Social Science Data for High Latitudes
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1 LCLUC Science Team Meeting High Latitudes in the Context of the International Polar Year Social Science Data for High Latitudes 2 May 2008 Dr. Robert S. Chen Director and Senior Research Scientist, CIESIN Manager, NASA Socioeconomic Data & Applications Center Secretary-General, CODATA
2 Main Sources of Socioeconomic Data Data Types Censuses, surveys, registries Administrative & transactional records Ground-based studies & surveys In situ sensors, monitors Field reports, records Press reports Maps Data Sources Governments Multinational agencies (UN) National-level government agencies State and local Nongovernmental organizations Research communities Business 2
3 Traditional View of the World by Country 192 United Nations member states, ranging from: Tuvalu with 10,000 people and just 32 km 2 China with 1.28 billion people and 9.2 million km 2 Russia with 16.7 million km 2 Subnational data more difficult to collect and compare Szechuan Province of China about same size and population as France
4 Subnational Administrative Boundary and Population Density Data
5 Arctic Urban Extents from GRUMP GRUMP = Global Rural Urban Mapping Project Combines stable night lights with administrative boundary and population Settlement points Urban extents Urban-rural gridded population density 5
6 Urban Settlements Global Rural Urban Mapping Project (GRUMP) 6
7 Distribution of Recent Population Growth Coastal and island areas under extreme pressure; some are very vulnerable Cultivated areas second in terms of growth in population density Polar regions experiencing a decrease in total population
8 The Human Footprint, Version 2 ~80% of world s land surface has been significantly altered by direct human transformation
9 The Last of the Wild, Version 2 9
10 Natural Disaster Hotspots Exposure Hazards examined: drought, flood, landslides, earthquakes, volcanoes, cyclones
11 Natural Disaster Hotspots Mortality Areas of high relative risk based on historic mortality
12 Natural Disaster Hotspots Economic Losses Areas of high relative risk based on economic losses Areas of high relative risk based on historic loss data 12
13 PLACE II Data Set Summary statistics for 228 nations, 1990 and 2000 Land and population by zones of population density, coastal proximity, climate, elevation and biomes Map gallery 13
14 Environmental Sustainability Data Ranks countries by progress towards environmental sustainability 14
15 IPCC Socioeconomic Data Distribution Centre Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) data IS92 scenarios Baseline socioeconomic datasets New observed climate impacts database (in process) Possible new scenario data activities
16 Past Emerging Infectious Disease Events 355 EID events georeferenced Reporting bias corrected for Hypothesized drivers overlaid Relationships analyzed statistically
17 Global Roads Data Under Development No recent public domain intercity roads data for research and applications CODATA Working Group formed Alternative approaches being explored, e.g.: ASTER algorithm GPS, Landsat, maps Open Street Map model Data buy from commercial sources Some combination 17
18 IPY Data and Information Service IPY data access organized by IPY- DIS Co-chairs, Mark Parsons & Taco de Bruin Also a CODATA Working Group IPYDIS is working with World Data Center System to provide data support to orphaned IPY projects CIESIN WDC planning to work with up to 4 groups IPYDIS Directory: 18
19 CAVIAR: Community Adaptation & Vulnerability in Arctic Regions Eight countries involved Set of case studies focused on people & livelihoods in community context Current and future exposure and sensitivity Current and future adaptive capacities Data from interviews, focus groups, participant observations, selected informants, archival records, secondary sources 19
20 DADDI: Discovery, Access, and Delivery of Data for IPY NASA ACCESS project involving 3 data centers NSIDC ORNL SEDAC Third year just begun Reduced funding Focused on OGCcompliant data visualization and access Integrated social and Earth science data 20
21 DADDI Working Prototype Search System Currently searches 4 catalogs: NSIDC CIESIN CCIN GCMD Based on ORNL s Mercury System 21
22 Example DADDI Search Results Simple filtering of results Relevance indicator Links to data 22
23 SEDAC Polar Map Viewer Prototype Supports WMS, WFS, WCS Supports Web Map Context (WMC) Working on projection issues 23
24 Service Interoperability Demo at GeoNorth Conference in Yellowknife, Canada Open Compusult Web Map Context (WMC) document in SEDAC mapping client 24
25 Additional Data Layers: Caribou & Permafrost Caribou sightings during the calving season (from CARMA via Cubewerx WMS) Permafrost Extent from Arctic Climate Impact Assessment 25
26 Gaia client: SEDAC s urban extent vectors and populated places served via WFS 26
27 Permafrost and Population Data via Google Earth SEDAC and NSIDC data served via WMS Simple KML file to provide access to data
28 Desktop Mapping Application: TerraViva! SEDAC New version of TerraViva! SEDAC available in a week or so Provides visualization of multiple SEDAC and remote sensing datasets in integrated desktop application
29 GEOSS Registry 29
30 Agreed GEO Data Sharing Principles There will be full and open exchange of data, metadata, and products shared within GEOSS, recognizing relevant international instruments and national policies and legislation. All shared data, metadata, and products will be made available with minimum time delay and at minimum cost. All shared data, metadata, and products being free of charge or no more than cost of reproduction will be encouraged for research and education. GEOSS 10-Year Implementation Plan, adopted 16 February 2005 (emphasis added) 30
31 CODATA s Role in GEO In 2006, CODATA agreed to take on GEO Task DA Task extended into GEO Work Plan Task web site available at: 31
32 Proposed Guidelines in 8 Areas 1) Promoting implementation of the GEOSS Data Sharing Principles through the full and open exchange of data 2) Encouraging GEOSS users to reuse and re-disseminate shared data 3) Ensuring consistency with other national laws and policies and international agreements 4) Implementing pricing policies consistent with the GEOSS Data Sharing Principles 5) Reducing the time delays for making data available through GEOSS 6) Promoting research and education uses of GEOSS data 7) Developing metrics and indicators for GEOSS data sharing activities 8) Developing effective coordination and outreach mechanisms for implementing the GEOSS Data Sharing Principles 32
33 Longevity of Selected Universities, Government Agencies, and Other Institutions Harvard, 1636 William & Mary, 1693 Yale, 1701 U. Penn, 1740 Princeton, 1746 Columbia, 1754 Brown, 1764 Rutgers, 1766 Dartmouth, 1769 UNC, 1795 U. Maryland*, 1859 MIT, 1865 Stanford, 1891 Treasury, 1789 Library of Congress, 1800 Smithsonian Inst., 1846 NAS, 1863 AMNH, 1869 Dept. of Commerce, 1903 NY Public Library, 1911 ICSU, 1931 NARA, 1934 NSF, 1950 NASA, 1958 World Data Centers, 1958 NSSDC, 1966 CODATA, Year * Started as Maryland Agricultural College; Prep school during
34 Thanks! SEDAC CIESIN WDC IPY DIS DADDI CODATA 34
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