Name Quarterly Practice # 1 Period

Transcription

1 Name Quarterly Practice # 1 Period 1. Based on data collected during a laboratory investigation, a student determined an experimental value of 322 joules per gram for the heat of fusion of H2O. Calculate the student's percent error. Your response must include a correct numerical setup and the calculated result. 1) 4% 2) 20% 3) 1% 4) 96% 2. Given the diagram representing a process being used to separate the colored dyes in food coloring: 5. The diagram below shows the upper part of a laboratory burner. Which process is represented by this diagram? 1) chromatography 2) electrolysis 3) distillation 4) titration 3. The diagram below shows a portion of a buret. Which letter represents the hottest part of the burner flame? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 6. A piece of copper metal is correctly placed on a triple beam balance. The riders are all at the zero mark except for the rider on 0-10 gram beam which is located at the position shown. What is the meniscus reading in milliliters? 1) ) ) ) Which diagram best represents a piece of glass tubing that has been properly bent? 1) 2) 3) 4) What is the mass of the copper metal? 1) g 2) g 3) 0.55 g 4) 5.50 g 7. Which Kelvin temperature is equal to 200.ºC? 1) 73 K 2) 73 K 3) 200. K 4) 473 K 8. Which quantity of heat is equal to 200. joules? 1) 20.0 kj 2) 2.00 kj 3) kj 4) kj 9. Which mass measurement contains four significant figures? 1) g 2) g 3) 1003 g 4) 3870 g

2 10. Expressed to the correct number of significant figures, the sum of two masses is grams. Which two masses produce this answer? 1) g g 2) g g 3) g g 4) g g 11. Which quantity is equivalent to 50 kilojoules? 1) 5000 J 2) 0.05 J 3) J 4) J 12. A sample of CO2(s) and a sample of CO2(g) differ in their 1) chemical compositions 2) empirical formulas 3) molecular structures 4) physical properties 13. Which statement describes a chemical property of silicon? 1) Silicon has a blue-gray color. 2) Silicon is a brittle solid at 20. C. 3) Silicon melts at 1414 C. 4) Silicon reacts with fluorine. 14. Which sample of CO2 has a definite shape and a definite volume? 1) CO2(aq) 2) CO2(g) 3) CO2( ) 4) CO2(s) 15. Particles are arranged in a crystal structure in a sample of 1) H2(g) 2) Br2(l) 3) Ar(g) 4) Ag(s) 16. Which substance can be broken down by chemical means? 1) CO 2) Ce 3) Ca 4) Cu 17. A person with a body temperature of 37 C holds an ice cube with a temperature of 0 C in a room where the air temperature is 20 C. The direction of heat flow is 1) from the person to the ice, only 2) from the person to the ice and air, and from the air to the ice 3) from the ice to the person, only 4) from the ice to the person and air, and from the air to the person 18. A 10.0-gram sample of H2O( ) at 23.0ºC absorbs 209 joules of heat. What is the final temperature of the H2 O( ) sample? 1) 5.0ºC 2) 18.0ºC 3) 28.0ºC 4) 50.0ºC 19. Three forms of energy are 1) chemical, exothermic, and temperature 2) chemical, thermal, and electromagnetic 3) electrical, nuclear, and temperature 4) electrical, mechanical, and endothermic 20. As ice melts at standard pressure, its temperature remains at 0 C until it has completely melted. Its potential energy 1) decreases 2) increases 3) remains the same 21. Which phase change results in the release of energy? 1) H2O(s) H2O( ) 2) H2O(s) H2O(g) 3) H2O( ) H2O(g) 4) H2O(g) H2O( ) 22. A 50.0-gram block of copper at 10.0 C is carefully lowered into grams of water at 90.0 C in an insulated container. Which statement describes the transfer of heat in this system? 1) The water loses heat to the block until both are at 10.0 C. 2) The block gains heat from the water until both are at 90.0 C. 3) The water loses heat and the block gains heat until both are at the same temperature that is between 10.0 C and 90.0 C. 4) The water gains heat and the block loses heat until both are at the same temperature that is between 10.0 C and 90.0 C. 23. The temperature of a sample of matter is a measure of the 1) average kinetic energy of its particles 2) average potential energy of its particles 3) total kinetic energy of its particles 4) total potential energy of its particles 24. Which sample of water contains particles having the highest average kinetic energy? 1) 25 ml of water at 95 C 2) 45 ml of water at 75 C 3) 75 ml of water at 75 C 4) 95 ml of water at 25 C

3 25. Which temperature is equal to 120. K? 1) 153 C 2) 120. C 3) +293 C 4) +393 C 26. Which process is exothermic? 1) boiling of water 2) melting of copper 3) condensation of ethanol vapor 4) sublimation of iodine 27. Which statement describes the particles of an ideal gas? 1) The particles move in well-defined, circular paths. 2) When the particles collide, energy is lost. 3) There are forces of attraction between the particles. 4) The volume of the particles is negligible. 28. Which statement describes the particles of an ideal gas based on the kinetic molecular theory? 1) The gas particles are relatively far apart and have negligible volume. 2) The gas particles are in constant, nonlinear motion. 3) The gas particles have attractive forces between them. 4) The gas particles have collisions without transferring energy. 29. According to the kinetic molecular theory, which statement describes the particles in a sample of an ideal gas? 1) The force of attraction between the gas particles is strong. 2) The motion of the gas particles is random and straight-line. 3) The collisions between the gas particles cannot result in a transfer of energy between the particles. 4) The separation between the gas particles is smaller than the size of the gas particles themselves. 30. Under which conditions of temperature and pressure would a 1-liter sample of a real gas behave most like an ideal gas? 1) l00 K and 0.l atm 2) 100 K and 10 atm 3) 500 K and 0.1 atm 4) 500 K and 10 atm 31. A real gas differs from an ideal gas because the molecules of real gas have 1) some volume and no attraction for each other 2) some volume and some attraction for each other 3) no volume and no attraction for each other 4) no volume and some attraction for each other 32. Which gas is least likely to obey the ideal gas laws at very high pressures and very low temperatures? 1) He 2) Ne 3) Kr 4) Xe 33. Which rigid cylinder contains the same number of gas molecules at STP as a 2.0-liter rigid cylinder containing H2(g) at STP? 1) 1.0-L cylinder of O2(g) 2) 2.0-L cylinder of CH4(g) 3) 1.5-L cylinder of NH3(g) 4) 4.0-L cylinder of He(g) 34. The table below shows data for the temperature, pressure, and volume of four gas samples. Which two gas samples have the same total number of molecules? 1) A and B 2) A and C 3) B and C 4) B and D 35. Which set of values represents standard pressure and standard temperature? 1) 1 atm and K 2) 1 kpa and 273 K 3) kpa and 0 C 4) atm and 273 C 36. At 25ºC, gas in a rigid cylinder with a movable piston has a volume of 145 ml and a pressure of 125 kpa. Then the gas is compressed to a volume of 80. ml. What is the new pressure of the gas if the temperature is held at 25ºC? 1) 69 kpa 2) 93 kpa 3) 160 kpa 4) 230 kpa

4 37. Which temperature change would cause a sample of an ideal gas to double in volume while the pressure is held constant? 1) from 400. K to 200. K 2) from 200. K to 400. K 3) from 400. C to 200. C 4) from 200. C to 400. C 38. Which graph represents the relationship between pressure and volume for a sample of an ideal gas at constant temperature? 1) 2) 41. A cylinder with a tightly fitted piston is shown in the diagram below. As the piston moves downward, the number of molecules of air in the cylinder 1) decreases 2) increases 3) remains the same 42. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below, which represents uniform cooling of a sample of a pure substance, starting as a gas. 3) 4) 39. At which temperature is the vapor pressure of ethanol equal to the vapor pressure of propanone at 35 C? 1) 35 C 2) 60. C 3) 82 C 4) 95 C 40. Which graph shows the pressure-temperature relationship expected for an ideal gas? 1) 2) Solid and liquid phases both exist in between points 1) E and F 2) B and C 3) C and D 4) D and E 43. Given the cooling curve of a substance: 3) 4) During which intervals is potential energy decreasing and average kinetic energy remaining constant? 1) AB and BC 2) AB and CD 3) DE and BC 4) DE and EF

5 44. Starting as a solid, a sample of a substance is heated at a constant rate. The graph below shows the changes in temperature of this sample. 51. Which sample of matter sublimes at room temperature and standard pressure? 1) Br2( ) 2) Cl2(g) 3) CO2(s) 4) SO2(aq) 52. Based on Reference Table H, which substance has the weakest intermolecular forces? 1) ethanoic acid 2) ethanol 3) propanone 4) water What is the melting point of the sample and the total time required to completely melt the sample after it has reached its melting point? 1) 50 C and 3 min 2) 50 C and 5 min 3) 110 C and 4 min 4) 110 C and 14 min 45. Which physical changes are endothermic? 1) melting and freezing 2) melting and evaporating 3) condensation and sublimation 4) condensation and deposition 46. At which Celsius temperature does lead change from a solid to a liquid? 1) 874 C 2) 601 C 3) 328 C 4) 0 C 47. A gas changes directly to a solid during 1) fusion 2) deposition 3) saponification 4) decomposition 48. What is the minimum amount of heat required to completely melt 20.0 grams of ice at its melting point? 1) 20.0 J 2) 83.6 J 3) 6,680 J 4) 45,200 J 49. According to Reference Table H, what is the boiling point of ethanoic acid at 80 kpa? 1) 28 C 2) 100 C 3) 111 C 4) 125 C 50. What is the minimum number of kilojoules needed to change 40.0 grams of water at 100ºC to steam at the same temperature and pressure? 1) 1,810 2) ) ) Liquid A is confined in a container as shown in the diagram above. The equilibrium vapor pressure of liquid A depends on the 1) amount of vapor in the container 2) amount of liquid in the container 3) temperature of liquid A 4) size of the confining container 54. When a mixture of water, sand, and salt is filtered, what passes through the filter paper? 1) water, only 2) water and sand, only 3) water and salt, only 4) water, sand, and salt 55. If a student pours a mixture of sand and salt water through a filter paper into a beaker, what will be found in the beaker after filtering? 1) salt, only 2) sand, only 3) salt and water 4) salt and sand 56. The laboratory process of distillation does not involve 1) changing a liquid to vapor 2) changing a vapor to liquid 3) liquids with different boiling points 4) liquids with the same boiling points 57. Which sample of matter can be separated into different substances by physical means? 1) LiCl(aq) 2) LiCl(s) 3) NH3(g) 4) NH3( )

6 58. Base your answer to the following question on the information below. A method used by ancient Egyptians to obtain copper metal from copper(i) sulfide ore was heating the ore in the presence of air. Later, copper was mixed with tin to produce a useful alloy called bronze. Calculate the density of a -gram sample of bronze that has a volume of cubic centimeters. Your response must include a correct numerical setup and the calculated result.

7 59. Base your answer to the following question on the information and chart below. A 150.-gram liquid sample of stearic acid, C17H35COOH, is cooled at a constant rate. The temperature of the sample is recorded at 2-minute intervals in the data table below. On the grid above: Mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled Temperature ( C). Plot the data from the data table. Circle and connect the points.

8 Base your answers to questions 60 and 61 on the information below. A student performed an experiment to determine the total amount of energy stored in a peanut. The accepted value for the energy content of a peanut is 30.2 kilojoules per gram. The student measured grams of water into a metal can and placed the can on a ring stand, as shown in the diagram below. The peanut was attached to a wire suspended under the can. The initial temperature of the water was recorded as 22.0 C. The peanut was ignited and allowed to burn. When the peanut finished burning, the final water temperature was recorded as 57.0 C. The student's experimental value for the energy content of this peanut was 25.9 kilojoules per gram. 60. Determine the student s percent error for the energy content of this peanut. 61. Calculate the total amount of heat absorbed by the water. Your response must include both a correct numerical setup and the calculated result.

9 62. Base your answer to the following question on the information below. A lightbulb contains argon gas at a temperature of and at a pressure of kilopascals. The lightbulb is switched on, and after minutes its temperature is. What Celsius temperature is equal to 418 K? 63. A student determines the density of zinc to be 7.56 grams per milliliter. If the accepted density is 7.14 grams per milliliter, what is the student s percent error? Show a correct numerical setup. Record your answer. 64. Base your answer to the following question on Using a triple beam balance and a graduated cylinder, a student collected data on a sample of an element: Mass of sample Volume of water Volume of water and sample 10.9 g 30.0 ml 34.0 ml a) Calculate the density of the sample. Show all work and use significant figures and units. b) Based on Reference Table S, what element might the sample be?

10 65. The diagram below represents a portion of a 100-milliliter graduated cylinder. What is the reading of the meniscus? 66. A sample of water is heated from 10.0 C to 15.0 C by the addition of 126 Joules of heat. What is the mass of the water?

11 Chemistry Name Class Date Diagram on Separate Sheet