MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Transcription

1 Ch. 2 Practice Test Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which formula/name pair is incorrect? 1) A) Fe2(SO4)3 iron(iii) sulfide B) Fe2(SO3)3 iron(iii) sulfite C) FeSO4 iron(ii) sulfate D) FeS iron(ii) sulfide E) FeSO3 iron(ii) sulfite 2) Which isotope has 36 electrons in an atom? 2) A) Kr B) Se C) Cl D) Hg E) Br 3) Which one of the following molecular formulas is also an empirical formula? 3) A) H2O2 B) C6H6O2 C) H2P4O6 D) C2H6SO E) C6H6 4) In the Rutherford nuclear-atom model,. 4) A) the heavy subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus B) mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom C) the light subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus D) the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same mass E) the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same mass and mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom 5) Which of the following compounds would you expect to be ionic? 5) A) SF6 B) CaO C) NH3 D) H2O E) H2O2 6) Which metal does not form cations of differing charges? 6) A) Cu B) Fe C) Na D) Co E) Sn 7) The element X has two naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is amu. 7) Isotope Abundance (%) Mass (amu) 31 X X A) B) C) D) E)

2 8) An element in the upper right corner of the periodic table. 8) A) is either a metal or metalloid B) is definitely a metalloid C) is definitely a non-metal D) is definitely a metal E) is either a metalloid or a non-metal 9) Elements in the same group of the periodic table typically have. 9) A) similar physical and chemical properties B) similar physical properties only C) similar chemical properties only D) similar atomic masses E) similar mass numbers 10) Which species below is the nitride ion? 10) A) Na+ B) N 3- C) NO2 - D) NH4 + E) NO3-11) Cathode rays are deflected away from a negatively charged plate because. 11) A) they are not particles B) they are negatively charged particles C) they are positively charged particles D) they are neutral particles E) they are emitted by all matter 12) A molecular formula always indicates. 12) A) the simplest whole-number ratio of different atoms in a compound B) the isotope of each element in a compound C) which atoms are attached to which in a molecule D) the geometry of a molecule E) how many of each atom are in a molecule 13) Which isotope has 45 neutrons? 13) A) Cl B) Se C) Rh D) Br E) Kr 14) The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is amu. 14) Isotope Abundance (%) Mass (amu) 15 X X X A) B) C) D) E)

3 15) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are not particles? 15) A) -rays, -rays, and -rays B) -rays and -rays C) -rays D) -rays E) -rays 16) Which pair of elements is most apt to form an ionic compound with each other? 16) A) nitrogen, hydrogen B) sulfur, fluorine C) barium, bromine D) oxygen, fluorine E) calcium, sodium 17) Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of but differing number of. 17) A) electrons, protons B) protons, neutrons C) neutrons, electrons D) neutrons, protons E) protons, electrons 18) Which species below is the nitrate ion? 18) A) NO3 - B) NH4 + C) N3 - D) N3- E) NO2-19) The atomic number of an atom of 80Br is. 19) A) 45 B) 35 C) 115 D) 73 E) 80 20) Which one of the following is the formula of hydrochloric acid? 20) A) HClO B) HCl C) HClO2 D) HClO3 E) HClO4 21) An atom of 131I contains electrons. 21) A) 53 B) 131 C) 124 D) 184 E) 78 22) An unknown element is found to have three naturally occurring isotopes with atomic masses of (0.337%), (0.063%), and (99.600%). Which of the following is the unknown element? A) Cl B) K C) Ca D) Ar E) None of the above could be the unknown element. 22) 23) Of the following, only is not a metalloid. 23) A) Ge B) Si C) As D) Al E) B 3

4 24) Which compounds do not have the same empirical formula? 24) A) CO, CO2 B) C2H4, C3H6 C) C2H2, C6H6 D) C2H4O2, C6H12O6 E) C2H5COOCH3, CH3CHO 25) Element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is amu. 25) Isotope Abundance Mass 38 X X X A) B) C) D) E) ) The elements in groups 1A, 6A, and 7A are called,, respectively. 26) A) alkali metals, halogens, and noble gases B) halogens, transition metals, and alkali metals C) alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and halogens D) alkali metals, chalcogens, and halogens E) alkaline earth metals, halogens, and chalcogens 27) Which species has 16 protons? 27) A) 31P B) 34S2- C) 16O D) 80Br- E) 36Cl 28) In the symbol below, x is. x 6 C A) the mass number B) the number of neutrons C) the isotope number D) the atomic number E) the elemental symbol 28) 29) How many electrons does the Al3+ ion possess? 29) A) 10 B) 0 C) 6 D) 13 E) 16 30) Which element forms an ion with the same charge as the ammonium ion? 30) A) potassium B) calcium C) oxygen D) nitrogen E) chlorine 31) The formula for a salt is XBr. The X-ion in this salt has 46 electrons. The metal X is. 31) A) Cs B) Cd C) Pd D) Ag E) Cu 4

5 32) The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The isotopic masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is amu. 32) Isotope Abundance Mass 53 X X X A) B) C) D) E) ) What is the molecular formula for n-propanol? 33) A) C5H11OH B) CH3OH C) C3H7OH D) C2H5OH E) C4H9OH 34) Which one of the following does not occur as diatomic molecules in elemental form? 34) A) oxygen B) nitrogen C) bromine D) hydrogen E) sulfur 35) There are electrons, protons, and neutrons in an atom of Xe. A) 54, 54, 78 B) 78, 78, 132 C) 78, 78, 54 D) 54, 54, 132 E) 132, 132, 54 35) 36) Which pair of elements is most apt to form a molecular compound with each other? 36) A) sulfur, fluorine B) barium, bromine C) magnesium, iodine D) potassium, lithium E) aluminum, oxygen 37) In the absence of magnetic or electric fields, cathode rays. 37) A) bend toward a light source B) travel in straight lines C) cannot be detected D) do not exist E) become positively charged 38) The correct name for Na2O2 is. 38) A) disodium oxide B) sodium peroxide C) sodium oxide D) sodium dioxide E) disodium dioxide 39) Which one of the following is most likely to lose electrons when forming an ion? 39) A) F B) S C) Rh D) P E) N 5

6 40) The molecular formula of a compound is always the empirical formula. 40) A) the same as B) an integral multiple of C) different from D) more complex than E) simpler than 41) Which of the following compounds would you expect to be ionic? 41) A) H2S B) SO2 C) H2O D) CO2 E) SrCl2 42) Which of the following elements is a metaloid? 42) A) B B) Ga C) C D) Se E) In 43) Different isotopes of a particular element contain the same number of. 43) A) protons and neutrons B) subatomic particles C) protons, neutrons, and electrons D) neutrons E) protons 44) Of the following, the smallest and lightest subatomic particle is the. 44) A) electron B) neutron C) proton D) alpha particle E) nucleus 45) Which one of the following is not one of the postulates of Dalton's atomic theory? 45) A) Atoms of an element are not changed into different types of atoms by chemical reactions: atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions. B) Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. C) Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms. D) All atoms of a given element are identical; the atoms of different elements are different and have different properties. E) Compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine; a given compound always has the same relative number and kind of atoms. 46) Consider the following selected postulates of Dalton's atomic theory: (i) Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms. (ii) Atoms are indivisible. (iii) Atoms of a given element are identical. (iv) Atoms of different elements are different and have different properties. Which of the postulates is(are) no longer considered valid? A) (iii) only B) (ii) only C) (i) and (ii) D) (ii) and (iii) E) (iii) and (iv) 46) 6

7 47) Elements exhibit similar physical and chemical properties. 47) A) with similar atomic masses B) in the same group of the periodic table C) with similar chemical symbols D) on opposite sides of the periodic table E) in the same period of the periodic table 48) The charge on the iron ion in the salt Fe2O3 is. 48) A) +1 B) +3 C) +2 D) -6 E) -5 49) When a fluorine atom forms the fluoride ion, it has the same charge as the ion. 49) A) phosphate B) sulfite C) ammonium D) sulfide E) nitrate 50) All atoms of a given element have the same. 50) A) number of electrons and neutrons B) density C) number of protons D) mass E) number of neutrons 51) Which metal forms cations of differing charges? 51) A) Sn B) Cs C) K D) Al E) Ba 52) The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is amu. 52) Isotope Abundance Mass 221 X X X A) B) C) D) E) ) Which metal is not required to have its charge specified in the names of ionic compounds it forms? 53) A) Fe B) Pb C) Cu D) Mn E) Ca 7

8 54) Which pair of atoms constitutes a pair of isotopes of the same element? 54) A) 14 6 X 12 6 X B) X X C) 17 9 X 17 8 X D) X 19 9 X E) 14 6 X 14 7 X 55) In the symbol below, X = X A) K B) Al C) C D) N E) not enough information to determine 55) 56) Which atom has the largest number of neutrons? 56) A) calcium-40 B) chlorine-37 C) phosphorus-30 D) potassium-39 E) argon-40 57) The suffix -ide is used primarily. 57) A) to indicate binary acids B) for polyatomic cation names C) for monatomic anion names D) for monoatomic cations E) for the name of the first element in a molecular compound 58) Gravitational forces act between objects in proportion to their. 58) A) masses B) charges C) polarizability D) volumes E) densities 59) The nucleus of an atom does not contain. 59) A) subatomic particles B) protons or neutrons C) neutrons D) electrons E) protons 8

9 60) The atomic mass unit is presently based on assigning an exact integral mass (in amu) to an isotope of. A) helium B) hydrogen C) sodium D) oxygen E) carbon 60) 61) An atom of 15N contains neutrons. 61) A) 15 B) 7 C) 10 D) 8 E) 22 62) Which one of the following basic forces is so small that it has no chemical significance? 62) A) weak nuclear force B) electromagnetism C) Coulomb's law D) strong nuclear force E) gravity 63) Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and chemical properties? A) O, S B) K, Ca C) C, N D) H, He E) Si, P 63) 64) There are protons, neutrons, and electrons in 131I-. 64) A) 131, 53, and 54 B) 78, 53, and 72 C) 131, 53, and 52 D) 53, 131, and 52 E) 53, 78, and 54 65) Vanadium has two naturally occurring isotopes, 50V with an atomic mass of amu and 51V with an atomic mass of The atomic weight of vanadium is The percent abundances of the vanadium isotopes are % 50V and % 51V. A) 99, 1.0 B) 0.25, C) 1.0, 99 D) 49, 51 E) 99.75, ) 66) Which element forms an ion with the same charge as the sulfate ion? 66) A) phosphorus B) iron C) magnesium D) copper E) oxygen 67) The correct name for Ni(CN)2 is. 67) A) nickel cyanate B) nickel (I) nitride C) nickel (I) cyanide D) nickel (II) cyanide E) nickel carbonate 9

10 68) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which are particles? 68) A) -rays B) -rays, -rays, and -rays C) -rays and -rays D) -rays E) -rays and -rays 69) The charge on an electron was determined in the. 69) A) Millikan oil drop experiment B) Rutherford gold foil experiment C) atomic theory of matter D) Dalton atomic theory E) cathode ray tube, by J. J. Thompson 70) Which combination of protons, neutrons, and electrons is correct for the isotope of copper, 63 Cu? 70) 29 A) 29 p+, 34 n, 29 e- B) 63 p+, 29 n, 63 e- C) 34 p+, 29 n, 34 e- D) 29 p+, 29 n, 63 e- E) 34 p+, 34 n, 29 e- 71) The charge on the ion is ) A) oxide B) acetate C) nitride D) sulfate E) permanganate 72) Barium reacts with a polyatomic ion to form a compound with the general formula Ba3(X)2. What would be the most likely formula for the compound formed between sodium and the polyatomic ion X? A) Na2X B) Na3X2 C) Na3X D) Na2X2 E) NaX 72) 73) A molecule of water contains hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:8 ratio by mass. This is a statement of. A) the law of conservation of energy B) the law of constant composition C) the law of conservation of mass D) the law of multiple proportions E) none of the above 74) The average atomic weight of copper, which has two naturally occurring isotopes, is One of the isotopes has an atomic weight of 62.9 amu and constitutes 69.1% of the copper isotopes. The other isotope has an abundance of 30.9%. The atomic weight (amu) of the second isotope is amu. A) 63.2 B) 64.8 C) 28.1 D) 64.1 E) ) 74) 10

11 75) Which one of the following compounds is chromium(iii) oxide? 75) A) CrO3 B) Cr2O3 C) Cr3O2 D) Cr2O4 E) Cr3O 76) Predict the charge of the most stable ion of potassium. 76) A) 1+ B) 3+ C) 2- D) 1- E) 2+ 77) The correct name for MgF2 is. 77) A) manganese difluoride B) magnesium fluoride C) manganese bifluoride D) monomagnesium difluoride E) magnesium difluoride 78) The nucleus of an atom contains. 78) A) electrons B) protons and neutrons C) protons, neutrons, and electrons D) protons E) neutrons 79) An element that appears in the lower left corner of the periodic table is. 79) A) either a metal or metalloid B) definitely a metal C) either a metalloid or a non-metal D) definitely a metalloid E) definitely a non-metal 80) The species contains 16 neutrons. 80) A) 80Br- B) 36Cl C) 31P D) 16O E) 34S2-81) The proper formula for the hydronium ion is. 81) A) H- B) H3O+ C) N-3 D) OH- E) NH4 + 82) In the symbol shown below, x =. 13 x C A) 7 B) 13 C) 6 D) 12 E) not enough information to determine 82) 83) Which one of the following is a nonmetal? 83) A) Ir B) Os C) Sr D) Br E) W 84) An ion has 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons. The symbol for the ion is. 84) A) 17Ne2+ B) 17O2- C) 19F+ D) 17O2+ E) 19F- 11

12 85) Different isotopes of a particular element contain different numbers of. 85) A) protons, neutrons, and electrons B) protons and neutrons C) protons D) neutrons E) None of the above is correct. 86) Which one of the following species has as many electrons as it has neutrons? 86) A) 19F- B) 1H C) 14C2+ D) 40Ca2+ E) 14C 87) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are not electrically charged? A) -rays and -rays B) -rays, -rays, and -rays C) -rays D) -rays E) -rays and -rays 87) 88) An atom of 17O contains protons. 88) A) 8 B) 11 C) 25 D) 17 E) 9 89) Cathode rays are. 89) A) x-rays B) protons C) atoms D) neutrons E) electrons 90) Which type of formula provides the most information about a compound? 90) A) molecular B) empirical C) chemical D) simplest E) structural 91) Of the following, contains the greatest number of electrons. 91) A) P3+ B) P3- C) P2- D) P E) P2+ 92) Which one of the following compounds is copper(i) chloride? 92) A) CuCl B) Cu2Cl C) Cu3Cl2 D) Cu2Cl3 E) CuCl2 93) In the periodic table, the elements are arranged in. 93) A) alphabetical order B) reverse alphabetical order C) order of increasing neutron content D) order of increasing metallic properties E) order of increasing atomic number 94) The correct name for HNO2 is. 94) A) hydrogen nitrate B) nitric acid C) pernitric acid D) hyponitrous acid E) nitrous acid 12

13 95) A correct name for Fe(NO3)2 is. 95) A) ferric nitrate B) iron nitrite C) ferrous nitrate D) ferric nitrite E) ferrous nitrite 96) Which formula/name pair is incorrect? 96) A) Mg3N2 magnesium nitrite B) Mn(NO2)2 manganese(ii) nitrite C) Mg(MnO4)2 magnesium permanganate D) Mg(NO3)2 magnesium nitrate E) Mn(NO3)2 manganese(ii) nitrate 97) The gold foil experiment performed in Rutherford's lab. 97) A) was the basis for Thomson's model of the atom B) confirmed the plum-pudding model of the atom C) proved the law of multiple proportions D) utilized the deflection of beta particles by gold foil E) led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus 98) In the symbol below, x =. x 6 C A) 6 B) 7 C) 13 D) 19 E) not enough information to determine 98) 99) Which pair of elements below should be the most similar in chemical properties? 99) A) Cs and He B) C and O C) I and Br D) B and As E) K and Kr 100) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are electrically charged? 100) A) -rays, -rays, and -rays B) -rays C) -rays D) -rays and -rays E) -rays and -rays 13