Social Vulnerability in Metro Manila: Implications for Preparedness and Response "

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1 Social Vulnerability in Metro Manila: Implications for Preparedness and Response " Earthquake Resilience Conference: Collaboration and Coordination in Preparedness and Response" May 2015" Antonia Yulo Loyzaga" Manila Observatory"

2 Outline" Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction " Key Definitions" Urban Risk and Social Vulnerability in MM: Implications for Preparedness and Response" Urban Profile of MM" Dimensions of Social Vulnerability " Intersecting Social and Physical Geographies" Lessons Learned from Recent Earthquake Disasters" Resilience-based Leadership and Governance "!

3 Sendai Framework for DRR: 4 Priority Actions " Understanding disaster risk" Strengthening disaster risk governance" Investing in risk reduction" Enhancing disaster preparedness for " " collective response, and to build back better in recovery rehabilitation and reconstruction "

4 Key Definitions" Resilience is the ability of people, households, communities, countries and systems to mitigate, adapt and to recover from shocks and stresses in a manner that reduces chronic vulnerability and facilitates inclusive growth (USAID)" Risk is the compounding effect of hazards, exposure and vulnerability, where vulnerability is defined as a combination of susceptibility, coping and adaptive capacity (adapted from UNISDR and World Risk Report)" A disaster occurs when a hazard impacts vulnerable people (IFRC) "

5 Urban Risk and Social Vulnerability in MM: Implications for Preparedness and Response" Hazard preparedness and response need to match dimensions of vulnerability and capacity across different scales and sectors" Comprehensive grasp of the dynamics of the hazard within the context of Metro Manilaʼs urban profile is required" Intersecting physical and social geographies impact complexity and dynamics of risk" Preparedness and response for resilient recovery must be inclusive "

6 MMEIRS Scenario 8" Source: Overview of Earthquake Risk in Metro Manila and Developing Earthquake Preparedness, Dr. Renato Solidum, Jr., Phivolcs, 28 May 2013

7 Source: Overview of Earthquake Risk in Metro Manila and Developing Earthquake Preparedness, Dr. Renato Solidum, Jr., Phivolcs, 28 May 2013

8 Urban Profile of MM " 12 Million population" 630 square kilometers" Population density of 19,137 per sq km" Youth and elderly are 30% of population " Contributes over 36 % of national GDP" Population growth rate of approximately 2% per year" Over 4.5 Million informal settlers" The Port Area of Manila has the highest population growth rate at 10% per year" "" " " "" "" " " " " " " " ""

9 Dimensions of Social Vulnerability" Personal age, gender, socio-economic status, disabilities, health and shelter" Community trust networks, bonding and bridging capital" Institutional/Organizational national and local disaster risk governance, includes provision and delivery of basic services, systems and resources for disaster risk reduction and management"!!!! " " " " " " " " " " "(adapted from: Zoppou, Nielsen,Day and Roberts,2004"!!!!

10 Intersecting Physical and Social Geographies" Population Density 2010" Land Use and Land Cover 2015"

11 Elementary and High Schools" Government Hospitals"

12 Poverty Incidence 2012" Informal Settlements 2010"

13 Bagong Silang, Caloocan! Population: 1,000,000! 578 hectares"!"#$%&'()*+*,*-*./0%1#234&(5$670() ()$"9&%:(( Batasan Hills, Quezon City! Estimated Population: 400,000" 444 F"0:$7(G&E"132;"0(70<(+72H(I"$%&(5$670(="02%3&0JK7J"0( Addition Hills, Mandaluyong!"#$% Estimated Population: 125,000" 118 Lupang Arenda! Estimated Population: 300,000 " 171 Baseco, Manila! Estimated Population: 100,000 " 56 hectares

14 &'#'(')%*"++(,%-./01)%!"#$% #$%&'()!*+,-.+!/01(&2+3$&45!6786!

15 &'(/21,%3')"+'% 9:$3$!'$%&3(14!$;)!G$M(*007(,7$3&(*M(F7$7"2R(S"P0(SM(=7$$"11(/02J:#:&( "0(=P#$%P(70<(!"%371(/22#&2(!!

16 455"61)%*"++(,%3')5'+.$1)7%!"#$% 9:$3$!'$%&3(14!$;)!T70<2("D(,&$%;()P312M((

17 8.9')7%4:/)5'% 9:$3$!'$%&3(14!$;)!S"07:P70(=&11"07R(*-!.=-U(U&V2(

18 Lessons Learned from Recent Earthquake Disasters!! Culture, Social Capital and Trust Matters" " Evidence-based Decision-making is critical in Preparedness and over-all Risk Governance" " Children are especially Exposed and Vulnerable" Pre-disaster Recovery Planning is essential from Business Continuity Planning to Creative Reconstruction" " "

19 Haiti Earthquake" 12 January 2010" 7.0 Magnitude" Officially 316,000 killed" 300,000 injured" 1.5 Million displaced" Time.Inc." Tohoku Earthquake" 11 March 2011" 9.0 Magnitude" 15,853 killed" 3,282 Missing" 6,023 Injured"

20 Athit Perawongmetha/Reuters"

21 Nepal Earthquake 25 April 2015 " 7.8 Magnitude" Over 8000 dead and missing" Widespread destruction" of buildings and world " heritage sites" Challenging humanitarian logistics.!! AP"

22 Sichuan Earthquake 12 May 2008 " 7.9 Magnitude" 4,800,000 left homeless" 87,150 killed and Missing" Over 5000 students killed"

23 Metro Manila has over 1.5 Million Elementary and High School studentse!

24 Great Hanshin Earthquake 17 January 1995" Reuters" 7.3 Magnitude" 6,434 killed" Over 43,000 injured" More than120,000 total and partially damaged buildings" 7,000 structures burned" ibitimes"

25 Creative Reconstruction " "Basic Targets and Policies of Reconstruction Plan (July 1995)!! 1. Community Planning focused on Welfare" -Hi-quality Public Housing for Refugees" " -Medical Care System for "-Establishment of Comprehensive Disaster Disaster Response" " Management! " -Community Based Disaster 2. Multicultural Society" Risk Reduction" " " 3. Improving Existing Industry and 5. Establishment of Resilient Incubating New Industry" Metropolitan System " -Redundant Transportation 4. Investment in Disaster Risk System! Reduction!" - Improving Facilities for Disaster Risk Reduction" ADRC, Natori 2014"

26 Resilience-Based Leadership and Governance" Source: DFID,GSDRC"

27 Thank you" +.$4F+G+H$01(&2+3$&4E>:!?+,-.+H$01(&2+3$&4E>:!!

28 Acknowledgements" Dr. Celine Vicente, Raul Dayawon and Florderliza del Castillo" Dr. Emma Porio, Justin See, John Paul Dalupang" Jessica Bercilla" Deborah B. Tolentino "