C CH 3 N C COOH. Write the structural formulas of all of the dipeptides that they could form with each other.
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1 hapter 25 Biochemistry oncept heck 25.1 Two common amino acids are 3 2 N alanine 3 2 N threonine Write the structural formulas of all of the dipeptides that they could form with each other. The carboxyl group,, of either of the amino acids could be bonded through a peptide bond to the amino group, N 2, of the other. The structures of these two dipeptides are: 3 2 N 3 N 3 2 N 3 N oncept heck 25.2 Noting the three complementary base pairs and which bases are found in DNA or RNA, write the RNA sequence complementary to the following sequence: ATGTAGGATTAA 178
2 Biochemistry 179 In RNA, the bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytocine (), and uracil (U), but not thymine (T). The complementary bases are A and T, A and U, and G and. So, A in DNA would have U as a complement in RNA; T in DNA would have A in RNA as a complement; G in DNA would have in RNA as a complement; and in DNA would have G in RNA as a complement. ere, then, is the RNA sequence complementary to the DNA sequence given in the problem statement: UAGAUGUAAGUU onceptual Problem It is your job to manufacture polymers from a series of monomer units. These monomer units are called A, B, and. In this problem you need to build polymers by linking the monomer units. Represent the polymer linkages using dashes. For example, -A-B-- represents a polymer unit made from linking monomer units A, B, and. a. Build two different homopolymers from your monomer units. b. Build a copolymer from A and B. c. Build a copolymer that is about 33% and about 66% A. a. Since a homopolymer consists of the same monomer units linked together, examples are -A-A-, -B-B-, or ---. b. Since a copolymer contains different monomer units linked together, examples include -A-B-, -B--. c. A ratio of 1 unit to every 2 A units would produce the desired copolymer: -A--A-. onceptual Problem Use resonance formulas to explain why polyacetylene has delocalized molecular orbitals extending over the length of the molecule, whereas the following molecule does not.
3 180 hapter 25 Polyacetylene has delocalized molecular orbitals extending over the length of the molecule because double bonds alternate with single bonds over the length of the molecule. Each carbon atom in the chain has one single bond and one double bond to an adjacent carbon atom. The resonance structures are For the molecule in the problem, the pattern of double bonds and single bonds does not alternate regularly over the entire length of the molecule. Some of the carbon atoms do not have a double bond, and there is no delocalization of electrons in these regions. onceptual Problem A common amino acid in the body is ornithine. It is involved in the excretion of excess nitrogen into the urine. The structural formula of ornithine is 2 N N 2 Write the fully ionized form of the molecule. (Note that there are two ionizable amino groups.) The fully ionized form of ornithine is
4 Biochemistry N N 3 + onceptual Problem Write the structural formulas of all possible tripeptides with the composition of two glycines and one serine. (See the structural formulas in Table 25.2.) The possible tripeptides with two glycines and one serine are gly gly ser, gly ser gly, and ser gly gly. ere are the corresponding structural formulas: 2 N 2 N 2 N 2 N 2 N N gly-gly-ser gly-ser-gly 2 N N 2 N 2 2 onceptual Problem ser-gly-gly What amino-acid sequence would result if the following messenger RNA sequence were translated from left to right? AGAGUGAGAUUGAGUGA Mark off the message into triplets, beginning at the left. Then, refer to Table 25.3 to determine which amino acid is represented by each triplet. AGA GU GA GA UUG AG UGA The corresponding amino-acid sequence is Arg-Val-Arg-Asp-Leu-Thr. The triplet UGA is the code to end the sequence.
5 182 hapter 25 onceptual Problem Give one of the nucleotide sequences that would translate to the peptide lys pro ala phe trp glu his gly. Refer to Table 25.3 for the sequences that translate to the different amino-acids. lys pro ala phe trp glu his gly ne possible nucleotide sequence is AAA U GU UUU UGG GAA AU GGU UAA. The triplet UAA indicates the end of the sequence.
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Conformational Analysis C01 3 C C 3 is the most stable by 0.9 kcal/mole C02 K eq = K 1-1 * K 2 = 0.45-1 * 0.048 = 0.11 C04 The intermediate in the reaction of 2 has an unfavorable syn-pentane interaction,
5) An amino acid that doesn't exist in proteins: - Tyrosine - Tryptophan - Cysteine - ornithine* 6) How many tripeptides can be formed from using one
Biochemistry First 1) An amino acid that does not have L & D: - proline - serine - Glycine* - valine 2) An amino acid that exists in beta-bends and turns: - Gly* - Pro - Arg - Asp 3) An amino acid that
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Snork Synthesis Lab Lab Directions This activity, modified from the original at The Biology Corner, will help you practice your understanding of protein synthesis. Submit your lab answers according to