Ionic-Self Assembly (ISA) as a route towards (highly ordered,liquid crystalline) nanomaterials with new architecture

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1 Ionic-Self Assembly (ISA) as a route towards (highly ordered,liquid crystalline) nanomaterials with new architecture Markus Antonietti Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Research Campus Golm, Potsdam

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3 Polyanion-Polycation complexes precipitates from water, easy synthesis Strong and weak electrolytes behave differently

4 Classical in food and drug industry: ccoacervation

5 Polyanion-Polycation complexes: layer-by-layer technologies G. Decher, H. Möhwald, F. Caruso

6 Polyanion-Polycation complexes: layer-by-layer technologies II more complex structures, Inorganic shells

7 Polyelectrolyte Surfactant complexes - formation highly cooperative - 1: 1 complex - dissolves in organic solvents - film forming - no Tg and softening precipitates from water, easy synthesis

8 Cooperativity of binding of PEs and surfactants

9 Polyelectrolyte complex films self-organize!

10 X-ray characterization of films Na-PSS plus DTA-Br The product is a highly oriented lyotropic liquid crystalline polymer!

11 Structure model smectic S A -phase: one flexible alkyl phase one glassy ionic polymer phase

12 Structure of PAA with hydrophobic counterions Conformation of single chains

13 Thermoplastic PE-Surf complexes by copolymerization Choice of comonomers; Different phases between 0 < x < 1

14 An interesting phase for the 40:60 mixture Synchroton radiation indexing according to cubic morphology, but inplane oriented

15 The HPL phase A polymeric molecular sieve film

16 Fluorinated PE-Surfs: Coatings with ultralow surface tension Surface energies against C 16 H 34 : Wool 50 mn/m Iron 50 mn/m PS 36 mn/m PDMS 22,8 mn/m PTFE 20,3 mn/m PDA-K12 12,7 mn/m

17 PE-Lipid complexes: high end rubbers

18 Mechanical characterization λ = 500%!

19

20 A walk through data evaluation.

21 The κ-ι- diagram

22 Solution: the super-undulated phase predicted by Helfrich

23 Variation of lipid composition: increase ionic lipids

24 the corrugated lamellar phase (a very close relative of the superundulated phase)

25 Complexes with oligopeptide Complexes organosolv, film forming!! ox. Glutathione: a model peptide

26 AFM characterization of glutathionelecithine complexes

27 Structure Model Complex structure with elements on three different length scales!

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32 Dye-Surfactant Complexes via Ionic Self-Assembly

33 Ionic Self-Assembly (ISA) Oligoelectrolyte-surfactant complexes Electrostatic interactions to drive the organisation of matter Modular approach: multiple non-covalent interaction strategy

34 π-toolbox Shape-rigid, -defined tectonic units Orange G (OG) Crystal Scarlet (AR44) Bordeaux R (AR17) Amaranth (AR27) N N HO N N HO N N HO SO 3 Na NaO 3 S N N HO SO 3 Na NaO 3 S SO 3 Na NaO 3 S SO 3 Na SO 3 Na SO 3 Na Commercially available dyes Subphase formation?

35 Binding? Binding studies cooperativity? Surfactant selective electrode Titrino 720 / Dosimat 765 Combination 20 C ± 0.1 Aggregate formation Precipitated complex 1:1 ratio? EA & ICP-AES Properties Chem. Eur. J., in press

36 Structure? What is to be expected? Crystalline / LC materials? Lamellar / columnar / other phases? Internal organisation of dye subphase? Crystal Scarlet (AR44) Bordeaux R (AR17) Pyrene tetrasulfonic acid (PTSA) N N HO N N HO SO 3 Na NaO 3 S SO 3 Na SO 3 Na

37 Structure (cont d) AR44 / AR 17 + single / double tail surfactants C 18 C 16 C 14 C 12 Endo > C 10 Intensity 140 o C 85 o C RT Temperature ( o C) S (nm -1 ) Langmuir, accepted

38 Structure (cont d) PTSA as a discotic system

39 Structure (cont d) Nano-phase separation that simple? 3 Subphases a reality? Single crystal analysis OG + C 14 TAB Nature surprises us!

40 Giant-Polyoxometallates The ferris wheel /A. Müller

41 Expanding modular approach Surfactant, codon, metallic species Multiple interaction strategy

42 Modular Approach (cont d) Complexes based on stepwise noncovalent interactions Na + SO 3 - R N N M x+ 4 surf R SO 3 - Na + R H CH 3 CuCl 2 green red Camerel, Strauch, Antonietti, Faul, Chem Eur J, 2003

43 Cu(I) / Cu (II) Behaviour of copper species? Colour change with complexation Cu(II) to Cu(I) via complexation Heating of green Cu(II) complexes Films turn black Back to green via dissolution

44 Materials Properties (Cu(I) / C(II)) CuCl 2 / C 24 / DiC 18 Oblique columnar phase

45 Conclusion ISA is a facile route to organise matter Coacervation, symplexes, LbL-structures Objects turn into nanos, films and materials Partly solubility in solvents Multiple interaction strategy Organisation of oligoelectrolytic π-systems Exciting mechanical & optical properties Structures and organisation into subphases

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