Powering Lithium Sulfur Battery Performance by Propelling. Polysulfide Redox at Sulfiphilic Hosts
|
|
- Abigayle Newman
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Supporting Information Powering Lithium Sulfur Battery Performance by Propelling Polysulfide Redox at Sulfiphilic Hosts Zhe Yuan,, Hong-Jie Peng,, Ting-Zheng Hou,, Jia-Qi Huang, Cheng-Meng Chen, Dai-Wei Wang, Xin-Bing Cheng, Fei Wei, Qiang Zhang *, Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing , China Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 Taoyuan South Road, Taiyuan , China * (Q. Zhang) Z. Y., H.-J. P., and T.-Z. H. contributed equally to the work. SI1
2 1. Supplementary Text Experimental section 1.1. Material characterization The morphologies of the samples were characterized by a JSM 7401F (JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) SEM operating at 3.0 kv and a JEM 2010 (JEOL Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) TEM operating at kv. The structure of cobalt disulfide was determined by an X-ray powder diffractometer (D8-Advance, Bruker, Germany). The thermogravimetric analysis was performed using TGA/DSC1 STARe system under N 2 atmosphere. BET specific surface area of the CoS 2 and graphene samples was calculated from N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherm collected with Autosorb-IQ2-MP-C system Synthesis of graphene Graphene was synthesized according to a previously reported route. 1 Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized in advance via a modified Hummers method while graphene was obtained by thermally annealing GO at 250 C under vacuum. To clarify the influence of oxygen functional groups on graphene, graphene with less oxygen content was prepared by thermally annealing GO at higher temperature of 1000 o C under vacuum and was denoted as HT-G Synthesis of CoS 2 and CoS 2 + graphene (CoS 2 + G) mixture CoS 2 was synthesized by a hydrothermal process as reported previously. 2 CoCl 2 6H 2 O (5 mmol) and Na 2 S 2 O 3 (10 mmol) were dissolved in 25 ml of deionized water. The pink solution was transferred into a 40 ml Teflon-lined autoclave and was maintained at 140 C SI2
3 for 12 h. CoS 2 powder was obtained by vacuum filtration and drying at 60 C. CoS 2 + G mixture was fabricated by milling graphene and CoS 2 powder in a mortar at designated weight ratios (70:30 and 85:15) Visualized adsorption test Li 2 S 4 solution was prepared by adding Li 2 S and sulfur at a molar ratio of 1:3 in DME followed by vigorous magnetic stirring. Solutions with Li 2 S 4 concentration of 10 mmol L -1 (1.4 mg ml -1 ) were used for adsorption test. CoS 2 and graphene with same surface area of 0.3 m 2 were added to 3.0 ml of Li 2 S 4 /DME solutions separately, and the mixtures were vigorously stirred to realize thorough adsorption. 3.0 ml Li 2 S 4 /DME solution was used as a comparison. The suspensions were centrifuged before photographs were taken, because no difference in polysulfide adsorption could be observed as both suspension were black before centrifugation. CoS 2 and CoS 2 (30 %) + G with the same weight (20.0 mg) were also used for static adsorption with the same procedures Li S cell assembly and measurements Sulfur/host composites were fabricated via a melt-diffusion method. 60 mg of host materials (CoS 2 + G mixture or graphene) were separately mixed with 180 mg sulfur by milling in a mortar. The mixtures were co-heated at 155 C in a sealed flask for 3.0 h. The as-obtained composites with Ketjen black and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) binder at a weight ratio of 80:10:10 were dispersed in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) to form slurry by magnetic stirring for 16.0 h. Positive electrodes were fabricated by coating the slurry on aluminum foils, drying at 60 C for 6.0 h and punching the foil into small disks with a SI3
4 diameter of 13.0 mm. Electrochemical measurements were conducted in standard 2025 coin-type cells. In Li S battery assembly, lithium foils were used as counter electrode, and Celgard 2400 polypropylene membranes worked as separators. The electrolyte was 1.0 mol L -1 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) dissolved in mixed solvent of 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) and DME (v/v = 1/1) with 1 wt% of LiNO 3 as additive. Typical sulfur loading was 0.4 mg cm -2 with the consideration of avoiding diffusion resistance and full demonstration of composite cathode materials for Li S batteries. A practical electrode with an areal loading amount of 2.9 mg cm -2 was also prepared for Li S cells with high energy density. 12 μl electrolyte was added to each Li S cell. The cells were galvanostatically cycled within a voltage range of V on a Neware multichannel battery tester under different C rates. Cyclic voltammetric (CV) measurements were conducted on a Solartron 1470E electrochemical workstation at a scanning rate of 0.1 mv s -1. Certain cells cycled at 0.2 C were disassembled at charged, discharged and half-discharged (beginning of the lower plateau) states, whose cathode were used for SEM and TEM characterizations before washed by DOL/DME and dried under Ar atmosphere Symmetrical cell assembly and measurements. The electrodes for symmetrical cells were fabricated without the presence of elemental sulfur. Each host material (CoS 2 + G mixture and graphene) and PVDF binder at a weight ratio of 3:1 were dispersed in NMP. Slurry was produced under stirring and was coated on aluminum foils. Electrode disks with a diameter of 13.0 mm were punched out of slurry-coated aluminum foils after thorough drying. Those disks were used as identical SI4
5 working and counter electrodes, while 40 μl electrolyte containing 0.5 mol L -1 Li 2 S 6 and 1 mol L -1 LiTFSI dissolved in DOL/DME (v/v = 1/1) was added. Li 2 S 6 was prepared by adding Li 2 S and S into corresponding solvent at a molar ratio of 1:5. Same electrolyte without Li 2 S 6 was used as a control. Electrodes with sulfur and Li 2 S were also prepared for symmetrical cell test. Sulfur electrodes were fabricated via the above-mentioned route, and Li 2 S electrodes were prepared by discharging sulfur cathodes to 1.0 V at 0.2 C. CV measurements of the symmetrical cells were performed at scan rate of 50 mv s -1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were conducted on a Solartron 1470E electrochemical workstation, using potentiostatic mode at open circuit potential. A sinusoidal voltage with an amplitude of 10 mv and a scanning frequency from 200 khz to 10 MHz were applied. The slight difference in electrode weight is uniformized for comparability Calculations The first principle calculations were conducted, using spin-polarized Perdew Burke Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange-correlation functional 3 in the framework of CASTEP 4 in Materials Studio of Accelrys Inc. A convergence criterion of ev Å -1 for the maximum final force was used for geometry optimization, and a convergence criteria of Å for the maximum final displacement and ev atom -1 for the total energy of the system was utilized for all computations. Vanderbilt-type ultrasoft pseudopotentials 5 were generated in slab calculations, and the free surfaces of CoS 2 slab was separated by a 15 Å vacuum layer. We used a Monkhorst Pack mesh 6 for the sampling of the SI5
6 Brillouin zone, whereas valence electrons were expanded within plane wave basis set with a cut-off energy of 300 ev. The threshold for self-consistent-field (SCF) density convergence was set to ev atom -1. Adsorption was allowed on only one side of the exposed surfaces, with the dipole moment corrected accordingly in the z direction. For quantitatively measuring the interaction between the substrates and Li 2 S 4, we defined the binding energy E b as follows: E b = E(Sub) + E(Li 2 S 4 ) E(Total) where E(Sub), E(Li 2 S 4 ), and E(Total) represent the total energies of the substrate, the Li 2 S 4 cluster, and the adsorption pair of the substrate and Li 2 S 4, respectively. SI6
7 2. Supplementary Figures Figure S1. Morphology of CoS 2 and CoS 2 + G. SEM images of (a) CoS 2 and (b, c) CoS 2 + G. The CoS 2 primary particles are indicated by white dotted circles in c. Scale bar, (a, b) 500 nm and (c) 10 μm. SI7
8 Figure S2. Material characterizations of CoS 2. (a) High-resolution TEM image with corresponding FFT pattern (inset) of CoS 2 secondary particles. Scale bars, 10 nm. (b) XRD pattern of as-synthesized CoS 2. SI8
9 Figure S3. N 2 sorption isotherm of (a) CoS 2 and (b) graphene. SI9
10 Figure S4. Visualized adsorption of Li 2 S 4 on graphene and pristine CoS 2 (30 %) + G with the same weight (20.0 mg). SI10
11 Figure S5. Top view of the optimized CoS 2 (111)/Li 2 S 4 adsorption geometry. Colored spheres of violet, yellow, and blue represent lithium, sulfur, and cobalt, respectively. SI11
12 Figure S6. Equivalent circuit used for fitting the EIS spectra of symmetrical cells. SI12
13 Figure S7. Sulfur content in composite cathodes. Thermogravimetric (TG) curves of sulfur cathodes with host materials of graphene, CoS 2 (15 %) + G, and CoS 2 (30 %) + G. SI13
14 Figure S8. Onset potential for Li S redox reactions. Differential CV curves of (a) G, (c) CoS 2 (15 %) + G, (e) CoS 2 (30 %) + G, and (g) HT-G. The baseline voltage and current density are defined as the value before the redox peak, where the variation on current density is the smallest, namely di/dv = 0. Baseline voltages are denoted in gray for cathodic peak I, II and in black for anodic peak III, respectively. CV curves and corresponding onset SI14
15 potentials of redox peak I, II, and III (inset): (b) G, (d) CoS 2 (15 %) + G, (f) CoS 2 (30 %) + G, and (h) HT-G. Following a common definition employed in electrocatalysis, the onset potential is determined when the current density goes 10 μa cm -2 beyond the corresponding baseline current density (more specifically, 10 μa cm -2 more negative than baseline current density for cathodic peaks or 10 μa cm -2 positive than baseline current density for anodic peaks). As shown in the inset of b, d, and f, the baseline voltages are the same as in a, c, and e while the colored region indicates the difference in current density (10 μa cm -2 ). SI15
16 Figure S9. Influence of annealing temperature on graphene electrodes. (a) CV curves of G and HT-G. (b) Onset potential of G, HT-G, CoS 2 (15 %) + G, and CoS 2 (30 %) + G. SI16
17 Figure S10. Stability of composite cathodes. Capacity retention of sulfur cathodes with host materials of graphene, CoS 2 (15 %) + G, and CoS 2 (30 %) + G at 0.5 C. SI17
18 Figure S11. Cycling performance of sulfur cathodes with host materials of G, HT-G, and CoS 2 (15 %) + G at 0.5 C. SI18
19 Figure S12. Reduced hysteresis by CoS 2 addition. Galvanostatic charge-discharge profiles of (a) S/G, (b) S/CoS 2 (15 %) + G, and (c) S/CoS 2 (30 %) + G cathodes at different current densities. (d) Polarization voltage and (e) rate performance of S/G, S/CoS 2 (15 %) + G, and S/CoS 2 (30 %) + G cathodes at different current densities. The polarization voltage was obtained at 50 % depth of discharge of each profile. SI19
20 Figure S13. Performance of high-sulfur-loading electrodes based on CoS 2 hosts. Discharge capacity of S/CoS 2 (15 %) + G electrodes with a high sulfur loading amount of 2.9 mg cm 2. The current density was set as 0.2 C after three cycles of activation under 0.1 C. SI20
21 Figure S14. Cyclic performance of CoS 2 (15 %) + G. A current density of 0.33 ma cm -2, equivalent to 0.5 C based on sulfur, was applied within a voltage window of V, using LiTFSI-DOL/DME as electrolyte. SI21
22 Figure S15. Sluggish kinetics of liquid-liquid conversion. EIS spectra of symmetrical cells (S S, Li 2 S 6 Li 2 S 6 and Li 2 S Li 2 S). SI22
23 Figure S16. Li 2 S nuclei. High resolution TEM image at intermediate state of S/CoS 2 (15 %) + G cathodes. Scale bar, 5 nm. SI23
24 Figure S17. Cyclic performance of S/CoS 2 (30 %) + G and S/G cathodes at 0.2 C. SI24
25 Figure S18. Correlations between surface areas of the electrode materials and specific capacities: CoS 2 /graphene hybrids (red) and pure graphene (blue). SI25
26 3. Supplementary Table Table S1. The fitting results of EIS spectra of symmetrical Li 2 S 6 -Li 2 S 6 cells. R s (Ω) R ct (Ω) Y dl (Ω -1 s n ) n dl CoS 2 (30 %) + G CoS 2 (15 %) + G G The constant phase element (CPE) impedance is expressed as: Z CPE =Y -1 (jω) -n. SI26
27 Table S2. The onset potential of sulfur cathodes with different host materials. Onset potential (V) Host materials I: S 8 Li 2 S x (x = II: Li 2 S x (x = 4-8) III: Li 2 S Li 2 S x (x 4-8) Li 2 S = 4-8) S 8 G HT-G CoS 2 (15 %) + G CoS 2 (30 %) + G SI27
28 4. Supplementary References (1) Chen, C. M.; Zhang, Q.; Yang, M. G.; Huang, C. H.; Yang, Y. G.; Wang, M. Z. Carbon 2012, 50, (2) Chen, X. H.; Fan, R. Chem. Mater. 2001, 13, (3) Perdew, J. P.; Burke, K.; Ernzerhof, M. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1996, 77, (4) Clark, S. J.; Segall, M. D.; Pickard, C. J.; Hasnip, P. J.; Probert, M. I. J.; Refson, K.; Payne, M. C. Z. Kristallogr. 2005, 220, (5) Vanderbilt, D. Phys. Rev. B 1990, 41, (6) Monkhorst, H. J.; Pack, J. D. Phys. Rev. B 1976, 13, SI28
A Highly Efficient Double-Hierarchical Sulfur Host for Advanced Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supporting Information A Highly Efficient Double-Hierarchical Sulfur Host for Advanced
More informationSupporting Information
Copyright WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany, 213. Supporting Information for Adv. Energy Mater., DOI: 1.12/aenm.2131565 Reduction of Graphene Oxide by Hydrogen Sulfide: A Promising
More informationSupplemental Information. Crumpled Graphene Balls Stabilized. Dendrite-free Lithium Metal Anodes
JOUL, Volume 2 Supplemental Information Crumpled Graphene Balls Stabilized Dendrite-free Lithium Metal Anodes Shan Liu, Aoxuan Wang, Qianqian Li, Jinsong Wu, Kevin Chiou, Jiaxing Huang, and Jiayan Luo
More informationSupporting Information An Interlaced Silver Vanadium Oxide-Graphene Hybrid with High Structural Stability for Use in Lithium Ion Batteries
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supporting Information An Interlaced Silver Vanadium Oxide-Graphene Hybrid with High Structural
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Information Stable cycling of lithium sulfide cathodes through strong affinity with a bifunctional binder Zhi Wei Seh, Qianfan Zhang, Weiyang Li, Guangyuan Zheng, Hongbin Yao,
More informationLow Cost Metal Carbide Nanocrystals as Binding and. Electrocatalytic Sites for High Performance Li-S Batteries
Supporting Information Low Cost Metal Carbide Nanocrystals as Binding and Electrocatalytic Sites for High Performance Li-S Batteries Fei Zhou 1,2, Zheng Li 3, Xuan Luo, 4 Tong Wu 5, Bin Jiang 4, Lei-Lei
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Facet-Selective Deposition of FeO x on α-moo 3 Nanobelts for Lithium Storage Yao Yao, 1 Nuo Xu, 2 Doudou Guan, 1 Jiantao Li, 1 Zechao Zhuang, 1 Liang Zhou,*,1 Changwei Shi 1, Xue
More informationSupporting Information for Atomic layer deposited TiO 2 on nitrogen-doped graphene/sulfur electrode for high performance lithiumsulfur
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supporting Information for Atomic layer deposited TiO 2 on nitrogen-doped
More informationSupporting Information. Electrocatalytic polysulfide-traps for controlling redox shuttle process of Li-S battery
Supporting Information Electrocatalytic polysulfide-traps for controlling redox shuttle process of Li-S battery Hesham Al Salem, Ganguli Babu, Chitturi V. Rao and Leela Mohana Reddy Arava * Department
More informationAn inorganic-organic hybrid supramolecular nanotube as high-performance anode for lithium ion batteries
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Dalton Transactions. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 An inorganic-organic hybrid supramolecular nanotube as high-performance anode for lithium
More informationSupporting Information
Copyright WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany, 2016. Supporting Information for Adv. Mater., DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604015 High Performance Graphene/Ni 2 P Hybrid Anodes for Lithium
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information (ESI)
Electronic Supplementary material (ESI) for Nanoscale Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials by Using Metal-Cyanide Coordination Polymers and Their Lithium Storage
More informationMacroporous bubble graphene film via template-directed ordered-assembly for high rate supercapacitors
Electronic Supporting Information for Macroporous bubble graphene film via template-directed ordered-assembly for high rate supercapacitors Cheng-Meng Chen* a, Qiang Zhang b, Chun-Hsien Huang c, Xiao-Chen
More informationBoosting rate capability of hard carbon with an ether-based. electrolyte for sodium ion batteries
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) Boosting rate capability of
More informationMacroporous bubble graphene film via template-directed ordered-assembly for high rate supercapacitors
Electronic Supporting Information for Macroporous bubble graphene film via template-directed ordered-assembly for high rate supercapacitors Cheng-Meng Chen* a, Qiang Zhang b, Chun-Hsien Huang c, Xiao-Chen
More informationSynthesis of Oxidized Graphene Anchored Porous. Manganese Sulfide Nanocrystal via the Nanoscale Kirkendall Effect. for supercapacitor
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Synthesis of Oxidized Graphene Anchored Porous Manganese Sulfide Nanocrystal
More informationStabilization of polysulfides via lithium bonds for Li S batteries
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supporting Information Stabilization of polysulfides via lithium bonds
More informationUltrathin V 2 O 5 Nanosheet Cathodes: Realizing Ultrafast Reversible Lithium Storage
Supplementary Information for Ultrathin V 2 O 5 Nanosheet Cathodes: Realizing Ultrafast Reversible Lithium Storage Xianhong Rui, ab Ziyang Lu, a Hong Yu, a Dan Yang, a Huey Hoon Hng, a Tuti Mariana Lim,*
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Electronic Supplementary Information Self-supported formation of hierarchical
More informationThin Multifunctional Coating on Separator Improves Cyclability and Safety of Lithium Sulfur Battery
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supporting Information Thin Multifunctional Coating on Separator Improves Cyclability and
More informationCovalent-Organic Frameworks: Potential Host Materials for Sulfur Impregnation in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Covalent-Organic Frameworks: Potential Host Materials for Sulfur Impregnation
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. Facile Synthesis of Germanium-Graphene Nanocomposites. and Their Application as Anode Material for Lithium Ion
Supplementary Material (ESI) for CrystEngCommunity This journal is (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Electronic Supplementary Information Facile Synthesis of Germanium-Graphene Nanocomposites and
More informationBulk graphdiyne powder applied for highly efficient lithium storage
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Bulk graphdiyne powder applied for highly efficient lithium storage Shengliang Zhang, ab Huibiao
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Efficient synthesis of graphene nanoscrolls for fabricating sulfur-loaded cathode and flexible hybrid interlayer towards high-performance Li-S batteries Yi Guo, Gang Zhao, Naiteng
More informationDual redox catalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions: towards a redox flow Li-O 2 battery
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting Information Dual redox catalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions:
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Electronic Supplementary Information Hierarchical MoS 2 microboxes constructed
More informationSupplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supplementary Information Ultrasmall Sn Nanodots Embedded inside N-Doped
More informationSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, , Singapore. b
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Dopamine-Mo VI complexation-assisted large-scale aqueous synthesis of single-layer MoS 2 /carbon
More informationHigh-Performance Silicon Battery Anodes Enabled by
Supporting Information for: High-Performance Silicon Battery Anodes Enabled by Engineering Graphene Assemblies Min Zhou,, Xianglong Li, *, Bin Wang, Yunbo Zhang, Jing Ning, Zhichang Xiao, Xinghao Zhang,
More informationTwo Dimensional Graphene/SnS 2 Hybrids with Superior Rate Capability for Lithium ion Storage
Electronic Supplementary Information Two Dimensional Graphene/SnS 2 Hybrids with Superior Rate Capability for Lithium ion Storage Bin Luo, a Yan Fang, a Bin Wang, a Jisheng Zhou, b Huaihe Song, b and Linjie
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. Concentrated Electrolytes Stabilize Bismuth-Potassium Batteries
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Electronic Supplementary Information Concentrated Electrolytes Stabilize Bismuth-Potassium
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Electronic Supplementary Information MoS 2 nanosheet/mo 2 C-embedded N-doped
More informationEnhancing potassium-ion battery performance by defect and. interlayer engineering
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale Horizons. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Electronic Supplementary Information for Enhancing potassium-ion battery performance
More informationTrapping Lithium into Hollow Silica Microspheres. with a Carbon Nanotube Core for Dendrite-Free
Supporting Information Trapping Lithium into Hollow Silica Microspheres with a Carbon Nanotube Core for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Anodes Tong-Tong Zuo,, Ya-Xia Yin,, Shu-Hua Wang, Peng-Fei Wang,, Xinan
More informationSupporting Information. Facile electrospinning formation of carbon-confined metal oxide cube-intube. nanostructures for stable lithium storage
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supporting Information Facile electrospinning formation of carbon-confined metal oxide cube-intube
More informationSupplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 2
Supplementary Figure 1 XRD pattern of pure 3D PGC framework. The pure 3D PGC was obtained by immersing NaCl Na 2 S@GC in water to remove the NaCl and Na 2 S. The broad reflection peak in the range of 15
More informationSelf-rearrangement of silicon nanoparticles. high-energy and long-life lithium-ion batteries
Supporting Information Self-rearrangement of silicon nanoparticles embedded in micron carbon sphere framework for high-energy and long-life lithium-ion batteries Min-Gi Jeong,, Hoang Long Du, Mobinul Islam,,
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Dalton Transactions. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Electronic Supplementary Information In situ growth of heterostructured Sn/SnO nanospheres
More informationHigh-performance carbon-coated mesoporous LiMn2O4. cathode materials synthesized from a novel hydrated layeredspinel
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 High-performance carbon-coated mesoporous LiMn2O4 cathode materials synthesized from a novel
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Nanoconfined Iron Oxychloride Material as a High-Performance Cathode for Rechargeable Chloride Ion Batteries Tingting Yu, Qiang Li, Xiangyu Zhao,*,, Hui Xia, Liqun Ma, Jinlan Wang,
More informationFacile synthesis of silicon nanoparticles inserted in graphene sheets as improved anode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Electronic Supplementary Information for Facile synthesis of silicon nanoparticles inserted in graphene sheets as improved anode materials for lithium-ion batteries Xiaosi Zhou, Ya-Xia Yin, Li-Jun Wan
More informationUltrasmall Sn nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped porous carbon as high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries
Supporting Information Ultrasmall Sn nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped porous carbon as high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries Zhiqiang Zhu, Shiwen Wang, Jing Du, Qi Jin, Tianran Zhang,
More informationFacile synthesis of yolk-shell structured Si-C nanocomposites as anode for lithium-ion battery 1. Experimental 1.1 Chemicals
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Facile synthesis of yolk-shell structured Si-C nanocomposites as anode for lithium-ion battery
More informationSupplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supplementary Information Three-Dimensional Hollow Sphere of Tetragonal-Spinel
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information A Novel Potassium-Ion Hybrid Capacitor Based on an Anode of K 2 Ti 6 O 13 Micro-Scaffolds Shengyang Dong,, Zhifei Li, Zhenyu Xing, Xianyong Wu, Xiulei Ji*, and Xiaogang Zhang*, Jiangsu
More informationSupporting Information. Modulating the photocatalytic redox preferences between
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supporting Information Modulating the photocatalytic redox preferences between anatase TiO 2 {001}
More informationElectronic Supporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for SC Advances. This journal is The oyal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supporting Information Novel Functional Material Carboxymethyl Cellulose Lithium (CMC-Li) Enhanced
More informationNickel Phosphide-embedded Graphene as Counter Electrode for. Dye-sensitized Solar Cells **
Nickel Phosphide-embedded Graphene as Counter Electrode for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells ** Y. Y. Dou, G. R. Li, J. Song, and X. P. Gao =.78 D 1359 G 163 a =.87 D 138 G 159 b =1.3 D 1351 G 1597 c 1 15 1
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. A Flexible Alkaline Rechargeable Ni/Fe Battery Based on Graphene Foam/Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid Film
Electronic Supplementary Information A Flexible Alkaline Rechargeable Ni/Fe Battery Based on Graphene Foam/Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid Film Jilei Liu,, Minghua Chen, Lili Zhang, Jian Jiang, Jiaxu Yan, Yizhong
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting Information Title: A sulfonated polyaniline with high density and high rate Na-storage
More informationNitrogen-doped Activated Carbon for High Energy Hybridtype Supercapacitor
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 SUPPORTING INFORMATION Nitrogen-doped Activated Carbon for High Energy Hybridtype
More informationA novel electrolyte system without Grignard reagent for rechargeable magnisium battery
Electronic Supplementary Information A novel electrolyte system without Grignard reagent for rechargeable magnisium battery Fei-fei Wang, a,b Yong-sheng Guo, a,b Jun Yang,* a,b Yanna Nuli, a,b Shin-ichi
More informationSupporting Information High-performance sodium battery with 9,10-anthraquinone/CMK-3 cathode and ether-based electrolyte
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting Information High-performance sodium battery with 9,10-anthraquinone/CMK-3 cathode and
More informationGraphene oxide hydrogel at solid/liquid interface
Electronic Supplementary Information Graphene oxide hydrogel at solid/liquid interface Jiao-Jing Shao, Si-Da Wu, Shao-Bo Zhang, Wei Lv, Fang-Yuan Su and Quan-Hong Yang * Key Laboratory for Green Chemical
More informationLow-cost and high energy density asymmetric supercapacitors based on polyaniline nanotubes and MoO 3 nanobelts
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Electronic Supplementary Information Low-cost and high energy density asymmetric
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supporting Information Experimental section Synthesis of Ni-Co Prussian
More informationHigh Tap Density Secondary Silicon Particle. Anodes by Scalable Mechanical Pressing for
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic Supplementary Information: High Tap Density Secondary Silicon
More informationMg, Zn) as High Voltage Layered Cathodes for
Supporting Information for Honeycomb-Ordered Na 3 Ni 1.5 M 0.5 BiO 6 (M = Ni, Cu, Mg, Zn) as High Voltage Layered Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries Peng-Fei Wang, a,d, Yu-Jie Guo, a,d, Hui Duan, a,d Tong-Tong
More informationSupplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supplementary Information A honeycomb-like porous carbon derived from pomelo peel for use in high-performance
More informationLayered Sb 2 Te 3 and its nanocomposite: A new and outstanding electrode material for superior rechargeable Li-ion batteries
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supplementary Information: Layered Sb 2 Te 3 and its nanocomposite: A new
More informationSupporting Information. Phenolic/resin assisted MOFs derived hierarchical Co/N-doping carbon
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry
More informationNanomaterials and Chemistry Key Laboratory, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, (P. R. China).
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale Synergistically enhanced activity of graphene quantum dot/multi-walled carbon nanotube composites as metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
More informationBoron-doped graphene as high-efficiency counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells
Electronic Supplementary Information Boron-doped graphene as high-efficiency counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells Haiqiu Fang #, Chang Yu #, Tingli Ma, and Jieshan Qiu* Carbon Research Laboratory,
More informationSupporting Information
Copyright WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany, 2014. Supporting Information for Adv. Mater., DOI: 10.1002/adma.201402893 A Polyethylene Glycol-Supported Microporous Carbon Coating
More informationSupporting Information
Copyright WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany, 2015. Supporting Information for Adv. Energy Mater., DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201500060 Interconnected Nanorods Nanoflakes Li 2 Co 2 (MoO 4
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information A Porous Two-Dimensional Monolayer Metal-Organic Framework Material and its Use for the Size-Selective Separation of Nanoparticles Yi Jiang, 1 Gyeong Hee Ryu, 1, 3 Se Hun Joo, 4
More informationAtomically intercalating tin ions into the interlayer. of molybdenum oxide nanobelt toward long-cycling
Atomically intercalating tin ions into the interlayer of molybdenum oxide nanobelt toward long-cycling lithium battery Chuanqiang Wu, + Hui Xie, + Dongdong Li, Daobin Liu, Shiqing Ding, Shi Tao, Heng Chen,
More informationSynthesis of nano-sized anatase TiO 2 with reactive {001} facets using lamellar protonated titanate as precursor
Supporting Information Synthesis of nano-sized anatase TiO 2 with reactive {001} facets using lamellar protonated titanate as precursor Liuan Gu, Jingyu Wang *, Hao Cheng, Yunchen Du and Xijiang Han* Department
More informationMicro/Nanostructured Li-rich Cathode Materials with. Enhanced Electrochemical Properties for Li-ion. Batteries
Supporting information Layered/spinel Heterostructured and Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructured Li-rich Cathode Materials with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties for Li-ion Batteries Ya-Ping Deng, Zu-Wei
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supporting Information Single-crystalline Pd square nanoplates enclosed by {100}
More informationSupplementary Information
. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science Supplementary Information Three-dimensional porous LiFePO 4 cathode material
More informationSupplementary Information
Supplementary Information Fabrication of Novel Rattle-Type Magnetic Mesoporous carbon Microspheres for Removal of Microcystins Xinghua Zhang and Long Jiang* Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supporting Information On-site Evolution of Ultrafine ZnO nanoparticles
More informationCharacterization of partially reduced graphene oxide as room
Supporting Information Characterization of partially reduced graphene oxide as room temperature sensor for H 2 Le-Sheng Zhang a, Wei D. Wang b, Xian-Qing Liang c, Wang-Sheng Chu d, Wei-Guo Song a *, Wei
More informationAnion-redox nanolithia cathodes for Li-ion batteries
ARTICLE NUMBER: 16111 Anion-redox nanolithia cathodes for Li-ion batteries Zhi Zhu 1,2, Akihiro Kushima 1,2, Zongyou Yin 1,2, Lu Qi 3 *, Khalil Amine 4, Jun Lu 4 * and Ju Li 1,2 * 1 Department of Nuclear
More informationSupplemental Information. Lightweight Metallic MgB 2 Mediates. Polysulfide Redox and Promises High- Energy-Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
JOUL, Volume 3 Supplemental Information Lightweight Metallic MgB 2 Mediates Polysulfide Redox and Promises High- Energy-Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Quan Pang, Chun Yuen Kwok, Dipan Kundu, Xiao Liang,
More informationSupporting information. Alkali Metal Ion Templated Transition Metal Formate. Framework Materials: Synthesis, Crystal Structures,
Supporting information Alkali Metal Ion Templated Transition Metal Formate Framework Materials: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Ion Migration and Magnetism Espen Eikeland, 1 Nina Lock, 2 Mette Filsø, 1
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information (ESI)
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) Synthesis of 1T-MoSe 2 ultrathin
More informationPolysulfide-Scission Reagents for the Suppression of the Shuttle Effect in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Polysulfide-Scission Reagents for the Suppression of the Shuttle Effect in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Wuxing Hua, Zhi Yang*, Huagui Nie, Zhongyu Li, Jizhang Yang, Zeqing Guo, Chunping Ruan, Xi an Chen and
More informationSupplementary Material for. Zinc Oxide-Black Phosphorus Composites for Ultrasensitive Nitrogen
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale Horizons. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supplementary Material for Zinc Oxide-Black Phosphorus Composites for Ultrasensitive
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Information Graphene-based Hollow Spheres as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Longfei Wu, Hongbin Feng, Mengjia Liu, Kaixiang Zhang and Jinghong Li* * Department
More informationSolution-processable graphene nanomeshes with controlled
Supporting online materials for Solution-processable graphene nanomeshes with controlled pore structures Xiluan Wang, 1 Liying Jiao, 1 Kaixuan Sheng, 1 Chun Li, 1 Liming Dai 2, * & Gaoquan Shi 1, * 1 Department
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supporting Information Significant enhancement of conductance for a hybrid layered molybdate semiconductor
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 214 Electronic Supplementary Information Ultrathin and High-Ordered CoO Nanosheet
More informationSupporting Information for
Supporting Information for Designing Air-Stable O3-Type Cathode Materials by Combined Structure Modulation for Na-Ion Batteries Hu-Rong Yao,, Peng-Fei Wang,, Yue Gong, Jienan Zhang, Xiqian Yu, Lin Gu,,
More informationUnique Behaviour of Nonsolvents for Polysulphides in Lithium-Sulphur Batteries.
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 214 Supplementary Information Unique Behaviour of Nonsolvents for Polysulphides
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information (ESI) Green synthesis of shape-defined anatase TiO 2 nanocrystals wholly exposed with {001} and {100} facets
Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) Green synthesis of shape-defined anatase TiO 2 nanocrystals wholly exposed with {001} and {100} facets Lan Wang, a Ling Zang, b Jincai Zhao c and Chuanyi Wang*
More informationSupplementary Figure 1 A schematic representation of the different reaction mechanisms
Supplementary Figure 1 A schematic representation of the different reaction mechanisms observed in electrode materials for lithium batteries. Black circles: voids in the crystal structure, blue circles:
More informationCoMn-layered double hydroxide nanowalls supported on carbon fibers. for high-performance flexible energy storage devices
Supporting Information CoMn-layered double hydroxide nanowalls supported on carbon fibers for high-performance flexible energy storage devices Jingwen Zhao, Jiale Chen, Simin Xu, Mingfei Shao, Dongpeng
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information (ESI)
Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) Experimental Materials Synthesis: The α-fe 2 O 3 MSHSs hollow microspheres were prepared by a spray drying method followed by annealing in air. In a typical synthesis
More informationFunctionalization of reduced graphene oxides by redox-active ionic liquids for energy storage
Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications Functionalization of reduced graphene oxides by redox-active ionic liquids for energy storage Sung Dae Cho, a Jin Kyu Im, b Han-Ki Kim, c Hoon Sik
More informationSupporting Information. Dynamic Hosts for High Performance Li-S Batteries. Studied by Cryogenic Transmission Electron
Supporting Information Dynamic Hosts for High Performance Li-S Batteries Studied by Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy and In Situ X-ray Diffraction Xiao-Chen Liu,,# Yao Yang,,# Jingjie Wu,, Miao
More informationFacile synthesis of nanostructured CuCo 2 O 4 as a novel electrode material for high-rate supercapacitors
Facile synthesis of nanostructured CuCo 2 O 4 as a novel electrode material for high-rate supercapacitors Afshin Pendashteh, a Mohammad S. Rahmanifar, b Richard B. Kaner, c and Mir F. Mousavi* a,c a Department
More informationSupporting Information for
Supporting Information for 2D/2D g-c 3 N 4 /MnO 2 nanocomposite as a direct Z-scheme photocatalyst for enhanced photocatalytic activity Pengfei Xia, Bicheng Zhu, Bei Cheng, Jiaguo Yu, *,, and Jingsan Xu
More informationLithium-ion Batteries Based on Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanotubes and Ionic Liquid
Electronic Supplementary Information Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanotubes and Ionic Liquid Electrolytes Wen Lu, * Adam Goering, Liangti Qu, and Liming Dai * 1. Synthesis of
More informationHydrogenated CoO x Ni(OH) 2 nanosheet core shell nanostructures for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors
. Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) Hydrogenated CoO x nanowire @ Ni(OH) 2 nanosheet core shell nanostructures for high-performance asymmetric
More informationMolybdenum compound MoP as an efficient. electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Molybdenum compound MoP as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. Ionic liquid functionalized electrospun gel polymer electrolyte for
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Electronic Supplementary Information Ionic liquid functionalized electrospun
More informationMechanically Strong and Highly Conductive Graphene Aerogels and Its Use as. Electrodes for Electrochemical Power Sources
Supporting Information for Mechanically Strong and Highly Conductive Graphene Aerogels and Its Use as Electrodes for Electrochemical Power Sources Xuetong Zhang, Zhuyin Sui, Bin Xu, Shufang Yue, Yunjun
More information