Geographic Information Systems A GIS Primer for Public Health. Capacity Building Workshop October 19, 2009

Transcription

1 Geographic Information Systems A for Public Health Capacity Building Workshop October 19, 2009

2 Agenda Welcome (:10) OAHPP GIS Workshop Series (:10) GIS: A Four Letter Word (:10) The Fundamentals (:30) 15 MINUTE BREAK Explorations in Public Health (1:15) Key Challenges (:15) Q &A (:15) 2

3 Agenda Welcome (:10) OAHPP GIS Workshop Series (:10) GIS: A Four Letter Word (:10) The Fundamentals (:30) 15 MINUTE BREAK Explorations in Public Health (1:15) Key Challenges (:15) Q &A (:15) 3

4 A Little Fun Before We Get Started Directions Please? Geo-literacy is mainstream. What is Geocaching? Google Street View Fun OAHPP Parade 4

5 Agenda Welcome (:10) OAHPP GIS Workshop Series (:10) GIS: A Four Letter Word (:10) The Fundamentals (:30) 15 MINUTE BREAK Explorations in Public Health (1:15) Key Challenges (:15) Q &A (:15) 5

6 OAHPP GIS Workshop Series Developing a Geospatial Decision Support System (GDSS) that enables decision makers to visualize the dynamics of infectious disease outbreaks; Collaborators : Peel Public Health KFL&A Public Health Ontario Agency for Health Protection & Promotion Infonaut Inc. University of Waterloo GeoConnections 6

7 OAHPP Workshops Building Capacity Build capacity for sustained, increased use of geomatics and the Canadian Geospatial Data Interchange (CGDI) within Peel Pubic Health and the province s 35 other health units; Build capacity strategically and sustainably using a regional expertise model; OAHPP can coordinate increased geomatics capacity to benefit the 36 health units and other stakeholders. 7

8 OAHPP Workshops Overall Objectives Increasing the GIS knowledge base across the Ontario public health community; Knowledge sharing within the Ontario public health community; Enhancing the socialized knowledge network of the Ontario public health community; Increasing interoperability of applications and data within the Ontario public health community and across provinces and sectors through improved understanding of the CGDI and its benefits. 8

9 Workshop 1: Objectives for Today Understand the Fundamental Concepts of GIS, its benefits and its value to public health research & practice. Explore Examples of GIS adding value to the Public health field; Identify Key Challenges, including sources of bias and sociotechnical challenges; Connect and Establish a Community to engage in a useful group discussion about GIS for public health in Ontario; Everyone is encouraged to participate and contribute their unique perspective, expertise and lessons-learned to the discussion. 9

10 Workshop 2: Public Health GIS across Ontario Knowledge-sharing opportunity, featuring a cross section of public health-oriented GIS initiatives; Representatives from the field are invited to present their public health GIS projects; Sharing knowledge & techniques, identifying project synergies and broadening smaller regional projects. Who Should Attend? Anyone interested in the geographic nature of public health, innovative technology for public health, communicating with stakeholders and the public. Join the proceedings by submitting an abstract! 10

11 Workshop 3: Interoperability & the CGDI Introduction of GIS interoperability standards, with specific focus on the Canadian Geospatial Data Infrastructure (CGDI); Benefits CGDI standards, concrete examples and success stories; Groundwork for the CGDI strategic vision, to enable access to the authoritative and comprehensive sources of Canadian geospatial information to support decision-making. Who Should Attend? Interested in creating / establishing geospatial tools and data shared with federal, provincial/territorial, municipal and / or international jurisdictions. Casual interest in data / system interoperability: developers, GIS analysts, data analysts, project managers, champions of GIS 11

12 Workshop 4: Advanced Topics in GIS Advanced topics in GIS for those with an interest in GIS tool development; Technologies and approaches that can jumpstart and enhance GIS system development. Who Should Attend? More technical in nature than the previous sessions; System developers, analysts, project managers, and those who are interested in development of geospatial tools / applications. 12

13 About Infonaut Location-based Business Intelligence for Healthcare; Combine GIS, location data and RTLS devices (e.g. RFID) with Business Intelligence to transform healthcare; Solution specialist for government agencies, public health, hospitals and regional health authorities; Key partnerships with academia, non-profit organizations and the private sector. 13

14 Agenda Welcome (:10) OAHPP GIS Workshop Series (:10) GIS: A Four Letter Word (:10) The Fundamentals (:30) 15 MINUTE BREAK Explorations in Public Health (1:15) Key Challenges (:15) Q &A (:15) 14

15 What is GIS? a computer assisted technology that links geography to many different types of data - creating analytical frameworks for representing, visualizing and understanding spatial relationships. A GIS typically includes: Software Hardware Data (Spatial data & Attribute Data) People (Expertise) Methods & Techniques 15

16 GIS: Improving Understanding Source: Candace Nykiforuk (2006). Visualizing Context: Using GIS as a Research Tool in Health Promotion.

17 GIS: Bringing Data Together

18 Agenda Welcome (:10) OAHPP GIS Workshop Series (:10) GIS: A Four Letter Word (:10) The Fundamentals (:30) 15 MINUTE BREAK Explorations in Public Health (1:15) Key Challenges (:15) Q &A (:15) 18

19 Tabular vs. Spatial Data Source: Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority. Retrieved Online from:

20 Features Source:

21 Features Source:

22 Attributes Source: US Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved Online from:

23 Point Features 23

24 Points Features with Buffer 24

25 Polygon Features 25

26 Polygons - Result of Analysis 26

27 Polygons - Result of Analysis 27

28 Points & Polygons - Analysis 28

29 Line Features tD3S9WI/AAAAAAAAA64/IFm4NTsj1x4/image_thumb6.png?imgmax=800

30 Lines Result of Analysis 30

31 Geocoding 31

32 Spatial Analysis Source: Courtesy of the Champlain Local Health Integration Network

33 Geography as Content Navigation 33

34 Visualization / Communication 34

35 GIS Applications ( Uses ) Source:

36 Data Compilation Digitizing; Attribute loading; Topological editing. Geographic locations of health units, hospitals, long term care homes, communities ; Assignment of attributes: tombstone data, bed census, populations; Locations & boundaries change; 36

37 Infrastructure Management Inventory Management; System Integration. Stockpile locations, points of distribution, number of available beds, human resources, costs; Linking data by common geography (e.g. common postal code, municipality). 37

38 Descriptive Thematic Mapping; Integrated Planning. Incidence and prevalence of disease; outbreak monitoring, populations at risk; Targeting interventions, resource allocation, environmental health. 38

39 Predictive Exploratory Analysis; Forecasting; Predictive Modeling. Spatiotemporal trending; agentbased models, network models. Testing and improving emergency planning. Improving readiness. 39

40 Prescriptive Simulations; Situation-generating theories. Merging surveillance data with predictive models to achieve situational awareness; Enhanced decision-support. 40

41 Agenda Welcome (:10) OAHPP GIS Workshop Series (:10) GIS: A Four Letter Word (:10) The Fundamentals (:30) 15 MINUTE BREAK Explorations in Public Health (1:15) Key Challenges (:15) Q &A (:15) 41

42 Agenda Welcome (:10) OAHPP GIS Workshop Series (:10) GIS: A Four Letter Word (:10) The Fundamentals (:30) 15 MINUTE BREAK Explorations in Public Health (1:15) Key Challenges (:15) Q &A (:15) 42

43 Visualization & Communication 43

44 Simplified Map of London 44

45 Hotspot Analysis 45

46 Hotspot Analysis 46

47 Heat Map / Continuous Surface 47

48 Drive Time Analysis 48

49 Cartogram (Public Health Spending) 49 Source:

50 Informational Poster 50

51 Portal: Global Health Facts 51 Source:

52 WHO Portal : Global Health Observatory 52 Source: /

53 ICES Portal: intool 53 Source:

54 Toronto Star - Map of the Week Mash-up 54 Source:

55 Map in the Dashboard Paradigm 55

56 PAHO H1N1 Surveillance Dashboard 56 Source:

57 Public Health Intelligence NZ 57 Source:

58 UK Association of PH Observatories 58 Source:

59 Syphilis on the Rise 59 Source:

60 Syndromic Surveillance 60 Source: QPHI

61 RODS Mapplot Module 61 Source: QPHI

62 RODS Mapplot Module 62 Source: QPHI

63 Real-time Reporting to the Public 63 Source:

64 Flu Trends 64 Source:

65 HealthMap Global Disease Alerts 65 Source:

66 Sentinel Placement Calculator 66 Source:

67 Modeling 67

68 H1N1: US Pandemic Spread Simulation 68 Source:

69 Peel Public Health: ID Simulation 69

70 BioDiaspora: Air Traffic 70 Source:

71 OASIS: An Integrated Tool Set in GA 71 Source:

72 Agenda Welcome (:10) OAHPP GIS Workshop Series (:10) GIS: A Four Letter Word (:10) The Fundamentals (:30) 15 MINUTE BREAK Explorations in Public Health (1:15) Key Challenges (:15) Q &A (:15) 72

73 Data Includes current data, available data, any new data required; Every project is a data project; Quality is always a major concern (GIGO!). Two key principles include: Standards. Ontario has several key data in place, and standards to support these. Maintenance at Source. The GIS should support the sharing and integration of these with others as appropriate to the business requirements. 73

74 Data Quality - Accuracy vs. Precision Just because you can map it, don t presume it s in the right place!! 74 Source: Marc LeFebvre, Champlain LHIN

75 Outliers Source: John Lohrenz, CE LHIN

76 Mark Monmonier: How to lie with maps 125 N o. 100 of 75 C S D s NB-5 NB EI-5 Q-4 76 Source: Marc LeFebvre, Champlain LHIN

77 Human Resource Capacity Success rests with the people involved; Important to gain a good understanding of the current use and understanding of GIS; New technology often (like GIS) = new responsibilities and roles in a number of areas including the incorporation of new services and supporting technologies within existing personnel. 77

78 Without geography, you re nowhere - Jimmy Buffet

79 Agenda Welcome (:10) OAHPP GIS Workshop Series (:10) GIS: A Four Letter Word (:10) The Fundamentals (:30) 15 MINUTE BREAK Explorations in Public Health (1:15) Key Challenges (:15) Q &A (:15) 79

80 Questions? Comments? Haiku Summary of the Day? 80

81 Thank You! For more information please contact: Infonaut: Matt McPherson President & COO