Explain the differences between Geographical Information System (GIS) and other information system as the following:

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1 SECTION A : 50 MARKS BAHAGIAN A : 50 MARKAH INSTRUCTION: This section consists of TWO (2) structured questions. Answer ALL questions. ARAHAN: Bahagian ini mengandungi DUA (2) soalan struktur. Jawab SEMUA soalan QUESTION 1 SOALAN 1 Describe the following terms : Jelaskan istilah-istilah berikut i. Data [5 marks] Data ii. Spatial data Data spatial [3 marks] iii. Attribute data Data atribut [3 marks] Explain the differences between Geographical Information System (GIS) and other information system as the following: Nyatakan perbezaan antara Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) dengan sistem maklumat seperti di bawah i. Computer Aided Design (CAD) [3 marks] Computer Aided Design (CAD) ii. Data Base Management System (DBMS) [3 marks] Sistem Pengurusan Pangkalan Data (DBMS) 2 SULIT

2 Describe the following sub-systems of a Geographical Information System (GIS) Huraikan sub sistem bagi Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) i. Manipulation and analysis [4 marks] Manipulasi dan analisis [4 markah] ii. Output and visualization Hasil dan visualisasi [4 marks] [4 markah] QUESTION 2 SOALAN 2 CLO3 Briefly describe the role of the following agencies in the development of the national geospatial industry: Terangkan dengan ringkas peranan yang dimainkan oleh agensi berikut dalam perkembangan industri geospatial negara: i. Malaysian Centre for Geospatial Data Infrastructure (MaCGDI) [3 marks] Pusat Infrastruktur Data Geospatial Malaysia ii. Malaysian Center of Remote Sensing (MACRES). [2 marks] Agensi Remote Sensing Malaysia (ARSM) [2 markah] iii. Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia [2 marks] Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia (JUPEM) [2 markah] CLO3 C3 Relate GIS application to the following areas: Kaitkan aplikasi GIS dalam bidang-bidang yang berikut: i. Forestry [6 marks] Perhutanan ii. Education [6 marks] Education iii. Health [6 marks] Kesihatan 3 SULIT

3 SECTION B: 50 MARKS BAHAGIAN B: 50 MARKAH INTRUCTION: This section consists of FOUR (4) structured questions. Answer TWO (2) questions only. ARAHAN: Bahagian ini mengandungi EMPAT (4) soalan struktur. Jawab DUA (2) soalan sahaja. QUESTION 1 SOALAN 1 There are many methods for data entry such as using a scanner, digitizing and key board. Explain in detail the data entry using a key board. Terdapat banyak kaedah untuk kemasukan data seperti melalui mesin pengimbas, pendigitan dan papan kekunci. Terangkan dengan jelas kemasukan data melalui papan kekunci. [5 marks] C3 There are many errors in GIS data that can cause the quality of the data to be questionable. List FIVE (5) types of errors in GIS data and give examples for every error. Terdapat banyak ralat data di dalam GIS yang menyebabkan kualiti data dipersoalkan. Senaraikan LIMA (5) jenis ralat data dan berikan contoh setiap satunya. [10 marks] [10 markah] Spatial accuracy is one of the most important elements in the quality of data. It includes absolute and relative accuracy. Explain the differences between absolute and relative accuracy. 4 SULIT

4 Ketepatan spatial merupakan salah satu elemen terpenting di dalam kualiti data. Ia merangkumi ketepatan mutlak dan relative. Huraikan perbezaan ketepatan mutlak dan relatif. [10 marks] [10 markah] QUESTION 2 SOALAN 2 Spatial data can be divided into two forms namely raster and vector. Briefly explain both data. Data spatial boleh dibahagikan kepada dua iaitu raster dan vector. Terangkan keduanya. [5 marks] Explain the following terms: i. Digital Terrain Model (DTM) [5 marks] ii. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) [5 marks ] Terangkan maksud perkataan berikut: i. DTM ii. DEM Explain in detail the advantages and disadvantages of vector data model. Terangkan dengan jelas kelebihan dan kekurangan model data vector. [10 marks ] [10 markah ] 5 SULIT

5 QUESTION 3 SOALAN 3 Describe Database Management System (DBMS). Jelaskan Sistem Pengurusan Pangkalan Data (DBMS). [5 marks] Sketch the following database model: C3 i. Hierarchical ii. Network Lakarkan model pangkalan data berikut; i. Hirarki ii. Rangkaian [6 marks] The most common database model is the relational database model. With the aid of a diagram explain relational database model. Model pangkalan data yang paling biasa digunakan adalah model pangkalan data perhubungan. Dengan bantuan gambarajah, terangkan model pangkalan data perhubungan. [14 marks] [14 markah] 6 SULIT

6 QUESTION 4 SOALAN 4 Explain the buffering analysis in GIS field. Jelaskan analisis penimbal di dalam bidang GIS. [4 marks] [4 markah] Explain the application of vector overlay analysis as follows : Jelaskan aplikasi analisis tindanan vector seperti berikut : i. Point-in-polygon Titik-dalam-poligon ii. Line-in-polygon Garis-dalam-poligon iii. Polygon-in-polygon Poligon-dalam-polygon [9 marks] [9 markah] Differentiate between Neighborhood analysis and Route tracing using suitable examples. Bezakan antara analysis kejiranan dan analysis pengesanan laluan menggunakan contoh yang sesuai. [12 marks] [12 markah] SOALAN TAMAT 7 SULIT