Selected Papers from the 2 nd World Forum on China Studies (Abstracts) Panel 12 Shanghai's Development in Multi-scaled Perspectives

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1 Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences World Forum on China Studies Selected Papers from the 2 nd World Forum on China Studies (Abstracts) Panel 12 Shanghai's Development in Multi-scaled Perspectives Contents: 1. High -tech Taiwanese Industries Relocation into China: An Analysis from Global City-Regions Perspective By Hsiao-hung Chen (Taiwan, China) 2. Entry, Extension, Exit: Establishing an Alternative Model of the Global(izing)City-Region via Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta By Xiangming Chen (United States) 3. Shanghai: Manufacture-oriented City Returns to Service-oriented City By Wei Cheng (China) 4. The Development of Regional Integration in East Asia from the Viewpoint of Spatial Economics By Masahisa Fujita (Japan) 5. Globalizing Shanghai and Taipei: A Comparative Aspect By Tse-Kang Leng (Taiwan, China) 6. Shanghai, Hong Kong, Taipei and Beijing in the World City Network: Positions, Trends and Prospects By Peter Taylor (United Kingdom)

2 7. City Innovation and Population Development: Comparison Between Shanghai and the Major Cities in the World By Xuejin Zuo (China) Panel 12 Shanghai's Development in Multi-scaled Perspectives 1) High-tech Taiwanese Industries Relocation into China: An Analysis from Global City-Regions Perspective By Hsiao-hung Chen (Taiwan, China) Adopting Global City-regions perspective, this paper intends to explore cross-straits industrial relocation/investment for the past 15 years based on more than 3,000 Taiwanese business investment data gathered from Investment Commission, Ministry of Economic Affairs of Taiwan. Although the paper shall focuses more on the Taiwanese high-tech industries relocation into China, growing numbers of service industries relocation will also be touched upon wherever appropriate. Aside from global city-regions perspective, theories and propositions related to global city and urban governance would be applied to analyze and assess major regional economic development ties cross the Strait such as the Northern Taiwan Region, Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Bohai Surrounding Region. 2) Entry, Extension, Exit: Establishing an Alternative Model of the Global(izing)City-Region via Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta By Xiangming Chen (United States) Despite the renewed research interest in regions, the growing crucial middle role of regions in bridging and integrating global, national, and local economies remains understudied and less understood. This stronger, albeit varied role of regions turns them into more contested terrains where the diverse tensions and outcomes of economic and spatial integration, or lack of it, play out. These tensions and outcomes

3 stem from the interactions between the touch-down of global value chains, spatial clustering and restructuring, change in institutional governance, and simultaneous opportunities and constraints for local industrial upgrading in varied regional contexts. This paper re-examines these new regional dynamics through a focus on how the entry, extension, and exit of global values chains and the form and extent of spatial clustering and institutional change facilitate the development of Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta arguably the most dynamic manufacturing region in the world as a new globalizing city-region with distinctive Chinese characteristics. It sensitizes us to rethink the key assumptions of the global city and global city-region perspectives and refocus on a different set of analytical questions and issues that raise broader theoretical and practical implications for the literatures on global cities and regional development. 3) Shanghai: Manufacture-oriented City Returns to Service-oriented City By Wei Cheng (China) Shanghai was an international financial business city in the far east during the s. Because of its comprehensive business relation to the outside world, Shanghai has laid its significant foundation, and has shaped its relevant metropolitan culture to the outside world. Since 1950s, Shanghai has become an industrial city with its characteristics of manufacture in industrial structure and city spatial economy. At the beginning of 21th century, magnificent goal of building Shanghai into an international metropolitan has been clarified. Shanghai is determined to change its manufacture-oriented city into a city of service-oriented. The important elements of this transformation are as follows: 1. The economic activities has been changed from material consuming to the exploration of human capital and intangible asset. It has strengthened greatly the sustainable development in Shanghai and raised its level. 2. The city function has been changed from mainly supplying industrial products to service. It has strengthened greatly the leading organization function of Shanghai in the region and in the world. 3. The developing motive power has been changed from raising efficiency on a narrow scale of the city to the expansion of social economic volume of flow. It has greatly revived the city vitality with its market opportunities. 4. The city pattern has been changed from the geographical planning to setting up the networking based on a global net. Thus that building Shanghai into an important point city with its solid foundation in the global economic net work can be seen in the future. 4) The Development of Regional Integration in East Asia from the Viewpoint of Spatial Economics

4 By Masahisa Fujita (Japan) This paper examines, from the viewpoint of spatial economics, the evolution of regional integration in East Asia over the last few decades, and discuss the prospects and tasks of further integration in the future. Section 1 briefly overviews the globalization and regional integration in EU, NAFTA and East Asia in the past half-century. Section 2 introduces the basic framework of spatial economics which is often called the new economic geography. In particular, in order to facilitate our understanding of what have been happening recently in connection to globalization and regional integration, we examine here the general effects of decreasing transport costs (broadly defined) on the spatial distribution of economic activities. Given this theoretical framework of spatial economics, Section 3 and 4 examine closely the changing economic interdependency within East Asia as well as that between East Asia and the rest of the world over the last three decades. Next, Section 5 focuses on the regional diversity and disparity in East Asia. Finally, Section 6 compares the regional integration in EU with that in East Asia, and examines the tasks and prospects of further promotion of East Asian integration. 5) Globalizing Shanghai and Taipei: A Comparative Aspect By Tse-Kang Leng (Taiwan, China) This paper explores the interaction between forces of globalization and state intervention in transitional cities. The cases of Shanghai and Taipei are selected to demonstrate the dilemma of localization and globalization in Taiwan and mainland China s biggest urban regions. Shanghai has endeavored to create and rebuild its global city status since the early 1990s. The rebuilding process is different from the Western experience of service-oriented global city formation. The strong state intervention is rooted in the historical path of China s Socialist system in general and Shanghai s unique role in China s development since In order to deepen globalization and promote sustainable development in the next stage, integrating mechanisms of collaborative local governance has become an urgent task for Shanghai in the foreseeable future. On the other hand, Taipei needs to balance forces of localization and globalization to upgrade its status in the world cities. In order to achieve breakthrough under current political constraints, Taipei has endeavored to create coordinative mechanism to strengthen city government capacities and accommodate rising voices from the civil society. The first part of this paper will introduce transitional dynamics of globalization on the role of local government and local governance, followed by the discussion of the developmental state model of state intervention of national development. The case of Shanghai and Taipei are introduced to demonstrate that the developmental trajectory is produced collectively

5 by strong state intervention and globalization. The concluding part pinpoints the research agenda for studying Shanghai and Taipei in the future. 6) Shanghai, Hong Kong, Taipei and Beijing in the World City Network: Positions, Trends and Prospects By Peter Taylor (United Kingdom) The world city network is defined by the inter-city relations consequent upon the globalization of advanced producer services. This world city network formation is modelled as an interlocking network wherein global service firms interlock cities through their everyday business. Thus the firms are the agents of the process whose outcome is the world city network. Since firms are the agents it is they who are studied in order to understand the cities. This paper reports on research that covers 100 global service firms and their offices across 315 cities worldwide. Data were collected in 2000 and 2004 enabling two cross-sectional analyses plus 2000 to 2004 change analysis. The focus is on the four greater China world cities with comparisons to the six other Pacific Asian world cities: Bangkok, Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, Seoul, Singapore and Tokyo. The following empirical questions are answered: 1. How well are the Chinese cities integrated into the world city network? This is answered by reference to their network connectivities in 2000 and Are the Chinese cities improving their position in the early twenty first century? This is answered by computing standardized changes in connectivity, How well integrated are the Chinese cities connected as a subnet in the world city network and in the network s Pacific Asian sector? This is answered in two ways: (i) through checking actual inter-city relations estimates, and (ii) through abstracting Chinese cities from configuration analyses of the world city network. 4. What are the main world-regional links of the Chinese cities within the world city network? Answering this question involves computing the hinterworlds of the cities; results are presented regionally. Interpretation of these results provides a basis for discussion of the shortand medium-term prospects of the Greater China cities. This requires a theoretical appreciation of external relations in the economic change of city-regions. Such a framework is provided by locating the interlocking network model of cities within Jane Jacobs ideas on cities in the expansion of economic life. 7) City Innovation and Population Development: Comparison Between Shanghai and the Major Cities in the World By Xuejin Zuo (China)

6 Population and labor force are the elementary resources and motive power of the development and innovation in a city, region and nation. Innovation means talented persons are needed first of all. The author studies the difference of population and talents development between Shanghai and the other cities in the world in perspective of population development. By empirical research it shows that there exists some gaps of population and talents in the process of city innovative between Shanghai and other international cities. This paper firstly compares Shanghai with other international cities like New York, London, Tokyo & etc. by different way of population growth and expansion. Secondly, under the background of global city net and globalization it studies and judges the floating population in Shanghai by comparing the indexes such as the proportions of immigration, international talents and so on. Thirdly, the population structure in metropolitan cities of Shanghai, New York, London, Tokyo & etc are compared. By this comparison we can see the difference at various levels of Shanghai in its composition of human capital, technical masters, labor force from local and outside. At last in order to promote city innovation some suggestive policies concerning population development and talents management are put forward. Source: 11/2006