Chapter 16 Acid Base Equilibria

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Chapter 16 Acid Base Equilibria"

Transcription

1 Chpter 16 Acid Bse Equilibri 16.1 Acids & Bses: A Brief Review Arrhenius cids nd bses: cid: n H + donor HA(q) H(q) A(q) bse: n OH donor OH(q) (q) OH(q) Brønsted Lowry cids nd bses: cid: n H + donor HA(q) H(q) A(q) bse: n H + cceptor H(q) B(q) BH(q) 16. Brønsted Lowry Acids & Bses The H + Ion in Wter H3O is clled the hydronium ion nd is wht truly hppens when H + is in wter since ll queous solution re in wter we will use H 3 O + & H + interchngebly Conjugte Acid Bse Pirs conjugte cid: the cid tht is creted fter the Brønsted Lowry bse hs ccepted the proton, BH + conjugte bse: the bse tht is creted fter the Brønsted Lowry cid hs donted the proton, A exmples: bsic: NH3( g) H O( l) NH4( q) OH( q) Kb bse cid conjcid conjbse bse conjbse conjcid cidic: HCl H O Cl H O cid Reltive Strengths of Acids & Bses strong cid will completely dissocite/ionize in solution: HNO H O H O NO 3( q) ( l ) 3 ( q) 3( q) s soon s strong cid is plced in wter it will ionize completely ll the rectnt goes to product product is very wek conjugte cid nd bse other strong cids: HCl, HBr, H SO 4, HI, HClO 4, HClO 3, HNO 3 the sme is the cse for strong bse

2 exmples of strong bses: OH (where is lkli metl), NH, H wek cid will only prtilly dissocite 4 HNO ( q) H ( q) NO ( q) the eq constnt is clled K for cid in this cse some of the rectnt is present t eq the lrger the K the more n cid dissocites, the stronger the cid e.g. for nitric cid K >> 1 we tlk bout K 's t length little lter 16.3 The Autoioniztion of Wter s we will soon lern wter my ct s either n cid or bse mphoteric wter s bse: HA(q) H O(l) H3 O(q) A(q) wter s n cid: B(q) H O(l) BH(q) OH(q) Autoioniztion occurs when species cn ionize itself this occurs for wter s shown below: HO ( l) OH ( q) HO 3 ( q) Kc [ OH ( q) [ HO 3 ( q) since wter is in excess (it s the solvent) the concentrtion is constnt Kw [ OH( q) [ H3 O( q) reltionship between [ OH ( q) nd [ HO 3 ( q) [ H3 O( q) [ OH( q) [ H3 O( q) [ OH( q) cidic neutrl [ H O [ OH bsic 3 ( q) ( q) the vlue for both [ OH ( q) nd [ HO 3 ( q) in pure wter re 1.0 x 10 7 t 98K K w (1.010 )(1.010 ) Exmple: Determine the hydroxide concentrtion in solution with 4 [ H O ( q) K K H O OH OH 14 w 11 w [ 3 ( q) [ ( q) [ ( q) [ HO 3 ( q) The ph Scle ph is log scle which describes the "power of hydrogen" the ph is relted to the [ HO 3 ( q) : ph log[ H3 O ( q) 7 for pure wter: ph log[ H3 O ( q) log(1.010 ) 7 this is neutrl ph when solution hs ph < 7.0 it is cidic when solution hs ph > 7.0 it is bsic poh & Other p Scles ll p scles men log of poh is exctly like ph except it is dependent upon [ OH ( q) : poh = log[ OH ( q) In Chpter 17 we will hve pk nd pk b mening the log(k ) etc. the ph nd poh re relted to K w

3 Kw [ OH( q) [ H3 O( q) log Kw log{[ OH( q) [ H3 O( q) } log Kw log[ OH( q) log[ H3 O( q) 14 pk poh ph log(1.010 ) 14 w esuring ph you my hve used litmus pper in GenChem I lb to see if something ws more or less bsic phenolphthlein is pink in bsic solution nd ppers cler in cidic s you cn see bove This will become more relevnt in Chpter 17 when we tlk bout titrtions when we tlk bout color indictors 16.5 Strong Acids & Bses s we previously discussed strong cids nd bses completely dissocite in wter therefore, whtever the concentrtion of our strong cid or bse will be the concentrtion of the H + nd OH, respectively Exmples: Write the blnced eqution for ech of the following nd determine the ph..) HClO 4(q) HClO4(q) H O(l) H3 O(q) ClO4(q) [H3 O (q) [HClO 4(q) ph log( ) 0.30 b.) LiOH (q) LiOH(q) Li(q) OH(q) [OH(q) [LiOH (q) ph 14 poh 14 ( log(0.056 )) 1.41 Exmple: Determine the hydronium ion concentrtion for C(OH). C(OH) (q) C(q) OH(q) OH (q) C(OH) (q) K w [H3 O (q) OH (q) 16.6 Wek Acids wek cids nd bses do not completely dissocite in wter therefore t eq they re still present: ( q) ( l) 3 ( q) ( q) ( q) ( q) ( q) HA H O H O A or HA H A K HO 3 ( q) A ( q) H ( q) A ( q) HA HA the K is clled the cid dissocition constnt nd gives us n ide of cid strength

4 the lrger the K the more strongly the equilibrium will lie towrd product the more likely the cid is to dissocite nd rise the cidity of the solution the stronger the cid Clculting K from ph Similr to wht we did lst chpter with the %dissocition, we cn get the K from the ph Exmple: Wht is the K of solution of HC 7 H 5 O if the ph of this solution is.75? We begin with n ICE Tble HC H O C H O H 7 5 ( q) 7 5 ( q) ( q) HC7H5O ( q) CHO 7 5 ( q) H ( q) Initil Chnge x +x +x Eq x +x +x Next, we write down symbolic representtion of the equilibrium/cid dissocition expression: [ CHO 7 5 ( q) [ H( q) [ HC H O 7 5 ( q) Now we remember we don t know K but need to find it which mens we must know x: ph.75 3 [ H ( q) Finlly we plug in x for our equilibrium expression nd solve [ CHO q [ H q x [ HC7H5O( q) x Percent Ioniztion degree of ioniztion/dissocition: percentge tht n cid ionizes 7 5 ( ) ( ) 5 [ H HA( q) H( q) A( q) 100% [ HA Exmple: Determine the percent dissocition of of benzoic cid. HC7H5O( q) C7H5O( q) H( q) We lredy will find [ H therefore 5 3 [ H % 3.54% HA It should be smll since our K is so smll Using K to Clculte ph/poh we use ICE tbles

5 Ex: Clculte [H + nd the poh of of benzoic cid. HC7H5O( q) C7H 5O( q) H( q) HC7H5O ( q) 5 CHO 7 5 ( q) H ( q) Initil Chnge x +x +x Eq x +x +x [ CHO 7 5 ( q) [ H( q) x [ HC7H5O( q) x x x x x x x x [ H ph poh poh 14 ph 14 log[ H 11.5 Polyprotoic Acids for cids contining 1 proton we cll them monoprotic for two they re diprotic (e.g. H SO 4 ) for three they re clled triprotic (H 3 PO 4 ) Exmple: Clculte the [H + of of sulfuric cid. HSO 4( q) H( q) HSO4( q) 1 HSO H SO K ( q) ( q) 4( q) Initilly ll of the H SO 4 dissocites completely into H( q) HSO4( q) HSO H 4( q) ( q) SO 4( q) Initil Chnge x +x +x Eq x x +x [ H( q) [ SO4( q) (0.050 xx ) 1.10 [ HSO4( q) (0.050 x) xx x 4 x 0.06x x [H + = = x x Why is K 1 > K? HSO H HSO K 1 4( q) ( q) 4( q) HSO H SO K ( q) ( q) 4( q)

6 electrostticlly, it is more difficult to remove H+ from SO 4( q) thn HSO 4( q) therefore, the second K is lwys smller thn the first 16.7 Wek Bses we hndle them just like we do wek cids this time our eq const is the bse dissocition constnt or K b Exmple: Clculte the ph of NH 3. NH3( q) H O OH ( q) NH 4( q) Kb NH 3( q) 5 OH ( q) NH 4( q) Initil Chnge x +x +x Eq x +x +x [ OH( q) [ NH 4( q) x [ NH3( q) x x x x x x 4 x [ OH ph 14 log[ OH Reltionship Between & Kb K w = K *K b flls out of the reltionship tht we hve lredy discussed K totl = K 1 *K * Exmple: Determine the K b of HCN if K = 4.9 x Kw Kw Kb Kb K Acid Bse Properties of Slt Solutions the stronger prtner lwys domintes: strong cid + strong bse = neutrl soln strong cid + wek bse = cidic soln wek cid + strong bse = bsic soln Exmple: Clssify the following solutions s bsic, cidic, or neutrl..) KBr b.) NNO c.) NH 4 Cl Answer:.) Neutrl b.) bsic c.) cidic Exmple: Clculte the K for the ction & the K b for the nion in n queous solution contining NH 4 CN. Is the solution cidic, bsic, or neutrl?

7 b Kw b Kb CN we will hve to use the of HCN to get its Kb b? Kw b b 4 the soln is bsic NH CN NH CN for NH : NH H O NH H O? we will not find this K in tble BUT we cn find the K of NH to it: NH H O NH OH K K for CN H O HCN OH K HCN H O CN H O K K K CN K NH Exmple: Clculte the ph of 0.5 NC H 3 O, K = 1.76x Kw Kb K ( q) ( l) 3 ( q) ( q) CHO HO HCHO OH CHO HCH3 O ( q) 3 ( q) OH q Initil Chnge x +x +x Eq 0.50 x +x +x [ HCH3 O( q) [ OH x 10 Kb [ CHO 0.50 x 3 ( q) becuse we hve lrge concentrtion of cette & smll K b we will try nd ssume 0.50 >> x x x x x ck : 100% 0.005% 5% 0.50 therefore our ssumption is vlid nd [OH = 4.77x10 5 ph = 14 poh = 14 + log[oh = Acid Bse Behvior & Chemicl Structure electronegtivity drw trend cid strength down column in the periodic tble s we go down column we decrese EN more EN tom will hve stronger bond to H + if the H X bond is strong then it will be hrd to dissocite HX this will led to weker cid in solution cid strength: HF < HCl < HBr < HI cid strength going cross row in the periodic tble

8 s we go cross row from left to right we increse EN we lso increse polrity of the H X bond this mens tht if the H X bond is broken it does not necessrily led to H + (e.g. CH 4 ) if we don't hve H + then we hve weker cid cid strength: CH 4 < NH 3 < H O < HF oxocids: H n XO m electronegtivity effects for oxocids of the hlogens the trend is: HOI < HOBr < HOCl this trend occurs becuse s we increse the EN of the hlogen we re pulling electron density wy from the O tom if we tke electron density wy from the O tom we weken the O H bond this will in turn llow H + the freedom to brek wy nd go into soln number of oxygens in the cid (oxocids) if we increse the number of O toms in n cid then we increse its strength this becuse we increse the oxidtion number of the centrl tom Exmple: Oxocids of Chlorine Acid Oxidition Stte of Cl K HClO +1.9 x 10 8 HClO x 10 HClO HClO x Lewis Acids & Bses Definition: bse is substnce tht dontes pirs of electrons n cid is substnce tht ccepts pirs of electrons e.g. NH3BF3 H3NBF3 where NH 3 dontes e 's (bse) nd B is the cceptor (cid)

1. Weak acids. For a weak acid HA, there is less than 100% dissociation to ions. The B-L equilibrium is:

1. Weak acids. For a weak acid HA, there is less than 100% dissociation to ions. The B-L equilibrium is: th 9 Homework: Reding, M&F, ch. 15, pp. 584-598, 602-605 (clcultions of ph, etc., for wek cids, wek bses, polyprotic cids, nd slts; fctors ffecting cid strength). Problems: Nkon, ch. 18, #1-10, 16-18,

More information

Hydronium or hydroxide ions can also be produced by a reaction of certain substances with water:

Hydronium or hydroxide ions can also be produced by a reaction of certain substances with water: Chpter 14 1 ACIDS/BASES Acids hve tste, rect with most metls to produce, rect with most crbontes to produce, turn litmus nd phenolphthlein. Bses hve tste rect very well well with most metls or crbontes,

More information

7/19/2011. Models of Solution Chemistry- III Acids and Bases

7/19/2011. Models of Solution Chemistry- III Acids and Bases Models of Solution Chemistry- III Acids nd Bses Ionic Atmosphere Model : Revisiting Ionic Strength Ionic strength - mesure of totl concentrtion of ions in the solution Chpter 8 1 2 i μ ( ) 2 c i z c concentrtion

More information

Which of the following describes the net ionic reaction for the hydrolysis. Which of the following salts will produce a solution with the highest ph?

Which of the following describes the net ionic reaction for the hydrolysis. Which of the following salts will produce a solution with the highest ph? 95. Which of the following descries the net ionic rection for the hydrolysis of NH4Cl( s)? A. NH4 ( q) Cl & ( q) NH4Cl( s) B. NH Cl & 4 ( s) NH4 ( q) Cl ( q) C. Cl ( q) H O & 2 ( l) HCl( q) OH ( q) D.

More information

Homework 04. Acids, Bases, and Salts

Homework 04. Acids, Bases, and Salts HW04 - Acids, Bses, nd Slts! This is preview of the published version of the quiz Strted: Feb 21 t 8:59m Quiz Instruc!ons Homework 04 Acids, Bses, nd Slts Question 1 In the reversible rection HCN + H O

More information

Chapter 17: Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria

Chapter 17: Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria 1 Chpter 17: Additionl Aspects of Aqueous Equilibri Khoot! 1. Adding Br to sturted queous solution of decreses its solubility in wter. BSO 4, Li CO 3, PbS, AgBr. Which of the following mitures could be

More information

Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry

Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry Homework Fundmentls of nlyticl hemistry hpter 9 0, 1, 5, 7, 9 cids, Bses, nd hpter 9(b) Definitions cid Releses H ions in wter (rrhenius) Proton donor (Bronsted( Lowry) Electron-pir cceptor (Lewis) hrcteristic

More information

30. a. Al(H 2 O) 6 + H 2 O Co(H 2 O) 5 (OH) 2+ + H 3 O + acid base conjugate base conjugate acid

30. a. Al(H 2 O) 6 + H 2 O Co(H 2 O) 5 (OH) 2+ + H 3 O + acid base conjugate base conjugate acid Chpter 14 : xx,3,40,4,xx,xx,47,50,54,55,xx,64,xx,83,85,91,93,95,10,11,134,138 xx.. HC H 3 O (q) H O(l) C H 3 O (q) H 3 O (q) = [H O ][C H O ] 3 3 [HC H O ] 3 b. Co(H O) 6 3 (q) H O(l) Co(H O) 5 (OH) (q)

More information

Organic Acids - Carboxylic Acids

Organic Acids - Carboxylic Acids Orgnic Acids - rboxylic Acids Orgnic cids - crboxylic cid functionl group rboxylic cids re redily deprotonted by bses such s NO eg 3 O O - + O - + O 3 O O Acid Bse onjugte Bse onjugte Acid This rection

More information

Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (s) 3 Cu 2+ (aq) + 2 PO 4 3- (aq) circle answer: pure water or Na 3 PO 4 solution This is the common-ion effect.

Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (s) 3 Cu 2+ (aq) + 2 PO 4 3- (aq) circle answer: pure water or Na 3 PO 4 solution This is the common-ion effect. CHEM 1122011 NAME: ANSWER KEY Vining, Exm # SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS ============= 4 points ech ============ All work must be shown. 1. Wht re [H O ] nd [OH ] for solution tht hs ph of 9.0? Choose one. ()

More information

Acids and Bases. H + (aq) + Cl - (aq) 100 molecules HCl 100 H+ ions Cl- ions 100% HCl molecules dissociate in water.

Acids and Bases. H + (aq) + Cl - (aq) 100 molecules HCl 100 H+ ions Cl- ions 100% HCl molecules dissociate in water. Acids nd Bses Acids: in generl cid is the substnce tht produces H ions when it is dissolved in wter. Acids cn be divided into two different clsses: Strong cid: is one tht completely dissocites into its

More information

CHAPTER 08: MONOPROTIC ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA

CHAPTER 08: MONOPROTIC ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA Hrris: Quntittive Chemicl Anlysis, Eight Edition CHAPTER 08: MONOPROTIC ACIDBASE EQUILIBRIA CHAPTER 08: Opener A CHAPTER 08: Opener B CHAPTER 08: Opener C CHAPTER 08: Opener D CHAPTER 08: Opener E Chpter

More information

Find this material useful? You can help our team to keep this site up and bring you even more content consider donating via the link on our site.

Find this material useful? You can help our team to keep this site up and bring you even more content consider donating via the link on our site. Find this mteril useful? You cn help our tem to keep this site up nd bring you even more content consider donting vi the link on our site. Still hving trouble understnding the mteril? Check out our Tutoring

More information

CHEMISTRY 16 HOUR EXAM III March 26, 1998 Dr. Finklea - Answer key

CHEMISTRY 16 HOUR EXAM III March 26, 1998 Dr. Finklea - Answer key CHEMISTRY 16 HOUR EXAM III Mrch 26, 1998 Dr. Finkle - Answer key 1. Phenol, lso known s crbolic cid, is wek monoprotic cid (HA). A 1.0 M solution of phenol hs ph of 4.95. Wht is the K of phenol? 1. 2.0

More information

APEF Acids and Bases - Answers

APEF Acids and Bases - Answers APEF Acids nd Bses - Answers 1. It requires 3.0 ml of 0.0500 mol/l NOH(q) to neutrlize 100.0 ml of gstric juice. We cn ssume tht HCl(q) is the only cid present in gstric juice. ) Clculte the concentrtion

More information

Dr. Steward s CHM152 Exam #2 Review Spring 2014 (Ch ) KEY

Dr. Steward s CHM152 Exam #2 Review Spring 2014 (Ch ) KEY Dr. Stewrd s CHM152 Em #2 Review Spring 2014 (Ch. 16. 17) KEY 1. Eplin the commonion effect. Wek cid or wek bse s % dissocition will decrese if they re plced in solutions with one of the products of dissocition.

More information

Acid and Base Definitions

Acid and Base Definitions Chpter 8 AcidBse Equilibri Acid nd Bse Definitions 81 BrønstedLowry Acids nd Bses 8 Wter nd the p Scle 8 The Strengths of Acids nd Bses 84 Equilibri Involving Wek Acids nd Bses 85 Buffer Solutions 86 AcidBse

More information

9-1 (a) A weak electrolyte only partially ionizes when dissolved in water. NaHCO 3 is an

9-1 (a) A weak electrolyte only partially ionizes when dissolved in water. NaHCO 3 is an Chpter 9 9- ( A ek electrolyte only prtilly ionizes hen dissolved in ter. NC is n exmple of ek electrolyte. (b A Brønsted-ory cid is cule tht dontes proton hen it encounters bse (proton cceptor. By this

More information

Strong acids and bases. Strong acids and bases. Systematic Treatment of Equilibrium & Monoprotic Acid-base Equilibrium.

Strong acids and bases. Strong acids and bases. Systematic Treatment of Equilibrium & Monoprotic Acid-base Equilibrium. Strong cids nd bses Systemtic Tretment of Equilibrium & Monoprotic cid-bse Equilibrium onc. (M) 0.0.00 -.00-5.00-8 p Strong cids nd bses onc. (M) p 0.0.0.00 -.0.00-5 5.0.00-8 8.0? We hve to consider utoprotolysis

More information

Experiment 9: DETERMINATION OF WEAK ACID IONIZATION CONSTANT & PROPERTIES OF A BUFFERED SOLUTION

Experiment 9: DETERMINATION OF WEAK ACID IONIZATION CONSTANT & PROPERTIES OF A BUFFERED SOLUTION Experiment 9: DETERMINATION OF WEAK ACID IONIZATION CONSTANT & PROPERTIES OF A BUFFERED SOLUTION Purpose: Prt I: The cid ioniztion constnt of wek cid is to be determined, nd the cid is identified ccordingly.

More information

HONH 3 initial M - ~0 0 -x - +x +x equilibrium x - x x. ] (x)(x) x b. If you assume that x << 0.100, then x

HONH 3 initial M - ~0 0 -x - +x +x equilibrium x - x x. ] (x)(x) x b. If you assume that x << 0.100, then x Chpter 15 : xx, 4, 8, 0, 8, 44, 48, 50, 51, 55, 76, 8, 90, 96(90), 1(111) xx. NH 4 OH NH H O NH H O NH 4 H O 4.. HONH (q) H O(l) OH (q) HONH (q) HONH H O OH HONH initil 0.100 M ~0 0 x x x equilibrium 0.100

More information

A) Arrhenius Acids produce H+ and bases produce OH not always used because it only IDs X OH as basic species

A) Arrhenius Acids produce H+ and bases produce OH not always used because it only IDs X OH as basic species 3 ACID AND BASE THEORIES: A) Arrhenius Acids produce H+ and bases produce OH not always used because it only IDs X OH as basic species B) Bronsted and Lowry Acid = H + donor > CB = formed after H + dissociates

More information

Chem 130 Third Exam. Total /100

Chem 130 Third Exam. Total /100 Nme Chem 130 Third Exm On the following pges you will find eight questions covering vries topics rnging from precipittion solubility, cid bse, nd oxidtion reduction rections to metl lignd complexes nd

More information

temperature is known as ionic product of water. It is designated as K w. Value of K w

temperature is known as ionic product of water. It is designated as K w. Value of K w Ionic product of ter The product of concentrtions of H nd OH ions in ter t prticulr temperture is knon s ionic product of ter. It is designted s K. H O H 1 OH ; H 57.3 kjm The vlue of [H ][OH ] K ; K[HO]

More information

CHAPTER 13: ACIDS & BASES. Section Arrhenius Acid & Bases Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist ( ).

CHAPTER 13: ACIDS & BASES. Section Arrhenius Acid & Bases Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist ( ). CHAPTER 13: ACIDS & BASES Section 13.1 Arrhenius Acid & Bases Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist (1839-1927). He understood that aqueous solutions of acids and bases conduct electricity (they are electrolytes).

More information

[HCO ] log = M. + log = log = log [CH

[HCO ] log = M. + log = log = log [CH Chpter 17: 7, 9, 11, 1, 15, 1, 7,, 9, 4, 49, 50, 51, 79, 81, 8, 87, 9, 99, 105, 11, 117 [HCO ] 7. ph = pk + log [H CO ] [HCO ] [H CO ] log = 1.6 [HCO ] = 0.04 [HCO ] [NH ] 0.15 M 9. ph = pk + log = 9.5

More information

Acid Base Equilibrium Review

Acid Base Equilibrium Review Acid Bse Equilirium Review Proof of true understnding of cid se equilirium culmintes in the ility to find ph of ny solution or comintion of solutions. The ility to determine ph of multitude of solutions

More information

To determine if our protein unfolds or not is it sufficient to know the K a and K b Values of the functional groups? - O H

To determine if our protein unfolds or not is it sufficient to know the K a and K b Values of the functional groups? - O H A students work (without solutions mnul) ~ problems/night To determine if our protein unfolds or not is it sufficient to know the nd b Vlues of the functionl groups? Dr Alnh Fitch Flnner Hll 40 508-119

More information

Chapter 15. Applications of Aqueous Equlibria. A bag of mostly water - Star Trek -

Chapter 15. Applications of Aqueous Equlibria. A bag of mostly water - Star Trek - Chpter 15. Applictions of Aqueous Equlibri A bg of mostly wter - Str Trek - Solutions of Acids or Bses Contining Common Ion Until now, we were concerned with the equilibrium of solution with n cid or bse.

More information

Experiment 9: WEAK ACID IONIZATION CONSTANT & PROPERTIES OF A BUFFERED SOLUTION

Experiment 9: WEAK ACID IONIZATION CONSTANT & PROPERTIES OF A BUFFERED SOLUTION Experiment 9: WEAK ACID IONIZATION CONSTANT & PROPERTIES OF A BUFFERED SOLUTION Purpose: Prt I: The cid ioniztion constnt of wek cid is to be determined, nd the cid is identified ccordingly. Prt II: The

More information

Problem 22: Buffer solutions 1. The equilibrium, which governs the concentration of H + within the solution is HCOOH! HCOO + H + + Hence K

Problem 22: Buffer solutions 1. The equilibrium, which governs the concentration of H + within the solution is HCOOH! HCOO + H + + Hence K Problem : Buffer solutions. The equilibrium, hich governs the concentrtion of H ithin the solution is HCOOH! HCOO H [HCOO ] 4 Hence. [HCOOH] nd since [HCOOH] 0.00 M nd [HCOO ] 0.50 M -4 0.00 4..8 M 0.50

More information

Acids, Bases, and ph. ACIDS, BASES, & ph

Acids, Bases, and ph. ACIDS, BASES, & ph I. Arrhenius Acids and Bases ACIDS, BASES, & ph Acid any substance which delivers hydrogen ion (H + ) _ to the solution. Base any substance which delivers hydroxide ion (OH ) to the solution. II ph ph

More information

Section 32 Acids and Bases. Copyright (c) 2011 by Michael A. Janusa, PhD. All rights reserved.

Section 32 Acids and Bases. Copyright (c) 2011 by Michael A. Janusa, PhD. All rights reserved. Section 32 Acids and Bases 1 Copyright (c) 2011 by Michael A. Janusa, PhD. All rights reserved. Acid-Base Concepts Acids and bases are among the most familiar and important of all chemical compounds. You

More information

Contents and Concepts

Contents and Concepts Chapter 16 1 Learning Objectives Acid Base Concepts Arrhenius Concept of Acids and Base a. Define acid and base according to the Arrhenius concept. Brønsted Lowry Concept of Acids and Bases a. Define acid

More information

CHAPTER 17 ADDITIONAL ASPECTS OF ACID BASE EQUILIBRIA

CHAPTER 17 ADDITIONAL ASPECTS OF ACID BASE EQUILIBRIA CHAPTER 17 ADDITIONAL ASPECTS OF ACID BASE EQUILIBRIA PRACTICE EXAMPLES 1A (D) Orgnize the solution round the lnced chemicl eqution, s we hve done efore. Initil: 0.500M 0M 0M Eqution: HF(q) HO(l) HO (q)

More information

Chem 130 Third Exam Key

Chem 130 Third Exam Key Nme Chem 130 Third Exm Key On the following pges re eight questions tht consider topics rnging from precipittion solubility, cid bse, nd oxidtion reduction rections to metl lignd complexes nd coordintion

More information

CHEMGURU.ORG YOUTUBE ; CHEMGURU. Syllabus. Acids and Bases, ph, Common ion effect, Buffer solutions, Hydrolysis of salts and Solubility Product.

CHEMGURU.ORG YOUTUBE ; CHEMGURU. Syllabus. Acids and Bases, ph, Common ion effect, Buffer solutions, Hydrolysis of salts and Solubility Product. Syllbus Acids nd Bses, ph, Common ion effect, Buffer solutions, Hydrolysis of slts nd Solubility Product. Acids nd Bses Here we discuss some importnt definitions of cids nd bses. Arrhenius Definition Arrhenius

More information

FIRST EXAM. Answer any 4 of the following 5 questions. Please state any additional assumptions you made, and show all work.

FIRST EXAM. Answer any 4 of the following 5 questions. Please state any additional assumptions you made, and show all work. CEE 680 8 Mrch 018 FIRST EXAM Closed ook, one pge of notes llowed. Answer ny 4 of the following 5 questions. Plese stte ny dditionl ssumptions you mde, nd show ll work. Miscellneous Informtion: R = 1.987

More information

Aqueous Equilibria: Acids and Bases

Aqueous Equilibria: Acids and Bases Slide 1 Chapter 14 Aqueous Equilibria: Acids and Bases Slide 2 Acid Base Concepts 01 Arrhenius Acid: A substance which dissociates to form hydrogen ions (H + ) in solution. HA(aq) H + (aq) + A (aq) Arrhenius

More information

The best things in life aren t things

The best things in life aren t things Chemistry 132 NT The best things in life aren t things Anon 1 2 Chem 132 NT Acids and Module 2 Acid and Base s Relative s of Acids and Acidbase indicator dye. 3 1 Review Arrhenius ConceptAcids H+ donors

More information

ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA. Chapter 16

ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA. Chapter 16 P a g e 1 Chapter 16 ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA Nature of Acids and Bases Before we formally define acids and bases, let s examine their properties. Properties of Acids Sour taste Ability to dissolve many metals

More information

Chapter 14. Objectives

Chapter 14. Objectives Section 1 Properties of Acids and Bases Objectives List five general properties of aqueous acids and bases. Name common binary acids and oxyacids, given their chemical formulas. List five acids commonly

More information

Chemistry I Notes Unit 10: Acids and Bases

Chemistry I Notes Unit 10: Acids and Bases Chemistry I Notes Unit 10: Acids and Bases Acids 1. Sour taste. 2. Acids change the color of acid- base indicators (turn blue litmus red). 3. Some acids react with active metals and release hydrogen gas,

More information

Properties of Acids and Bases

Properties of Acids and Bases Chapter 15 Aqueous Equilibria: Acids and Bases Properties of Acids and Bases Generally, an acid is a compound that releases hydrogen ions, H +, into water. Blue litmus is used to test for acids. Blue litmus

More information

Lecture Presentation. Chapter 16. Acid Base Equilibria. John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Pearson Education, Inc.

Lecture Presentation. Chapter 16. Acid Base Equilibria. John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Presentation Chapter 16 Acid Base Equilibria John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Some Definitions Arrhenius An acid is a substance that, when dissolved in water, increases

More information

Acid-Base Equilibria

Acid-Base Equilibria Tdeusz Górecki Ionic Equiliri Acid-Bse Equiliri Brønsted-Lory: n cid is proton, se is. Acid Bse ( 3 PO 4, O), ( N 4 ) nd ( PO - 4 ) cn ll ehve s cids. Exmple: 4 N N3 Sustnces hich cn ehve oth s cids nd

More information

Chapter 16. Dr Ayman Nafady

Chapter 16. Dr Ayman Nafady Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 16 Dr Ayman Nafady John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Some Definitions

More information

(Label the Conjugate Pairs) Water in the last example acted as a Bronsted-Lowry base, and here it is acting as an acid. or

(Label the Conjugate Pairs) Water in the last example acted as a Bronsted-Lowry base, and here it is acting as an acid. or Chapter 16 - Acid-Base Equilibria Arrhenius Definition produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution. produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. Limits to aqueous solutions. Only one kind of base. NH

More information

Find this material useful? You can help our team to keep this site up and bring you even more content consider donating via the link on our site.

Find this material useful? You can help our team to keep this site up and bring you even more content consider donating via the link on our site. Find this mteil useful? You cn help ou tem to keep this site up nd bing you even moe content conside donting vi the link on ou site. Still hving touble undestnding the mteil? Check out ou Tutoing pge to

More information

Math Lecture 23

Math Lecture 23 Mth 8 - Lecture 3 Dyln Zwick Fll 3 In our lst lecture we delt with solutions to the system: x = Ax where A is n n n mtrix with n distinct eigenvlues. As promised, tody we will del with the question of

More information

Aqueous solutions of acids have a sour Aqueous solutions of bases taste bitter

Aqueous solutions of acids have a sour Aqueous solutions of bases taste bitter Acid and Bases Exam Review Honors Chemistry 3 April 2012 Chapter 14- Acids and Bases Section 14.1- Acid and Base Properties List five general properties of aqueous acids and bases Properties of Acids Properties

More information

Chap 16 Chemical Equilibrium HSU FUYIN

Chap 16 Chemical Equilibrium HSU FUYIN Chap 16 Chemical Equilibrium HSU FUYIN 1 Definitions: Arrhenius & Brønsted Lowry acid and base Arrhenius theory: An acid is a substance that, when dissolved in water, increases the concentration of hydrogen

More information

[HIO 4 ] (mol/l) [IO 4 ] (mol/l) [H 3 O + ] (mol/l) I C x +x +x E x x x

[HIO 4 ] (mol/l) [IO 4 ] (mol/l) [H 3 O + ] (mol/l) I C x +x +x E x x x 54. Determine the ph of 0.084 mol/l periodic cid solution, HIO 4 (q). The vlue for the rection below is.9 10. HIO 4 (q) + H O(l) IO 4 (q) + H 3 O + (q) Wht Is Required? You must determine the ph of the

More information

CHEMISTRY - BROWN 14E CH.16 - ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA.

CHEMISTRY - BROWN 14E CH.16 - ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA. !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: ACID IDENTIFICATION The most common feature of an acid is that many possess an H + ion called the. When it comes to acids there are 2 MAJOR TYPES that exist: are acids where

More information

Unit 2 Acids and Bases

Unit 2 Acids and Bases Unit 2 Acids and Bases 1 Topics Properties / Operational Definitions Acid-Base Theories ph & poh calculations Equilibria (Kw, K a, K b ) Indicators Titrations STSE: Acids Around Us 2 Operational Definitions

More information

Chapter 10 - Acids & Bases

Chapter 10 - Acids & Bases Chapter 10 - Acids & Bases 10.1-Acids & Bases: Definitions Arrhenius Definitions Acids: substances that produce hydrogen ions when dissolved in H 2 O Common Strong Acids: Common Weak acids: Organic carboxylic

More information

Chapter 14: Acids and Bases

Chapter 14: Acids and Bases Chapter 14: Acids and Bases 14.1 The Nature of Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry Acid-Base Systems Bronsted acid: proton donor Bronsted base: proton acceptor Bronsted acid base reaction: proton transfer from

More information

Chapter 16. Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten

Chapter 16. Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 16 John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Some Definitions Arrhenius

More information

Chemistry Department. The Islamic University of Gaza. General Chemistry B.(CHEMB 1301) Time:2 hours الرقم الجامعي... اسم المدرس...

Chemistry Department. The Islamic University of Gaza. General Chemistry B.(CHEMB 1301) Time:2 hours الرقم الجامعي... اسم المدرس... The Islmic University of Gz Chemistry Deprtment Generl Chemistry B.(CHEMB 1301) Time:2 hours 60 اسم الطالب... الرقم الجامعي... اسم المدرس... R = 8.314 J/mol.K, or = 0.0821 L.tm/mol.K Q1- True ( ) or flse(

More information

Chapter 16. Acids and Bases. Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 1

Chapter 16. Acids and Bases. Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 1 Chapter 16 Acids and Bases Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 1 Section 16.1 Acids and Bases Models of Acids and Bases Arrhenius: Acids produce H + ions in solution, bases produce OH ions.

More information

11/14/10. Properties of Acids! CHAPTER 15 Acids and Bases. Table 18.1

11/14/10. Properties of Acids! CHAPTER 15 Acids and Bases. Table 18.1 11/14/10 CHAPTER 15 Acids and Bases 15-1 Properties of Acids! Sour taste React with active metals i.e., Al, Zn, Fe, but not Cu, Ag, or Au 2 Al + 6 HCl 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2 corrosive React with carbonates, producing

More information

20 MATHEMATICS POLYNOMIALS

20 MATHEMATICS POLYNOMIALS 0 MATHEMATICS POLYNOMIALS.1 Introduction In Clss IX, you hve studied polynomils in one vrible nd their degrees. Recll tht if p(x) is polynomil in x, the highest power of x in p(x) is clled the degree of

More information

ACID BASE EQUILIBRIUM

ACID BASE EQUILIBRIUM ACID BASE EQUILIBRIUM Part one: Acid/Base Theories Learning Goals: to identify acids and bases and their conjugates according to Arrhenius and Bronstead Lowry Theories. to be able to identify amphoteric

More information

CHEMISTRY - BROWN 13E CH.16 - ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA - PART 2.

CHEMISTRY - BROWN 13E CH.16 - ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA - PART 2. !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: ph and poh To deal with incredibly small concentration values of [H + ] and [OH - ] we can use the ph scale. Under normal conditions, the ph scale operates within the range

More information

Acids and Bases Unit 11

Acids and Bases Unit 11 Mr. B s Chemistry Acids and Bases Unit 11 Name Block Let s start our discussion of acids and bases by defining some terms that are essential to the topics that follow. Arrhenius acids and bases are: acid

More information

Recitation 3: More Applications of the Derivative

Recitation 3: More Applications of the Derivative Mth 1c TA: Pdric Brtlett Recittion 3: More Applictions of the Derivtive Week 3 Cltech 2012 1 Rndom Question Question 1 A grph consists of the following: A set V of vertices. A set E of edges where ech

More information

Chapter 16 Acid-Base Equilibria

Chapter 16 Acid-Base Equilibria Chapter 16 Acid-Base Equilibria Learning goals and key skills: Understand the nature of the hydrated proton, represented as either H + (aq) or H 3 O + (aq) Define and identify Arrhenuis acids and bases.

More information

Unit 4a Acids, Bases, and Salts Theory

Unit 4a Acids, Bases, and Salts Theory Unit 4a Acids, Bases, and Salts Theory Chemistry 12 Arrhenius Theory of Acids and Bases The first theory that was proposed to explain the actions of acids and bases was by Svante Arrhenius. It is still

More information

Practice test Chapters 15 and 16: Acids and Bases

Practice test Chapters 15 and 16: Acids and Bases Name: Class: Date: Practice test Chapters 15 and 16: Acids and Bases 1. Which of the following pairs of species is not a conjugate acid base pair? A) HOCl, OCl B) HNO 2, NO + 2 C) O 2, OH D) HSO 4, SO

More information

Initial Change x +x +x Equilibrium x x x

Initial Change x +x +x Equilibrium x x x Chpter 8 Homework Solutions 8.1 () n(h ) 0.144 mol/l x 0.05 L 3.60x10-3 mol n(oh - ) 0.15 mol/l x 0.05 L 3.1x10-3 mol After neutrliztion, excess n(h ) 3.6x10-3 mol - 3.1x10-3 mol 4.8x10-4 mol [ H n( H

More information

Unit 9. Acids, Bases, & Salts Acid/Base Equilibrium

Unit 9. Acids, Bases, & Salts Acid/Base Equilibrium Unit 9 Acids, Bases, & Salts Acid/Base Equilibrium Properties of Acids sour or tart taste strong acids burn; weak acids feel similar to H 2 O acid solutions are electrolytes acids react with most metals

More information

Acid-Base Equilibria. 1.NH 4 Cl 2.NaCl 3.KC 2 H 3 O 2 4.NaNO 2. Acid-Ionization Equilibria. Acid-Ionization Equilibria

Acid-Base Equilibria. 1.NH 4 Cl 2.NaCl 3.KC 2 H 3 O 2 4.NaNO 2. Acid-Ionization Equilibria. Acid-Ionization Equilibria Acid-Ionization Equilibria Acid-Base Equilibria Acid ionization (or acid dissociation) is the reaction of an acid with water to produce hydronium ion (hydrogen ion) and the conjugate base anion. (See Animation:

More information

Chapter 14 Acids and Bases

Chapter 14 Acids and Bases Properties of Acids and Bases Chapter 14 Acids and Bases Svante Arrhenius (1859-1927) First to develop a theory for acids and bases in aqueous solution Arrhenius Acids Compounds which dissolve (dissociate)

More information

CHEMICAL KINETICS

CHEMICAL KINETICS CHEMICAL KINETICS Long Answer Questions: 1. Explin the following terms with suitble exmples ) Averge rte of Rection b) Slow nd Fst Rections c) Order of Rection d) Moleculrity of Rection e) Activtion Energy

More information

Solutions are aqueous and the temperature is 25 C unless stated otherwise.

Solutions are aqueous and the temperature is 25 C unless stated otherwise. Solutions are aqueous and the temperature is 25 C unless stated otherwise. 1. According to the Arrhenius definition, an acid is a substance that produces ions in aqueous solution. A. H C. OH B. H + D.

More information

Part 01 - Assignment: Introduction to Acids &Bases

Part 01 - Assignment: Introduction to Acids &Bases Part 01 - Assignment: Introduction to Acids &Bases Classify the following acids are monoprotic, diprotic, or triprotic by writing M, D, or T, respectively. 1. HCl 2. HClO4 3. H3As 4. H2SO4 5. H2S 6. H3PO4

More information

Mechanisms: The Basics

Mechanisms: The Basics Mechnisms: The Bsics A) The orrect Use of Arrows to Indicte Electron Movement The bility to write n orgnic rection mechnism properly is key to success in orgnic chemistry clsses. rgnic chemists use technique

More information

11/15/11. Chapter 16. HA(aq) + H 2 O(l) H 3 O + (aq) + A (aq) acid base conjugate conjugate

11/15/11. Chapter 16. HA(aq) + H 2 O(l) H 3 O + (aq) + A (aq) acid base conjugate conjugate Chapter 16 Table of Contents Chapter 16 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 Buffered Solutions Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 2 Models of Arrhenius: Acids produce H + ions in solution, bases

More information

Acids and Bases. Bases react with acids to form water and a salt. Bases do not commonly with metals.

Acids and Bases. Bases react with acids to form water and a salt. Bases do not commonly with metals. Acids and Bases Properties of Acids and Bases Acids taste. Lemon juice and, for example, are both aqueous solutions of acids. Acids conduct electricity; they are. Some are strong electrolytes, while others

More information

Acid-Base Chemistry & Organic Compounds. Chapter 2

Acid-Base Chemistry & Organic Compounds. Chapter 2 Acid-Base Chemistry & Organic Compounds Chapter 2 Brønsted Lowry Acids & Bases! Brønsted-Lowry Acid: Proton (H + ) Donor! Brønsted-Lowry Base: Proton (H + ) Acceptor! General reaction: HA + B: A - + BH

More information

Organic Acids & Bases pk a Values. ESE/CH 176 Environmental Physical Organic Chemistry April 2018

Organic Acids & Bases pk a Values. ESE/CH 176 Environmental Physical Organic Chemistry April 2018 Orgnic Acids & Bses pk Vlues ESE/CH 176 Environmentl Physicl Orgnic Chemistry 23-27 April 2018 Wter Dissocition Rection: K + - H2O ¾¾ ¾¾ H + OH K + - HO 2 + HO 2 ¾¾ ¾¾ HO 3 + OH Mss Action Lw K = g H +

More information

ADVANCED PLACEMENT CHEMISTRY ACIDS, BASES, AND AQUEOUS EQUILIBRIA

ADVANCED PLACEMENT CHEMISTRY ACIDS, BASES, AND AQUEOUS EQUILIBRIA ADVANCED PLACEMENT CHEMISTRY ACIDS, BASES, AND AQUEOUS EQUILIBRIA Acids- taste sour Bases(alkali)- taste bitter and feel slippery Arrhenius concept- acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution while

More information

Chapter 16. Acid-Base Equilibria

Chapter 16. Acid-Base Equilibria Chapter 16 Acid-Base Equilibria Arrhenius Definition Acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution. Bases produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. Limits to aqueous solutions. Only one kind of

More information

Chapter 14. Acids and Bases

Chapter 14. Acids and Bases Chapter 14 Acids and Bases Section 14.1 The Nature of Acids and Bases Models of Acids and Bases Arrhenius: Acids produce H + ions in solution, bases produce OH - ions. Brønsted Lowry: Acids are proton

More information

The Thermodynamics of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

The Thermodynamics of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions 18 The Thermodynmics of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions As discussed in Chpter 10, when slt is dissolved in wter or in other pproprite solvent, the molecules dissocite into ions. In queous solutions, strong

More information

CHAPTER 14 ACIDS AND BASES

CHAPTER 14 ACIDS AND BASES CHAPTER 14 ACIDS AND BASES Topics Definition of acids and bases Bronsted-Lowry Concept Dissociation constant of weak acids Acid strength Calculating ph for strong and weak acids and bases Polyprotic acids

More information

Chemistry 192 Problem Set 3 Spring, 2018 Solutions

Chemistry 192 Problem Set 3 Spring, 2018 Solutions Chemistry 19 Problem Set 3 Spring, 018 Solutions 1. Problem 3, page 78, textbook Answer (a) (b) (c) (d) HOBr (acid 1) + HSO 4 (acid 1) + HS (base 1) + C 6 H 5 NH + 3 (acid 1) + H O (base ) H 3O + (acid

More information

Chapter 16. Acid-Base Equilibria

Chapter 16. Acid-Base Equilibria Chapter 16. Acid-Base Equilibria 16.1 Acids and Bases: A Brief Review Acids taste sour and cause certain dyes to change color. Bases taste bitter and feel soapy. Arrhenius concept of acids and bases: An

More information

NATURE OF ACIDS & BASES

NATURE OF ACIDS & BASES General Properties: NATURE OF ACIDS & BASES ACIDS BASES Taste sour Bitter Change color of indicators Blue Litmus turns red no change Red Litmus no change turns blue Phenolphtalein Colorless turns pink

More information

Advanced Chemistry Practice Problems

Advanced Chemistry Practice Problems Finding ph 1. Question: Determine the ph for each of the given solutions. a. 0.150 M HNO3 b. 0.150 M CH3COOH, a = 1.8 10-5 c. 0.150 M CHOOH, a = 3.5 10-4 Answer: The method to determine the ph of a solution

More information

CHEMISTRY - CLUTCH CH.15 - ACID AND BASE EQUILIBRIUM.

CHEMISTRY - CLUTCH CH.15 - ACID AND BASE EQUILIBRIUM. !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: ACID IDENTIFICATION The most common feature of an acid is that many possess an H + ion called the. When it comes to acids there are 2 MAJOR TYPES that exist: are acids where

More information

Chemistry 400 Homework #3, Chapter 16: Acid-Base Equilibria

Chemistry 400 Homework #3, Chapter 16: Acid-Base Equilibria Chemistry 400 Homework #3, Chapter 16: Acid-Base Equilibria I. Multiple Choice (for those with an asterisk, you must show work) These multiple choice (MC) are not "Google-proof", but they were so good

More information

Definitions. Acids give off Hydrogen ions (protons) Bases give off hydroxide ions

Definitions. Acids give off Hydrogen ions (protons) Bases give off hydroxide ions Acids and Bases Arrhenius- Definitions Acids give off Hydrogen ions (protons) Bases give off hydroxide ions This definition did not include enough acids but does explain many. Brønsted-Lowry Acids are

More information

Properties of Integrals, Indefinite Integrals. Goals: Definition of the Definite Integral Integral Calculations using Antiderivatives

Properties of Integrals, Indefinite Integrals. Goals: Definition of the Definite Integral Integral Calculations using Antiderivatives Block #6: Properties of Integrls, Indefinite Integrls Gols: Definition of the Definite Integrl Integrl Clcultions using Antiderivtives Properties of Integrls The Indefinite Integrl 1 Riemnn Sums - 1 Riemnn

More information

Proton Transfer Acids - Base. Dr. Fred Omega Garces Chemistry 201. Miramar College

Proton Transfer Acids - Base. Dr. Fred Omega Garces Chemistry 201. Miramar College 16.2 Acids Base Proton Transfer Dr. Fred Omega Garces Chemistry 201 Miramar College Important Notes: K a when H 3 O + is produced, K b when OH is produced 1 Acids Bases; Proton Transfer BrønstedLowry AcidsBases

More information

Chem 130 Third Exam. ö ø. Name

Chem 130 Third Exam. ö ø. Name Nme Chem 130 Third Exm On the following pges re eight questions tht consider topics rnging from precipittion solubility, cid bse, nd oxidtion reduction rections to metl lignd complexes nd coordintion compounds.

More information

Acid-Base Equilibria. 1.NH 4 Cl 2.NaCl 3.KC 2 H 3 O 2 4.NaNO 2. Solutions of a Weak Acid or Base

Acid-Base Equilibria. 1.NH 4 Cl 2.NaCl 3.KC 2 H 3 O 2 4.NaNO 2. Solutions of a Weak Acid or Base Acid-Base Equilibria 1 Will the following salts be acidic, basic or neutral in aqueous solution? 1.NH 4 Cl.NaCl.KC H O 4.NaNO A = acidic B = basic C = neutral Solutions of a Weak Acid or Base The simplest

More information

Assignment 16 A incorrect

Assignment 16 A incorrect Assignment 16 A 1- What is the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution with a hydroxide-ion concentration of 2.31 10 4 M at 25 C? a) 4.33 10 11 M b) 2.31 10 4 M c) 2.31 10 18 M d) 2.31 10 10 M (The

More information

ACIDS AND BASES CONTINUED

ACIDS AND BASES CONTINUED ACIDS AND BASES CONTINUED WHAT HAPPENS WHEN AN ACID DISSOLVED IN WATER? Water acts as a Brønsted Lowry base and abstracts a proton (H+) from the acid. As a result, the conjugate base of the acid and a

More information

Improper Integrals. Type I Improper Integrals How do we evaluate an integral such as

Improper Integrals. Type I Improper Integrals How do we evaluate an integral such as Improper Integrls Two different types of integrls cn qulify s improper. The first type of improper integrl (which we will refer to s Type I) involves evluting n integrl over n infinite region. In the grph

More information