Review for Final Exam. 1ChE Reactive Process Engineering

Transcription

1 Review for Final Exam 1ChE Reactive Process Engineering

2 2ChE Reactive Process Engineering Stoichiometry Coefficients Numbers Multiple reactions Reaction rate definitions Rate laws, reaction order, overall, individual Extent of reaction, fractional conversion Rate coefficients, prefactors, activation energies Thermodynamics Reversible reactions Equilibrium constant definitions, calculation of Enthalpy & entropy of reaction, relationship to rate coefficients Le Chatelier s principle Reaction quotient Q Calculating equilibrium concentrations

3 3ChE Reactive Process Engineering Elementary reactions rules for identifying Mass balance equation application to different reactors Batch reactor design equation How to determine rate laws general ideas Experimental measurement of kinetic data Basic ideas Methods of analyzing compositions Determination of rate laws Integral method, advantages, disadvantages Differential method, advantages, disadvantages How to find activation energies

4 4ChE Reactive Process Engineering Collision theory, basic ideas and calculations Potential energy surfaces Transition state theory, prefactors and entropy, temperature dependence of prefactors CSTR Balance equation, design equations, assumptions Advantages, disadvantages PFR Balance equation, design equations, assumptions Advantages, disadvantages

5 Combining reactors series reactors Compare and contrast BR, CSTR, PFR Levenspiel plots, AKA 1/r plots How to make them How to use them CSTR cascades Recycle 5ChE Reactive Process Engineering

6 6ChE Reactive Process Engineering Variable density reactors Mass balance for CSTR Mass balance for BR/PFR Space velocity Space time Multiple reactions Yield Selectivity Differential selectivity Parallel reactions Serial reactions CSTR/PFR Maximum yield

7 7ChE Reactive Process Engineering Equilibrium Step Assumption Pseudo Steady State Assumption Reaction mechanisms and fitting to experimental data Energy balances Solving combined mass and energy balances CSTR/PFR mass & energy balances Adiabatic energy balance & temperature rise Isothermal heat load Heat exchangers, interstage cooling, etc.

8 8ChE Reactive Process Engineering Multiple steady states Stable and metastable states Stability and endothermal reactions 1/r plots for non-isothermal reactors Basic function of catalysts Basics of adsorption processes Desorption processes Adsorption-desorption equilibrium Langmuir isotherms

9 9ChE Reactive Process Engineering Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics Dissociative adsorption Conversion of between r, r and r Catalyst deactivation What is it? What time scales? What are the methods? Multi-scale problem of heterogeneous supported catalysis What are the steps involved? What are the length and time scales?

10 ChE Reactive Process Engineering Mass transfer limitations External Internal Concentration profiles in a packed bed reactor under different conditions Sherwood number correlations Effective rate constants for external mass transfer limitations Internal mass transfer limitations Thiele modulus Effectiveness factor 10

11 ChE Reactive Process Engineering Mass transfer limitations and selectivities Parallel Series Shape selectivity Experimental tests for mass transfer limitations Mitigation of mass transfer limitations Pressure drop in packed bed reactors Homogeneous catalysis, advantages & disadvantages 11

12 ChE Reactive Process Engineering Enzymes Basic ideas of enzyme catalysis Metabolic pathways, the basics Building blocks amino acids & proteins Names and functions of enzymes Structure Models of enzyme action Enzyme kinetics Michaelis-Menten Briggs-Haldane Lineweaver-Burk plots Eadie-Hofstee plots Effects of temperature and ph 12

13 ChE Reactive Process Engineering 13 Things You Should Know Enzyme inhibition Types How to determine Co-factors and co-enzymes Enzyme immobilization