The Aerosol Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (AIMS): Instrument development and first experimental results

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1 The Aerosol Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (AIMS): Instrument development and first experimental results A. Kürten 1, J. Curtius 1 and S. Borrmann 1,2 1 Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany 2 Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany The principle of ion trap MS Ions OUT Ion trap consists of: 2 end cap electrodes 1 ring electrode Ions are stored by applying an rf voltage to the ring electrode By ramping the rf amplitude ions become unstable in the vertical direction Mass spectrum from: m/z V rf Trapping efficiency is increased by adding Helium at ~ mtorr (reduction of ion kinetical energy) Ions IN 1

2 Why build another aerosol mass spectrometer? Advantages of an ion trap compared to a linear quadrupole: Long trapping periods fast ion ejection (high duty cycle) All ions of different chemical identities coming from the same particle are stored and analyzed (e.g. study of few large particles) Ion-molecule reactions inside the trap can be studied Filtered noise fields; ejection of unwanted ions (e.g. air ion peaks) Mass range extension without changes in the hardware Size comparable to AMS suitable for field measurements In-house developed instrument allows adjustment and control of all individual components (hardware and software) MS/MS-studies MS/MS : multiple stages of mass-selective operation used for ion structure determination MS 2 Mass spectrum recording Isolation of a single (m/z) Resonant excitation Collisions with He and fragmentation MS n Isolation of next ion e.g. differentiation of mass 43: C 3 H 7 or C 2 H 3 O 2

3 TMP Inlet + Aerodynamic lens Detector p p TMP Ion trap Einzel lens He supply p TMP Chopper Heater + Ion source TMP Jayne et al., 2000 Alfarra, 2004 Ion Trap part AMS part 3

4 The ion trap and the electronics Heater Ion source Ring electrode In-house built electronics: - Voltage source for ion optics -Ion source andrf-generator supply -Verycompact Ion trajectory simulations with SIMION 3D 7.0 Trapping efficiency depends on many factors, e.g. - Electrode geometry - Applied voltages - Buffer gas pressure These factors can be optimized with SIMION: - Software for calculation of ion trajectories in magnetic and electric fields - Effect of buffer gas and time dependent electric fields can be included by user defined programs 4

5 Typical simulation result for the ion trapping process End-cap electrodes are grounded, rf-voltage is applied to the ring electrode First results Heater without electron impaction ion source: Na + and K + from surface ionization 5

6 Example of first try-outs with aerosol particles Heater with EI source and Ammonium Nitrate particles Ammonia NO + Nitrate NH 3 + NO 2 +? Questions: - Why large m/z 19 peak? - Where is m/z 28? Summary A novel mass spectrometer for aerosol particles (AIMS) has been set-up consisting of in-house built components First spectra have been recorded (including aerosol particles) Several technical problems remain to be solved and set-up has to be optimized 6

7 Outlook Installation of an UV Ionization Source Advantage: Lower ionization energy less fragmentation therefore better differentiation of organics possible MS/MS Experiments Size resolved spectra by synchronizing a chopper with a gate electrode Acknowledgement We thank: -Ned Lovejoy - Thomas Böttger -Frank Helleis - Karl-Heinz Bückhardt - The mechanical and electronics workshops of the MPI and the IPA Funding: - DFG Interdisciplinary Research Training Group Program on Trace analysis of elemental species: Development of methods and applications - Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz - Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry Mainz 7

8 Operation of the ion trap as a mass spectrometer trap is emptied ion ejection all ions trapped rf amplitude: Time Signal Trapping period can be long compared to ion ejection time high duty cycle m/z Ion injection into the trap End-cap electrodes and ring electrode are grounded 8

9 Ion source Ring electrode Gate End cap electrodes Trap Ramp empty Ring / ac voltage amplitude Gate / dc voltage amplitude End caps Time The electric field in an ion trap High frequency electric field causes trapping potential by adding a light buffer gas (e.g. helium at a pressure of mtorr) Ions lose kinetic energy through collisions Trapping efficiency is enhanced ~ 1 MHz 9

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