GIS PLANNING FOR MILITARY OPERATIONS

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April Griffith
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1 International Conference for ESRI Users 2015 July 20 24, 2015 San Diego, California. USA GIS PLANNING FOR MILITARY OPERATIONS JOSE LUIS PAYARES VARELA ANDRES CARVAJAL DÍAZ FERNANDO AFANADOR FRANCO DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY MARINE INFANTRY FACULTY THE NAVAL ACADEMY OF CADETS ALMIRANTE PADILLA CARTAGENA - COLOMBIA

2 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION Tactical recognition is «the battle before the battle» A successful mission requires that the commander and his team have related information on how to get

3 INTRODUCTION Tactical recognition is «the battle before the battle» A successful mission requires that the commander and his team have related information on how to get closer to the area where the target is located, in order to determine where the hostile forces are settled and in this way know how enemy forces might defend themselves

INTRODUCTION Therefore, it is essential to perform the control of the country through mechanisms that may contribute to protect the population, as well as increasing the struggle against the illicit

4 INTRODUCTION Therefore, it is essential to perform the control of the country through mechanisms that may contribute to protect the population, as well as increasing the struggle against the illicit commerce of drugs, terrorism and organized crime, with the support of the public force throughout the national territory,ensuring in so far as possible the optimization in the direction and management of the military forces

5 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA

The watersheds of the Ariari and Guaviare rivers are the three areas that are part of this research.

in terms of ancient wisdom and traditions maintained by its indigenous communities inhabiting the area,

only way to arrive there is by air or river transportation; in addition is the less populated area of the

6 The watersheds of the Ariari and Guaviare rivers are the three areas that are part of this research. The region is not only one of the most biodiverse ecosystems in the world, though it is also a rich region in terms of ancient wisdom and traditions maintained by its indigenous communities inhabiting the area, but it is a difficult accessibility place because the territory is flat with jungles, and this is why the only way to arrive there is by air or river transportation; in addition is the less populated area of the country, because of the presence of guerrilla and narcoterrorists groups which make it a hostile place for living..

7 METHODOLOGY

8 METHODOLOGY Requirements Analysis Implementation Methodology BRIFLIM3 Data Collection Data Model Development

9 METHODOLOGY Requirements Analysis Necessities Surveys Visits to the study area Implementation Methodology BRIFLIM3 Data Collection Data Model Development

10 METHODOLOGY Requirements Analysis Acquisitions Data Editing Standardization Implementation Methodology BRIFLIM3 Data Collection Inventory Data Model Development

11 METHODOLOGY Requirements Analysis Data Design Conceptual Model Relational Model Implementation Methdology BRIFLIM3 Data Collection Physical Model Data Model Development

12 METHODOLOGY - Satellite images: elaboration of the mosaics of the three sectors in which the study area was divided (identify all the spatial elements of interest (on the ground) for the development of the research.)

13 METHODOLOGY - Digital Elevation Model of area (DEM) of 30 m of resolution generated by Agustín Codazzi Geographical Institute, which provided altimetric data that helped to the spatial analysis.

14 METHODOLOGY Spatial analysis tools used for planning military activities on this project Slopes Analysis Contours Lines Sight Lines Visibility Map Hillshade Route Length Specific Points Height

15 RESULTS

16 RESULTS - Digital cartographic base (Satellite images):

17 RESULTS - Analysis of slope: affecting the performance of military operations (how personnel and equipment can be moved quickly and easily).

18 RESULTS - Analysis of the lines of visibility: in order to establish what is visible or not from a specific position. the location of the telecommunication towers or troops are established properly through this important analysis.

the radius of the ground lighting and facilitating the visualization

19 RESULTS - Hillshade and Viewshed: the hillshade creates a shading surface based on a light source and the heights of the ground, showing the radius of the ground lighting and facilitating the visualization of the relief. Viewshed is an area that is visible from a specific location

20 RESULTS - Visual exhibition of a route (linear element) on the surface of the area (viewshed). The light gray color areas, will be the places that might be visualized if the displacement is carried out from point 2 to the interest point.

21 RESULTS - Route length was calculated from the fictitious checkpoint No. 2 Up to a site of interest which had been located along the river Guaviare.

22 RESULTS - Surface Spot: It was calculated for 14 interest points around Guaviare River.

CONCLUSIONS The atmosphere of military operations is the sum of all the factors of the physical and cultural landscape which have been essential factors in establishing, designing and controlling the

25 CONCLUSIONS The atmosphere of military operations is the sum of all the factors of the physical and cultural landscape which have been essential factors in establishing, designing and controlling the military operation activities. thus, the understanding of the natural and human environment is a fundamental requirement for planning and conducting military activities, regardless of their nature or where they occur. Source: =15&q=by%3ADeadmeatpete

26 CONCLUSIONS The analysis of the ground must be adapted to the specific mission and the involved unit. A suitable design of the GIS database, appropriate procedures for analysis and generation of actual outputs, are required to facilitate decision-making in the military environment. This is why military members should understand the organizational aspects that involve the implementation of GIS. In this way, the GIS technology is a critical infrastructure for Defense and intelligence in a given area

CONCLUSIONS The spread of information: Internet mapping technology (Internet mapping) provides relevant, accurate and timely information for Defense

27 CONCLUSIONS The spread of information: Internet mapping technology (Internet mapping) provides relevant, accurate and timely information for Defense and intelligence purposes. Web services enable more people to have access to information: it saves time and allows decisions with better information

CONCLUSIONS On the other hand, ArcPad is GIS mobile technology which has been used for data collection in the field, data verification, access to databases, and mapping,

28 CONCLUSIONS On the other hand, ArcPad is GIS mobile technology which has been used for data collection in the field, data verification, access to databases, and mapping, which increases the efficiency and effectiveness of the troops commanders and analysts. Source: IS/trimblepositions.aspx?dtID=ke y_benefits&

29 CONCLUSIONS The level of detail and the positional accuracy of the spatial information obtained from satellite images, are also determining factors in the success of operations planning. According to the two-dimensional spatial resolution of the images used, the value of 1 m is considered acceptable, since it allowed to distinguish adjacent objects on the ground in an easy and efficient way through the use of the GIS tool. Technologies such as the airborne digital scanners with densities of the order points of 5-10 points/m2, could be a good choice considering the difficulty caused by the thick vegetation of the area.

30 Thanks!!!

GIS Geographic Information System

GIS Geographic Information System Andrea Petroselli Tuscia University, Italy petro@unitus.it SUMMARY Part 1: Part 2: Part 3: Part 4: What is a GIS? Why do we need a GIS? Which are the possibilities of