PRACTICE TEST Topic 5: Heating, Cooling, and Phase Diagrams
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1 PRACTICE TEST Topic 5: Heating, Cooling, and Phase Diagrams Directions: Use the heating graph below to answer the following questions. Known Melting Point Data Name of Chemical Lauric Acid Naphthalene Benzoic Acid Melting Points 44 deg C 82 deg C 122 deg C 1. Based on the melting and boiling points on the graph above, could the substance that was heated be any of the four substances above? Explain why or why not. 2. What is the condensation point temperature for the substance? a. 0 deg C b. 15 deg C c. 35 deg C d. 45 deg C e. 60 deg C 3. Is the speed of the molecules or the arrangement of the molecules changing during section C? a. speed b. arrangement c. both speed and arrangement 4. What is the freezing point temperature of the substance in the graph above? 5.If you want to move from phase E to phase C, you need to... a. Add energy b. Remove energy c. Keep the energy constant d. Not change the energy 6.If you want to move from phase C to phase E, you need to... a. Add energy b. Remove energy c. Keep the energy constant
2 7. Using the graph on page #1, what phase or phases are present during each of the sections below? Section Phase or phases present A B C D E 8. Four lab groups measured the melting melting point and boiling point of a substance. a. average melting point of the substance = b. average boiling point of the substance = 9. Use the data they obtained from number 8 to draw a heating graph. The shape of the graph should correspond to the the melting and boiling data in the table.
3 10. What is the average of the boiling points in the table below? a. 84 b. 89 c. 99 d. 190 Trial # Boiling point (degrees C) Complete the table by determining what is the % Antifreeze for the student s mixture. Grou ps ml of Water ml of Antifreeze % antifreeze A student measures the boiling point of a substance to be 70 degrees Celsius. What is the temperature in Kelvins? 13. A student finds online that the melting point of a substance 170 K. What is the temperature in Celsius? 14. A student collects the following data when melting and boiling water: The true boiling point of water is 373 Kelvin. Calculate the student s percent error for the boiling point. Measured Melting Point Measured Boiling Point 265 K 379 K
4 Use the graph below for carbon dioxide to answer the following questions: 15. What phase would the CO 2 be in if the temperature were 25 deg C, and the pressure was about 5 atmospheres? a. solid b. liquid c. gas 16. What is the boiling point temperature of CO 2 be if it were heated at about 50 atm of pressure? a. 19 deg C b. 22 deg C c. 31 deg C d. 60 deg C 17. Carbon dioxide is kept at 0.5 atm pressure and heated from -100 deg C to degrees 0 deg C. What is the name of the phase change that takes place? a. melting b. boiling c. sublimation d. freezing 18. Carbon dioxide is kept at 56 atm of pressure and is cooled from 15 deg C to -100 deg C. What is the name of the phase change that takes place? a. melting b. freezing c. deposition d. condensation
5 Use the triple point graph below for water to answer the following questions. 19. What phase would water exist if the pressure was at 20 atm and the temperature was at 400 deg C? a. solid b. liquid c. gas 20. What phase would water exist if the pressure was atm and the temperature was 100 deg C? a. solid b. liquid c. gas 21. Which statement below describes the relationship between the boiling point temperature and pressure? a. As pressure increases, the boiling point temperature increases. b. As pressure increases, the boiling point temperature decreases. c. As pressure increases, the boiling point temperature stays constant. d. As pressure increases, the boiling point temperature fluctuates up and down. 22. What is the lowest pressure that water can exist as a liquid?
6 Directions: A student conducted an experiment where she heated up a sample of water. Her heating curve is below. Use it as well as the phase diagram to answer the next set of questions. 23. What is the melting point temperature of the water in her sample? 24. What is the boiling point temperature of the water in her sample? 25. Compare her melting point and boiling points to the phase diagram. What was the pressure when she was conducting her experiment?
7 26. What is the freezing point of the substance in Graph A at standard pressure? 27. At what temperature would condensation occur for the substance in Graph A at 1.0 atm of pressure? 28. What is the melting point of the substance in Graph B at standard pressure? 29. At what temperature would condensation occur in Graph B at 760 mm Hg of pressure? 30. The substance in Graph C starts out at room temperature as a solid. What is the melting point of the substance in Graph C? 31. At what pressure and temperature does the triple point occur for the substance in Graph A?
8 Directions: Draw a best fit line and calculate the slope of the best fit line. Write a For every statement that explains what the graph shows about how % antifreeze affects boiling point temperatures. 32. What is the slope of the graph? 33. Write a For every statement for the graph. 34. What is the relationship between the boiling point and the % antifreeze? 35. What would you predict the boiling point would be for a 70% solution of this antifreeze?
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