Smart Solutions for Spatial Planning

Transcription

1 Smart Solutions for Spatial Planning Aedas R&D [Computational Design Research] Centre for Evolutionary Computing in Architecture UEL]

2 Knowledge Transfer [breaking silos] * constructing consensus between stakeholders + planners + GIS + urban designers + computational models + architects

3 Computational Urban Design DON T _simulate urban design process _mimick urban fabric patterns _generate algorithmic patterns _build total integration tool DO _knowledge transfer [urban design () computational design] _synthesize urban design heuristics _create assembly of methods into workflow _align suite of methods to planning processes * synthesizing Computational Design with Urban Design * semi-automatic planning * City Information Model [CIM after BIM] * quantify masterplan value * digital chain * sustainable infrastructure

4 Workflow Gov t policy Survey GIS mapping LDF (UDP) constraint briefing Planning Procedure DPD (AAP) spatial analysis SSSP Procedure Spatial Strategy urban structure scenarios Masterplan SPD urban block scenarios Urban Codes LPGF benchmark quantities

5 Process Alignment Survey GIS mapping DPD (AAP) constraint briefing Planning Procedure spatial analysis SSSP Procedure urban structure scenarios Spatial Strategy urban block scenarios benchmark quantities

6 Private Integration Planning Private Partners DPD (AAP) Spatial Strategy SSSP Masterplans SCALES DPD Spatial Strategy Sub-Areas Development Sites KEY ISSUES - geographic isolation - open space provision - network connectivity - mixed-size housing CROSS CUTTING THEMES - transport & movement - open space - services provision & accessibility

7 Public Integration Planning Public Partners DPD (AAP) Spatial Strategy SSSP Planning Inspectors 9 tests of soundness TESTS - environment -social - economic - community strategy - regional & gov t policy - front loading - measure success of DPDs objectives - flexibility to contextual change

8 GIS data visualization & mapping GIS data mappings Components & Workflow accessibility measure network connectivity Survey [accessibility + connectivity + routes] routes & distances Urban structure outline urban blocks outline definition land-use / mix allocation Evaluate [accessibility + connectivity + routes] block parcellation / plot definition Land-use / Mix Secondary Circulation Block definitions Plots & Ratios Evaluate COMPONENTS URBAN SCALE BLOCK SCALE

9 GIS Visualization & Mapping * Lea River valley * boundary conditions * compiling disparate GIS data formats

10 GIS Visualization & Mapping unique OS ID number text data from the LLGP the points of this polygon ","Land","Landform","Manmade",,,,, , ","Land","Landform","Manmade",,,,, , ","Land","Landform","Manmade",,,,, , ","Land","Landform","Manmade",,,,, , ","Land","Landform","Manmade",,,,, , ","Land","Landform","Manmade",,,,, , ","Land","Landform","Manmade",,,,, , ","Land","Landform","Manmade",,,,, , ","Land","Landform","Manmade",,,,, , INPUT _OS mastermap [shape files] _LLPG data sets [textual data] _National Census [function coordinates sets] OUTPUT _joined OS mastermap shapes to polygons with tagged textual and census data _differentiated data layers _1000 meter buffer included

11 GIS Visualization & Mapping buildings roads INPUT _(LLPG) Excel data sheet(s) _feature to be mapped OUTPUT _intensity map of feature on site _spatially located and interpreted data

12 GIS Visualization & Mapping green spaces water ways roads rail ways INPUT _feature layered dxf _site perimeter _required condition _adjacency radius to condition OUTPUT _intensity map of condition on site

13 Accessibility & Routes [strategy] * accessibility as main driver * Public Transport Access Levels [PTAL] * density indication * output not accessible source : Hammersmith & Fulham council

14 Accessibility Measure INPUT _existing circulation network _access points OUTPUT _walking distances to access points _catchment areas _colour gradient map

15 Network Connectivity 2 minutes 64 meters INPUT _existing circulation network _access points + _shortcut radius _time affordance OUTPUT _walking distances to access points + _proposed new network connections _optimized network connectivity

16 Routes & Distances INPUT _building polygons [_access points] [_grid size] OUTPUT _all-2-all shortest routes & distances _all-2-one shortest routes & times _visibility network

17 Urban Block Outlines [strategy] source : Thamesmead Council * urban design heuristic + connect activity points + adjust grid * unfolding vistas * axes extensions source : Urban Compendium I

18 Urban Block Outlines INPUT _site outlines _activity locations for connectivity OUTPUT _leanest connectivity network between activity locations _urban blocks outlines

19 Urban Block Outlines initial condition added connections conservation area & added connections

20 Land-use / Mix Allocation [strategy] source : Urban Task Force source : Urban Compendium I

21 Land-use / Mix Allocation initial random distribution final distribution INPUT _urban block outlines _land-use quantities _adjacency preferences OUTPUT _distribution of land-uses _secondary circulation _density indication _walking distance network

22 Land-use / Mix Allocation use distribution accessibility levels secondary circulation

23 Land-use / Mix Allocation CASE 1 RESIDENTIAL 400 DOTS COMMERCIAL 250 DOTS PARK 150 DOTS COMMERCIAL close to TRANSPORT HUBS PARKS close to RIVER RESIDENTIAL close to RIVER CASE 2 RESIDENTIAL 400 DOTS COMMERCIAL 250 DOTS PARK 150 DOTS COMMERCIAL close to TRANSPORT HUBS RESIDENTIAL close to TRANSPORT HUBS PARKS close to RIVER RESIDENTIAL close to RIVER CASE 3 RESIDENTIAL 600 DOTS COMMERCIAL 250 DOTS PARK 150 DOTS COMMERCIAL close to TRANSPORT HUBS RESIDENTIAL close to TRANSPORT HUBS RESIDENTIAL away from MOTORWAY PARKS close to RIVER RESIDENTIAL close to RIVER

24 Block Parcellation / Plot Definition [strategy] source : UEL APO Europan 7 source : Urban Compendium I

25 Block Parcellation / Plot Definition Input _block dimensions _block geometry (4 sided) _building depths (8-22 meters) Evaluation Criteria 1 Residential units/hectare [ 400 with the average unit area = 75 m2] 2 Retail units [ 20% of total ideal residential area, i.e. 10,000 m2 perimeter = 400*75 = 30,000m2 of residential 20%= 6000m2] 3 Entrance into courtyard [ 20% of total perimeter length] 4 Number of south facing residential units [ the higher the better ] phenotype INPUT _urban block outlines _plot quantities specifications _aspect ratios _evaluation criteria OUTPUT _massing geometry _plot parcellation _use allocation within block _maximum south facing elevations

26 Block Parcellation / Plot Definition massing : 0 cycles optimization massing : 135 cycles optimization

27 Block Parcellation / Plot Definition Res error Ret error Generations error reduction graph over 217 generations

28 Block Parcellation / Plot Definition resulting massing