Basic SL Concepts. D. 2.0 (Total 1 mark) When the equation above is balanced, what is the coefficient for oxygen? D.
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1 Basic SL Concepts dm 3 of sulfur dioxide is reacted with.0 dm 3 of oxygen according to the equation below. SO(g) + O(g) SO3(g) What volume of sulfur trioxide (in dm 3 ) is formed? (Assume the reaction goes to completion and all gases are measured at the same temperature and pressure.) A. 5.0 B. 4.0 C. 3.0 D..0. CH(g) + O(g) CO(g) + HO(g) When the equation above is balanced, what is the coefficient for oxygen? A. B. 3 C. 4 D The percentage by mass of the elements in a compound is C = 7%, H = 1%, O = 16%. What is the mole ratio of C:H in the empirical formula of this compound? A. 1 : 1 B. 1 : C. 1 : 6 D. 6 : 1 1
2 4. The temperature in Kelvin of.0 dm 3 of an ideal gas is doubled and its pressure is increased by a factor of four. What is the final volume of the gas? A. 1.0 dm 3 B..0 dm 3 C. 3.0 dm 3 D. 4.0 dm 3 5. Consider the composition of the species W, X, Y and Z below. Which species is an anion? Species A. W B. X C. Y Number of protons Number of neutrons Number of electrons W X Y Z D. Z 6. What is the correct number of each particle in a fluoride ion, 19 F? protons neutrons electrons A B C D
3 7. Which statement is correct for the emission spectrum of the hydrogen atom? A. The lines converge at lower energies. B. The lines are produced when electrons move from lower to higher energy levels. C. The lines in the visible region involve electron transitions into the energy level closest to the nucleus. D. The line corresponding to the greatest emission of energy is in the ultraviolet region. 8. What is the correct sequence for the processes occurring in a mass spectrometer? A. vaporization, ionization, acceleration, deflection B. vaporization, acceleration, ionization, deflection C. ionization, vaporization, acceleration, deflection D. ionization, vaporization, deflection, acceleration 9. The compounds NaO, AlO3 and SO respectively are A. acidic, amphoteric and basic. B. amphoteric, basic and acidic. C. basic, acidic and amphoteric. D. basic, amphoteric and acidic. 10. Which of the following properties of the halogens increase from F to I? I. Atomic radius I Melting point Electronegativity A. I only B. I and II only C. I and III only D. I, II and III 3
4 11. Rubidium is an element in the same group of the periodic table as lithium and sodium. It is likely to be a metal which has a A. high melting point and reacts slowly with water. B. high melting point and reacts vigorously with water. C. low melting point and reacts vigorously with water. D. low melting point and reacts slowly with water. 1. Which statement is correct for the halogen group? A. Halide ions are all reducing agents, with iodide ions being the weakest. B. Halogens are all oxidizing agents, with chlorine being the strongest. C. Chloride ions can be oxidized to chlorine by bromine. D. Iodide ions can be oxidized to iodine by chlorine. 13. Element X is in group, and element Y in group 7, of the periodic table. Which ions will be present in the compound formed when X and Y react together? A. X + and Y B. X + and Y C. X + and Y D. X and Y Which of the following increase(s) for the bonding between carbon atoms in the sequence of molecules CH6, CH4 and CH? I. Number of bonds I Length of bonds Strength of bonding A. I only B. I and III only C. III only D. I, II and III 4
5 15. What is the Lewis (electron dot) structure for sulfur dioxide? A. O S O C. O S O B. O S O D. O S O 16. Why is the boiling point of PH3 lower than that of NH3? A. PH3 is non-polar whereas NH3 is polar. B. PH3 is not hydrogen bonded whereas NH3 is hydrogen bonded. C. Van der Waals forces are weaker in PH3 than in NH3. D. The molar mass of PH3 is greater than that of NH What energy changes occur when chemical bonds are formed and broken? A. Energy is absorbed when bonds are formed and when they are broken. B. Energy is released when bonds are formed and when they are broken. C. Energy is absorbed when bonds are formed and released when they are broken. D. Energy is released when bonds are formed and absorbed when they are broken. 18. Using the equations below: C(s) + O(g) CO(g) H = 390 kj Mn(s) + O(g) MnO(s) H = 50 kj what is H (in kj) for the following reaction? MnO(s) + C(s) Mn(s) + CO(g) A. 910 B. 130 C. 130 D
6 19. Which statements about exothermic reactions are correct? I. They have negative H values. I The products have a lower enthalpy than the reactants. The products are more energetically stable than the reactants. A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III 0. What is the energy change (in kj) when the temperature of 0 g of water increases by 10 C? A C B D The mass m (in g) of a substance of specific heat capacity c (in J g 1 K 1 ) increases by t C. What is the heat change in J? A. mct B. mc(t + 73) C. D. mct 1000 mc( t 73)
7 . Excess magnesium was added to a beaker of aqueous hydrochloric acid on a balance. A graph of the mass of the beaker and contents was plotted against time (line 1). Mass 1 Time What change in the experiment could give line? I. The same mass of magnesium but in smaller pieces I The same volume of a more concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid A lower temperature A. I only B. II only C. III only D. None of the above 3. Which of the following is (are) altered when a liquid at its boiling point is converted to a gas at the same temperature? I. The size of the molecules I The distance between the molecules The average kinetic energy of the molecules A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only 7
8 4. Which statement is correct for a collision between reactant particles leading to a reaction? A. Colliding particles must have different energy. B. All reactant particles must have the same energy. C. Colliding particles must have a kinetic energy higher than the activation energy. D. Colliding particles must have the same velocity. 5. Which quantities in the enthalpy level diagram are altered by the use of a catalyst? Enthalpy I II III Time A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III 6. At 5 C, 100 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm 3 hydrochloric acid is added to 3.5 g of magnesium carbonate. If the sample of magnesium carbonate is kept constant, which conditions will not increase the initial rate of reaction? Volume of HCl / cm 3 Concentration of HCl / mol dm 3 Temperature / C A B C D
9 7. SO(g) + O (g) SO3(g) H ο = 00 kj According to the above information, what temperature and pressure conditions produce the greatest amount of SO3? Temperature Pressure A. low low B. low high C. high high D. high low 8. Which statement(s) is/are true for a mixture of ice and water at equilibrium? I. The rates of melting and freezing are equal. I The amounts of ice and water are equal. The same position of equilibrium can be reached by cooling water and heating ice. A. I only B. I and III only C. II only D. III only 9. What will happen to the position of equilibrium and the value of the equilibrium constant when the temperature is increased in the following reaction? Br(g) + Cl(g) BrCl(g) H = +14 kj Position of equilibrium A. Shifts towards the reactants Decreases B. Shifts towards the reactants Increases C. Shifts towards the products Decreases D. Shifts towards the products Increases Value of equilibrium constant 9
10 30. Which statements are correct for a reaction at equilibrium? I. The forward and reverse reactions both continue. I The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. The concentrations of reactants and products are equal. A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III 31. What is the equilibrium constant expression, Kc, for the reaction below? N(g) + O(g) NO(g) A. Kc = B. Kc = C. Kc = D. Kc = NO N O NO O 3 N NO N O NO N O 3. Which one of the following species can act as both a Brønsted-Lowry acid and base in aqueous solution? A. CH3COOH B. NO3 C. HPO4 D. OH 10
11 33. Four aqueous solutions, I, II, III and IV, are listed below. I mol dm 3 HCl I IV mol dm 3 HCl mol dm 3 NaOH mol dm 3 NaOH What is the correct order of increasing ph of these solutions? A. I, II, III, IV B. I, II, IV, III C. II, I, III, IV D. II, I, IV, III 34. Which substance can be dissolved in water to give a 0.1 mol dm 3 solution with a high ph and a high electrical conductivity? A. HCl B. NaCl C. NH3 D. NaOH 35. The ph of a solution is. If its ph is increased to 6, how many times greater is the [H + ] of the original solution? A. 3 B. 4 C D
12 36. Which methods will distinguish between equimolar solutions of a strong base and a strong acid? I. Add magnesium to each solution and look for the formation of gas bubbles. I Add aqueous sodium hydroxide to each solution and measure the temperature change. Use each solution in a circuit with a battery and lamp and see how bright the lamp glows. A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III 37. Which statement is correct? A. Oxidation involves loss of electrons and a decrease in oxidation state. B. Oxidation involves gain of electrons and an increase in oxidation state. C. Reduction involves loss of electrons and an increase in oxidation state. D. Reduction involves gain of electrons and a decrease in oxidation state. 38. What occurs during the operation of a voltaic cell based on the following reaction? Ni(s) + Pb + (aq) Ni + (aq) + Pb(s) External circuit A. electrons move from Ni to Pb B. electrons move from Ni to Pb C. electrons move from Pb to Ni D. electrons move from Pb to Ni Ion movement in solution Pb + (aq) move away from Pb(s) Pb + (aq) move toward Pb(s) Ni + (aq) move away from Ni(s) Ni + (aq) move toward Ni(s) 1
13 39. Which is the strongest reducing agent according to the spontaneous reactions below? Cr(s) + 3Fe + (aq) Fe(s) + Pb + (aq) Cr 3+ (aq) + 3Fe(s) Fe + (aq) + Pb(s) A. Cr(s) B. Cr 3+ (aq) C. Pb + (aq) D. Pb(s) 40. What is the final product formed when CH3CHOH is refluxed with acidified potassium dichromate(vi)? A. CH3CHO B. CH==CH C. CH3COOH D. HCOOCH3 41. Which equation represents a redox reaction? A. KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) KCl(aq) + HO(l) B. Mg(s) + HCl(aq) MgCl(aq) + H(g) C. CuO(s) + HCl(aq) CuCl(aq) + HO(l) D. ZnCO3(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl(aq) + CO(g) + HO(l) 4. Which of the substances below is least soluble in water? A. CHOHCHOHCHOH B. O CH CCH 3 3 C. CH CH COH 3 O 13
14 D. O CH COCH Consider the following compounds. I. CH3CHCH(OH)CH3 I CH3CH(CH3)CHOH (CH3)3COH The compounds are treated separately with acidified potassium dichromate(vi) solution. Which will produce a colour change from orange to green? A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III 44. Which statement is correct about the reaction between methane and chlorine? A. It involves heterolytic fission and Cl ions. B. It involves heterolytic fission and Cl radicals. C. It involves homolytic fission and Cl ions. D. It involves homolytic fission and Cl radicals. 45. What is the correct name of this compound? CH3 CH3 CH CH CH CH3 A. 1,3-dimethylbutane B.,4-dimethylbutane C. -methylbutane D. -methylpentane 14
15 15
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