Geophysics the use of geology, laboratory & field experiments, mathematics, and instruments to study: Earthquakes and Volcanoes seismometers,
|
|
- Melina Russell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Geophysics the use of geology, laboratory & field experiments, mathematics, and instruments to study: Earthquakes and Volcanoes seismometers, tiltmeters, EDM, remote sensing, Energy: oil, gas, hydrothermal seismic reflection and refraction, boreholes Environment: water, minerals electromagnetic resistivity, Earth Structure and Geodynamics Global Positioning System (GPS)
2 Active and Passive Source seisms are used to study the Earth -Passive Source record naturally occurring seisms such as earthquakes - Active Source we generate a seism (source) and record the signals (returns) that reflect or refract from the earth materials This is based on the simple mathematics of Rate (R) = distance (d) divided by time (t) R = d/t
3 Geophysical experiments can be conducted in different locations: > Terrestrial - using geophones and seismometers to record earthquakes or seismic signals. > Ocean using ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBS) to record earthquakes on the seafloor > Extra-terrestrial to record Moonquakes or meteor impacts (passive), or spent rocket collisions (active) to calibrate seismometers on the Moon or Mars or...?
4 Seismic Array Networks in the United States
5 Seismic Array Networks in Antarctica
6 A typical field Seismic station Seismic stations in extreme environments (e.g. Antarctica) need special equipment
7 or extra terrestrial equipment. Detected Moonquakes at the lithosphere-aesthenosphere boundary, about 1000-km deep that peak during the monthly lunar cycle, with magnitudes of 0.5 to 1.3 Deployment of the lunar seismometer during the Apollo 11 moon Mission, July 1969 returned data for only 3-weeks!
8 Trinidad, California has a water problem. Too many people using too much water, which is flushing through the system, and showing up at the beach. Geophysics is used to help mitigate the problem.
9 Collecting Geophysical data in Trinidad in order to mitigate the waste water discharge issue. geophones Data logger Coaxial cable
10 Seismic Reflection data for Profile 1
11 Electromagnetic Resistivity data for Profile 1
12
13 Seismic Reflection data for Profile 3
14 Electromagnetic Resistivity data for Line 3
15
16 Seismic Reflection data for Profile 4
17 Electromagnetic Resistivity data for Line4
18 Continental Margins are the edges of the continents where the land meets the sea Continental Shelf: flat part of the margin that extends from the shore to about 150-meters water depth Continental Slope: the steeper part of the margin that slopes down to the Abyss about 2000-meters depth Abyssal Plains: the deep ocean and some of the flattest places on earth deep, dark, cold, crushing pressure Active Margins: typically narrow (~10-km), many faults, large earthquakes, volcanic arcs, trenches, submarine landslides are common Passive Margins: wider (200-km), thick sediments, earthquakes are uncommon, no trench, but submarine landslides occur here too
19 Submarine Landslides or Turbidity Currents: Gravity driven flows that occur where sediment builds up and flow down the continental slope onto the abyssal plains. Triggered as result of over-steepening, earthquake or seafloor instability and may generate tsunami
20 Sequence Stratigraphy is a model of how continental margin respond to sea level rise. Sediments are delivered from the upland regions (rivers) and fill in basins (oceans and lakes). The sequence boundary is the surface during low-sea levels (glacial periods) and the arrows represent how the sediments fill the basin.
21 Sequence stratigraphic model of a Passive margin (no trench). LST is Low Stand Tract (glacial period): ~ 20,000 years ago HST is High Stand Tract (inter-glacial period) = modern times
22 Active Source SONAR Chirp 1Hz 10Hz 100 Hz 1Khz 10kHz 100KHz 1MHz 10MHz 100MHz 1GHz 10GHz Frequency Range (cycles per second)
23 SONAR Mapping Tools
24 Seafloor mapping using SONAR
25 Multi-beam swath bathymetry map of northern Humboldt Continental Shelf
26 Chirp Sonar khz
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34 Core Q-45 collected on the anticline west of Humboldt Bay. Coarse sand over fine grained mud indicates an abrupt change in the environment.
35
The Ocean Floor Earth Science, 13e Chapter 13
The Ocean Floor Earth Science, 13e Chapter 13 Stanley C. Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College The vast world ocean Earth is often referred to as the blue planet Seventy-one percent of Earth s surface
More informationMap shows 3 main features of ocean floor
Map shows 3 main features of ocean floor 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 3 Marine Provinces 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 1 Chapter 3 Overview The study of bathymetry determines ocean depths and ocean
More informationOcean Basins, Bathymetry and Sea Levels
Ocean Basins, Bathymetry and Sea Levels Chapter 4 Please read chapter 5: sediments for next class and start chapter 6 on seawater for Thursday Basic concepts in Chapter 4 Bathymetry the measurement of
More informationChapter Overview. Bathymetry. Measuring Bathymetry. Measuring Bathymetry
CHAPTER 3 Marine Provinces Chapter Overview The study of bathymetry determines ocean depths and ocean floor topography. Echo sounding and satellites are efficient bathymetric tools. Most ocean floor features
More informationOceanography. Oceanography is the study of the deep sea and shallow coastal oceans.
Oceanography Oceanography is the study of the deep sea and shallow coastal oceans. Studying the Ocean Floor To determine the shape and composition of the ocean floor, scientists use techniques such as
More informationBathymetry Measures the vertical distance from the ocean surface to mountains, valleys, plains, and other sea floor features
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 CHAPTER 3 Marine Provinces Chapter Overview The study of bathymetry determines ocean depths and ocean floor topography. Echo sounding and satellites are efficient bathymetric tools.
More informationFoundations of Earth Science, 6e Lutgens, Tarbuck, & Tasa
Foundations of Earth Science, 6e Lutgens, Tarbuck, & Tasa Oceans: The Last Frontier Foundations, 6e - Chapter 9 Stan Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College The vast world ocean Earth is often referred
More informationLecture Outlines PowerPoint. Chapter 13 Earth Science 11e Tarbuck/Lutgens
Lecture Outlines PowerPoint Chapter 13 Earth Science 11e Tarbuck/Lutgens 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors
More informationEarth s Continents and Seafloors. GEOL100 Physical Geology Ray Rector - Instructor
Earth s Continents and Seafloors GEOL100 Physical Geology Ray Rector - Instructor OCEAN BASINS and CONTINENTAL PLATFORMS Key Concepts I. Earth s rocky surface covered by of two types of crust Dense, thin,
More informationMarine Science and Oceanography
Marine Science and Oceanography Marine geology- study of the ocean floor Physical oceanography- study of waves, currents, and tides Marine biology study of nature and distribution of marine organisms Chemical
More informationThe Ocean Floor Chapter 14. Essentials of Geology, 8e. Stan Hatfield and Ken Pinzke Southwestern Illinois College
The Ocean Floor Chapter 14 Essentials of Geology, 8e Stan Hatfield and Ken Pinzke Southwestern Illinois College The vast world ocean Earth is often referred to as the water planet 71% of Earth s surface
More informationLecture 05: Ocean Basins. Hypsometric Curve. Consider Ocean Basins: What is the elevation of Chambana?
Lecture 05: Ocean Basins 1 Hypsometric Curve What is the elevation of Chambana? Shows distribution of surface relative to sea level ~67% below sea level Mean ocean depth ~ -3.7 km (well below sea level)
More informationARE YOU READY TO THINK? Look at the first slide THINK PAIR SHARE!
ARE YOU READY TO THINK? Look at the first slide THINK PAIR SHARE! WHAT PROMINENT FEATURE CAN YOU IDENTIFY IN THIS PICTURE? What do you think the different colors represent? Who might find such a picture
More informationSeas. A sea is a part of an ocean that is nearly surrounded by water. The Mediterranean, Arctic and Black Sea are really part of the Atlantic Ocean.
Exploring the Ocean Since ancient times people have studied the ocean such as waters and ocean floor It provides food and services, and serves as a route for trade and travel The World s Oceans 71% of
More informationEarth / Environmental Science. Ch. 14 THE OCEAN FLOOR
Earth / Environmental Science Ch. 14 THE OCEAN FLOOR The Blue Planet Nearly 70% of the Earth s surface is covered by the global ocean It was not until the 1800s that the ocean became an important focus
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Geology 300, Physical Geology Spring 2019 Quiz Chapter 18, Seafloor Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Abyssal fans are made
More informationDirected Reading. Section: The Water Planet. surface is called the a. Earth s ocean. b. Pacific Ocean. c. salt-water ocean. d. global ocean.
Skills Worksheet Directed Reading Section: The Water Planet 1. The body of salt water covering nearly three-quarters of the Earth s surface is called the a. Earth s ocean. b. Pacific Ocean. c. salt-water
More informationCHAPTER 3 Ocean Basins
Review: What Drives Plate Motions: (1) Density vs. Gravity: causes oceanic crust to sink in subduction zones, causes crust to extend at spreading ridges (called ridge push, but the ridge is not pushing,
More informationEarth Science Lesson Plan Quarter 2, Week 10, Day 1
Earth Science Lesson Plan Quarter 2, Week 10, Day 1 Outcomes for Today Standard Focus: PREPARE 1. Background knowledge necessary for today s reading. Beaches are created by the actions of waves, tides,
More informationMARINE GEOLOGY & GEOGRAPHY
MARINE GEOLOGY & GEOGRAPHY Bathymetry BATHYMETRY BATHYMETRY THE UNDERWATER EQUIVALENT TO TOPOGRAPHY THE STUDY OF WATER DEPTH A BATHYMETRIC MAP SHOWS FLOOR RELIEF OR TERRAIN AS CONTOUR LINES Bathymetry
More informationMAR110 Lecture #3 Ocean Bathymetry / Plate Tectonics
1 MAR110 Lecture #3 Ocean Bathymetry / Plate Tectonics Ocean Basin Geographic Zones The geographic zones of the North Atlantic are identified in the bird s eye view of the sea floor above. Below is shown
More informationOcean Floor. Continental Margins. Divided into 3 major regions. Continental Margins. Ocean Basins. Mid-Ocean Ridges. Include:
Ocean Floor Divided into 3 major regions Continental Margins Ocean Basins Mid-Ocean Ridges Continental Margins Include: Continental Shelves Continental Slopes Continental Rise 1 Continental Shelves Part
More information24. Ocean Basins p
24. Ocean Basins p. 350-372 Background The majority of the planet is covered by ocean- about %. So the majority of the Earth s crust is. This crust is hidden from view beneath the water so it is not as
More informationOceanography, An Invitation to Marine Science 9e Tom Garrison. Ocean Basins Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Oceanography, An Invitation to Marine Science 9e Tom Garrison 4 Ocean Basins Key Concepts Tectonic forces shape the seabed The ocean floor is divided into continental margins and deep ocean basins The
More informationUnit 6: The Sea Floor
Unit 6: The Sea Floor Turn to Page 62 in Introduction to the World s Oceans Study the bathymetric chart What features do you see? How do the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans differ? What do you think accounts
More informationThe Marine Environment
The Marine Environment SECTION 16.1 Shoreline Features In your textbook, read about erosional landforms, beaches, estuaries, longshore currents, and rip currents. For each statement below, write true or
More informationLecture Marine Provinces
Lecture Marine Provinces Measuring bathymetry Ocean depths and topography of ocean floor Sounding Rope/wire with heavy weight Known as lead lining Echo sounding Reflection of sound signals 1925 German
More information14.2 Ocean Floor Features Mapping the Ocean Floor
14.2 Ocean Floor Features Mapping the Ocean Floor The ocean floor regions are the continental margins, the ocean basin floor, and the mid-ocean ridge. 14.2 Ocean Floor Features Continental Margins A continental
More informationChapter 9 Lecture Outline. Oceans: The Last Frontier
Chapter 9 Lecture Outline Oceans: The Last Frontier The Vast World Ocean Earth is referred to as the blue planet 71% of Earth s surface is oceans and marginal seas Continents and islands comprise the remaining
More informationSmall area of the ocean that is partially surrounded by land. The Ocean Basins. Three Major Oceans. Three Major Oceans. What is a SEA?
The Ocean Basins How Deep is the Ocean? 1 2 Three Major Oceans Three Major Oceans Pacific Atlantic the shallowest ocean (3.3km average depth) Indian second shallowest ocean (3.8km average depth) Pacific
More informationOceanography II Notes
Oceanography II Notes Tides The rise and fall in sea level is called a tide. Caused by a giant wave and the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the ocean One low-tide/high-tide cycle takes about
More informationThe Marine Environment
The Marine Environment SECTION 16.1 Shoreline Features In your textbook, read about erosional landforms, beaches, estuaries, longshore currents, and rip currents. For each statement below, write or. 1.
More informationOCN 201 Physiography of the Seafloor
OCN 201 Physiography of the Seafloor Hypsometric Curve for Earth s solid surface Note histogram Hypsometric curve of Earth shows two modes. Hypsometric curve of Venus shows only one! Why? Ocean Depth vs.
More informationPlate Tectonics: A Unifying Theory
Plate Tectonics: A Unifying Theory What is Plate Tectonics? - 7 large tectonic plates and many smaller ones that break up the lithosphere - Plates are brittle and float on asthenosphere and glide past
More informationActual bathymetry (with vertical exaggeration) Geometry of the ocean 1/17/2018. Patterns and observations? Patterns and observations?
Patterns and observations? Patterns and observations? Observations? Patterns? Observations? Patterns? Geometry of the ocean Actual bathymetry (with vertical exaggeration) Continental Continental Basin
More informationThe surface of the ocean floor is as varied as the land. The five major oceans, from largest to smallest, are
11.1 Ocean Basins The surface of the ocean floor is as varied as the land. The five major oceans, from largest to smallest, are w the Pacific w the Atlantic w the Indian w the Southern w the Arctic The
More informationOCEANOGRAPHY II NOTES
TIDES OCEANOGRAPHY II NOTES MRS. BURKEY EARTH SPACE SCIENCE CY CREEK HS THE RISE AND FALL IN SEA LEVEL IS CALLED A TIDE. CAUSED BY A GIANT WAVE. AVERAGE LOW-TIDE/HIGH-TIDE CYCLE TAKES ABOUT 12 HRS AND
More informationUnit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2
Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2 Create a mind map with the driving question, Why are Oceans Important? Remember: Why are oceans so important? Why are oceans so important? Primary water source
More informationOCN 201 Physiography of the Seafloor
OCN 201 Physiography of the Seafloor 1 Ocean Depth versus Continental Height Why do we have dry land? Solid surface of Earth is dominated by two levels: Land with a mean elevation of +840 m (29% of Earth
More informationMARINE GEOLOGY & GEOGRAPHY
MARINE GEOLOGY MARINE GEOLOGY & GEOGRAPHY Marine Geology 4 LAYERS OF THE EARTH CRUST THICKNESS: VARIES BETWEEN OCEAN & CONTINENTS 5-40 KM STATE: SOLID ELEMENTS: SILICON, ALUMINUM, CALCIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM
More informationLecture 26: Marine Geology Read: Chapter 21 Homework due December 3
Learning Objectives (LO) Lecture 26: Marine Geology Read: Chapter 21 Homework due December 3 What we ll learn today:! 1. Describe the world s five oceans! 2. Understand patterns of ocean circulation! 3.
More informationIntroduction to Acoustic Remote Sensing and Seafloor Mapping (AE4-E13) May 19, 2010
Introduction to Acoustic Remote Sensing and Seafloor Mapping (AE4-E13) May 19, 2010 1 Delft Vermelding Institute onderdeel of Earth organisatie Observation and Space Systems Why Acoustic Remote Sensing?
More informationOceanography is the scientific study of oceans Oceans make up over 70% of the Earth s surface
Oceanography Oceanography is the scientific study of oceans Oceans make up over 70% of the Earth s surface An ocean must be large and have features which set it apart from other oceans (currents, water
More informationDiscusssion / Activity 1 Suggested Answers. INSPECTION COPY for schools only
Earth Structure Discusssion / Activity 1 Suggested Answers 1. Clearly label the diagram to show the main layers of the Earth. 2. What is the lithosphere? The lithosphere is the crust, plus a thin part
More information6th Grade Science Sample Assessment Items S6E3c.
Composition 6th Grade Science Sample Assessment Items Ocean water differs from freshwater in that it has. A. a lower temperature B. a higher temperature C. a higher concentration of silicon dioxide D.
More informationGrade 8 Science. Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2
Grade 8 Science Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2 Oceans are important... 1. Primary water source for the water cycle 2. Control weather 3. Support diverse life 4. Provides humans with food, minerals,
More informationUnit 4 - Water. Earth s Interior. Earth s Interior. Continental Drift. Continental Drift. Continental Drift. Crust. Mantle. Core.
Unit 4 - Water How did the oceans form? What special adaptations do saltwater organisms have? Where does our water come from? How do humans affect the Earth s water? Crust Rigid outer shell of Earth Oceanic
More informationMarine Geosciences / Oceanography Fields and disciplines
Marine Geosciences / Oceanography Fields and disciplines Marine Geosciences; Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Marine chemistry; marine geochemistry Biological Oceanography Marine biology; marine biogeochemistry
More informationScience 8 - Water Systems Test - Chapters 1-2
Science 8 - Water Systems Test - Chapters 1-2 Multiple Choice (30 marks) Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What percentage represents the amount of fresh
More informationReading Material. See class website. Sediments, from Oceanography M.G. Gross, Prentice-Hall
Reading Material See class website Sediments, from Oceanography M.G. Gross, Prentice-Hall Materials filling ocean basins Dissolved chemicals especially from rivers and mid-ocean ridges (volcanic eruptions)
More informationSea-Floor Spreading, Subduction,& Plate Boundaries. Lecture Continental Fit 2. Similar Rocks, Ages 3. Similar Fossils 4. Widespread Glaciation
Sea-Floor Spreading, Subduction,& Plate Boundaries Lecture 21 Prop: Test 3 Invitations Alfred Wegener s Evidence for Continental Drift 1. Continental Fit 2. Similar Rocks, Ages 3. Similar Fossils 4. Widespread
More informationDYNAMIC PLANET. Name: School:
DYNAMIC PLANET November 4 th Scrimmage Name: School: Directions: DO NOT open the packet until prompted to. The test will be a 50 minute test and answer each question to the best of your abilities. Total:
More informationChapter 2: Plate Tectonics: A Unifying Theory
Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics: A Unifying Theory Chapter Outline 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Early Ideas About Continental Drift 2.3 What Is the Evidence for Continental Drift? 2.4 Features of the Seafloor 2.5 Earth
More informationChapter 02 The Sea Floor
Chapter 02 The Sea Floor Multiple Choice Questions 1. One of the following is not one of the world's major ocean basins: A. Atlantic Ocean B. Arctic Ocean C. Indian Ocean D. Antarctic Ocean E. Pacific
More informationChapter 2. The Planet Oceanus
Chapter 2 The Planet Oceanus Composition of the Earth The Earth consists of a series of concentric layers or spheres which differ in chemistry and physical properties. There are two different ways to describe
More informationTest on Chapters 7-11 Monday, April 28, 2014 No Calculator Required
Test on Chapters 7-11 Monday, April 28, 2014 No Calculator Required Chapter Sections: Oceans: 7.1 7.2 7.4 Bathymetry: 8.3 Earth s Interior: 10.1 10.2 10.3 Plate Tectonics: 11.1 11.2 11.3 Study/Review:
More informationIn 1990, 50% of the U.S. population lived within 75 km of a coast. By 2010, 75% of the U.S. population will live within 75 km of a coast.
In 1990, 50% of the U.S. population lived within 75 km of a coast. By 2010, 75% of the U.S. population will live within 75 km of a coast. High Tech Methods for Surveying the Deep Sea Floor Fig. 20.18 1
More informationThe Sea Floor. Chapter 2
The Sea Floor Chapter 2 Geography of the Ocean Basins World ocean is the predominant feature on the Earth in total area Northern Hemisphere = 61% of the total area is ocean. Southern Hemisphere = about
More informationOrigin and Evolution of the Ocean Floor
Origin and Evolution of the Ocean Floor Outline Mapping the Ocean Floor Continental Margins Origin of Oceanic Lithosphere Structure of Ocean Crust Mapping the ocean floor Depth originally measured by lowering
More informationEssential Question: How are the geological features that exist on land similar to the geological features on the ocean floor?
Essential Question: How are the geological features that exist on land similar to the geological features on the ocean floor? Geography of the Oceans The world ocean can be divided into four main ocean
More informationEarth s Structure and Surface
Earth s Structure and Surface Structure of the Earth The earth is thought have originated about 4.5 billion years ago from a cloud or clouds of dust. The dust was the remains of a huge cosmic explosion
More informationChirp Sonar Investigation of the Eel River Subaqueous Delta and Surrounding Shallow-Water Regions, Offshore California
Chirp Sonar Investigation of the Eel River Subaqueous Delta and Surrounding Shallow-Water Regions, Offshore California Neal Driscoll Geology & Geophysics Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
More informationUNIT 1: WATER SYSTEMS ON EARTH CHAPTER 2: OCEANS CONTROL THE WATER CYCLE
UNIT 1: WATER SYSTEMS ON EARTH CHAPTER 2: OCEANS CONTROL THE WATER CYCLE ORIGINS OF OCEAN WATER OCEANS HAVE FILLED OVER HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS OF YEARS SCIENTISTS BELIEVE THE OCEANS ARE MORE THAN 3 BILLION
More informationSea-Floor Spreading, Subduction,& Plate Boundaries. Lecture 23. Geol 101 (Kite) Quiz 9, April Geol 101 (Kite) Quiz 9, April 2006
Sea-Floor Spreading, Subduction,& Plate Boundaries Lecture 23 Prop: Test 3 Invitations Geol 101 (Kite) Quiz 9, April 2005 ******************************* * You are cordially invited * Name * to attend
More informationGLG101: What-To-Know List
Exam 3, Page 1 GLG101: What-To-Know List (Derived from Before You Leave This Page Lists) This list is intended to guide your reading and to help you prepare for the online multiple-choice quizzes. Each
More informationClastic Sedimentary Rocks
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Alessandro Grippo, Ph.D. Alternating sandstones and mudstones in Miocene turbidites Camaggiore di Firenzuola, Firenze, Italy Alessandro Grippo review Mechanical weathering creates
More informationTHE DEPOSITS OF TSUNAMIS WESLEY PESANTEZ, CATHERINE NIELD, COLIN WINTER
THE DEPOSITS OF TSUNAMIS WESLEY PESANTEZ, CATHERINE NIELD, COLIN WINTER AN OVERVIEW OF OUR SEMINAR WHAT IS A TSUNAMI WHY STUDY TSUNAMIS PROPERTIES OF TSUNAMIS TSUNAMI HYDRODYNAMICS IDEALIZED DEPOSITS SEDIMENT
More informationSeafloor Evidence of Remotely Triggered Slope Failures & Turbidity Currents. Paul Johnson, Joan Gomberg, Susan Hautala, and Marie Salmi
Seafloor Evidence of Remotely Triggered Slope Failures & Turbidity Currents Paul Johnson, Joan Gomberg, Susan Hautala, and Marie Salmi Why Do We Care? The turbidite record is a key constraint on recurrence
More informationTuesday, September 05, 2017 Planet Earth
Tuesday, September 05, 2017 Planet Earth Objective: Describe the solar system and Earth s location in it. Identify Earth s shape. Discuss Earth s structure. List Earth s landforms Do Now: What is a compass
More informationSeafloor Morphology. Techniques of Investigation. Bathymetry and Sediment Studies
Seafloor Morphology I f we select a grid for the surface of the earth (i.e. 5 km 2 ) and assign it an average elevation in relation to sea level, we can construct a graph of elevation versus area of the
More informationA physical feature of the Earth s surface
Earth s Landforms A physical feature of the Earth s surface A physical feature of the Earth s surface LANDFORM Highest of Earth s physical features Highest of Earth s physical features MOUNTAIN Low area
More informationSection 2.1 Ocean Basins. - Has helped determine where ocean basins are located. - Tectonic plates move changing the position of the continents.
Science 8 Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2: Oceans Control the Water Cycle Section 2.1 Ocean Basins Oceans are important because: 1. Primary water source for the water cycle 2. Control weather
More informationI. Earth s Layers a. Crust: Earth s outside layer. Made of mostly rock. i. Continental: er; made of mostly granite, forms the continents and shallow
I. Earth s Layers a. Crust: Earth s outside layer. Made of mostly rock. i. Continental: er; made of mostly granite, forms the continents and shallow sea beds, floats! ii. Oceanic: er; dense rock such as
More information4. In areas where tectonic plates collide, the seafloor has deep. 5. In areas where tectonic plates separate, the seafloor has mid- ocean
Name Date Hour Table Chapter 14 Lesson One- General Directions: Use the word bank below to complete each statement. NOT all terms are used. abyssal plains brackish water condensation energy freshwater
More informationGeography of the world s oceans and major current systems. Lecture 2
Geography of the world s oceans and major current systems Lecture 2 WHY is the GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE OCEAN FLOOR important? (in the context of Oceanography) WHY is the GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE OCEAN FLOOR important?
More informationSCI-4 Q1 Benchmark Exam not valid for Paper Pencil Test Sessions
SCI-4 Q1 Benchmark 2018-19 Exam not valid for Paper Pencil Test Sessions [Exam ID:1LGR2D 1 Which of these are the deepest parts of the ocean? A Abyssal plains B Continental slopes C Ocean trenches D Continental
More informationChapter 4: Plate Tectonics
Chapter 4: Plate Tectonics K2 in the Himalaya, inset round submersible (beneath the submarine) that went to the Marianas Trench in 1960 http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/james-cameron-presents-record-setting-deep-sea-expedition-article-1.1215139
More informationChapter 2 Plate Tectonics and the Ocean Floor
Chapter 2 Plate Tectonics and the Ocean Floor Matching. Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all. 1. hydrothermal vents A. convergent
More informationQuestion. What caused the recent explosive eruptions of hot ash and gas at Kilauea s Halema uma u crater:
OCN 201 Deep Sea Sediments Question What caused the recent explosive eruptions of hot ash and gas at Kilauea s Halema uma u crater: A. The interaction of lava with seawater B. Drainage of the lava lake
More informationWhat are terrestrial planets like on the inside? Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. Seismic Waves.
Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds What are terrestrial planets like on the inside? Seismic Waves Vibrations that travel through Earth s interior tell us what Earth is
More information60% water. Big Bang: 14,000 millions years ago The Earth originated about 4,500 millions years ago its orbit allows water to exist in a liquid state!
Ch2. The Sea Floor #1 Why geology of the oceans? Marine habitats are directly shaped by geological processes The form of the coastlines The depth of the water Type of bottom (muddy, sandy, rocky) #2 Geological
More informationExamining the Terrestrial Planets (Chapter 20)
GEOLOGY 306 Laboratory Instructor: TERRY J. BOROUGHS NAME: Examining the Terrestrial Planets (Chapter 20) For this assignment you will require: a calculator, colored pencils, a metric ruler, and your geology
More informationPlate Tectonics. Continental Drift Sea Floor Spreading Plate Boundaries
Plate Tectonics Continental Drift Sea Floor Spreading Plate Boundaries Continental Drift 1915, Alfred Wegener - Pangea hypothesis: suggested Earth s continents were part of a large super-continent 200
More informationThe Major Ocean Basins and Their Features
Where Submarines Lurk Recent satellite studies and deep-sea mapping programs have revealed in dramatic fashion that the ocean floor is not flat. Indeed, the terrain of the ocean floor surpasses that of
More informationEarth s Seafloors. Ocean Basins and Continental Margins. Introductory Oceanography Ray Rector - Instructor
Earth s Seafloors Ocean Basins and Continental Margins Introductory Oceanography Ray Rector - Instructor OCEAN BASINS and CONTINENTAL PLATFORMS Key Concepts I. Earth s rocky surface covered by of two types
More information1. Name at least one place that the mid-atlantic Ridge is exposed above sea level.
Interpreting Tectonic and Bathymetric Maps. The purpose of this lab is to provide experience interpreting the bathymetry of the seafloor in terms of tectonic and geologic settings and processes. Use the
More informationChapter Two. Figure 02_02. Geography of the Ocean Basins. The Sea Floor
Chapter Two The Sea Floor Geography of the Ocean Basins Figure 02_02 The world ocean is the predominant feature on the Earth in total area. In the Northern Hemisphere, 61% of the total area is ocean. In
More informationBell Ringer. water cycle? gaseous water (water vapor)? How do you know? 1. What are the five components of the
Bell Ringer 1. What are the five components of the water cycle? 2. Are clouds composed of liquid water or gaseous water (water vapor)? How do you know? 3. How are glaciers formed? Salt Water - Oceans Characteristics
More informationDivergent Boundaries: Origin and Evolution of the Ocean Floor Earth - Chapter 13 Stan Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College
Divergent Boundaries: Origin and Evolution of the Ocean Floor Earth - Chapter 13 Stan Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Mapping the Ocean Floor Depth was originally measured by lowering weighted lines
More informationUnit 8 Test Review -- Oceanography
Unit 8 Test Review -- Oceanography Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. D 1. A large body of saline water that may be surrounded by land is a(n)
More informationNAME Lab TA. Introduction to Oceanography, EPSS15 Practice Lecture Exam #1, Fall 2017 Exam#
NAME Lab TA Introduction to Oceanography, EPSS15 Practice Lecture Eam #1, Fall 2017 Eam# 654321 Instructions 1. PRINT your name and lab TA s name on BOTH the cover sheet of this eam and on the SCANTRON
More informationdeep within the planet. They are also shaped by conditions on the planet s surface. In
Chapter 4 Landforms, Water, and Natural Resources Earth is home to many different types of landforms. These landforms are shaped by forces deep within the planet. They are also shaped by conditions on
More informationElements of Ocean Engineering Prof. Ashoke Bhar Department of Ocean Engineering and Naval Architecture Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur
Elements of Ocean Engineering Prof. Ashoke Bhar Department of Ocean Engineering and Naval Architecture Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture - 4 Physical Oceanography - IV (Refer Slide Time:
More informationEPSS 15 Introduction to Oceanography Spring Physiography of the Ocean Basins
EPSS 15 Introduction to Oceanography Spring 2017 Physiography of the Ocean Basins ISOSTASY The surface of the earth can be subdivided into two major areas: 1) the ocean basins and 2) the continents. Although
More informationMarine Sediments. Introductory Oceanography. Ray Rector: Instructor
Marine Sediments Introductory Oceanography Ray Rector: Instructor Ocean Basins are Vast Sinks for Huge Amounts of Sediment from Numerous Different Sources Four Major Types of Seafloor Sediments 1. Lithogenous
More informationScience 5 - Sawyer Oceans [Exam ID:6030]
Science 5 - Sawyer Oceans [Exam I:6030] 1 Koa and Neeve are swimming and jumping in the waves at the beach. On which part of the ocean are they standing? Mountain range ontinental rise byssal plain ontinental
More informationOrigin of solar system. Origin of solar system. Geology of the Hawaiian Islands. Any Questions? Class 2 15 January 2004
Geology of the Hawaiian Islands Class 2 15 January 2004 Any Questions? Origin of solar system Pick a theory, any theory, but it must be consistent with these facts: Planets all revolve around the Sun in
More informationName: Date: Final Exam Study Guide Cosmology is the study of what aspect of astronomy?
Name: Date: Final Exam Study Guide- 2014 The Universe Cosmology is the study of what aspect of astronomy? List the two most abundant gases in the universe and explain why we have so much of them. What
More informationLate 20 th Century Tests of the Continental Drift Hypothesis
Late 20 th Century Tests of the Continental Drift Hypothesis 5 Characteristics of the Ocean Trenches Unless otherwise noted the artwork and photographs in this slide show are original and by Burt Carter.
More informationAny Questions? 99.9 % of mass is in the Sun; 99 % of angular momentum is in the planets. Planets in two groups:
Geology of the Hawaiian Islands Class 2 15 January 2004 Any Questions? Origin of solar system Pick a theory, any theory, but it must be consistent with these facts: Planets all revolve around the Sun in
More information