Joshua U. Otaigbe Iowa State University Materials Science & Engineering Dept. Joshua Otaigbe (OR-TI-BEY) 3158 Gilman (515) Office Hours: TBA

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1 Polymers & omposites MSE 383, Unit 1-1 Joshua U. Otaigbe Iowa State University Materials Science & Engineering Dept. MSE 383, Unit 1-1 Introductions lassroom management ourse outline & organization Rules & Policies Evolution & relative importance Quick organic chemistry refresher Introductions lassroom Management Joshua Otaigbe (OR-TI-BEY) 3158 Gilman (515) Office ours: TBA I encourage Informality Student/teacher and Student/student interaction Questions ourse Outline "to ask is one moment of shame, not to ask is an eternity of shame" 4 Units approximately 1 unit per month lass text is Mcrum et al Supplemented by Rodriguez, notes and handouts 1.1.1

2 MSE 383, Unit 1 General overview of polymers & composites (h. 0, 1, N*) Polymers available to designer (N) Polymer classifications & MWD (h. 1) MSE 383, Unit 2 Polymerization processes (h. 5R*) opolymerization and rosslinking (h. 1R*) Molecular architecture (h. 2) rystalline state and T m (h. 2) Glassy state & T g ; free volume (h. 2) Rubber elasticity Exam #1, discussions & review MSE 383, Unit 3 Mechanical properties (h. 4) Viscoelasticity of solids (h. 4) Yield and fracture (h. 5) Polymer composites (h. 6) omposites mechanics/design (h. 6) Other advanced composites (N*) Exam #2, discussions & review MSE 383, Unit 4 Molten state; viscosity (h. 7) Viscoelasticity of liquids (h. 7) Polymer processing (h. 7) Fabrication of composites (h. 7) Industry case histories** (h. 8) Exam #3, discussions, VIDEOS FINAL EXAM Learning Objectives Basic understanding of polymer science & engineering Structure - property relations, end - use applications Fabrication methods, materials selections, part design, cost 1.1.2

3 Rules & Policies Grade composition omework assignments Exams Reading >> review handout Polymers vs. Materials Science & Engineering Profession concerned with the conversion of natural resources into articles to improve our quality of life. Animals Forests Mineral Ore Sand Petroleum Scientific Facts Material Science & Engineering Engineering Principles Fabrics Plastics Synthetic Rubbers Paints eramics Optical Fibers omputers Pure Metals Alloys omposites Show periodic chart 1.1.3

4 The Structure of Materials Our Universe Matter Our Elements Organic Substances Inorganic Substances Liquids Gases Liquids Gases Fuels hemicals Oils Paints Foods Solids Living Organisms Polymers Natural resins Soils Foods arbon dioxide arbon monoxide Acids Water Bases hemicals Solids Metals eramics omposites Glasses lays ements Stone hlorine Argon elium The Institute of Materials covers the whole materials cycle, which takes into account all aspects of the materials-related industries, from extraction and processing to disposal and recycling

5 The Structure of Materials, ont d Graphs showing: a (top left) World crude steel production and scrap consumption b (top right) World production of various metals c (bottom left) World cement production d (bottom right) World production of commodity polymers areer Opportunities Aerospace Transportation Recreation onsultancy (materials selection)** Building onsumer Information Technology** Education Government Evolution & Relative Importance Emphasize impact on quality of life **Show chart and explain 1.1.5

6 Evolution & Relative Importance, ont d Stone Age Iron Age Polymer Age POLYMERS POLYMERS POLYMERS OMPOSITES ERAMIS ERAMIS Tough Engineering eramics Evolution of materials. The relative importance of four classes of materials (polymers, composites, metals, and ceramics) is shown as a function of time. (Materials World, 1994) Organic hemistry Refresher "Organic" associated with LIFE life is based on carbon compounds ydrocarbons ompounds containing - and - atoms Organic Nomenclature # of - Atoms Name Prefix 1 Meth- 2 Eth- 3 Prop- 4 But- 5 Pent- 6 ex- Etc., etc. etc., etc

7 Examples of Nomenclature Ethane Butane Saturated ompounds ontains maximum -atoms (- valence is 4) Name suffix depends on degree of saturation ALKANES - fully saturated compound ALKENES - unsaturated compounds ending with -ENE or -YLENE Examples of Unsaturated ompounds Ethene or Ethylene Propene or Propylene Dienes ompounds containing two double bonds Butadiene 1.1.7

8 Aromatic ompounds Ring compounds with alternating single double bonds Phenyl** group often a pendant Benzene Organic ontaining Oxygen ydroxyl group (-O) Alcohols ydrocarbon with 1 replaced by -O (e.g., methyl and ethyl alcohol) Glycols 2 replaced by 2 -O groups on adjacent -atoms Examples of Polyols Ethylene glycol O O Glycerin (or glycerol) 3-O groups O O O 1.1.8

9 oupled ompounds ETERS diethyl ether O AETALS dimethyl ethyl acetal O 3 O 3 ESTERS ethyl acetate O O ARBONATES ethyl methyl carbonate O O O Nitrogen ontaining ompounds AMINES One or more carbons attached to a nitrogen atom (1 o, 2 o, 3 o ) e.g., methyl amine ( 3 N 2 ) AMIDES A carbonyl group adjacent to a N-atom e.g. methyl amide (ON 2 ) 1.1.9

10 alogen ontaining ompounds Many compounds formed by replacing -atoms with chlorine or Fluorine Examples of Useful Organic Monomers aprolactam Melamine examethylene diamine Phenyl urethane Tetra fluoro ethylene Write down the chemical formulae & structures of above (Get from handout)** End of Lecture Read notes and handout

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