Gas Hydrate as a Resource - Statoil s Hydrate Initiative

Transcription

1 Gas Hydrate as a Resource - Statoil s Hydrate Initiative Thomas Reichel & Jarle Husebø Exploration Global New Ventures / R&D Explore Unconventionals 1 -

2 Outline Gas hydrate occurances & resource potential Gas hydrate research in Norway Statoil s external collaborations Statoil s internal Gas Hydrate Focus Gas hydrates in Norway Norwegian Sea Barentssea Svalbard Gas Hydrates New Value Chain 2 -

3 Gas hydrate occurrances in Northern-Europe? 3 -

4 Statoil interest in Natural Gas Hydrates Modes of Gas Hydrate Occurrence in Nature Perhaps the major controlling factor on where gas hydrate forms is lithology (sand) and availability of CH 4 ~400 m water depth Permafrost Gas migration from depth Chimney Structures; veins & nodules Disseminated pore-fill at base of GHSZ Strata-bound deformed clays; veins and nodules Pore-fill sands 5 Pore-fill in sands with local sourcing Gas (C1-C3) migration from depth 6 Seafloor mounds Gas Hydrate Stability Boundary Hydrate-bearing Deformed Clay Marine Clays Hydrate-bearing sand Water-bearing sand Free gas from R. Boswell and B. Waite (in prep.) 4 -

5 Gas-hydrate-bearing sands seem the most feasible initial targets for energy recovery

6 The Gas Hydrate Potential in Norway Gas Hydrate Research Institutes in Norway University in Bergen (Prof. H. Haflidason, Prof. B. Kvamme, Prof, A. Graue) GANS-Project University in Tromsø (Prof. J. Mienert, Dr. S. Buenz) NGU Norwegian Geological Survey (Dr. S. Chand) NGI Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (Dr. T. Kvalstad, Dr. M. Vanneste) 6 -

7 Statoil External collaboration partners NDP-Norwegian Deepwater Program Statoil active member since 1997 Gas hydrate reasearch since early 2000 JIP GoM (DOE, Chevron) Gas hydrate exploration and reservoir analysis UNEP GRID-Arendal Gas hydrate global outlook RDC GeoEXPLORE (C-Core) Geoseismic survey offshore New Foundland since 2011 Gas hydrate mapping on existing data LBNL (Prof G. Moridis) Production simulation studies (Gulf of Mexico) IFM-GEOMAR (Prof K. Wallmann) Gas Hydrate Basin Modelling funding of Post-Doc ( planned 2012), University of Bergen Gas hydrate research funding of student program starting 2012 (Prof B. Kvamme, Prof. A. Graue) 7 -

8 Statoil Internal Gas Hydrate Focus Exploration Technology Global Screening for Hydrates R & D Geological and Geophysical Research Drilling & Production Technology Hydrates as Geohazard during drilling R & D production strategies from Hydrates Flow Assurance 8 -

9 9 - Statoil Internal Gas Hydrate Focus

10 Gas Hydrate Indications on the Mid-Norway Continental Margin GANS-Project ( ) within NDP-Consortium 3 working areas Norwegian continental margin Barentssea Western Svalbard Margin 10 -

11 Gas Hydrate Indications on the Mid-Norway Continental Margin widespread BSR in seismic data fluid migration-gas chimneys ~ 4000 km (from NDP-seabed project 2004)

12 12 - Gas Hydrate Indications on the Mid-Norway Continental Margin from Plaza-Faverola et al. 2010b Results evidence for thermogenic sources migration along deep seated polygonal faults gas hydrates act as broken seal Migration can reach seabed to from large vent sites/pockmarks Resources Huge GIP ~ GSm 3 Poor reservoir quality Low (0,2 GSm 3 /km 2 ) resource density, ~ comparable to similar hydrate provinces

13 Gas Hydrate Stability Conditions in the Barents Sea CH 4 hydrate probably not stable Presence of BSR and hydrate sample suggest thermogenic gas source Remaining issues: Geothermal gradient? Reservoir? Thickness of GHSZ from Chand et al. (2008) 13 -

14 Statoil s Gas Hydrate Initiative in Norway Shallow gas/gas hydrate exploration in SW Barents Sea (Skrugard) Index map from Laberg & Andreassen (1996); VAMP model from Scholl et al. (2007) 14 -

15 Gas Hydrate potential on Svalbard Milne Point (BP) Mallik (MH21) Svalbard? Messoyakha 15 -

16 Western Svalbard Margin Resource Assessment 16 - from Buenz et al (2009)

17 Western Svalbard Margin Resource Assessment ~90 m thick GHSZ Hydrate concentrations (modelled) of up to 12 % of pore space from Westbrook et al. (2008) 17 -

18 Gas Hydrate potential on Svalbard Permafrost on Svalbard Modelled Permafrost thickness (m) Permafrost in well hole ( ) registered in logs (T) up to 600m 18 - from Etzelmueller (UiO)

19 Gas Hydrate potential on Svalbard Confirmed: continous permafrost, within GHSZ assumed good reservoir properties observations of gas from exploration wells Unsure: Traps under the permafrost? Are sands present along the base of the gas hydrate stability zone? Kapp Laila-1 Svalbard Permafrost 19 - GHSZ = Gas hydrate stability zone

20 Gas Hydrate is of Global Significance because 1. Of the potential energy resource represented by the large amount of hydrocarbon trapped in the hydrate phase 2. It may play a role in global climate change 3. Of the hazard that accumulations of gas hydrate may pose to nearshore communities (geo-hazard), drilling and seabed installations (drilling hazard) Global heating? Energy resource? Mega-tsunami 20 - Classification: Internal (Restricted Distribution)

21 Thank you Gas Hydrate as a Resource - Statoil s Hydrate Initiative Thomas Reichel & Jarle Husebø thorei@statoil.com, tel:

22 The Gas Hydrate Potential in Norway Gas Hydrate Formation Requirements 1. Suitable P & T regime 2. Petroleum System (gas source, migration path, reservoir & trap) 3. Formation water SO 4 2- reduction & Anaerobic oxidation of CH m Marine Basins Permafrost Areas m GHOSZ Thickness: Pressure & Temperature Gas composition Gas saturation Salinity Pore size km (2-20 C) 1 1 Several 100s of m ( C) 1 Hydrate to gas transition 22 - Classification: Internal (Restricted Distribution) Source: Hester & Brewer (2009)