STAAR Review Week Three

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1 Name: Period: STAAR Review Week Three 6.6 (B) calculate density to identify an unknown substance (S) 8.5 (D) recognize that chemical formulas are used to identify substances and determine the number of atoms of each element in chemical formulas containing subscripts (R) 8.5 (E) investigate how evidence of chemical reactions indicate that new substances with different properties are formed (R) 8.5 (F) recognize whether a chemical equation containing coefficients is balanced or not and how that relates to the law of conservation of mass (S) The chart below shows the densities of a variety of substances. Use the chart and your knowledge of science to answer any questions that follow. 1. A sample of a substance has a mass of grams (g) and a volume of 750 cubic centimeters (cm 3 ). W hat is this substance? a. Iron b. Mercury c. Led d. Uranium 2. If the left side of a chemical equation has 3 carbon atoms, 6 oxygen atoms, and 4 hydrogen atoms, then the right side of the chemical equation will have a. the same number of atoms of each element in order to follow the law of conservation of mass. b. double the number of atoms of each element in order to follow the law of conservation of mass. c. more atoms of each element in order to follow the law of conservation of mass. d. fewer atoms of each element in order to follow the law of conservation of mass. 3. Which of the following chemical equations follows the law of conservation of mass? a. 12HClO 4 + P 4O 10 4H 3PO 4 + 6Cl 2O 7 b. P 4O H 2O 2H 3PO 4 c. Ba 3N 2 2Ba + N 2 d. 2Al(OH) 3 + 2H 2SO 4 Al 2(SO 4) 3 + 6H 2O None of them follow the law of conservation of mass

2 4. Which of the following chemical equations follows the law of conservation of mass? a. C 5H O 2 5CO 2 + 6H 2O b. GaF 3 + 3C 5 3C 5F + Ga c. 2VCl 2 + H 2 2HCl + V d. 2K + Ca(NO 3) 2 K(NO 3) + Ca 5. Look at the following equation. Au 2O 3 Au + O 2 In order to follow the law of conservation of mass, this equation must have which set of coefficients, in order from left to right? a. 1, 1, 3 b. 2, 4, 3 c. 2, 1, 3 d. 1, 3, 1 6. Chemical equations must be balanced because a. mass can neither be created nor destroyed. b. the mass of the products is always greater than the mass of the reactants. c. the mass of the reactants is always greater than the mass of the products. d. mass is determined by a chemical reaction. 7. Look at the following chemical equation. SnO 2 + H 2 Sn + H 2O a. It is balanced because the number of reactants is equal to the number of products. b. It is balanced because the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products. c. It is unbalanced because the mass of the reactants is less than the mass of the products. d. It is unbalanced because the mass of the reactants is greater than the mass of the products. 8. Which equation demonstrates the law of conservation of mass? a. Mg + S MgS 2 b. b. 2H 2 + O 2 2H 2O c. C + O 2 C 2O d. H 2SO 4 + Zn 4ZnSO + H 2 None of them follow the law of conservation of mass 9. The diagram below shows the results of combining potassium iodide and lead (II) nitrate. What occurred in the diagram? a. A chemical change, because the volume of the final solution was larger than the initial solutions b. A chemical change, because a yellow substance formed when the two liquids combined c. A physical change, because the temperature changed with no outside source applied d. A physical change, because a solid formed when the two liquids combined

3 10. Destiny is looking around her house, classifying changes she notices as physical changes or chemical changes. W hich of the following is a chemical change? a. Destiny s father burns an English muffin. b. Destiny s mother chops celery and onion into small pieces. c. Destiny s sister melts butter in the microwave. d. Destiny mixes chocolate syrup into a glass of milk. The diagram below shows a five-part experiment that Mrs. Hammond showed her students. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow. 11. When is a chemical reaction NOT occurring? a. Between Part 1 and Part 2 b. During Part 3 c. Between Part 4 and Part 5 d. During Part Which of the following does NOT indicate that a chemical change occurred to the penny? a. A change in the luster of the penny b. A change in the size of the penny c. A change in the outer texture of the penny d. A change in the color of the penny 13. In a lab demonstration, Mr. Sharpe placed a piece of zinc (Zn) into a glass beaker containing hydrochloric acid (HCl). W hen the two substances were mixed, the zinc turned black and hydrogen gas was released. Mr. Sharpe then asked his students when kind of change took place and why. What would have been the correct answer? a. Chemical change, because the zinc melted b. Physical change, because the hydrochloric acid evaporated c. Physical change, because the zinc combined with the chlorine in the acid d. Chemical change, because at least one new substance was created 14. A food scientist placed a raw egg in a pan and cooked it. The white and yolk became a thick, solid mass. W hat evidence indicates that a chemical reaction occurred when the egg was cooked? a. W ater vapor was released as the egg was heated. b. Some of the raw egg was boiled and released as a gas. c. The cooked egg cannot return to its raw state. d. The egg changed from a liquid state to a solid state. 15. An iron chain on a fence was exposed to air and rain. W hat evidence indicates that a chemical reaction between the water, air and iron produced a new substance? a. The mass of the chain decreased as pieces broke off. b. The surface of the chain became wet. c. The surface of the chain began to turn red. d. The temperature of the chain dropped as water evaporated.

4 16. The diagram below shows an experiment that Mr. McElroy performed for his students. Which of the following does NOT indicate that a chemical reaction occurred? a. The final solution was black. b. The potassium chlorate changed to a liquid. c. Smoke was produced. d. A flame formed inside the test tube. 17. Mr. W urtz performed a demonstration for his science students in a well-ventilated room. He mixed together two samples of different white powdery substances in an open beaker. The dry mixture soon became wet, and the students could smell ammonia. The temperature of the beaker dropped dramatically, so much so that the liquid that formed in the beaker began to freeze. Mr. W urtz told the class that a chemical reaction had occurred inside the beaker. Which of the following is NOT evidence that a chemical reaction occurred? a. The powdery substances dissolved in the water. b. A gas with a strong smell was released from the mixture. c. The temperature of the mixture dropped dramatically. d. A liquid formed at the bottom of the beaker.

5 A balanced chemical equation is shown below. Use this equation to answer any questions that follow. Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to use the correct place value. 2H 2O + O 2 2H 2O How many atoms of oxygen (O) are represented on the left side of the arrow in the chemical reaction? 19. How many different elements are involved in this chemical reaction? 20. How many different compounds are involved in the reaction shown below? 2NaCl + H 2SO 4 2HCl + Na 2SO Boric acid has the following chemical formula: H 3BO 3 One molecule of boric acid contains - a. 1 hydrogen atom, 3 boron atoms, and 3 oxygen atoms b. 3 hydrogen atoms, 3 boron atoms, and 1 oxygen atom c. 3 hydrogen atoms, 1 boron atom, and 3 oxygen atoms. d. 1 hydrogen atom, 1 boron atom, and 3 oxygen atoms.

6 22. Glucose, the kind of sugar that plants produce by photosynthesis, has the following chemical formula: One molecule of glucose contains - C 6H 12O 6 a. 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms. b. 1 carbon atom, 1 hydrogen atom, and 1 oxygen atom. c. 1 carbon atom, 2 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom. d. 6 carbon atoms, 1 hydrogen atom, and 6 oxygen atoms. 23. Substances have chemical formulas. A chemical formula can NOT be used to a. identify a substance. b. identify specific isotopes in a substance. c. determine the number of individual atoms in a substance. d. determine the type of elements in a substance. The table below shows the densities of various substances. Use the table to answer any questions that follow. 24. If a sample of a pure substance has a volume of 5 cm 3 and a mass of 5 g, then the substance could be a. gold. b. iron. c. water. d. cork. 25. If a sample of a pure substance has a volume of 12.3 cm 3 and a mass of g, then the substance could be a. water. b. iron. c. gold. d. cork. 26. If a sample of a pure substance has a volume of 10 cm 3 and a mass of 193 g, then the substance could be a. iron. b. water. c. gold. d. cork.

7 The diagram below shows a table of liquids with their assigned densities and four different unknown liquids in graduated cylinders. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow. 27. What liquid is Unknown 1? a. Methanol b. Ethanol c. Glycerin d. Syrup 28. What liquid is Unknown 3? a. Glycerin b. Syrup c. Methanol d. Ethanol 29. What liquid is Unknown 4? a. Methanol b. Syrup c. Ethanol d. Glycerin

8 30. The diagram below shows an unknown substance, W, that is weighed on a scale and then placed into a graduated cylinder with water. Use this diagram and the table of densities to answer the question below. What is unknown substance W? a. Magnesium b. Aluminum c. Silver d. Cobalt 31. The diagram below shows an unknown substance, X, that is weighed on a scale and then placed into a graduated cylinder with water. Use this diagram and the table of densities to answer the question below. a. Magnesium b. Aluminum c. Cobalt d. Silver

9 32. A sample of a substance has a mass of 10,146 g and a volume of 890 cm 3. W hat is this substance? a. Air (dry) b. Lead c. Magnesium d. Gasoline 33. A sample of a substance has a mass of 3240 g and a volume of 360 cm 3. W hat is this substance? a. Gold b. Copper c. Iron d. Lead 34. A sample of a substance has a mass of 432 g and a volume of 32 cm 3. W hat is this substance? a. Mercury b. Copper c. Milk d. Bone 35. A sample of a substance has a mass of 67.2 g and a volume of 96 cm 3. W hat is this substance? a. Gasoline b. Osmium c. Bone d. Magnesium 36. A sample of a substance has a mass of 6000 g and a volume of 3000 cm 3. W hat is this substance? a. Bone b. Iron c. Gold d. Magnesium 37. A sample of a substance has a mass of g and a volume of 71 cm 3. W hat is this substance? a. Lead b. Platinum c. Iron d. Gold

10 38. A sample of a substance has a mass of 90 g and a volume of 4cm 3. W hat is this substance? a. Osmium b. Milk c. Mercury d. Gasoline The diagram below shows a table with the densities of four metals and four unknown metal cubes: Q, R, S, and T. Use the table and the dimensions of the cubes to answer any questions that follow. 39. If cube Q has a mass of g, then what is unknown metal Q? a. Gold b. Zinc c. Silver d. Aluminum 40. If cube S has a mass of g, then what is unknown metal S? a. Zinc b. Silver c. Aluminum d. Gold

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