Tourism in Indonesia and Southern countries

Transcription

1 International Festival of Tourism - 1 rst Edition - Tourism in Indonesia and Southern countries - 2 nd Edition - A VECTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT? th of June, 2017, ESTHUA, University of Angers (France) With the support of ATREI (Association for Tourism Research and Education on Indonesia), Eso UMR 6590, Angers Tourism Lab, Angers Loire Metropole and Pays de la Loire Region In collaboration with Udayana University (Bali), Bali Sate Polytechnic (Bali), Sahid Institut (Jakarta) IFI (Institut Français Indonesia-French Embassy of Indonesia) and the Indonesian Embassy of France. The beginning of the 21st century is characterized by the access to tourism for a large part of society in the world, that constitutes the third touristic revolution (MIT, 2011; Violier and alii, 2016). This activity, that has deeply changed the relation to time and space in the western world since the 18 th century, is now conquering the expanding countries, such as China, Brazil, India, Indonesia, etc. This specific moment of adoption of an activity and its practices, gives a unique opportunity to analyze the various aspects of its growth. The integration of tourism dynamics by Indonesia and more generally Southern countries is particularly interesting to study, since it is often associated with economic growth, the development of a middle class and the strengthening of democracy. The development of international but also domestic tourism poses numerous questions, including the distribution of resources, as well as its social effects on communities, and environmental impacts - though it undoubtedly brings economic development. The development of tourism challenges its capacity to become a vector of sustainable development. But it also underscores the effects of the appropriation of tourism by the local population, as hosts, but also as tourists themselves. 1

2 The objective of the international conference Tourism in Indonesia and southern countries, created in 2014 in Bali through a partnership between ESTHUA, University of Angers, Udayana University, Bali State Polytechnic and Sahid Tourism Institute, is to analyze the effect of tourism, questioning more specifically in this second edition its potential for becoming a vector of sustainable development, understood in its more general sense. Within this framework, we will question its economic impact, as well as its social effects, on Indonesia and Southern countries. We are interested in knowing how extra income is redistributed to the local population and whether it affects, or on the contrary, strengthens the traditional organizations of the communities, bringing new actors, investors, decision-makers in the traditional social organization. The objective of the conference will also be to study the role of public and private actors on tourism development. How does tourism become a part of the local economy, and how does it affect the balance with more traditional activities, especially agriculture? Does it also change the place/role/influence of the localities into the national balance? Does it disturb, challenge, the ancient center-periphery models, between national center and touristic peripheries? Besides, we will question the plural effects of tourism on the local cultures. Does it threaten their specificities, highlight them, or in a more complex approach, contribute to refine and create them? We would also like to know if the interest of the foreigners allows for a phenomenon of reappropriation of its heritage by the local population, as in Europe. We will examine if tourism enables revitalization the local cultures, by helping new creations through the meeting of external influences, by syncretism and intercultural transfers. What are the relationships between tourism and the local culture, in countries where heritage is not necessary sanctuarized (as in the Western world), but embedded in daily life? Do the local communities find a balance between sharing and protecting their privacy? We will also address the issue of its impacts on the environment. How can tourism be used as a vector of protection and revitalization of nature, instead of being a destructive force? Can conservation and environmental management policies, which imply economic investment, be compatible with social stakes? The aim is to question the relevance of the Western concept of sustainable tourism and ecotourism when applied and enacted by local actors. We will also focus more particularly on the practices of tourism, questioning the interference in a process of attraction/avoiding, of international and domestic tourism, in countries where domestic tourism usually exceeds international tourism since the 21st century. We will analyze the cohabitation of both kinds of tourism do they share the same places, practices and motivation-, and examine the processes of appropriation of touristic practices by the different population. Are we observing a phenomenon of transfers, mutations or creations? Does the meeting of Western habits and Eastern cultural singularities produce new models of practices of tourism, by syncretism? Does the appropriation of tourism upset their traditional relations to community and environment, by absorbing Western behavior, such as the attraction for the ocean and beaches, quest for entertainment, partial undress on the beaches? Or do we observe a syncretism, between transfers and strong cultural resistances such as differentiated socialization, influenced by local traditions and religion? Does the globalization of tourism bring a homogenization of habits, erasing specifics between nations, or does it favor, on the contrary, innovations? 2

3 At last, we ll also question the importance of education and professionalism for tourism management in Indonesia and Southern countries. What is the actual situation of tourism education in those countries? What are the roles and the social situations of the professionals in tourism industry? Do we observe a net of small enterprises or a domination of big companies? How are they organized? Do we observe more competition or cooperation between them? How do they manage the modernity with the local traditional organizations (villages)? Are the multinational companies still dominating the market, or are national and/or local enterprises on the path to becoming leaders? In order to answer all these questions, we will propose four lines of analysis for the 2 nd edition of the international conference: Can Tourism in Indonesian and Southern countries be a vector of sustainable development? via: 1/ Tourists, practices and tourist destinations in Indonesia and Southern countries Practices and profiles of domestic tourists Practices and profiles of international tourists Destinations of domestic tourism Destinations of international tourism Accessibility and role of infrastructure on tourism destination area 2/ Economic and social effect of tourism, in Indonesia and Southern countries Diffusion of Tourism Tourism and its economic impact Tourism and its social effects: the redistribution of income to the population and its consequences on the traditional balances between the communities The transformation of center-peripheries models by tourism economy The role of private companies and public actors (government, local government) in sustainable tourism development 3/ Cultural effect of tourism in Indonesia and Southern countries: vector of transformation, revitalization or recreation of cultural and natural heritage Tourism and the local culture: between resistance, adaptation, and re-invention through innovation Relationship between tourism and a living heritage: an agent of revitalization of a culture threatened by the modernity brought by globalization? Tourism, integrating the process of the construction of local memory and heritage Tourism and its environmental impacts: a threat on nature or a chance for education about and protection of environment? 3

4 4/ Tourism Education, and Professional in Indonesia and Southern countries Stakes and problems of Education about tourism: levels, professionalization, access to education How can education can be an agent of sustainable development? Stakes of the education program; sensibility to sustainable development into the Tourism Management programs. Foreign languages among professionals of tourism: problem of Education and solutions Management information system in tourism industries Role of building services engineering for increasing services in tourism sector Health issues and their professional solutions in the context of tourism development Crime and security impacts on tourism business Professionals and Spiritual tourism Tourism enclave: its problems and solution according for the professionals Organization of the market: relation between local, national and international companies Organization, relations of cooperation, or competition, between the professionals of tourism; Management between the modernity of the market and the traditional local organization (village, family). The conference will also showcase presentations from the winners of the 2017 FITE competition (Forum for International Tourism and the Environment) organized by the IFI (Institut Français Indonesia). French, Indonesian and international students are being encouraged, in , to respond to a call for participation in this initiative that aims to challenge students to develop and defend business solutions promoting environmental sustainability in the Indonesian tourism industry. Students will first apply on-line with their written proposals, and top selections will be invited to Bandung in March 2017 to present their proposals live in front of top Tourism officials and executives. The winners will be invited to Angers to pitch and exhibit their proposed business solutions in the course of the conference. We encourage students to participate in this conference by entering the FITE competition, which will open mid-november All rules and indications for participation will be found on the website: The second edition of the international conference Tourism in Indonesia will be also the opening edition of the annual INTERNATIONAL FESTIVAL OF TOURISM organized by ESTHUA, University of Angers. Numerous cultural and professional festivities will be organized about international tourism radiance and Indonesian culture will be organized in this occasion in the city of Angers. 4

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6 Organization of the conference Proposals: The proposals must be in written in English and must be sent as Word or RTF document in English or in French, to the following address: The proposals should comprise: - The name of the author(s), his/her/their professional situation; his/her/their institution, University or company; - The title of the proposal; - Five key words; - An abstract of maximum 500 words, presenting the problematic and the stakes of the communication, the methodology and the results expected All submissions must be received no later than 15th of January 2017; the decision of the Scientific Committee will be sent to the contributors by 28th February Fees of registration: 2 days of conference of ESTHUA, University of f Angers, the 15 and 16th of June - 7 allée F. Mitterrand, Angers - Phone: (+33) euros for two days euros for one day - 50 euros by days for students Registration starting the 1rst April 2016 on the site of ESTHUA, University of Angers Scientific committee: Coordinator Scientific: Pickel Chevalier Sylvine, Associate Professor, Geographer, ESTHUA, ESO UMR 6590, University of Angers (France) Scientific committee: - Ardika, I Wayan, Full Professor, Heritage, Universitas Udayana (Indonesia) - Bendesa Dr I Komang Gde, Full Professor, Economy, Universitas Udayana (Indonesia) - Budarma Ketut, Doctor in Geography, Bali State Polytechnic (Indonesia) - Camus Sandra, Professor, Marketing, ESTHUA, GRAMEN, University of Angers (France) - Darma Putra, I Nyoman, Full Professor, Heritage and Communication, Universitas Udayana (Indonesia) 6

7 - Duhamel Philippe, Full Professor, Geography, ESTHUA, ESO UMR 6590, University of Angers (France) - Guibert Christophe, Associate Professor, Sociology, ESTHUA, ESO UMR 6590, University of Angers (France) - Ir. A.A.P. Agung Suryawan Wiranatha, M.Sc., Ph.D. Marketing, School of Tourism of Bali (Indonesia) - Madiun, I Nyoman, Marketing, School of Tourism of Bali (Indonesia) - Mahendra, Sudiana I Made, Full Professor, Environment, Universitas Udayana (Indonesia) - Mondou Véronique, Associate Professor, Geographer, ESTHUA, ESO UMR 6590, University of Angers (France) - Mudana I Gede, Doctor in Cultural Studies, Bali State Polytechnic (Indonesia) - Parantika Asep, Doctor in Geography, Sahid Tourism Institute (Indonesia) - Peyrat-Guillard Dominique, Full professor, Economy and Management, ESTHUA, GRAMEN, University of Angers (France) - Pickel Chevalier Sylvine, Associate Professor, Geographer, ESTHUA, ESO UMR 6590, University of Angers (France) - Suamba Ida Bagus Putu Doctor in Philosophy, Bali State Polytechnic (Indonesia) - Suamir I Nyoman Doctor in Sustainable Energy, Bali State Polytechnic (Indonesia) - Sudiajeng Lilik Doctor in Ergonomics and Work Physiology, Bali State Polytechnic (Indonesia) - Violier Philippe Full Professor, Geographer, ESTHUA, ESO UMR 6590, University of Angers (France) Organizers: ESTHUA, University of Angers (France) - Universitas Udayana (Bali, Indonesia) - Bali State Polytechnic (Bali, Indonesia) - Sahid Institute (Jakarta, Indonesia). 7