5E Essential Lesson-SC.8.P.8.6. Element Name: Hydrogen (H) Element Name: Helium (He) Number of orbitals: 1. Number of valence electrons: 2

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1 Element Name: Hydrogen (H) Number of orbitals: 1 Number of protons: 1 Atomic Mass: 1.01 AMU Properties: gas, bonds with other elements, flammable Element Name: Helium (He) Number of orbitals: 1 Number of protons: 2 Atomic Mass: 4.00 AMU Properties: gas, inert (nonreactive), very cold in liquid form Element Name: Lithium (Li) Number of protons: 3 Atomic Mass: 6.94 AMU Properties: silvery alkali metal, always bonded to other elements, very light Element Name: Beryllium (Be) Number of protons: 4 Atomic Mass: 9.01 AMU Properties: grey, hard, steel-like alkaline earth metal, always bonded with other elements, poisonous, nonmagnetic, very light

2 Element Name: Boron (B) Number of valence electrons: 3 Number of protons: 5 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: brown powder or crystal, always bonded to other elements, poor conductor of electricity Element Name: Carbon (C) Number of valence electrons: 4 Number of protons: 6 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: non-metal, bonds with other elements, very stable Element Name: Nitrogen (N) Number of valence electrons: 5 Number of protons: 7 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: clear gas, reactive when combined with other elements, odorless, cold in liquid form Element Name: Oxygen (O) Number of valence electrons: 6 Number of protons: 8 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: colorless, odorless gas, very reactive

3 Element Name: Fluorine (F) Number of valence electrons: 7 Number of protons: 9 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: halogen gas, very reactive, yellowish, poisonous Element Name: Neon (Ne) Number of valence electrons: 8 Number of protons: 10 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: clear, odorless, noble gas, non-reactive, very cold in liquid state Element Name: Sodium (Na) Number of protons: 11 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: silvery bright alkali metal, bonds with other elements, soft, malleable, floats Element Name: Magnesium (Mg) Number of protons: 12 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: light, silvery alkaline earth metal, always bonded to other elements, burns brightly

4 Element Name: Aluminum (Al) Number of valence electrons: 3 Number of protons: 13 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: silvery, white, metal, reflective, non-toxic, bonds with other elements, electrical conductor, light Element Name: Silicon (Si) Number of valence electrons: 4 Number of protons: 14 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: metallic looking, grayish crystal, non-metal, always bonded to other elements Element Name: Phosphorus (P) Number of valence electrons: 5 Number of protons: 15 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: non-metal, very reactive, always bonded with other elements, clear and almost transparent Element Name: Sulfur (S) Number of valence electrons: 6 Number of protons: 16 Atomic Mass: Properties: bright yellow non-metal, bad smell, often a crystal, non-reactive

5 Element Name: Chlorine (Cl) Number of valence electrons: 7 Number of protons: 17 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: greenish halogen gas, very reactive, found in many salts Element Name: Argon (Ar) Number of valence electrons: 8 Number of protons: 18 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: noble gas, inert, nonreactive, odorless, colorless Element Name: Potassium (K) Number of protons: 19 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: soft, silvery alkali metal, always bonded to other elements Element Name: Calcium (Ca) Number of protons: 20 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: hard, silver-colored alkali earth metal, usually bonded with other elements

6 Element Name: Scandium (Sc) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 21 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: silvery-white colored transition metal, always bonded to other elements Element Name: Titanium (Ti) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 22 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: brilliant white, strong transition metal, bonds with other elements, resistant to corrosion and oxidation, light Element Name: Vanadium (V) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 23 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: bright white transition metal, bonds with other elements Element Name: Chromium (Cr) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 24 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: grayish, shiny, lustrous transition metal, resistant to corrosion

7 Element Name: Manganese (Mn) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 25 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: grayish white, brittle, transition metal Element Name: Iron (Fe) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 26 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: grayish, shiny transition metal, oxidizes easily, often magnetic Element Name: Cobalt (Co) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 27 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: grey steel transition metal Element Name: Nickel (Ni) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 28 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: hard, silvery-white transition metal, shiny when polished

8 Element Name: Copper (Cu) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 29 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: reddish transition metal (turquoise color when oxidized), conducts electricity, malleable Element Name: Zinc (Zn) (unusual configuration-there are Number of protons: 30 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: shiny, bluish-white transition metal Element Name: Gallium (Ga) Number of valence electrons: 3 Number of protons: 31 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: silver, brittle metal, liquid at room temperature Element Name: Germanium (Ge) Number of valence electrons: 4 Number of protons: 32 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: grayish with traits of metal and a crystal, brittle

9 Element Name: Arsenic (As) Number of valence electrons: 5 Number of protons: 33 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: gray, semi-metallic (metalloid), toxic, phosphorus family Element Name: Selenium (Se) Number of valence electrons: 6 Number of protons: 34 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: reddish or metallic gray non-metal crystals, sulfur family, can convert light into energy (photovoltaic) Element Name: Bromine (Br) Number of valence electrons: 7 Number of protons: 35 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: reddish brown gas, bad odor, non-metallic, liquid at room temperature, halogen family, very reactive, always bonded with other elements Element Name: Krypton (Kr) Number of valence electrons: 8 Number of protons: 36 Atomic Mass: AMU Properties: inert gas (non-reactive), green and orange in gas form

10 Periodic Table What similarities are observed between elements in the same group? What is the organizational pattern for the elements in the same period? What other organizational patterns are observed?

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