Meteorology. Chapter 15 Worksheet 1

Transcription

1 Chapter 15 Worksheet 1 Meteorology Name: Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer 1) The Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle are examples of locations determined by: a) measuring systems. b) astronomy. c) the Köppen classification system. d) climate. 2) The primary factor which determines whether a place will have a dry climate is: a) its elevation. b) how much evaporation occurs. c) whether evaporation exceeds precipitation. d) its distance to a large water body. 3) Which pair of elements is the most important in a climatic description? a) wind and pressure b) cloud cover and humidity c) temperature and precipitation d) precipitation and pressure e) pressure and temperature 4) Which one of the following statements is correct regarding classification? a) The very first climatic classification was devised by Wladimir Köppen. b) A major goal is order and simplicity. c) Climatology and biology are the only disciplines that use classification. d) Boundaries, like those on a map of world climates, should be regarded as fixed. 5) The Köppen climate classification system has boundaries defined according to: a) vegetation patterns. b) rainfall patterns. c) solar radiation receipt. d) average annual cloud cover. 6) Four of the five major climatic groups listed below have temperature characteristics as their basis. Which one of them does not? a) A climates b) B climates c) C climates d) D climates e) E climates

2 7) The first known attempt at classifying climates was made by: a) Galileo. b) ancient Romans. c) ancient Greeks. d) Islamic scholars. 8) The Köppen classification uses all of the following criteria to classify climates EXCEPT: a) mean monthly temperature. b) mean annual precipitation. c) mean monthly humidity. d) mean monthly precipitation. e) All four criteria are required. 9) Climates with an average temperature during the coldest month between 3 C and 18 C are part of the climates according to the Köppen climate system. a) A b) B c) C d) D 10) The latitude of a place is important for its climate since latitude determines: a) Sun radiation receipt. b) elevation. c) temperature. d) distance from the Sun. 11) In general, climate boundaries: a) cannot be determined with adequate cloud cover data. b) are difficult to determine. c) do not shift from year to year. d) are broad transition zones and not sharp lines. 12) A perusal of a world climate map shows that similar climates are located: a) at similar longitudes. b) at similar elevations. c) at similar latitudes. d) on similar continents. 13) The most important determinant of temperature overall is: A) latitude. B) distribution of land and water. C) prevailing winds. D) position of mountains and highlands. E) ocean currents.

3 (A) (B) 14) Of the two climate diagrams shown above, the one that most likely represents a Southern Hemisphere location is: a) Diagram A only. b) Diagram B only. c) both Diagram A and Diagram B d) neither Diagram A nor Diagram B. 15) Regarding the latitude of the two locations represented on the climate diagrams above, what can be said? a) The location of Diagram A is probably at a lower latitude than the location of Diagram B. b) The location of Diagram A is probably at a higher latitude than the location of Diagram B. c) The two locations are probably at a similar latitude. d) There is not enough information to speculate about the latitude of these locations. 16) Other than elevation, what can we say for certain that these two locations have in common? a) They both have dry summers. b) They both have wet summers. c) They are both coastal communities. d) They are both located on inland continents. 17) Mountain ranges play an important role in determining climates because of their influence upon: a) air density. b) air pressure. c) solar heating. d) land and water contrasts. e) rainfall distribution. 18) Which of these is closely linked to the location of the major pressure and wind systems? a) ocean currents b) location of mountains and highlands c) evaporation sources d) rainfall patterns

4 19) The locations of the major pressure and wind systems on the earth: a) move as they follow the vertical rays of the Sun. b) are fixed by the poles and equator. c) are denoted by parallels of latitude. d) do not change with the seasons. e) are fixed by astronomy. 20) Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the tropical rain forest? a) It does not have the same vegetation pattern as a jungle. b) Plant foliage is relatively sparse on the forest floor. c) The trees of the tropical rain forest are broadleaf evergreens. d) It is dominated by just a few different species of trees. 21) The tropical rain forest is characterized by: a) deciduous trees. b) a great diversity of plant species. c) wet winters and dry summers. d) the dominance of conifers. e) a complete lack of sunshine. Circle T if the statement is true or F if the statement is false T F 22) A climate is classified as "dry" if it receives less than 30 centimeters of rain annually, on average. T F 23) The primary control of solar radiation at a place is altitude. T F 24) Climatic boundaries, such as those shown on a world map of climate regions, fluctuate very little from year to year and should be regarded as fixed T F 25) Tropical climates are not found within the continental United States. T F 26) London and Vancouver are both found in marine west coasts climates. T F 27) At the same latitude, a continental climate is usually more extreme than a marine climate. T F 28) Mountains often have rainy climates on their windward slopes and dry climates on their leeward slopes. T F 29) The seasonal migration of the equatorial low is not extensive enough to impact precipitation regimes. T F 30) The tropical rain forest consists primarily of jungle. T F 31) Climate zones near the equator have larger temperature changes from day to night than from month to month. T F 32) Laterite soils are widely praised by farmers for their ability to grow a wide variety of crops at high yields.

5 Answer the following questions 33. The best known system for determining world climate patterns is the. 34. For Köppen, the best demonstrated the totality of a climate. 35. Give a brief definition of the term climate.