Geotechnical Aspects of the Ohio River Bridges Project

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Geotechnical Aspects of the Ohio River Bridges Project"

Gwenda Blair
5 years ago
Views:

1 Geotechnical Aspects of the Ohio River Bridges Project Mark A. Litkenhus, PE Sr. Geotechnical Engineer Stephen H. Bickel, PE Sr. Geotechnical Engineer STGEC Ohio River Bridges at Louisville Geotechnical Aspects 1 of 29

2 Agenda 1 Site Location 2 Geology 3 Ohio River Drainage 4 Downtown Bridge and Interchange I-265 Bridge I-265 Roadway and Tunnel I-65 Bridge I-65 Roadway 2 of 29

3 Site Location 3 of 29

4 Site Location 4 of 29

5 Site Location 8 of 29

6 Site Location Downtown Bridge Fort Louisville 9 of 29

7 Site Location Louisville is at this location due to the Falls. Only place rock exposed in river s bed. An ancient coral reef. Not a waterfall, a series of rapids. River drops 26 feet in 2 miles. Obstruction to river navigation. 10 of 29

Geology Column (Not to Scale) shows geologic formations in Jefferson County & Southern Indiana. Sedimentary rock formed from about to 340 million years ago.

8 Geology Column (Not to Scale) shows geologic formations in Jefferson County & Southern Indiana. Sedimentary rock formed from about to 340 million years ago. Louisville & Southern Indiana was in a shallow tropical sea, below the equator. Old geologic formations had a major impact on site physiography and geotechnical conditions. More recent occurrences have influenced site conditions: Structural Folding and Ice Age. Bridge Projects and Tunnel are located in these Formations 11 of 29

9 Geology Cincinnati Arch Jessamine Dome Illinois Coal Basin Appalachian Coal Basin 13 of 29

10 Geology Cross-section depicts rock folding. Drainage Divides near Madison IN & Manchester OH Erosion caused oldest rock exposed along Cincinnati Arch & younger rock exposed away from Arch. Bridge Projects Silurian Formations more erosion-resistant. North-South Trending Drainage Divides formed along Silurian escarpments. Cincinnati Arch 14 of 29

11 Ohio River Drainage Map shows Ohio River Drainage Basin. Begins at Pittsburgh & flows to the Mississippi River (981 miles long). Drainage comes from 15 states and almost 200,000 sq. miles Bridge projects are in Glaciated Lower Ohio Valley. Almost a mile wide at McAlpine Dam in Louisville. It wasn t always this way. 17 of 29

12 Ohio River Drainage Map shows preglacial drainage patterns. Drained by ancient Teays Mahomet River system. Divides at Madison IN & Manchester OH directed rivers to north. Ohio River began about 50 miles upstream from Louisville. 18 of 29

13 Ohio River Drainage Map shows glacial limits. Ice blocked north flowing rivers. Ponded water overtopped divides. Torrents carved steep valleys and established Ohio River. The river bed was down cut to rock, 250 feet at Louisville. Wider valley developed at Louisville due to weaker shales. 19 of 29

Ohio River Drainage Wide valley at Louisville filled with glacial outwash (sand gravel, boulders). After it filled, the river meandered northwest.

14 Ohio River Drainage Wide valley at Louisville filled with glacial outwash (sand gravel, boulders). After it filled, the river meandered northwest. It eventually encountered the old coral reef and was forced to stop its movement. The Falls formed, and later, Col George Rogers Clark arrived to found Louisville. 20 of 29

15 Interstate 265 Bridge over Ohio River 700 Tower 3 Tower Kentucky Indiana Pier 2 Roadway (Bridge) Grade Pier Boring AC-1 Ohio River River Bottom Top of Rock Outwash Deposits 300 Limestone (Interbedded with Shale) of 29

16 Interstate 265 Bridge - Boring Log AC-1 Hole No. Station Offset Elev D 95 D 50 D w% LI AC Lt A-7-6(29), CL, S+C=94(67+27) A-6(14), CL, S+C=80(55+25) DS U.C STDRQD KYRQD REC (psi) (tsf) Top of rock elev. = Base of weathered rock elev. = N=2, A-4(1), CL-ML, S+C=59(44+15) N=5 N=11 A-1-b(0), SM, S+C=13(9+4) N=31 N=9 N=2 N=16, S+C=13 N=21 N=18 A-1-b(0), SM, S+C=10(8+2) N=26 N=20, S+C=8 N=24 N=24 N=25 A-1-b(1), SW, S+C=5(4+1) N=26 N=22 S+C=4 N=R/0.3 SDI Limestone (60%) interbedded with Shale (40%) 78 Limestone is gray, fine grained, thin bedded, argillaceous. Shale is gray, silty, argillaceous. 76 Near vertical fracture zone from to Near vertical fracture zone from to Near vertical fracture zone from to Clay filled near vertical fracture zone from to Near vertical fracture zone from to Clay filled near vertical fracture zone from to Clay seam from to Clay seam from to Clay seam from to Clay seam from to of

17 Interstate 265 Roadway Profile Sta. 100 to Sta Sta Rt Top of Rock Shale Limestone Pre-Construction Groundline Harrods Creek Bridge Dolomite Shale Sediment / Soil of 29

18 Interstate 265 Roadway - Boring Log Sta , 60 Rt. 580 KYRQD REC Limestone, gray, micro- to finely crystalline grained, medium to thick bedded, zones nodular/irregular bedded to 533.5, fossiliferous, argillaceous zones, with shaly stringers and partings Shaded area represents tunnel as it descends towards Harrods Creek. SDI (JS) 78 (4) Shale, gray, calcareous Limestone (Dolomite), gray, fine grained, thin to thick bedded, dolomitic RDZ = 8.7 Shale, gray, calcareous Limestone, gray, fine grained, medium to thick bedded, dolomitic Shale, red to gray, clay-like Limestone, gray, fine grained, medium to thick bedded, zones dolomitic, zone shaly, with shale streaks and partings 24 of

19 Interstate 65 Bridge over Ohio River Kentucky Tower 3R Tower 4R Tower 5R Indiana Pier 2R Boring B-800 Shale Sediment / Soil? Ohio River - Normal Pool Top of Rock Limestone Pier 6R of 29

20 Interstate 65 Bridge - Boring Log B-800 Hole No. Station Offset Elev U.C. (tsf) /28/13 w% LI STDRQD KYRQD REC B Lt Top of rock elev. = Base of weathered rock elev. = N=16 N=53 A-2(0), SM, S+C=30 N=50+ N=9 N=2 N=3 N=4 A-4(0), ML, S+C=65 N=5 N=7 N=6 A-4(5), CL, S+C=90 N=6 N=39 N=11 A-1-b(0), SW-SM, S+C=10 N=17 N=25 N=25 N=33 N=38 A-1-b(0), SP-SM, S+C=7 N=58 N=32 N=24 N=36 A-3(0), SP-SM, S+C=9 N=37 N=50+ Limestone, gray, fine to coarse grained, thin to medium bedded, black shale stringers Shale, dark gray, weathered Limestone, gray, fine to medium grained, medium to thick bedded, calcite lenses, black shale stringers 26 of

21 Interstate 65 Roadway Profile END OF I-65 BRIDGE (APPROX.) Top of Rock Groundline Outwash Deposits Limestone Boring 2B-99 Boring 2B-106 Boring 2B-124 BEARGRASS CREEK ,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 DISTANCE FROM I-65 BRIDGE (FEET) 27of 29

22 Interstate 65 Roadway - Boring Logs 2B-99 and 2B Qu (psf) w% LI B Rt A-1-b(0), SM, S+C=24(19+5) N=11 A-1-b(0), SM, N=6 S+C=18(13+5) A-6(8), CL, S+C=62(39+23) B Lt A-6(16), CL, S+C=91(59+32) A-6(9), CL, S+C=73(50+23) A-6(5), CL, S+C=58(38+20) A-6(16), CL, S+C=94(57+37) A-6(10), CL, S+C=98(78+20) U.C. (tsf) STDRQD KYRQD REC Limestone, gray, microcrystalline to fine grained, thin bedded, with shaly zones and thin shale partings Weathered and water stained at and at VOID, from to NP 23 A-6(14), CL, S+C=92(58+34) A-6(10), CL, S+C=73(51+22) A-1-b(0), SM, S+C=19(16+3) N=11, S+C= STDRQD KYRQD REC Limestone, light gray, microcrystalline to fine grained, thin to thick bedded, with shaly zones and thin shale partings Limestone, gray, microcrystalline to fine grained, thick bedded, with thin shale partings Voids from to 418.3, from to 417.3, and from to Top of rock elev. = Base of weathered rock elev. = of 29 Top of rock elev. = Base of weathered rock elev. =

23 Interstate 65 Roadway - Boring Log 2B Qu (psf) w% LI NP 18 NP 33 NP 2B Lt A-4(0), ML, S+C=57(44+13) N=4 A-1-b(0), SM, N=5 S+C=13(10+3) /10/ NP 8 NP 6 NP 4 NP 14 N=6, S+C=44 N=8 N=11 N=30 N=39 N=20, S+C=6 A-2-4(0), SP-SM, S+C=12(10+2) A-1-b(1), SW-SM, S+C=9(8+1) NP NP N=9 N=14 A-3(1), SP, S+C=4(5+0) NP NP NP NP N=34, S+C=9 N=17 N=23 N=21 N=19 N=30, S+C=6 A-3(1), SP-SM, S+C=7(6+1) A-1-a(1), SW-SM, S+C=8(6+2) NP NP N=14 N=14 A-1-a(1), SW, S+C=3(2+1) R (364.6) 29 of

mountain rivers fixed channel boundaries (bedrock banks and bed) high transport capacity low storage input output

mountain rivers fixed channel boundaries (bedrock banks and bed) high transport capacity low storage input output strong interaction between streams & hillslopes Sediment Budgets for Mountain Rivers Little