USU and USOE Approved Courses for USOE Secondary Endorsements (Nov. 5, 2015)

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1 USU and USOE Approved Courses for USOE Secondary Endorsements (Nov. 5, 2015) Biological Sciences Requirement Gen. Biology or Gen. Botany and Gen. Zoology Zoology USU Courses BIOL 1610 and BIOL 1620 (both required) ADVS 2220, BIOL 4500, BIOL 5550, BIOL 5560, BIOL 5570, BIOL 5580, BIOL 5600, WATS 5550 Cell Biology or Microbiology BIOL 3300, BIOL 5210 Human Anatomy and/or Physiology BIOL 2320, BIOL 2420, BIOL 4600 Heredity/Genetics BIOL 3060 Ecology BIOL 2220 or NR 2220, BIOL 5590, WATS 4310, WATS 4500, WILD 3800, WILD 4600, WILD 4700 Chemistry CHEM 1010, CHEM 1110, CHEM 1210 Evolutionary Biology BIOL 5250 Chemistry Principles of Inorganic Chemistry I CHEM 1010, CHEM 1110, CHEM 1210 Principles of Inorganic Chemistry II CHEM 1220 (sequential) Organic Chemistry I CHEM 2310 Organic Chemistry II (sequential) CHEM 2320 One other course beyond Principles or Organic CHEM 3650, CHEM 3700,CHEM 5070, CHEM 5670, CHEM 5700, GEO 5600 Earth Science Geology I GEO 1010, GEO 1110 Geology II GEO 1110, GEO 3200, GEO 3500, GEO 3550, GEO 3700, GEO 4500, GEO 5500 General Physics I PHYS 2010, PHYS 2110, PHYS 2210 General Physics II (sequential) PHYS 2020, PHYS 2120, PHYS 2220 Principles of Inorganic Chemistry I CHEM 1010, CHEM 1110, CHEM 1210 Principles of Inorganic Chemistry II CHEM 1220 (sequential) Astronomy PHYS 1040 Ecology BIOL 2220 or NR 2220, BIOL 5590, WATS 4310, WATS 4500, WILD 3800, WILD 4600, WILD 4700 Weather/Meteorology GEO 5680, PSC 2000, PSC 5500, WATS 3820 Environmental Science

2 Gen. Biology or Gen. Botany and Gen. BIOL 1610 and BIOL 1620 (both required) Zoology Zoology ADVS 2220, BIOL 4500, BIOL 5550, BIOL 5560, BIOL 5570, BIOL 5580, BIOL 5600, WATS 5550 Botany BIOL 4400, BIOL 4410, PSC 3500 Ecology I BIOL 2220 or NR 2220 Ecology II BIOL 5590, WATS 4310, WATS 4500, WILD 3800, WILD 4600, WILD 4700 Principles of Inorganic Chemistry I CHEM 1010, CHEM 1110, CHEM 1210 Principles of Inorganic Chemistry II CHEM 1220 (sequential) Evolutionary Biology BIOL 5250 Earth Systems Science GEO 5680, PSC 2000, PSC 5500, WATS 3000, WATS 3820 Geology GEO 1010, GEO 1110, GEO 3200, GEO 3500, GEO 3550, GEO 3700, GEO 4500, GEO 5500 Statistics STAT 1040, STAT 1045, STAT 2000, STAT 3000 Physical Science Principles of Inorganic Chemistry I CHEM 1010, CHEM 1110, CHEM 1210 Principles of Inorganic Chemistry II CHEM 1220 (sequential) Advanced or Applied Chemistry CHEM 3650, CHEM 3700,CHEM 5070, CHEM 5670, CHEM 5700 General Physics I PHYS 2010, PHYS 2110, PHYS 2210 General Physics II (sequential) PHYS 2020, PHYS 2120, PHYS 2220 Advanced or Applied Physics PHYS 2710, PHYS 3550, PHYS 3600, PHYS 3700, PHYS 3710, PHYS 3750, PHYS 4600, PHYS 4650, PHYS 4700 Geology and/or Earth Science I GEO 1010, GEO 1110, GEO 3200, GEO 3500, GEO 3550, GEO 3700, GEO 4500, GEO 5500, GEO 5680, PSC 2000, PSC 5500, WATS 3000, WATS 3820 Geology and/or Earth Science II GEO 1010, GEO 1110, GEO 3200, GEO 3500, GEO 3550, GEO 3700, GEO 4500, GEO 5500, GEO 5680, PSC 2000, PSC 5500, WATS 3000, WATS 3820 (different than one above For Geology/Earth Science I) Physics

3 General Physics I PHYS 2010, PHYS 2110, PHYS 2210 General Physics II (sequential) PHYS 2020, PHYS 2120, PHYS 2220 Advanced and or Modern Physics I PHYS 2710, PHYS 3550, PHYS 3600, PHYS 3700, PHYS 3710, PHYS 3750, PHYS 4600, PHYS 4650, PHYS 4700 Advanced and or Modern Physics II PHYS 2710, PHYS 3550, PHYS 3600, PHYS 3700, PHYS 3710, PHYS 3750, PHYS 4600, PHYS 4650, PHYS 4700 (different than one above For Advanced or Modern Physics I) Math through introductory Calculus MATH 1100, MATH 1210, MATH 1220, MATH 2210 Course Descriptions: ADVS Anatomy and Physiology of Animals 4 credits Normal structure and function studied systematically. Comparative livestock, poultry, pleasure and companion animals, laboratory animals, and humans. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1620 BIOL Biology I 4 credits Principles of cell biology, energetics, and genetics; plant structure, function, and development. Three lectures and one lab. To receive University Studies Breadth Life Sciences (BLS) credit, students must complete both BIOL 1610 and either BIOL 1620 or BIOL The BIOL 1610 and BIOL 3300 option for BLS credit is available only to students majoring in Biological Engineering or Environmental Engineering. The BIOL 1610 and BIOL 3060 option for BLS credit is available only to students in the Bioinformatics Emphasis of the Computer Science Major. BIOL Biology II 4 credits Animal structure, function, and development; principles of evolution, ecology, and behavior. Three lectures and one lab. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL BIOL General Ecology 3 credits Study of the interrelationships among organisms and their environments, addressing where and how organisms live. Adaptation, population growth, species interactions, biodiversity, and ecosystem function are explored for a wide variety of organisms and ecosystems. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1610 and BIOL 1620, (BIOL 1620 can be taken concurrently) BIOL Human Anatomy 4 credits Study of the human body, with emphasis on the structure of each of the body s essential organ systems. Three lectures, one lab. As preparation for this course, it is highly recommended that students have a background in basic biology and/or human biology. BIOL Human Physiology 4 credits Functioning of the human body, with emphasis upon major organ systems. Medical and athletic examples used to illustrate important concepts. Three lectures, one lab. Prerequisite/Restriction: Any

4 one of the following: USU 1350, BIOL 1010, BIOL 1500, BIOL 1610, BIOL 2060, BIOL 2320, CHEM 1010, CHEM 1110, CHEM 1210, AP Biology or AP Chemistry with a score of 3 or higher. BIOL Principles of Genetics (QI) 4 credits Introduction to transmission, population, and molecular aspects of modern genetics. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1610; CHEM 1110 or CHEM The BIOL 1610 and 3060 option for BLS credit is available only to students in the Bioinformatics Emphasis of the Computer Science Major. BIOL General Microbiology 4 credits Biology, ecology, and diversity of microorganisms. Emphasis placed on bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists, and their role in the environment. Two lectures, two labs. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1610 (with a grade of C- or better); CHEM 1120 or CHEM 1220 or CHEM 2300 or CHEM 2310 (may be taken concurrently). To receive University Studies Breadth Life Sciences (BLS) credit, students must complete both BIOL 1610 and BIOL The BIOL 1610 and BIOL 3300 option for BLS credit is available only to students majoring in Biological Engineering or Environmental Engineering. BIOL Plant Physiology (QI) 4 credits Introduction to plant metabolism, water relations, and growth. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1620; MATH 1050 or higher. BIOL Plant Structure 3 credits Morphology, anatomy, and development of seed plants, with an emphasis on angiosperms. Two lectures and one lab. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL BIOL Applied Entomology 3 credits Fundamentals of insect biology, emphasizing species of economic importance. Principles and tactics of pest management. Laboratory includes survey of beneficial and harmful insects affecting humans and agriculture. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1610 and BIOL BIOL Advanced Human Physiology 5 credits Advanced study of the functions of the human body, emphasizing major organ systems. Four lectures and one lab. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1620 or BIOL 2320; or permission of instructor. BIOL Evolutionary Biology 3 credits Current topics in organic evolution from molecular to macroevolutionary scales. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 3060 or WILD 4880 or permission of instructor; BIOL 2220/NR 2220 recommended. BIOL Freshwater Invertebrates 3 credits Ecology, collection, and systematics of freshwater aquatic invertebrates. Focuses on insects, but also covers crustaceans, molluscs, and annelids. Several weekend field trips and a collection are required. Prerequisite/Restriction: One year of general biology or zoology, or permission of instructor. BIOL 5560 Ornithology 3 credits

5 Surveys evolution, systematics, physiology, anatomy, ecology, behavior, and identification of birds. Includes lectures, laboratory and field exercises, field trips, and an independent project. Attendance required at one Saturday and one Friday-Sunday field trip.prerequisite/restriction: BIOL BIOL 5570 Herpetology 3 credits Evolution, adaptations, distribution, natural history, behavior, and identification of amphibians and reptiles of the world, with special emphasis on North American species. Two lectures and one lab. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL BIOL 5580 Mammalogy 3 credits Evolution, adaptations, distribution, natural history, behavior, and identification of mammals of the world, with special emphasis on North American species. Two lectures and one lab. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL BIOL Animal Community Ecology 4 credits Concepts and controversies in modern community ecology emphasizing aquatic and terrestrial animals. Covers the community concept, diversity and stability, null models, relative importance of competition and predation, food webs, disturbance, meta-populations, biogeography, and new directions. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 2220, STAT BIOL Comparative Animal Physiology 3 credits Principles and mechanisms of physiology in vertebrate and invertebrate animals. For graduate (6000- level) credit, additional reading, recitation, and/or writing will be required. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1620 and one of CHEM 1110, CHEM 1120, and CHEM 1220; or permission of instructor. BIOL Cell Biology 3 credits Examines the mechanisms of cell structure and function at the molecular level. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1620, BIOL 3060; CHEM 2300 or CHEM 2320; CHEM CHEM Introduction to Chemistry (BPS) 3 credits For non-science majors. Includes basic chemical concepts and a survey of the various branches of chemistry. Heavy emphasis on everyday applications to problems involving environmental pollution, radioactivity, energy sources, and human health. CHEM General Chemistry I (BPS) 4 credits For non-science majors. This course is designed for students whose major does not require the more mathematically intensive CHEM 1210 or CHEM 1220 courses. First of a two-semester sequence. Progression is made from the basic tenets of general chemistry through an introduction to organic chemistry, with topics being presented in order of practical importance and sophistication. Prerequisite/Restriction: Math ACT score of at least 23, or MATH 1050 or higher; or co-requisite of MATH CHEM Principles of Chemistry I 4 credits First of a two-semester sequence, covering fundamentals of chemistry. Designed for science and

6 engineering students. Prerequisite/Restriction: Math ACT score of at least 25, or MATH 1050 or higher; or co-requisite of MATH High school chemistry recommended. CHEM Principles of Chemistry II 4 credits Continuation of CHEM 1210; the second half of a two-semester sequence, covering the fundamentals of chemistry. Designed for science and engineering students. Prerequisite/Restriction: CHEM 1210 CHEM Organic Chemistry I 4 credits First of a two semester sequence covering the physical properties, nomenclature, stereochemistry, mechanisms, chemical reactivity, and spectroscopy of organic compounds, including the biological roles and importance of organic compounds. The CHEM 2310/ CHEM 2320 sequence constitutes a more in-depth examination of the topics covered in CHEM Students should consult with their advisor to determine which Organic Chemistry course is required for their major. Prerequisite/Restriction: CHEM 1220 CHEM Organic Chemistry II 4 credits Continuation of CHEM The second half of a two semester sequence covering the physical properties, nomenclature, stereochemistry, mechanisms, chemical reactivity, and spectroscopy of organic compounds, including the biological roles and importance of organic compounds. Upon completion, students will be prepared to understand the chemical aspects of biochemistry as they relate to how organic biomolecules react and interact in biological systems. Prerequisite/Restriction: CHEM 2310 or CHEM 2300 and permission of instructor. CHEM Environmental Chemistry (DSC) 3 credits Survey of issues and chemical nature of environmental problems, including air, soil, and water pollution. Prerequisite/Restriction: CHEM 1010 or CHEM 1120 or CHEM CHEM Introductory Biochemistry 3 credits Brief survey of the chemistry of biologically important compounds and their role in microbial, animal, and plant metabolism. Prerequisite/Restriction: CHEM 2300 or CHEM CHEM Biophysical Chemistry 3 credits Biological applications and theories of physical chemistry. Equilibrium, thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, transport properties, and spectroscopy.prerequisite/restriction: CHEM 1220; MATH 1220; and PHYS 2120 or PHYS CHEM Intermediate Environmental Chemistry 3 credits Survey of chemical processes and pollutants in the environment. Sampling and analysis of pollutants to determine chemical fate. Prerequisite/Restriction: CHEM 3000 and CHEM 3005; CHEM 3070 recommended. CHEM General Biochemistry I 3 credits General biochemistry for science majors, including proteins, enzymes, catalysis, bioenergetics, and catabolic metabolism. Prerequisite/Restriction: CHEM 2320.

7 GEO Introduction to Geology (BPS) 3 credits Introduces plate tectonics, minerals, rocks, water resources, geological hazards, internal and external geologic processes, and a geologic history of the earth. GEO Physical Geology (BPS) 3 credits Covers both the internal and external processes shaping the earth. Major topics covered include plate tectonics, minerals, volcanism, igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, earthquakes, mass wasting, and landforms associated with streams, ground water, glaciation, deserts and coastal processes. GEO The Earth Through Time (DSC) 4 credits Investigates dynamic nature of Earth s physical and biological processes, and how these processes have shaped Earth s 4.5 billion-year history. Emphasis on interpretation of the story of the geologic record (rocks and landforms) and Earth s sequential physical and biological changes. Three lectures and one two-hour lab per week. Prerequisite/Restriction: GEO 1010 or GEO GEO Minerals and Rocks 4 credits Introduction to minerals and the principles of crystallography, focusing on rock-forming and ore minerals. Provides overview of petrology and introduction to igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks, including X-ray and optical identification techniques. Three lectures and one three-hour lab per week. Prerequisite/Restriction: GEO 1110 and MATH 1060 or MATH 1210 Corequisite: CHEM 1210 GEO Sedimentation and Stratigraphy 4 credits Classification and analysis of sedimentary rocks and structures, with an emphasis on the interpretation of ancient sedimentary environments. Controls on sedimentary processes over time. Principles of stratigraphic correlation. Three lectures and one lab per week. Prerequisite/Restriction: GEO 3200 and GEO 3500 and either MATH 1060 or MATH 1210 GEO Structural Geology 4 credits Examination of the geometries, mechanisms, and mechanics of rock deformation, including stress and strain relationships, fault and fold classification and description. Labs present techniques to interpret deformed rocks in map, cross section, and three-dimensional views. Three lectures and one lab per week. Prerequisite/Restriction: Prerequisite or corequisite: PHYS 2210 and PHYS 2215 GEO Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology 4 credits Origin, processes of formation, classification, and identification of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Study of igneous and metamorphic rocks in hand specimens and thin sections. Three lectures and one three-hour lab per week. Prerequisite/Restriction: GEO GEO Advanced Igneous Petrology 4 credits Advanced concepts in the origin and evolution of magmatic systems, effects of different tectonothermal regimes on magma genesis, magma dynamics, and phase equilibria in magmatic systems. Concepts illustrated by rock suites from classic locations. Three lectures and three laboratory hours each week. Prerequisite/Restriction: GEO 4500 or equivalent.

8 GEO 5600 Geochemistry 3 credits Application of thermodynamics, solution chemistry, phase diagrams, and both radioactive and stable isotopes to the understanding of earth processes. Three lectures per week. Prerequisite/Restriction: CHEM 1210, CHEM 1220, GEO 3500 and MATH 1210 GEO 5680 Paleoclimatology 3 credits Covers climate through the past four billion years of geologic time. Explores driving forces behind climate changes. Examines data and methods used in paleoclimate research. Includes discussion of literature and stresses local paleoclimate records. Three lectures per week, along with field trips. Prerequisite/Restriction: GEO 3600/WATS 3600 or permission of instructor. MATH Calculus Techniques (QL) 3 credits Techniques of elementary calculus, differentiation, integration, elementary optimization, and introduction to partial derivatives. Applications in business, social science, and natural resources. Graphing calculator required. Prerequisite/Restriction: One of the following within the last year or three consecutive semesters (including summer); ACT Math score of at least 25; SAT Math score of at least 580; AP Calculus AB score of at least 3; Grade of C- or better in MATH 1050; or satisfactory score on the Math Placement Exam. MATH Calculus I (QL) 4 credits Analytic geometry, differential and integral calculus, transcendental functions, and applications. Graphing calculator required. Prerequisite/Restriction: One of the following within the last year or three consecutive semesters (including summer); ACT Math score of at least 27; SAT Math score of at least 620; AP Calculus AB score of at least 3; Grade of C- or better in MATH 1050 and MATH 1060; or satisfactory score on the Math Placement Exam. NR General Ecology 3 credits Study of the interrelationships among organisms, humans, and their environments, addressing where and how organisms live. Adaptation, population growth, species interactions, biodiversity, and ecosystem function are explored for a wide variety of organisms and ecosystems. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1610 and BIOL 1620, (BIOL 1620 can be taken concurrently) PHYS Introductory Astronomy (BPS) 3 credits Exploration of solar system and universe. Laws of motion, fundamental interactions, structure of matter, electromagnetic radiation, and conceptual models of celestial motions. Conceptual and quantitative homework problems and exams, along with writing assignments and observation reports, are required. Facility with high school mathematics is expected. PHYS General Physics I 4 credits An algebra based physics course on the study of motion and heat including 1-D and 2-D kinematics, Newton s three laws of motion, rotations, laws of gravitation, periodic motion, and mechanical waves

9 including sound. Heat topics will include calorimetry, the three laws of Thermodynamics, the meaning of temperature, and heat as a process or transfer of energy. Class will be taught using lectures, demonstration, videos, and group problem solving. Students will be required to explain their homework solutions on the board to the entire class. Can be used by science majors to complete the Physical Science General Education requirement. Intended for students seeking to enter dental, pharmacy, veterinarian programs and life science areas. Prerequisite/Restriction: MATH 1060 PHYS General Physics II 4 credits An algebra based physics course on the study of electricity, magnetism and light. Covers forces between point charges, the ideas of electric potentials, the relationship between potential, charge and energy. Other E-M material covered will include basic AC and DC circuits, forces on currents in magnetic fields, and the relationship between electricity and light. Light topics covered will include geometric optics, lenses and mirrors and the wave nature of light, diffraction and interference. Taught using lectures, demonstrations, videos, and group problem solving. Students will be required to explain their homework solutions on the board to the entire class. Can be used by science majors to complete the Physical Science General Education requirement. Prerequisite/Restriction: PHYS 2010 and PHYS 2015 PHYS General Physics - Life Sciences I 4 credits Study of kinematics and dynamics of particles and systems of particles. Introduction to Newton s Laws of motion, momentum and energy conservation, rotations, and thermodynamics, with applications in biology and biotechnology. Required recitation and lab. Prerequisite/Restriction: MATH 1100 or MATH PHYS General Physics - Life Sciences II (BPS) 4 credits Introduction to electromagnetism, optics, and quantum phenomena including the microscopic structure of matter, with applications in biology and biotechnology. Required recitation and lab. Prerequisite/Restriction: MATH 1100 or MATH 1210, PHYS PHYS Physics for Scientists and Engineers I (QI) 4 credits The study of motion and thermal physics including vectors, kinematics, forces, Newton s three laws of motion, circular motion and rotations, harmonic motion, momentum, energy and work, gravity, fluids, and thermodynamics. Lecture and required recitation. Prerequisite/Restriction: MATH PHYS Physics for Scientists and Engineers II (BPS/QI) 4 credits The study of waves, electricity and magnetism, optics, and quantum phenomena. Topics include electric and magnetic forces and fields, electric potential, Maxwell s equations, DC and AC circuits, geometrical optics, wave nature of light, special relativity, and atomic, molecular, nuclear phenomena. Lecture and required recitation. Prerequisite/Restriction: MATH 1210; PHYS 2200 or PHYS 2210, or a minimum score of 4 or higher on the AP Physics B exam, or a minimum score of 3 on the AP Physics C (Mechanics) exam. PHYS Introductory Modern Physics 3 credits Overview of the origins, principles, and practical applications of quantum mechanics. Atomic structure

10 and periodic table, molecular bonding, solids, electronic properties of metals and semiconductors, and superconductivity. Prerequisite/Restriction: MATH 1220, PHYS 2120 or PHYS PHYS Intermediate Classical Mechanics 3 credits Newton s laws of motion, work and energy, systems of particles, Lagrange s and Hamilton s equations, accelerated reference frames, central force problem, harmonic oscillations, and rigid body rotations. PHYS Electromagnetism I 3 credits Electrostatics, electric potential, current, magnetostatics, induction, AC circuits, Maxwell s equations, and electromagnetic waves.prerequisite/restriction: PHYS 2710, MATH 2210; MATH 2250 (may be taken concurrently). PHYS Thermal Physics 3 credits Rigorous treatment of laws of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Concepts of work, temperature, heat, energy, and entropy; and their application to reversible and irreversible processes. Criteria for equilibrium. Prerequisite/Restriction: PHYS PHYS Intermediate Modern Physics 3 credits Introduction to the principles and applications of special and general relativity. Space-time, relativistic kinematics and dynamics, gravity and geometry, black holes, Big Bang, nuclei, radioactivity, and nuclear reactions. Interconnections between modern cosmology and elementary particle physics. Prerequisite/Restriction: MATH 1220, PHYS 2120 or PHYS PHYS Foundations of Wave Phenomena 3 credits Survey of wave phenomena in physics, with emphasis on application of mathematical techniques to the wave equation, Schrodinger equation, and Maxwell equations. Prerequisite/Restriction: PHYS 2710, MATH 2210, MATH PHYS Electromagnetism II 3 credits Potential formulations of electrodynamics, energy and momentum, waves and boundary conditions, waves in dielectrics and conductors, guided waves, dipole radiation, and relativistic electrodynamics. Prerequisite/Restriction: PHYS 3550, PHYS 3600, PHYS PHYS Optics I 3 credits Topics include mathematics of wave motion, electromagnetic theory of light, light propagation, geometrical optics, and superposition of waves. For graduate (6000-level) credit, additional reading, recitation, use of optical-design software, and/or writing will be required. Prerequisite/Restriction: PHYS 2710, MATH 2210, MATH 2250; or ECE PHYS Quantum Mechanics I 3 credits Principles of quantum mechanics, operators in Hilbert space, matrix mechanics, angular momentum, spin, perturbation theory, and applications. Prerequisite/Restriction: PHYS 3550, PHYS 3600, PHYS 3750.

11 PSC The Atmosphere and Weather (BPS) 3 credits Survey of the processes governing the behavior of the atmosphere and the phenomenon of weather. Basic physical principles of radiation, energy, evaporation, and heat transport are introduced and connected to atmospheric circulation and weather. PSC Structure and Function of Plants 3 credits Introduction to principles of plant physiology and fundamentals of plant anatomy, emphasizing implications for management and utilization. Prerequisite/Restriction: Integrated Science or comparable breadth course, BIOL 1010 or BIOL PSC Environmental Physics of Land Ecosystems and Climate 3 credits How terrestrial ecosystems and climate affect each other at various scales, from microclimates, to regional and finally global climate. Quantitative exploration of the biophysical processes that connect the land and climate. STAT Introduction to Statistics 3 credits Descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Emphasis on conceptual understanding and statistical thinking. Examples presented from many different areas. Prerequisite/Restriction: One of the following within the last year or three consecutive semesters (including summer); ACT Math score of 19 or higher; SAT Math score of 460 or higher; AP Calculus AB score of at least 3; Grade of C or better in MATH 0995 or MATH 1010; Grade of C- or better in MATH 1050 or MATH 1100; or satisfactory score on the Math Placement Exam. STAT Introduction to Statistics with Elements of Algebra (QL) 5 credits Intro to statistics with an emphasis on conceptual understanding and statistical reasoning. Foundational algebra, types of studies, summarizing data, probability, hypothesis testing. NOTE: This course does NOT meet the prerequisites for MATH Prerequisite/Restriction: One of the following within the last year or three consecutive semesters (including summer): ACT Math score of 17 or higher; SAT Math score of 420 or higher; or Grade of C- or better in MATH 0950 or a higher level mathematics course; or satisfactory score on the Math Placement Exam. STAT Statistical Methods 4 credits Introduction to statistical concepts, graphical techniques, probability, distributions, estimation, one and two sample testing, chi-square tests, and simple linear regression, one-way ANOVA. Prerequisite/Restriction: One of the following within the last year or three consecutive semesters (including summer); ACT Math score of at least 25; SAT Math score of at least 580; Grade of C- or better in MATH 1050 or MATH 1100; or satisfactory score on the Math Placement Exam. STAT Statistics for Scientists 3 credits Introduction to statistical concepts, graphical techniques, discrete and continuous distributions, parameter estimation, hypothesis testing, and chi-square tests. Prerequisite/Restriction: C- or better in MATH 1100 or MATH 1210.

12 WATS Oceanography 3 credits Examines fundamental interrelationships between physical environment of the oceans and the life forms they support. Suitable for non-biologists. WATS Climate and Climate Change 3 credits Emphasizes physical basis of climate (climate dynamics), as well as the mechanisms and processes for its fluctuations on sub-seasonal to inter-annual time scales (climate variations) and on regional to hemispheric/global time scales. Prerequisite/Restriction: GEO 1110 or GEOG 1000 WATS Climate and Climate Change 3 credits Emphasizes physical basis of climate (climate dynamics), as well as the mechanisms and processes for its fluctuations on sub-seasonal to inter-annual time scales (climate variations) and on regional to hemispheric/global time scales. Prerequisite/Restriction: GEO 1110 or GEOG 1000 WATS Wetland Ecology and Management 3 credits Explores the physical, chemical, and biological structure of wetlands. Focuses on the major types of wetlands found in North America, as well as their ecology and management; U.S. wetland policy and mitigation; and regional, national, and global impacts on restoration of wetlands. Prerequisite/Restriction: WATS 3700 WATS Limnology: Ecology of Inland Waters 3 credits Ecosystem analysis of physical, chemical, and biological interactions in lakes and streams. Application of these concepts for managing aquatic system. Graduate students write an additional research paper and present a lecture. Prerequisite/Restriction: CHEM WATS Freshwater Invertebrates 3 credits Ecology, collection, and systematics of freshwater aquatic invertebrates. Focuses on insects, but also covers crustaceans, molluscs, and annelids. Several weekend field trips and a collection are required. Prerequisite/Restriction: One year of general biology or zoology, or permission of instructor. WILD Wildland Plants and Ecosystems 4 credits Autecology and identification of dominant plants in important terrestrial ecosystems of the Intermountain West, and the structure, function, and dynamics of those ecosystems as related to the environment. Enrollment limited to WILD Department majors. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1620 and NR 2220 or BIOL 2220 WILD Conservation Biology 3 credits Patterns and processes creating biological diversity. Causes and consequences of diversity losses from genes to ecosystems, including habitat fragmentation and exotic invasion. Conservation laws and organizations. Approaches to conserving diversity loss, including reserve design, corridors, and species reintroductions. Prerequisite/Restriction: NR 2220/BIOL WILD Ecological Foundations of Restoration 3 credits An advanced plant ecology course emphasizing topics especially relevant to successful establishment

13 of plants in disturbed environments and restoration of functioning dynamic ecosystems. It covers basic ecological processes from the population the ecosystem level and applications to ecological restoration. Prerequisite/Restriction: BIOL 1610, BIOL 1620 and NR 2220 or BIOL 2220