Demystifying Ontology
|
|
|
- Emil Warner
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Demystifying Ontology International UDC Seminar 2011 Classification & Ontology: Formal Approaches and Access to Knowledge 19 Sept 2011 Emad Khazraee, Drexel University Xia Lin, Drexel University
2 Agenda Introduction What is Ontology? Ontology Spectra Ontology Gamut Conclusion Q & A Discussion 19 September
3 Introduction This talk is aimed to be a motivation for a discussion The term ontology is used in different communities multifariously Scientific practice needs communication and cooperation Ontologies as a Boundary Objects 19 September
4 Introduction A cool ontology! 19 September
5 What is Ontology (or ontology)? Metaphysics, first philosophy Ontos and logos (being and word) Early 17 th century Jacob Lorhard Rudolf Göckel Formal ontology used by Husserl in Logical Investigation. Formal vs Formalized!! In 1980 s it emerged in computer & information community 19 September
6 What is Ontology (or ontology)? Ontology as a discipline ( O ) The attempt to answer the question of what is, of the kinds and structures of objects, properties, events, processes and relations (Smith & Welty) Definitive and exhaustive classification Ontology as artifact ( o ) An knowledge engineering artifact Designed for a purpose, Enable knowledge modeling, Uses a formal language 19 September
7 What is Ontology (or ontology)? Formal in two senses: First, deals with general categories such as thing, process, and matter and deploys these categories to codify what exists the use of symbolism in a deductive system Formal ontology and formalized ontology ontology-as-categorial-analysis (ontology_c) and ontology-as-technology (ontology_t) (Poli & Obrst) 19 September
8 What is Ontology (or ontology)? A formal specification of a conceptualization (Gruber,1993) Kinds and Structures as categories A set of terms or vocabulary can be structured to form a hierarchy or lattice A dictionary of terms formulated in a canonical syntax and with commonly accepted definitions designed to yield a lexical framework for knowledge-representation which can be shared by different communities (Smith, 2003) Definitions and a supporting framework of axioms. 19 September
9 Ontology Spectra Ontology spectrum based on formal semantics Adapted from (Daconta, Obrst & Smith, 2003) 19 September
10 Ontology Spectra Ontology spectrum based on formal structure adapted from (McGuinness, 2003) 19 September
11 Ontology Spectra Ontology spectrum based on formal complexity adopted from (Smith & Welty, 2001) 19 September
12 Ontology Spectra Ontology spectrum based on formality adopted from (Guarino, Oberle & Staab, 2009) 19 September
13 Ontology Spectra A set of axioms, i.e. a logical theory designed to capture the intended models corresponding to a certain conceptualization and to exclude unintended ones (Guarino, Oberle & Staab) An ontology is a formal theory within which not only definitions but also a supporting framework of axioms is included (Smith) 19 September
14 Ontology Gamut Each spectra underline one dimension Degree of semantics, expressivity, formality and complexity Semantic richness They are not necessarily positively correlated We propose to use two dimensions to have a better description (degree of formalization and semantic richness) Why not three? 19 September
15 Ontology Gamut 19 September
16 Ontology Gamut What do these dimensions mean? Difference in semantic richness and semantic specification (clearly refer to something) Three ontology families Main community of users of each family Audience of each family 19 September
17 Ontology Gamut This gamut can be considered as a clan of knowledge engineering artifacts This clan consists of three families of ontologies which have relations and shared interest Ontology as a discipline can be seen as the neighboring community Mutual benefits of this neighborhood 19 September
18 Ontology Gamut To what extent we can specify these two dimensions to be used operationally? How can we use ontologies as boundary objects? Boundary objects have different meanings in different social worlds but their structure is common enough to more than one world to make them recognizable, a means of translation. The creation and management of boundary objects is a key process in developing and maintaining coherence across intersecting social worlds. (Star, & Griesemer, 1989) 19 September
19 Demystifying Ontology International UDC Seminar 2011 Classification & Ontology: Formal Approaches and Access to Knowledge 19 Sept 2011 Thank You Questions & Discussion?
What Is an Ontology?
What Is an Ontology? Vytautas ČYRAS Vilnius University Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics Vilnius, Lithuania Vytautas.Cyras@mif.vu.lt http://www.mif.vu.lt/~cyras/ Based on: N. Guarino, D. Oberle, S.
A Methodology for the Development & Verification of Expressive Ontologies
A Methodology for the Development & Verification of Expressive Ontologies Ontology Summit 2013 Track B Megan Katsumi Semantic Technologies Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Modeling and Managing the Semantics of Geospatial Data and Services
Modeling and Managing the Semantics of Geospatial Data and Services Werner Kuhn, Martin Raubal, Michael Lutz Institute for Geoinformatics University of Münster (Germany) {kuhn, raubal, m.lutz}@uni-muenster.de
An OWL Ontology for Quantum Mechanics
An OWL Ontology for Quantum Mechanics Marcin Skulimowski Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Lodz, Poland mskulim@uni.lodz.pl Abstract. An OWL ontology
Key Words: geospatial ontologies, formal concept analysis, semantic integration, multi-scale, multi-context.
Marinos Kavouras & Margarita Kokla Department of Rural and Surveying Engineering National Technical University of Athens 9, H. Polytechniou Str., 157 80 Zografos Campus, Athens - Greece Tel: 30+1+772-2731/2637,
Realism and Idealism External Realism
Realism and Idealism External Realism Owen Griffiths oeg21@cam.ac.uk St John s College, Cambridge 8/10/15 What is metaphysics? Metaphysics is the attempt to: give a general description of the whole of
Knowledge representation DATA INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE WISDOM. Figure Relation ship between data, information knowledge and wisdom.
Knowledge representation Introduction Knowledge is the progression that starts with data which s limited utility. Data when processed become information, information when interpreted or evaluated becomes
Category Theory. Categories. Definition.
Category Theory Category theory is a general mathematical theory of structures, systems of structures and relationships between systems of structures. It provides a unifying and economic mathematical modeling
Bootstrapping Mathematics
Bootstrapping Mathematics Masahiko Sato Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University Mathematical Logic: Development and Evolution into Various Sciences Kanazawa, Japan March 9, 2012 Contents What
02 Propositional Logic
SE 2F03 Fall 2005 02 Propositional Logic Instructor: W. M. Farmer Revised: 25 September 2005 1 What is Propositional Logic? Propositional logic is the study of the truth or falsehood of propositions or
CIDOC-CRM Method: A Standardisation View. Haridimos Kondylakis, Martin Doerr, Dimitris Plexousakis,
The CIDOC CRM CIDOC-CRM Method: A Standardisation View Haridimos Kondylakis, Martin Doerr, Dimitris Plexousakis, Center for Cultural Informatics, Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and
cse541 LOGIC FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE
cse541 LOGIC FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE Professor Anita Wasilewska Spring 2015 LECTURE 2 Chapter 2 Introduction to Classical Propositional Logic PART 1: Classical Propositional Model Assumptions PART 2: Syntax
An Ontology Diagram for Coordination of the Hylomorphically Treated Entities
An Ontology Diagram for Coordination of the Hylomorphically Treated Entities Algirdas [0000-0001-6712-3521] Vilnius University, Vilnius, Universiteto g. 3, LT-01513, Lithuania algirdas.budrevicius@kf.vu.lt
A conceptualization is a map from the problem domain into the representation. A conceptualization specifies:
Knowledge Sharing A conceptualization is a map from the problem domain into the representation. A conceptualization specifies: What sorts of individuals are being modeled The vocabulary for specifying
Chapter 2: Introduction to Propositional Logic
Chapter 2: Introduction to Propositional Logic PART ONE: History and Motivation Origins: Stoic school of philosophy (3rd century B.C.), with the most eminent representative was Chryssipus. Modern Origins:
TOPOS THEORY IN THE FORMULATION OF THEORIES OF PHYSICS
TOPOS THEORY IN THE FORMULATION OF THEORIES OF PHYSICS August 2007 Chris Isham Based on joint work with Andreas Doering Theoretical Physics Group Blackett Laboratory Imperial College, London c.isham@imperial.ac.uk
OWL Semantics COMP Sean Bechhofer Uli Sattler
OWL Semantics COMP62342 Sean Bechhofer sean.bechhofer@manchester.ac.uk Uli Sattler uli.sattler@manchester.ac.uk 1 Toward Knowledge Formalization Acquisition Process Elicit tacit knowledge A set of terms/concepts
GEO-INFORMATION (LAKE DATA) SERVICE BASED ON ONTOLOGY
GEO-INFORMATION (LAKE DATA) SERVICE BASED ON ONTOLOGY Long-hua He* and Junjie Li Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China * Email: lhhe@niglas.ac.cn
Type Theory and Constructive Mathematics. Type Theory and Constructive Mathematics Thierry Coquand. University of Gothenburg
Type Theory and Constructive Mathematics Type Theory and Constructive Mathematics Thierry Coquand University of Gothenburg Content An introduction to Voevodsky s Univalent Foundations of Mathematics The
Spring 2018 Ling 620 The Basics of Intensional Semantics, Part 1: The Motivation for Intensions and How to Formalize Them 1
The Basics of Intensional Semantics, Part 1: The Motivation for Intensions and How to Formalize Them 1 1. The Inadequacies of a Purely Extensional Semantics (1) Extensional Semantics a. The interpretation
07 Practical Application of The Axiomatic Method
CAS 701 Fall 2002 07 Practical Application of The Axiomatic Method Instructor: W. M. Farmer Revised: 28 November 2002 1 What is the Axiomatic Method? 1. A mathematical model is expressed as a set of axioms
Semantic Granularity in Ontology-Driven Geographic Information Systems
Semantic Granularity in Ontology-Driven Geographic Information Systems Frederico Fonseca a Max Egenhofer b Clodoveu Davis c Gilberto Câmara d a School of Information Sciences and Technology Pennsylvania
Proseminar on Semantic Theory Fall 2013 Ling 720 First Order (Predicate) Logic: Syntax and Natural Deduction 1
First Order (Predicate) Logic: Syntax and Natural Deduction 1 A Reminder of Our Plot I wish to provide some historical and intellectual context to the formal tools that logicians developed to study the
Ling 130 Notes: Syntax and Semantics of Propositional Logic
Ling 130 Notes: Syntax and Semantics of Propositional Logic Sophia A. Malamud January 21, 2011 1 Preliminaries. Goals: Motivate propositional logic syntax and inferencing. Feel comfortable manipulating
Modal Logics. Most applications of modal logic require a refined version of basic modal logic.
Modal Logics Most applications of modal logic require a refined version of basic modal logic. Definition. A set L of formulas of basic modal logic is called a (normal) modal logic if the following closure
First Order Logic: Syntax and Semantics
CS1081 First Order Logic: Syntax and Semantics COMP30412 Sean Bechhofer sean.bechhofer@manchester.ac.uk Problems Propositional logic isn t very expressive As an example, consider p = Scotland won on Saturday
CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION TO CLASSICAL PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC
CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION TO CLASSICAL PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC 1 Motivation and History The origins of the classical propositional logic, classical propositional calculus, as it was, and still often is called,
Intelligent Systems. Propositional Logic. Dieter Fensel and Dumitru Roman. Copyright 2008 STI INNSBRUCK
Intelligent Systems Propositional Logic Dieter Fensel and Dumitru Roman www.sti-innsbruck.at Copyright 2008 STI INNSBRUCK www.sti-innsbruck.at Where are we? # Title 1 Introduction 2 Propositional Logic
Modern Algebra Prof. Manindra Agrawal Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur
Modern Algebra Prof. Manindra Agrawal Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur Lecture 02 Groups: Subgroups and homomorphism (Refer Slide Time: 00:13) We looked
Description Logics. an introduction into its basic ideas
Description Logics an introduction into its basic ideas A. Heußner WS 2003/2004 Preview: Basic Idea: from Network Based Structures to DL AL : Syntax / Semantics Enhancements of AL Terminologies (TBox)
September 13, Cemela Summer School. Mathematics as language. Fact or Metaphor? John T. Baldwin. Framing the issues. structures and languages
September 13, 2008 A Language of / for mathematics..., I interpret that mathematics is a language in a particular way, namely as a metaphor. David Pimm, Speaking Mathematically Alternatively Scientists,
Mappings For Cognitive Semantic Interoperability
Mappings For Cognitive Semantic Interoperability Martin Raubal Institute for Geoinformatics University of Münster, Germany raubal@uni-muenster.de SUMMARY Semantic interoperability for geographic information
Ontological Analysis! and Conceptual Modelling! an introduction
Ontological Analysis! and Conceptual Modelling! an introduction Nicola Guarino Italian National Research Council Institute for Cognitive Science and Technologies (ISTC-CNR) Laboratory for Applied Onotlogy
An Upper Ontology of Event Classifications and Relations
An Upper Ontology of Event Classifications and Relations Ken Kaneiwa and Michiaki Iwazume National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan Ken Fukuda National Institute of
Outline. Overview. Syntax Semantics. Introduction Hilbert Calculus Natural Deduction. 1 Introduction. 2 Language: Syntax and Semantics
Introduction Arnd Poetzsch-Heffter Software Technology Group Fachbereich Informatik Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Sommersemester 2010 Arnd Poetzsch-Heffter ( Software Technology Group Fachbereich
Learning Goals of CS245 Logic and Computation
Learning Goals of CS245 Logic and Computation Alice Gao April 27, 2018 Contents 1 Propositional Logic 2 2 Predicate Logic 4 3 Program Verification 6 4 Undecidability 7 1 1 Propositional Logic Introduction
Boolean Algebra and Propositional Logic
Boolean Algebra and Propositional Logic Takahiro Kato September 10, 2015 ABSTRACT. This article provides yet another characterization of Boolean algebras and, using this characterization, establishes a
Introduction to Kleene Algebras
Introduction to Kleene Algebras Riccardo Pucella Basic Notions Seminar December 1, 2005 Introduction to Kleene Algebras p.1 Idempotent Semirings An idempotent semiring is a structure S = (S, +,, 1, 0)
Axiomatized Relationships Between Ontologies. Carmen Chui
Axiomatized Relationships Between Ontologies by Carmen Chui A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science Graduate Department of Mechanical & Industrial
Philosophy 240: Symbolic Logic
Philosophy 240: Symbolic Logic Russell Marcus Hamilton College Fall 2014 Class #41 - Second-Order Quantification Marcus, Symbolic Logic, Slide 1 Second-Order Inferences P Consider a red apple and a red
Model theory, stability, applications
Model theory, stability, applications Anand Pillay University of Leeds June 6, 2013 Logic I Modern mathematical logic developed at the end of the 19th and beginning of 20th centuries with the so-called
HOLISM IN PHILOSOPHY OF MIND AND PHILOSOPHY OF PHYSICS
HOLISM IN PHILOSOPHY OF MIND AND PHILOSOPHY OF PHYSICS by MICHAEL ESFELD University of Konstanz, Germany, and University of Hertfordshire, England KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LONDON
Creative Objectivism, a powerful alternative to Constructivism
Creative Objectivism, a powerful alternative to Constructivism Copyright c 2002 Paul P. Budnik Jr. Mountain Math Software All rights reserved Abstract It is problematic to allow reasoning about infinite
02 Traditional Logic I
Martin Henz January 22, 2014 Generated on Wednesday 22 nd January, 2014, 09:51 1 Review: Agenda and Hallmarks 2 3 1 Review: Agenda and Hallmarks 2 3 First Agenda Find out in detail how formal systems work
Outline Introduction Background Related Rl dw Works Proposed Approach Experiments and Results Conclusion
A Semantic Approach to Detecting Maritime Anomalous Situations ti José M Parente de Oliveira Paulo Augusto Elias Emilia Colonese Carrard Computer Science Department Aeronautics Institute of Technology,
Structural Foundations for Abstract Mathematics
May 5, 2013 What no foundation can give us: Certainty What foundations need not give us: Ontological reduction What set theory gives us: Common language in which all mathematics can be encoded:,,,... Dispute
Structuring Logic with Sequent Calculus
Structuring Logic with Sequent Calculus Alexis Saurin ENS Paris & École Polytechnique & CMI Seminar at IIT Delhi 17th September 2004 Outline of the talk Proofs via Natural Deduction LK Sequent Calculus
Proseminar on Semantic Theory Fall 2013 Ling 720 Propositional Logic: Syntax and Natural Deduction 1
Propositional Logic: Syntax and Natural Deduction 1 The Plot That Will Unfold I want to provide some key historical and intellectual context to the model theoretic approach to natural language semantics,
Decidability of SHI with transitive closure of roles
1/20 Decidability of SHI with transitive closure of roles Chan LE DUC INRIA Grenoble Rhône-Alpes - LIG 2/20 Example : Transitive Closure in Concept Axioms Devices have as their direct part a battery :
Reverse Mathematics. Benedict Eastaugh December 13, 2011
Reverse Mathematics Benedict Eastaugh December 13, 2011 In ordinary mathematical practice, mathematicians prove theorems, reasoning from a fixed 1 set of axioms to a logically derivable conclusion. The
Fuzzy Answer Set semantics for Residuated Logic programs
semantics for Logic Nicolás Madrid & Universidad de Málaga September 23, 2009 Aims of this paper We are studying the introduction of two kinds of negations into residuated : Default negation: This negation
Model Theory MARIA MANZANO. University of Salamanca, Spain. Translated by RUY J. G. B. DE QUEIROZ
Model Theory MARIA MANZANO University of Salamanca, Spain Translated by RUY J. G. B. DE QUEIROZ CLARENDON PRESS OXFORD 1999 Contents Glossary of symbols and abbreviations General introduction 1 xix 1 1.0
Class 15: Hilbert and Gödel
Philosophy 405: Knowledge, Truth and Mathematics Spring 2008 M, W: 1-2:15pm Hamilton College Russell Marcus rmarcus1@hamilton.edu I. Hilbert s programme Class 15: Hilbert and Gödel We have seen four different
OKLAHOMA SUBJECT AREA TESTS (OSAT )
CERTIFICATION EXAMINATIONS FOR OKLAHOMA EDUCATORS (CEOE ) OKLAHOMA SUBJECT AREA TESTS (OSAT ) FIELD 125: MIDDLE LEVEL/INTERMEDIATE MATHEMATICS September 2016 Subarea Range of Competencies I. Number Properties
Examples: P: it is not the case that P. P Q: P or Q P Q: P implies Q (if P then Q) Typical formula:
Logic: The Big Picture Logic is a tool for formalizing reasoning. There are lots of different logics: probabilistic logic: for reasoning about probability temporal logic: for reasoning about time (and
02 The Axiomatic Method
CAS 734 Winter 2005 02 The Axiomatic Method Instructor: W. M. Farmer Revised: 11 January 2005 1 What is Mathematics? The essence of mathematics is a process consisting of three intertwined activities:
Outline. Structure-Based Partitioning of Large Concept Hierarchies. Ontologies and the Semantic Web. The Case for Partitioning
Outline Structure-Based Partitioning of Large Concept Hierarchies Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Michel Klein Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Motivation: The Case for Ontology Partitioning Lots of Pictures A Partitioning
Lecture 1: Overview. January 24, 2018
Lecture 1: Overview January 24, 2018 We begin with a very quick review of first-order logic (we will give a more leisurely review in the next lecture). Recall that a linearly ordered set is a set X equipped
What Is Ontology Merging?
What Is Ontology Merging? A Category-Theoretical Perspective Using Pushouts Pascal Hitzler and Markus Krötzsch and Marc Ehrig and York Sure Institute AIFB, University of Karlsruhe, Germany; {hitzler,mak,ehrig,sure}@aifb.uni-karlsruhe.de
Propositional Logic Arguments (5A) Young W. Lim 11/8/16
Propositional Logic (5A) Young W. Lim Copyright (c) 2016 Young W. Lim. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
Using C-OWL for the Alignment and Merging of Medical Ontologies
Using C-OWL for the Alignment and Merging of Medical Ontologies Heiner Stuckenschmidt 1, Frank van Harmelen 1 Paolo Bouquet 2,3, Fausto Giunchiglia 2,3, Luciano Serafini 3 1 Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Domain Modelling: An Example (LOGICAL) DOMAIN MODELLING. Modelling Steps. Example Domain: Electronic Circuits (Russell/Norvig)
(LOGICAL) DOMAIN MODELLING Domain Modelling: An Example Provision of a formal, in particular logical language for knowledge representation. Application of these means to represent the formal structure
Modular Reuse of Ontologies: Theory and Practice
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 31 (2008) 273-318 Submitted 07/07; published 02/08 Modular Reuse of Ontologies: Theory and Practice Bernardo Cuenca Grau Ian Horrocks Yevgeny Kazakov Oxford
INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC 8 Identity and Definite Descriptions
INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC 8 Identity and Definite Descriptions Volker Halbach The analysis of the beginning would thus yield the notion of the unity of being and not-being or, in a more reflected form, the
Axioms as definitions: revisiting Hilbert
Axioms as definitions: revisiting Hilbert Laura Fontanella Hebrew University of Jerusalem laura.fontanella@gmail.com 03/06/2016 What is an axiom in mathematics? Self evidence, intrinsic motivations an
Knowledge for expert systems in cartography
Knowledge for expert systems in cartography Jan BRUS 1, Zdena DOBEŠOVÁ 1, Jaromír KAŇOK 1 1 Department of Geoinformatics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Tř. Svobody 26, 771 46, Olomouc,
The roots of computability theory. September 5, 2016
The roots of computability theory September 5, 2016 Algorithms An algorithm for a task or problem is a procedure that, if followed step by step and without any ingenuity, leads to the desired result/solution.
MAGIC Set theory. lecture 1
MAGIC Set theory lecture 1 David Asperó University of East Anglia 15 October 2014 Welcome Welcome to this set theory course. This will be a 10 hour introduction to set theory. The only prerequisite is
Propositional logic (revision) & semantic entailment. p. 1/34
Propositional logic (revision) & semantic entailment p. 1/34 Reading The background reading for propositional logic is Chapter 1 of Huth/Ryan. (This will cover approximately the first three lectures.)
The Application of Gödel s Incompleteness Theorems to Scientific Theories
Abstract The Application of Gödel s Incompleteness Theorems to Scientific Theories Copyright Michael James Goodband, June 2012 It is shown that there-exist conditions for which scientific theories qualify
On relational interpretation of multi-modal categorial logics
Gerhard Jäger 1 On relational interpretation of multi-modal categorial logics Gerhard Jäger Gerhard.Jaeger@let.uu.nl Utrecht Institute of Linguistics (OTS) September 27, 2001 Gerhard Jäger 2 1 Outline
Logic. Propositional Logic: Syntax. Wffs
Logic Propositional Logic: Syntax Logic is a tool for formalizing reasoning. There are lots of different logics: probabilistic logic: for reasoning about probability temporal logic: for reasoning about
CHAPTER 11. Introduction to Intuitionistic Logic
CHAPTER 11 Introduction to Intuitionistic Logic Intuitionistic logic has developed as a result of certain philosophical views on the foundation of mathematics, known as intuitionism. Intuitionism was originated
Integrating Finite Element Analysis with Systems Engineering Models
Integrating Finite Element Analysis with Systems Engineering Models KONEKSYS Jerome Szarazi, Axel Reichwein July 26, 2016 This work was performed under the following financial assistance award NIST Grant
cse371/mat371 LOGIC Professor Anita Wasilewska Fall 2018
cse371/mat371 LOGIC Professor Anita Wasilewska Fall 2018 Chapter 7 Introduction to Intuitionistic and Modal Logics CHAPTER 7 SLIDES Slides Set 1 Chapter 7 Introduction to Intuitionistic and Modal Logics
Boolean Algebra and Propositional Logic
Boolean Algebra and Propositional Logic Takahiro Kato June 23, 2015 This article provides yet another characterization of Boolean algebras and, using this characterization, establishes a more direct connection
Topics in Lexical-Functional Grammar. Ronald M. Kaplan and Mary Dalrymple. Xerox PARC. August 1995
Projections and Semantic Interpretation Topics in Lexical-Functional Grammar Ronald M. Kaplan and Mary Dalrymple Xerox PARC August 199 Kaplan and Dalrymple, ESSLLI 9, Barcelona 1 Constituent structure
via Topos Theory Olivia Caramello University of Cambridge The unification of Mathematics via Topos Theory Olivia Caramello
in University of Cambridge 2 / 23 in in In this lecture, whenever I use the word topos, I really mean Grothendieck topos. Recall that a Grothendieck topos can be seen as: a generalized space a mathematical
Expressiveness, decidability, and undecidability of Interval Temporal Logic
University of Udine Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Expressiveness, decidability, and undecidability of Interval Temporal Logic ITL - Beyond the end of the light Ph.D. Defence Dario Della
03 Review of First-Order Logic
CAS 734 Winter 2014 03 Review of First-Order Logic William M. Farmer Department of Computing and Software McMaster University 18 January 2014 What is First-Order Logic? First-order logic is the study of
Proposition Knowledge Graphs. Gabriel Stanovsky Omer Levy Ido Dagan Bar-Ilan University Israel
Proposition Knowledge Graphs Gabriel Stanovsky Omer Levy Ido Dagan Bar-Ilan University Israel 1 Problem End User 2 Case Study: Curiosity (Mars Rover) Curiosity is a fully equipped lab. Curiosity is a rover.
Formal Ontology and Principles of Knowledge Organization: An Axiomatic Approach
Formal Ontology and Principles of Knowledge Organization: An Axiomatic Approach Heinrich Herre Ontologies and Knowledge-Based Systems Research Group Onto-Med, IMISE University Leipzig Heiner Benking Independent
Ontologies and Domain Theories
Ontologies and Domain Theories Michael Grüninger Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto gruninger@mie.utoronto.ca Abstract Although there is consensus that a formal ontology
Russell s logicism. Jeff Speaks. September 26, 2007
Russell s logicism Jeff Speaks September 26, 2007 1 Russell s definition of number............................ 2 2 The idea of reducing one theory to another.................... 4 2.1 Axioms and theories.............................
FROM BERTALANFFY TO DISCIPLINE-INDEPENDENT- TRANSDISCIPLINARITY. Vincent Vesterby 2944 NE Sawdust Hill Rd. Poulsbo, WA, USA
FROM BERTALANFFY TO DISCIPLINE-INDEPENDENT- TRANSDISCIPLINARITY Vincent Vesterby 2944 NE Sawdust Hill Rd. Poulsbo, WA, USA ABSTRACT When Bertalanffy advocated a new scientific discipline called general
Temporal Logic - Soundness and Completeness of L
Temporal Logic - Soundness and Completeness of L CS402, Spring 2018 Soundness Theorem 1 (14.12) Let A be an LTL formula. If L A, then A. Proof. We need to prove the axioms and two inference rules to be
De Finetti s ultimate failure. Krzysztof Burdzy University of Washington
De Finetti s ultimate failure Krzysztof Burdzy University of Washington Does philosophy matter? Global temperatures will rise by 1 degree in 20 years with probability 80%. Reading suggestions Probability
Logical Closure Properties of Propositional Proof Systems
of Logical of Propositional Institute of Theoretical Computer Science Leibniz University Hannover Germany Theory and Applications of Models of Computation 2008 Outline of Propositional of Definition (Cook,
The Logic of Partitions
The Logic of Partitions Introduction to the Dual of "Propositional" Logic David Ellerman Philosophy U. of California/Riverside U. of Ljubljana, Sept. 8, 2015 David Ellerman Philosophy U. of California/Riverside
Context-Sensitive Description Logics in a Dynamic Setting
Context-Sensitive Description Logics in a Dynamic Setting Satyadharma Tirtarasa 25.04.2018 RoSI - TU Dresden Role-based Software Infrastructures for continuous-context-sensitive Systems Overview Context-Sensitive
Artificial Intelligence. Propositional Logic. Copyright 2011 Dieter Fensel and Florian Fischer
Artificial Intelligence Propositional Logic Copyright 2011 Dieter Fensel and Florian Fischer 1 Where are we? # Title 1 Introduction 2 Propositional Logic 3 Predicate Logic 4 Reasoning 5 Search Methods
DESIGNING A CARTOGRAPHIC ONTOLOGY FOR USE WITH EXPERT SYSTEMS
DESIGNING A CARTOGRAPHIC ONTOLOGY FOR USE WITH EXPERT SYSTEMS Richard A. Smith University of Georgia, Geography Department, Athens, GA 30602 rasmith@uga.edu KEY WORDS: Ontology, Cartography, Expert Systems,
Set Theory: Forcing and Semantics. Roger Bishop Jones
Set Theory: Forcing and Semantics Roger Bishop Jones Contents Preface 2 1 Introduction 2 2 Semantic Logicism 3 2.1 formalism........................ 4 2.2 Some Notes on Carnap................. 4 3 Forcing
Topos Theory. Lectures 17-20: The interpretation of logic in categories. Olivia Caramello. Topos Theory. Olivia Caramello.
logic s Lectures 17-20: logic in 2 / 40 logic s Interpreting first-order logic in In Logic, first-order s are a wide class of formal s used for talking about structures of any kind (where the restriction
Knowledge Sharing. A conceptualization is a map from the problem domain into the representation. A conceptualization specifies:
Knowledge Sharing A conceptualization is a map from the problem domain into the representation. A conceptualization specifies: What sorts of individuals are being modeled The vocabulary for specifying
6. Conditional derivations
6. Conditional derivations 6.1 An argument from Hobbes In his great work, Leviathan, the philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) gives an important argument for government. Hobbes begins by claiming that
Revisit summer... go to the Fitzwilliam Museum!
Revisit summer... go to the Fitzwilliam Museum! Faculty of Philosophy Formal Logic Lecture 5 Peter Smith Peter Smith: Formal Logic, Lecture 5 2 Outline Propositional connectives, and the assumption of
Lecture Notes on Inductive Definitions
Lecture Notes on Inductive Definitions 15-312: Foundations of Programming Languages Frank Pfenning Lecture 2 September 2, 2004 These supplementary notes review the notion of an inductive definition and
THE LANGUAGE OF FIRST-ORDER LOGIC (FOL) Sec2 Sec1(1-16)
THE LANGUAGE OF FIRST-ORDER LOGIC (FOL) Sec2 Sec1(1-16) FOL: A language to formulate knowledge Logic is the study of entailment relationslanguages, truth conditions and rules of inference. FOL or Predicate
From syntax to semantics of Dependent Type Theories - Formalized
RDP 2015, Jun. 30, 2015, WCMCS, Warsaw. From syntax to semantics of Dependent Type Theories - Formalized by Vladimir Voevodsky from the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, NJ. I will be speaking