Hydrogen-Bonding-Directed Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Dendrimer and Poly(4-vinylpyridine) and Micropore Formation by Post-Base Treatment
|
|
- Alan Marshall
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Hydrogen-Bonding-Directed Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Dendrimer and Poly(4-vinylpyridine) and Micropore Formation by Post-Base Treatment Hongyu Zhang, 1 Yu Fu, 1 Dong Wang, 1 Liyan Wang, 1 Zhiqiang Wang *2 and Xi Zhang *1 1 Key Lab for Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, , P. R. China 2 Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, , P. R. China [*] Prof. Dr. Xi Zhang Key Lab for Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, , P. R. China Fax: or xi@jlu.edu.cn 1
2 We reported a way to fabricate microporous films by post-base treatment of hydrogen-bonding-directed multilayer films of poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) and carboxyl-terminated poly-ether dendrimer (DEN-CH). The PVP/DEN-CH multilayer film was fabricated by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of PVP and DEN-CH from methanol solution. UV-vis spectroscopy revealed a uniform deposition process. The interaction between PVP and DEN-CH was identified as hydrogen bonding through Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the composition change of a PVP/DEN-CH multilayer film in a basic solution was detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis spectroscopy, and the morphology variation was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). A two-step variation was observed: the dissolution of DEN-CH from the multilayer into the basic solution, and the gradual reconformation of PVP polymer chains remaining on the substrate, which produced a micropourous film. Interestingly, compared with our previous PVP/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) system, under the same conditions, the release of DEN-CH from PVP/DEN-CH multilayer is slower than that of PAA, and the microporous morphology is also different, which indicates that the molecular structure of a building block has a remarkable influence on the variation of a hydrogen-bonding-directed film in a basic solution. 2
3 Introduction Self-assembly can offer rational design and construction of highly ordered mesoand nanoscale structures with defined physical properties and chemical functions. Various studies have been devoted to the realization of functionalized organic materials by artificial supramolecular self-assembly. 1 In the past decade, there has been a tremendous surge towards the characterization, modification, and processing of ultrathin films and multilayered structures constructed by self-assembly due to their potential applications including catalysis, microelectronics, nonlinear optics, sensors, and display technologies. 2,3 The other reason for the intense interest in this field is that multilayers can bridge the gap between monolayers and spun-on or dip-coated films. A simple technique for ultrathin multilayer film assembly is the alternate layer-by-layer (LbL) electrostatic deposition of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. 4,5 The fabrication of multicomposite films by the LbL procedure means literally the nanoscopic assembly of different materials in a single device using environmentally friendly, ultra-low-cost techniques. The materials can be small organic molecules 6 or inorganic compounds, 7 12 macromolecules, 13,14 biomacromolecules such as proteins, 15,16 DNA 17,18 or even colloids Although the ultrathin multilayers fabricated by LbL method commonly cannot achieve a satisfactory well-defined layer structure, because of the interfacial interpenetrating between neighboring layers, the versatile method still challenges the traditional LB technique, and opens new avenues to advanced materials with practical applications. Although electrostatic interaction has been most widely used to construct 3
4 multilayer films, 4-21 other weak interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, have also been employed as driving forces for the LbL assembly. For example, Rubner et al. 22 and Zhang et al. 23 reported simultaneously the formation of ultrathin films via H-bonding attraction by LbL assembly technique. ne of the advantages of the hydrogen-bonding-directed films is that the fabrication of the LbL film is allowed in an organic solvent. Later, hydrogen-bonding-directed electroactive, 24 photochromic, 25 and photoreactive 26 polyelectrolyte multilayers were successfully constructed. Granick and co-workers prepared erasable hydrogen-bonded multilayers containing weak polyacids, which could be assembled at low ph and subsequently dissolved at higher ph as a consequence of increasing the ionization degree of the weak polyacids. 27,28 Lian et al. prepared polymer and nanoparticle composite multilayer based on hydrogen bonding. 29 More noticeably, on the basis of the hydrogen-bonded erasable system, Rubner et al. combined the light-initiated chemical reaction with the dip-pen technique to fabricate a patterned surface. 30 Very recently, Caruso et al. reported on the preparation of multilayer films comprising alternate stacks of hydrogen-bonded PVP and PAA and electrostatically formed poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) layers via LbL assembly technique, and their high ph sensitivity toward deconstruction. 31 Microporous ultrathin films have received increasing attention recently due to their numerous applications, including low dielectric constant and low refractive index thin film coating, separation filters, biocompatible membranes for controlled release and encapsulation systems and anti-reflection coating. 3 For example, Rubner 4
5 et al. 32 and Caruso et al. 33 demonstrated that PAH/poly(acrylic acid) (PAH/PAA) films could form microporous structures upon exposure to solutions with different ph values or ionic strengths. In addition, Bruening and co-works reported that poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer/pah multilayers were also capable of forming such microporous films by simply exposing multilayers to acidic aqueous solutions. 34 bviously, with the proper choice of assembly conditions or treatment conditions covering a wide range of ph and/or ionic strength, it should be possible to induce microporosity in electrostatic assembly systems. In our previous study, Zhang et al. investigated the structure variation of a hydrogen-bonding-directed poly(4-vinylpyridine)/poly(acrylic acid) (PVP/PAA) LbL film in a basic aqueous solution. 35 In this case, a two-step variation was observed: the first step is the dissolution of PAA from the film into the basic solution; the second is the gradual reconformation of PVP polymer chains remaining on the substrate, which produces a microporous film. The novel and unique mechanism of microporous film construction is anticipated to have potential applications in materials science. The aim of the present article is attempting not only to confirm the formation mechanism of the microporous film as mentioned above, but also to find a new way to control the fabrication of the microporous film. Hence, we have employed the carboxyl-terminated poly-ether dendrimer (DEN-CH) as a hydrogen donor and constructed a multilayer film by alternating deposition of poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) and DEN-CH via hydrogen bonding in a cyclic fashion. We are wondering if a microporous film can be formed, when the multilayer film of PVP/DEN-CH is 5
6 immersed in a basic solution. We anticipate that a comparison study between PVP/DEN-CH and PVP/PAA will be helpful and constructive for the forthcoming discussion about the formation of microporous film. Experimental Section Materials. Poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI, M w = 50,000), and (4-aminobutyl)-dimethylmethoxysilane were obtained from Aldrich and used without further treatment. Carboxyl-terminated poly-ether dendrimer (DEN-CH), which has been used as a building block to fabricate a hydrogen-bonding-directed multilayer by self-deposition, 36 was synthesized according to the literature. 37 Poly(4-vinylpyridine) (M w = 180,000) was synthesized as previously described. 38 Film Preparation. The LbL film was assembled on a quartz slide or a calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) plate. The quartz slide was used for UV-vis, XPS, and AFM measurements, and the CaF 2 plate for FT-IR. The quartz slide and CaF 2 plate need to be modified before LbL deposition. The quartz surface was modified with (4-aminobutyl)-dimethylmethoxysilane, resulting in a -tailored surface, and the CaF 2 surface was modified with a precursor layer of poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI). The -terminated substrate was first immersed in a PVP methanol solution (1 mg/ml) for 10 min. In this way, the substrate was covered with a PVP layer, and thus a surface tailored with hydrogen bonding acceptors (pyridine groups) was formed. After rinsing with pure methanol and drying under a nitrogen stream, the resulting substrate was transferred into a DEN-CH methanol solution for 10 min, to add a DEN-CH 6
7 layer. By repetition of the above two steps in a cyclic fashion, the LbL multilayer film was fabricated. Figure 1 shows the schematic assembling process on a quartz slide. The resulting multilayer films can be expressed as (PVP/DEN-CH) n, where n is the number of deposition cycles. To investigate the influence of basic aqueous solution on the hydrogen-bonding-directed multilayer film, the resulting LbL film was immersed in NaH aqueous solution. After rinsing with water and drying by nitrogen, the samples were stored under ambient conditions prior to measurement. Methods. UV-vis spectra were obtained on a Shimadzu 3100 UV-vis-near-IR recording spectrometer. FT-IR spectra of PVP/DEN-CH multilayers were collected on a Bruker IFS 66V instrument equipped with a DTGS detector at 4 cm -1 resolution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra were obtained on an ESCALAB Mark II (VG company, UK) photoelectron spectrometer using a monochromatic Mg Kα X-ray source. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images were taken with a Dimension 3100 (Digital Instruments, Santa Barbara, CA) under ambient conditions. AFM was operated in the tapping mode with an optical readout using Si cantilevers. Results and discussion UV-vis spectroscopy has proved to be a useful and facile technique to evaluate the growth process of multilayers and was thus used in the present work to monitor the LbL assembly process of PVP/DEN-CH multilayer buildup. Figure 2 displays 7
8 the UV-vis absorption spectra of (PVP/DEN-CH) n multilayers (with n = 1-12) assembled on a -tailored quartz surface. As shown in Figure 2, the DEN-CH absorption is clearly identified by the characteristic peaks at 234 and 281 nm due to the π - π* transition of the benzene of DEN-CH, substantiating the incorporation of DEN-CH molecules into the multilayers. Unfortunately, due to the strong absorption of DEN-CH in UV region, the overlapping spectra of the DEN-CH and PVP does not allow assignment of a unique absorption band of the multilayer film solely to the PVP. The insert of Figure 2 shows the absorbance of quartz-supported (PVP/DEN-CH) n multilayer films at characteristic wavelength (234 nm) increases proportionally with the number of deposition cycles, n. This nearly linear growth of the absorption peaks indicates that an approximately equal amount of DEN-CH is deposited for each adsorption procedure and that the PVP/DEN-CH LbL films grow uniformly with each deposition cycle. However, the observed growth at 281 nm is non-linear in Figure 2, which could be accounted for the formation of DEN-CH aggregates within the multilayer. Similar phenomena was observed in the electrostatic LbL self-assembly of dye molecules. 39,40 In addition, it is found that there is almost no desorption of DEN-CH during the multilayer buildup. In order to understand the deposition process in more detail, we have studied the physical adsorption kinetics. Figure 3 shows how the optical absorbance varies with time during the process of adsorbing a single layer of DEN-CH onto a quartz substrate previously coated with a (PVP/DEN-CH) 2 PVP precursor film. It is shown that, under the conditions used, the deposition of a single DEN-CH layer 8
9 onto a PVP surface is more than 90 % complete within the first 5 min of immersion and it reaches a plateau of saturate adsorption after 10 min. We also examined the dependence of the concentration of DEN-CH and PVP solutions on the adsorption behavior. It is found that the amount of DEN-CH adsorbed per bilayer grows with increasing the concentration of DEN-CH from 0.08 (Figure 4b) to 0.16 mg/ml (Figure 4a). When increasing the concentration of PVP from 0.5 (Figure 4c) to 1.0 mg/ml (Figure 4b), the adsorbed amount of the DEN-CH is also increased accordingly when using a fixed concentration of DEN-CH solution (0.08 mg/ml). We found that the amount of DEN-CH adsorbed is strongly dependent on the concentration of the dipping solution, with higher concentrations resulting in a greater amount of adsorbed DEN-CH at equilibrium. The driving force for the construction of the PVP/DEN-CH multilayer film was identified by FT-IR spectroscopy. Hydrogen-bonding formation between pyridine and carboxylic acid leads to characteristic splitting patterns in the IR absorption of the carboxylic acid H group. 41,42 Figure 5 a and b show the FT-IR spectra of the cast films of PVP and DEN-CH on CaF 2 plates, respectively. For the cast film of PVP, the peaks appearing at 1596, 1556, and 1450 cm -1 can be ascribed to the ring vibration of pyridine groups of PVP. For the DEN-CH, the bands at 1693 and 1720 cm -1 can be separately assigned to the carbonyl vibrations of carboxylic acid groups in associated and free states. 43 The strong absorbance band appearing at 1161 cm -1 can be attributed to the vibration of Ar- bond. Figure 6 shows the FT-IR spectrum of an 9
10 8-bilayer PVP/DEN-CH film on a CaF 2 plate. In this figure, we can find clearly that a -H stretching vibration appears at 2470 and 1934 cm -1, indicating a strong hydrogen-bonding between the carboxylic acid of DEN-CH and pyridine groups of PVP. 41,42 Furthermore, in the region from 1660 to 1110 cm -1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the PVP/DEN-CH multilayer film, the absorption peaks could be assigned to the ring vibration of PVP or DEN-CH and the vibration of aryl- band of DEN-CH, and no position change of which was observed in comparison with pure PVP and pure DEN-CH. These results further provide the evidence that the multilayer film is assembled via the hydrogen bonding. To investigate the influence of a basic aqueous solution on the PVP/DEN-CH multilayer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to detect the composition variation of the LbL film in a NaH solution. Prior to immersion in a basic solution, there are two C 1s photopeaks at approximately and ev as shown in Figure 7a, the former weak peak is assigned to the carbon of carboxylic acid in DEN-CH. 44 Comparing the XPS spectra of (PVP/DEN-CH) 5 PVP LbL films before and after immersion in a ph = 12.5 NaH aqueous solution for 2 min, we can find that the distinct photopeak at ev corresponding to the carbon of carboxylic acid in DEN-CH disappears in the spectrum of the film after the base treatment as shown in Figure 7b. This change suggests that DEN-CH is removed from the multilayer film by the basic solution. Moreover, XPS also displays that the C 1s photopeak at ev could be weaken after one-minute immersion in the basic solution, which indicates that DEN-CH partially releases from multilayer film for 10
11 a short immersion time. However, under the same condition used (ph = 12.5, 25 C), PAA can release thoroughly from multilayer films of PVP/PAA during immersion for 1 min in basic solutions. 35 As for N 1s, no obvious difference between the films before and after immersion was observed, which implies that the PVP still remains on the substrate. From the above discussions, we demonstrate that when the PVP/DEN-CH LbL film is immersed in a basic aqueous solution, one of the film components, DEN-CH, dissolves away and the other component, PVP, remains on the substrate. In order to study the release kinetics of dendrimers from the PVP/DEN-CH multilayer film, we measured the change of film absorbance at 234 nm as a function of ph of the basic solution and immersion time. Figure 8 shows the intensity change of the DEN-CH absorption with the immersion time in basic solutions with different ph values. It indicates that in the basic solutions PVP/DEN-CH multilayer films are not stable and prone to deconstruction, and the deconstruction process of the multilayer film depends sensitively on ph of basic solutions. From Figure 8, it can be seen, with increasing ph of the basic solutions from 11.0 to 13.0, the release rate of DEN-CH increases greatly. For the (PVP/DEN-CH) 5 PVP multilayer films immersed in the basic solution of ph =11.0 for 180 min, no DEN-CH release from the multilayer was observed. While at ph =13.0, at the very beginning of immersion, e.g. 1 min, approximately 80 % DEN-CH was released, and an equilibrium plateau was reached after 25-minute base treatment. The above analysis indicates that, when the LbL film is dipped into a basic aqueous solution, 11
12 DEN-CH can be removed from the film, and its releasing rate can be controlled by changing the ph of the base solutions. The above results indicate clearly that DEN-CH is removed, and PVP remains on the substrates. After the immersion of the multilayer film into the basic aqueous solution, the carboxylic acid groups of DEN-CH are ionized by the basic solution, which leads to the destruction of hydrogen bonding between PVP and DEN-CH. After the hydrogen bonds are destroyed, DEN-CH leaves the film because of its solubility in the basic solution, while PVP remains due to its poor solubility in the basic solution. ne question is why DEN-CH can release from PVP/DEN-CH multilayer even slower than PAA from PVP/PAA multilayer? Two possible factors, the solubility and molecular shape, could be responsible for the difference in the release rate. The first may be their solubility difference in a basic solution. Although, both DEN-CH and PAA are soluble in the basic solution, the solubility of DEN-CH should be less than that of PAA because of the existence of benzene rings in the DEN-CH, which must lower its release rate from the multilayer. The second possible reason is the molecular shape. Because of the branching structure, DEN-CH would be anchored in the PVP matrix, and is harder to escape out of the multilayer. However, in the case of PAA, the polymer chain is linear, and should be easier to be drawn from the film. Therefore, the result that PAA release faster than DEN-CH is reasonable. The morphology variation of the PVP/DEN-CH multilayer film in the basic aqueous solution was explored using AFM. The AFM image of the 12
13 (PVP/DEN-CH) 6 PVP multilayer film prior to immersion in a basic solution is shown in Figure 9. As can be seen from this figure, the LbL self-assembly film containing PVP and DEN-CH on a quartz plate exhibits a high coverage with granular structures with the size from 150 to 300 nm. The AFM images of (PVP/DEN-CH) 14 multilayer film after immersion in ph = 12.5 NaH aqueous solutions at 25 C for different periods of time are shown in Figure 10. After 10-minute immersion in basic solutions, the surface of multilayer film is rougher than that before immersion in basic solution, and no porous structure is observed (Figure 10A). While in the PVP/PAA system, 35 nanosized pores emerge already after 10-minute immersion. When immersing the (PVP/DEN-CH) 14 multilayer film in the basic solution for 30 min, the pores with about 200 nm in diameter and 16 nm in depth appear. During the immersion time from 30 to 180 min, the diameter and depth of the pores increase averagely from 200 to 380 nm and from 16 to 36 nm, respectively. It is noted that the morphology of the film is different from the microporous film resulting from PVP/PAA multilayer 35 after base treatment under the same treatment conditions (ph = 12.5, 25 C). In contrast to the separate pores in PVP/PAA system, for the same immersion time (180 min), the distribution and shape of pores obtained in the present case is more uniform (Figure 10D). Moreover, the surface pore coverage is significantly higher than that obtained in PVP/PAA system. 35 The above analysis indicates that a time-controlled microporousity of multilayer film can be obtained by immersion of the PVP/DEN-CH film in a basic solution. It is known that ph and ionic strength during or after the film construction can 13
14 not only anneal surface roughness but also lead to more dramatic structural rearrangements, such as porosity in the multilayer structure. In this case, after DEN-CH is removed rapidly by the basic solution, at the beginning the remaining PVP should retain that extended state. However, with prolonged immersion time the extended PVP chains gradually rearrange due to their high surface tension in the basic solution. As a result, in the lateral direction the film coverage decreases and in the vertical direction the thickness increases, which results in the above-mentioned morphology variation. Therefore, we propose that the morphology variation is a result of the reconformation of PVP induced by the basic solution, after the escape of DEN-CH. Conclusions In this article, firstly we presented the fabrication and detailed characterization of the PVP/DEN-CH layer-by-layer film based on hydrogen bonding. Afterwards, the variety behavior of such multilayer in a basic solution was investigated, which indicated that a microporous film was formed by the rapid release of DEN-CH and slowed re-organization of remaining PVP on the substrate. Moreover, we compared the varieties of the PVP/DEN-CH and PVP/PAA mutilayers in basis solutions. An interesting finding is that the release rate of DEN-CH from PVP/DEN-CH multilayer is lower than that of PAA from PVP/PAA multialyer in a basic solution, and the resulting microporous morphologies are remarkably different as well. We presume that the phenomena could be accounted for the difference in the solubility 14
15 and molecular shape of DEN-CH and PAA. We can conclude from the above discussions that incorporating different building blocks as hydrogen-bonding donor into multilayer assembly is an effective way to adjust the release process and microporosity by immersion of layer-by-layer films into basic solutions. ur studies on microporous films resulting from hydrogen-bonding-directed multilayer, combined with other insights into hydrogen-bonded ultrathin films or porous thin films, may pave the way for further theoretical researches and potential applications in the future. Acknowledgment. This work is supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program (G ), the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( ), and a key project of the Educational Ministry. The authors thank Mr. Fengwei Huo for helpful discussions during the experiments. References (1) Lehn, J. M. Supramolecular Chemistry Concepts and Perpectives; VCH: Weinheim, (2) Ulman, A. An Introduction to Ultrathin rganic Films: From Langmuir-Blodgett to Self-assembly; Academic Press: Boston, (3) Decher, G.; Schlenoff, J. B. Multilayer thin films Sequential Assembly of Nanocomposite Materials; VCH: Weinheim, (4) Decher, G.; Hong, J. D., Schmitt, J. Thin Solid Films 1992, 210/211, 831. (5) Decher, G. Science 1997, 277, (6) Zhang, X.; Gao, M. L.; Kong, X. X.; Sun, Y. P.; Shen, J. C. Chem. Commun. 1994, 15
16 1055. (7) Kleinfeld, E. R.; Ferguson, G. S. Science 1994, 265, 370. (8) Fang, M.; Kim C. H.; Saupe, G. B.; Kim, H. N.; Waraksa, C. C.; Miwa, T.; Fujishima, A.; Mallouk, T. E. Chem. Mater. 1999, 11, (9) Lvov, Y.; Ariga, K.; Ichinose, I.; Kunitake, T. Langmuir 1996, 12, (10) strander, J. W.; Mamedov, A. A.; Kotov, N. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, (11) Liu, S. Q.; Kurth, D. G.; Bredenkötter, B.; Volkmer, D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, (12) Lin, C.; Kagan, C. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 336. (13) Laschewsky, A.; Mayer, B.; Wischerhoff, E.; Arys, X.; Joans, A. Thin Solid Films 1996, 284/285, 334. (14) He, J. A.; Valluzzi, R.; Yang, K.; Dolukhan, T.; Sun, C. M.; Kumar, J.; Tripathy, S. K.; Samuelson, L.; Balogh, L.; Tomalia, D. A. Chem. Mater. 1999, 11, (15) Kong, W.; Zhang, X.; Gao, M. L.; Zhou, H.; Li, W.; Shen, J. C. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1994, 15, 405. (16) Lvov, Y.; Lu, Z.; Schenkman, J. B.; Zu, X.; Rusling, J. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, (17) Serizawa, T.; Yamaguchi, M.; Akashi, M. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2003, 42, (18) Taton, T. A.; Mucic, R. C.; Mirkin, C. A.; Letsinger, R. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, (19) Gao, M. Y.; Gao, M. L.; Zhang, X.; Yang, Y.; Yang, B.; Shen, J. C. Chem. 16
17 Commun. 1994, (20) Schmitt, J.; Decher, G. Adv. Mater. 1997, 9, 61. (21) Chen, Z. H.; Yang, Y. A.; Qiu, J. B.; Yao, J. N. Langmuir 2000, 16, 722. (22) Stockton, W. B.; Rubner, M. F. Macromolecules 1997, 30, (23) Wang, L. Y.; Wang, Z. Q.; Zhang, X.; Shen, J. C.; Chi, L. F.; Fuchs, H. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1997, 18, 509. (24) Wang, L. Y.; Fu, Y.; Wang, Z. Q.; Wang, Y.; Sun, C. Q.; Fan, Y. G.; Zhang, X. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 1999, 200, (25) Fu, Y.; Chen, H.; Qiu, D. L.; Wang, Z. Q.; Zhang, X. Langmuir 2002, 18, (26) Cao, T. B.; Cao, W. X. Chem. Lett. 2001, 800. (27) Sukhishvili, S. A.; Granick, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, (28) Sukhishvili, S. A.; Granick, S. Macromolecules 2002, 35, 301. (29) Hao, E. C.; Lian, T. Q. Chem. Mater. 2000, 12, (30) Yang, S. Y.; Rubner, M. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, (31) Cho, J.; Caruso, F. Macromolecules 2003, 36, (32) Mendelsohn, J. D.; Barrett, C. J.; Chan, V. V.; Pal, A. J.; Mayes, A. M.; Rubner, M. F. Langmuir 2000, 16, (33) Fery, A.; Schöler, B.; Cassagneau, T.; Caruso, F. Langmuir 2001, 17, (34) Kim, B. Y.; Bruening, M. L. Langmuir 2003, 19, 94. (35) Fu, Y.; Bai, S. L.; Cui, S. X.; Qiu, D. L.; Wang, Z. Q.; Zhang, X. Macromolecules 2002, 35, (36) Huo, F. W.; Xu, H. P.; Zhang, L.; Fu, Y.; Wang, Z. Q.; Zhang, X. Chem. Commun. 17
18 2003, 874. (37) Hawker, C. J.; Wooley, K. L.; Fréchet, J. M. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin. Trans. 1993, 1, (38) Wang, L. Y.; Fu, Y.; Wang, Z. Q.; Fan, Y. G.; Zhang, X. Langmuir 1999, 15, (39) Ariga, K.; Lvov, Y.; Kunitake, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, (40) Rousseau, E.; Auweraer, M. V.; Schryver, F. C. Langmuir 2000, 16, (41) Katim, T.; Kihara, H.; Uryu, T.; Fujishims, A.; Fréchet, J. M. J. Macromolecules 1992, 25, (42) Kumar, U.; Kato, T.; Fréchet, J. M. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, (43) Dong, J.; zaki, Y. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 286. (44) Beamson, G.; Briggs, D. The XPS of Polymers Database. Surface Spectra, Manchester. (45) Sukhorukov, G. B.; Schmitt, J.; Decher, G. Ber. Buunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 948. (46) McAloney, R. A.; Sinyor, M.; Dudnik, V.; Goh, M. C. Langmuir 2001, 17, (47) Dubas, S. T.; Schlenoff, J. B. Langmuir 2001, 17,
19 Figure captions Figure 1 Schematics of the layer-by-layer assembly of PVP and DEN-CH on a quartz substrate based on hydrogen bonding: (I) adsorption of PVP and (II) adsorption of DEN-CH. Figure 2 UV-vis spectra of (PVP/DEN-CH) n multilayer films with n = 0~12 on -modified quartz substrates. The lowest curve corresponds to the baseline. (n = 0) The other curves, from bottom to top, correspond to n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, respectively. Insert: absorbance at 234 nm vs the number of deposition cycles. Figure 3 UV absorbance at 234 nm recorded as a function of immersion time for deposition of a single monolayer of DEN-CH on a quartz substrate coated with (PVP/DEN-CH) 3 PVP precursor film. Figure 4 Influence of concentration on the UV absorption (at 234 nm) against the number of deposition cycles. (a, [PVP] = 1 mg/ml, [DEN] = 0.16 mg/ml; b, [PVP] = 1 mg/ml, [DEN] = 0.08 mg/ml; c, [PVP] = 0.5 mg/ml, [DEN] = 0.08 mg/ml) Figure 5 FT-IR spectra of cast films of (a) pure PVP and (b) pure DEN-CH on CaF 2 plates. Figure 6 FT-IR spectrum of a (PVP/DEN-CH) n (n = 8) multilayer film on a PEI-modified CaF 2 plate. The insert shows a magnification of the FT-IR spectrum in the range from 1300 to 1900 cm
20 Figure 7 C 1s XPS spectra of (PVP/DEN-CH) 5.5 multilayer films before (a) and after (b) immersion in ph = 12.5 NaH aqueous solution at 25 C for 2 min. Figure 8 The decrease of absorbance at 234 nm of (PVP/DEN-CH) 5 PVP multilayer films vs. the immersion time in the NaH aqueous solutions with different ph values. Figure 9 AFM height image ( µm 2 ) of a (PVP/DEN-CH) 6 PVP multilayer film. Figure 10 AFM height images ( µm 2 ) of (PVP/DEN-CH) 14 multilayer films on a quartz substrate after immersion in a ph = 12.5 NaH aqueous solution at 25 C for 10 (A), 30 (B), 60 (C), and 180 min (D). 20
21 PVP Ⅰ N N NH N 2 N N N N N N N N DEN-CH Ⅱ N N NH N 2 N N H H H H H H N H H H N H H H N H H H H H H N H H H H N H H H H N H H H H H H Ⅰ Ⅱ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H DEN-CH CH 2 CH N n PVP Hydrogen bonding donor Hydrogen bonding acceptor Figure 1 21
22 Absorbance Absorbance at 234 nm Number of bilayers Wavelength/nm Figure 2 22
23 Absorbance Immersion time/min Figure 3 23
24 at 234 nm a Absorbance b c Number of bilayers Figure 4 24
25 Absorbance (a. u.) a b Wavenumber/cm -1 Figure 5 25
26 0.07 Absorbance Wavenumbers/cm * 1934 * Wavenumber/cm -1 Figure 6 26
27 Intensity (a. u.) a b DEN-CH * Binding Energy (ev) Figure 7 27
28 Figure 8 28
29 Figure 9 29
30 A B C D Figure 10 30
Supporting Information Supramolecular Polymerization at Interface: Layer-by-layer Assembly Driven by Host-enhanced π-π Interaction
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supporting Information Supramolecular Polymerization at Interface: Layer-by-layer Assembly Driven
More informationLAYER BY LAYER (LbL) SELF-ASSEMBLY STRATEGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
LAYER BY LAYER (LbL) SELF-ASSEMBLY STRATEGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS A. Z. Cheng 1, R. Swaminathan 2 1 Nanotechnology Engineering, University of Waterloo, azcheng@uwaterloo.ca; 2 Nanotechnology Engineering,
More informationSelf-assembly of multilayer films containing gold nanoparticles via hydrogen bonding
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 319 (2008) 398 405 www.elsevier.com/locate/jcis Self-assembly of multilayer films containing gold nanoparticles via hydrogen bonding Yan Jiang, Yi Shen, Peiyi Wu
More informationSupporting Information. for. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Z Wiley-VCH 2003
Supporting Information for Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Z52074 Wiley-VCH 2003 69451 Weinheim, Germany Kinetic and Thermodynamic Control via Chemical Bond Rearrangement on Si(001) Surface Chiho Hamai, Akihiko
More informationPlease do not adjust margins. Flower stamen-like porous boron carbon nitride nanoscrolls for water cleaning
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry Please do 2017 not adjust margins Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) Flower stamen-like porous
More informationThe study of adsorption behaviour of a laser dye incorporated into ultra thin films
Abstract: The study of adsorption behaviour of a laser dye incorporated into ultra thin films S. A. Hussain Department of Physics, Tripura University; India Email: sah.phy@gmail.com This work reports the
More informationAmphiphilic diselenide-containing supramolecular polymers
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Polymer Chemistry. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Amphiphilic diselenide-containing supramolecular polymers Xinxin Tan, Liulin Yang, Zehuan
More informationMOLECULAR SELF-ASSEMBLY OF CHICAGO SKY BLUE ONTO SOLID SUBSTRATE
International Journal of Modern Physics B Vol. 25, No. 14 (2011) 1905 1914 c World Scientific Publishing Company DI: 10.1142/S0217979211100229 MLECULAR SELF-ASSEMBLY F CHICAG SKY BLUE NT SLID SUBSTRATE
More information-organic Thin Film From an Aqueous Solution
Fabrication and Characterization of -organic Thin Film From an Aqueous Solution Fabrication and Characterization of TiO 2 -organic Thin Film From an Aqueous Solution W.N. Mu 1 and S.Z. Shi 2 1 2 School
More informationSupplementary Information for
Supplementary Information for Facile transformation of low cost thiourea into nitrogen-rich graphitic carbon nitride nanocatalyst with high visible light photocatalytic performance Fan Dong *a, Yanjuan
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting Information 1. Synthesis of perovskite materials CH 3 NH 3 I
More informationSupporting Information s for
Supporting Information s for # Self-assembling of DNA-templated Au Nanoparticles into Nanowires and their enhanced SERS and Catalytic Applications Subrata Kundu* and M. Jayachandran Electrochemical Materials
More informationFormation of Interpolymer Complexes on Polypropylene Textiles via Layer-by-Layer Modification as Revealed by FTIR Method
Short Communication Formation of Interpolymer Complexes on Polypropylene Textiles via Layer-by-Layer Modification as Revealed by FTIR Method Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology,
More informationNANOCOMPOSITE THIN FILMS:
NANOCOMPOSITE THIN FILMS: Assembly, Characterizations, & Applications Chaoyang Jiang Department of Chemistry The University of South Dakota St. Louis, June 26, 2008 Forest Products &Nanocomposite P. Monteiro@UC
More informationSupporting Information for. A Fluorescence Ratiometric Sensor for Trace Vapor Detection of. Hydrogen Peroxide
Supporting Information for A Fluorescence Ratiometric Sensor for Trace Vapor Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide Miao Xu 1,, Ji-Min Han 1,, Chen Wang 1, Xiaomei Yang 1, Jian Pei 2 and Ling Zang 1, * 1 Department
More informationFacile Assembly Enhanced Spontaneous Fluorescence Response of Ag + Ion Containing Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Films
Supporting Information Facile Assembly Enhanced Spontaneous Fluorescence Response of Ag + Ion Containing Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Films Xiayun Huang and Nicole S. Zacharia*,, Department of Mechanical
More informationAcid-Base Equilibria of Weak Polyelectrolytes in Multilayer Thin Films
Langmuir 2003, 19, 3297-3303 3297 Acid-Base Equilibria of Weak Polyelectrolytes in Multilayer Thin Films Susan E. Burke and Christopher J. Barrett* Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke
More informationAdsorption of Methylene Blue on Mesoporous SBA 15 in Ethanol water Solution with Different Proportions
2015 2 nd International Conference on Material Engineering and Application (ICMEA 2015) ISBN: 978-1-60595-323-6 Adsorption of Methylene Blue on Mesoporous SBA 15 in Ethanol water Solution with Different
More informationph-depending Enhancement of Electron Transfer by {001} Facet-Dominating TiO 2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution under Visible Irradiation
S1 ph-depending Enhancement of Electron Transfer by {001} Facet-Dominating TiO 2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution under Visible Irradiation Masato M. Maitani a *, Zhan Conghong a,b, Dai Mochizuki
More informationSelf-Assembly of Coated Colloidal Particles for Optical Applications
Self-Assembly of Coated Colloidal Particles for Optical Applications Introduction Nearly two decades ago, theoretical predictions indicated the possibility of creating omnidirectional photonic-band-gap
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. Molecular Antenna Tailored Organic Thin-film Transistor for. Sensing Application
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Materials Horizons. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Electronic Supplementary Information Molecular Antenna Tailored Organic Thin-film Transistor
More informationA Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Janus Inverse-Opal
Supporting information A Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Janus Inverse-Opal Actuator via Gradient Infiltration Dajie Zhang #, Jie Liu //#, Bo Chen *, Yong Zhao, Jingxia Wang * //, Tomiki Ikeda, Lei Jiang //. CAS
More informationGrowth of silver nanocrystals on graphene by simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and silver ions with a rapid and efficient one-step approach
Growth of silver nanocrystals on graphene by simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and silver ions with a rapid and efficient one-step approach Xiu-Zhi Tang, a Zongwei Cao, b Hao-Bin Zhang, a Jing Liu
More informationStabilizing interfacial micellar aggregates by enhanced supramolecular interaction or surface polymerization*
Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 78, No. 5, pp. 1015 1023, 2006. doi:10.1351/pac200678051015 2006 IUPAC Stabilizing interfacial micellar aggregates by enhanced supramolecular interaction or surface polymerization*
More informationPlease do not adjust margins. Fig. S1 Schematic representation of fabrication of polymer network entwined GO thin-film composite membrane.
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry Please do 2016 not adjust margins Received 00th January 20xx, Accepted 00th
More informationSupplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supplementary Information Supramolecular interactions via hydrogen bonding contributing to
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supporting Information Metal-organic framework (ZIF-67) as efficient cocatalyst
More informationSupporting information
Supporting information Polymer-Single-Crystal@Nanoparticle Nanosandwich for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Bin Dong, Wenda Wang, David L. Miller, Christopher Y. Li* Department of Material Science
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supporting Information Experimental section Synthesis of Ni-Co Prussian
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Biomaterials Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supporting Information Biomimetic Honeycomb-patterned Surface as the Tunable Cell Adhesion
More informationThin film techniques: the layer-by-layer self assembly technique
Thin film techniques: the layer-by-layer self assembly technique Carmelina Ruggiero University of Genoa Overview Thin films Thin film techniques Langmuir-Blodgett technique Chemical self-assembling Layer-by-Layer
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information A Low-Temperature Solid-Phase Method to Synthesize Highly Fluorescent Carbon Nitride Dots with Tunable Emission Juan Zhou, Yong Yang, and Chun-yang Zhang* Single-Molecule Detection
More informationULTRATHIN ORGANIC FILMS
An Introduction to ULTRATHIN ORGANIC FILMS From Langmuir-Blodgett to Self-Assembly Abraham Ulman Corporate Research Laboratories Eastman Kodak Company Rochester, New York Academic Press San Diego New York
More informationSUPPORTING INFORMATION. Direct Observation on Reaction Intermediates and the Role of. Cu Surfaces
SUPPORTING INFORMATION Direct Observation on Reaction Intermediates and the Role of Bicarbonate Anions in CO 2 Electrochemical Reduction Reaction on Cu Surfaces Shangqian Zhu, Bei Jiang, Wen-Bin Cai, Minhua
More informationPLASMA-POLYMER MODIFICATION OF BASAL PLANE GRAPHITE SURFACES FOR IMPROVED BIOCOMPATIBILITY
PLASMA-POLYMER MODIFICATION OF BASAL PLANE GRAPHITE SURFACES FOR IMPROVED BIOCOMPATIBILITY Anca Orăşanu, Marcus R. Davidson, Robert H. Bradley Advanced Materials & Biomaterials Research Centre, School
More informationPlease do not adjust margins. Graphene oxide based moisture-responsive biomimetic film actuators with nacrelike layered structures
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry Please do 2017 not adjust margins Journal Name ARTICLE Supporting information
More informationABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION
Design and fabrication of self-assembled thin films Daniela M. Topasna and Gregory A. Topasna Department of Physics and Astronomy Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA USA 24450 ABSTRACT Students
More informationUrchin-like Ni-P microstructures: A facile synthesis, properties. and application in the fast removal of heavy-metal ions
SUPPORTING INFORMATION Urchin-like Ni-P microstructures: A facile synthesis, properties and application in the fast removal of heavy-metal ions Yonghong Ni *a, Kai Mi a, Chao Cheng a, Jun Xia a, Xiang
More informationHighly doped and exposed Cu(I)-N active sites within graphene towards. efficient oxygen reduction for zinc-air battery
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science.
More informationInternational Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences and Technology
Int. J. Pure Appl. Sci. Technol., 9(1) (2012), pp. 1-8 International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences and Technology ISSN 2229-6107 Available online at www.ijopaasat.in Research Paper Preparation,
More informationTHE STUDY OF ION SORPTION PERFORMANCES OF STOICHIOMETRIC AND NON-STOICHIOMETRIC POLYELECTROLYTE COMPLEXES.
THE STUDY OF ION SORPTION PERFORMANCES OF STOICHIOMETRIC AND NON-STOICHIOMETRIC POLYELECTROLYTE COMPLEXES. Pha-sita Plengplung a and Stephan T. Dubas *,a,b a The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn
More informationHierarchically Structured Nanoporous Poly(Ionic Liquid) Membranes: Facile Preparation and Application in Fiber-optic ph Sensing
Supporting Information Hierarchically Structured Nanoporous Poly(Ionic Liquid) Membranes: Facile Preparation and Application in Fiber-optic ph Sensing Qiang Zhao, a Mingjie Yin, b A. Ping Zhang, b Simon
More informationScanned Chemical Enhancement of Surface-Enhanced Raman. Scattering Using a Charge-Transfer Complex
Supporting Information Scanned Chemical Enhancement of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Using a Charge-Transfer Complex Wei Ji, a Xiangxin Xue, a Weidong Ruan, a Chunxu Wang, a Nan Ji, a Lei Chen, a Zhishi
More informationAll-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
Supporting Information for: All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells Jia Liang, Caixing Wang, Yanrong Wang, Zhaoran Xu, Zhipeng Lu, Yue Ma, Hongfei Zhu, Yi Hu, Chengcan Xiao, Xu Yi, Guoyin Zhu, Hongling Lv,
More informationSupplementary Material for. Zinc Oxide-Black Phosphorus Composites for Ultrasensitive Nitrogen
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale Horizons. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supplementary Material for Zinc Oxide-Black Phosphorus Composites for Ultrasensitive
More informationCu 2 graphene oxide composite for removal of contaminants from water and supercapacitor
Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for Cu 2 O@reduced graphene oxide composite for removal of contaminants from water and supercapacitor Baojun Li, a Huaqiang Cao,* a Gui Yin, b Yuexiang Lu, a
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information A strategy toward constructing bifunctionalized MF catalyst: post-synthesized modification of MFs on organic ligands and coordinatively unsaturated metal sites Baiyan Li, Yiming
More informationLayer-by-Layer (LBL) Self-Assembly
Layer-by-Layer (LBL) Self-Assembly 1 Layer-by-Layer (LBL) Self-Assembly No! Layers! Onions have layers! Ogres have Layers! Onions have Layers. You get it? We both have layers. Sherk 2001 Oh, you both have
More informationLocalized and Propagating Surface Plasmon Co-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Based on Evanescent Field Excitation
Supplementary Information Localized and Propagating Surface Plasmon Co-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Based on Evanescent Field Excitation Yu Liu, Shuping Xu, Haibo Li, Xiaoguang Jian, Weiqing Xu* State Key
More informationStar-like supramolecular polymers fabricated by a Keplerate cluster. with cationic terminated polymers and their self-assembly into.
Star-like supramolecular polymers fabricated by a Keplerate cluster with cationic terminated polymers and their self-assembly into vesicles Qian Zhang, Lipeng He, Hui Wang, Cheng Zhang, Weisheng Liu and
More informationSwitching shape of hollow layer-by-layer hydrogel microcontainers
Electronic Supplementary Information Switching shape of hollow layer-by-layer hydrogel microcontainers Veronika Kozlovskaya, William Higgins, Jun Chen and Eugenia Kharlampieva* University of Alabama at
More informationHigh-Performance Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on 3D. Electrodes
Supporting Information for: High-Performance Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on 3D Porous Graphene/MnO 2 Nanorod and Graphene/Ag Hybrid Thin-Film Electrodes Yuanlong Shao, a Hongzhi Wang,* a
More informationA highly reactive chalcogenide precursor for the synthesis of metal chalcogenide quantum dots
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic supplementary information A highly reactive chalcogenide precursor for the synthesis
More informationDefense Technical Information Center Compilation Part Notice
UNCLASSIFIED Defense Technical Information Center Compilation Part Notice ADP012179 TITLE: Salt-Induced Block Copolymer Micelles as Nanoreactors for the Formation of CdS Nanoparticles DISTRIBUTION: Approved
More informationControlling Interfacial Contact and Exposed Facets for. Enhancing Photocatalysis via 2D-2D Heterostructure
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic Supplementary Information Controlling Interfacial Contact and Exposed
More informationSupplementary Material
Supplementary Material Title: Optical Characterization of Non-Covalent Interaction between Non-Conjugated Polymers and Chemically Converted Graphene Author: Yufei Wang A, Xueliang Hou A, Chi Cheng A, Ling
More informationFormation of complex films with water-soluble CTAB molecules
Formation of complex films with water-soluble CTAB molecules S. Biswas a, b, S. A. Hussain a, S. Deb a, R. K. Nath b, D. Bhattacharjee a Department of Physics a and Department of chemistry b, Tripura University,
More informationElectrochemiluminescence detection of near single DNA molecule with quantum dots-dendrimer nanocomposite for signal amplification
Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for Chemical Communications This journal is (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Electrochemiluminescence detection of near single DNA molecule with quantum
More informationSupplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supplementary Information Engineering the Intermediate Band States in Amorphous
More informationEffects of methanol on crystallization of water in the deeply super cooled region
Effects of methanol on crystallization of water in the deeply super cooled region Ryutaro Souda Nanoscale Materials Center National Institute for Materials Science Japan PHYSICAL REVIEW B 75, 184116, 2007
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information The Design of Hierarchical Ternary Hybrid for Fiber-Shaped Asymmetric Supercapacitor with High Volumetric Energy Density Xunliang Cheng, Jing Zhang, Jing Ren, Ning Liu, Peining Chen,
More informationSupporting Information
Copyright WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany, 2018. Supporting Information for Small, DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801523 Ultrasensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection Based
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. Direct synthesis of H 2 O 2 catalyzed by Pd nanoparticles encapsulated in multi-layered
Electronic Supplementary Information Direct synthesis of H 2 O 2 catalyzed by Pd nanoparticles encapsulated in multi-layered polyelectrolyte nanoreactors on a charged sphere Young-Min Chung,* a Yong-Tak
More informationSupporting Information:
Supporting Information: Columnar Self-assembly of Cu 2 S Hexagonal Nanoplates Induced by Tin (IV)-X Complex Inorganic Surface Ligand Xiaomin Li, Huaibin Shen, Jinzhong Niu, Sen Li, Yongguang Zhang, Hongzhe
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Information Facile synthesis of halogenated carbon quantum dots as an important intermediate for surface modification Jin Zhou, Pei Lin, Juanjuan Ma, Xiaoyue Shan, Hui Feng, Congcong
More informationA Novel Electroless Method for the Deposition of Single-Crystalline Platinum Nanoparticle Films On
Supplementary Information A Novel Electroless Method for the Deposition of Single-Crystalline Platinum Nanoparticle Films On an Organic Solid Matrix in the Presence of Gold Single Crystals Khaleda Banu,,,*
More informationENHANCED THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF EPOXY BASED COMPOSITES WITH SELF-ASSEMBLED GRAPHENE-PA HYBRIDS
ENHANCED THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF EPOXY BASED COMPOSITES WITH SELF-ASSEMBLED GRAPHENE-PA HYBRIDS Di. Wu 1, Gang. Li 2 *, XiaoPing. Yang 1 (1 State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites; Beijing
More informationNew Journal of Chemistry Electronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for New Journal of Chemistry. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2018 New Journal of Chemistry Electronic
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. Enhanced Photocatalytic/photoelectrocatalytic Activities
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for CrystEngComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Electronic Supplementary Information Electrospun BiVO 4 Nanobelts with Tailored Structures
More informationContent. * *
Supporting information for Colloidal Synthesis of Lettuce-like Copper Sulfide for Light-Gating Heterogeneous Nanochannels Huan Wang,, Qian Liu,, Wenhua Li, *, Liping Wen, Dong Zheng, Zhishan Bo *, and
More information6. Plasmon coupling between a flat gold interface and gold nanoparticles.
6. Plasmon coupling between a flat gold interface and gold nanoparticles. 6.1. Introduction In this outlook oriented chapter the applicability of the multilayered system used in chapter 4.1., for the study
More informationSwelling Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid/Polyallylamine Hydrochloride Multilayer Films
Biomacromolecules 2005, 6, 1419-1428 1419 Swelling Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid/Polyallylamine Hydrochloride Multilayer Films Susan E. Burke*, and Christopher J. Barrett* Department of Chemistry, McGill
More informationState Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing , China
Electronic Supplementary Material A Co-N/C hollow-sphere electrocatalyst derived from a metanilic CoAl layered double hydroxide for the oxygen reduction reaction, and its active sites in various ph media
More informationMetal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as precursors towards TiO x /C. composites for photodegradation of organic dye
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supplementary Information Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as precursors towards TiO x /C composites
More informationElectrically pulsatile responsive drug delivery platform for treatment of Alzheimer s disease
Electronic Supplementary Material Electrically pulsatile responsive drug delivery platform for treatment of Alzheimer s disease Li Wu 1,2, Jiasi Wang 1,2, Nan Gao 1, Jinsong Ren 1, Andong Zhao 1,2, and
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. inverted organic solar cells, towards mass production
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Electronic Supplementary Information Polyelectrolyte interlayers with a
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information High Performance Electrocatalyst: Pt-Cu Hollow Nanocrystals Xiaofei Yu, a Dingsheng, a Qing Peng a and Yadong Li* a a Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084
More informationSupplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supplementary Information A honeycomb-like porous carbon derived from pomelo peel for use in high-performance
More informationThree Dimensional Nano-assemblies of Noble Metal. Nanoparticles-Infinite Coordination Polymers as a Specific
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Electronic Supplementary Information Three Dimensional Nano-assemblies of Noble Metal Nanoparticles-Infinite
More informationGeneral Synthesis of Graphene-Supported. Bicomponent Metal Monoxides as Alternative High- Performance Li-Ion Anodes to Binary Spinel Oxides
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) General Synthesis of Graphene-Supported
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Precisely Controllable Core-Shell Ag@Carbon Dots Nanoparticles: Application to in Situ Super-Sensitive Monitoring of Catalytic Reactions Jing Jin, Shoujun Zhu, Yubin Song, Hongyue
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Bamboo-Like Carbon Nanotube/Fe 3 C Nanoparticle Hybrids and Their Highly Efficient Catalysis for Oxygen Reduction Wenxiu Yang a,b, Xiangjian Liu a,b, Xiaoyu Yue a,b, Jianbo Jia,
More informationShell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy Jian Feng Li, Yi Fan Huang, Yong Ding, Zhi Lin Yang, Song Bo Li, Xiao Shun Zhou, Feng Ru Fan, Wei Zhang, Zhi You Zhou, De Yin Wu, Bin Ren, Zhong
More informationSupporting Information
Copyright WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany, 2014. Supporting Information for Adv. Mater., DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403635 Water-Triggered Luminescent Nano-bombs Based on Supra-(Carbon
More informationNovel Tri-Block Copolymer of Poly (acrylic acid)-b-poly (2,2,3,3,4,4,4- hexafluorobutyl acrylate)-b-poly (acrylic acid) Prepared via Two-Step
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Polymer Chemistry. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry Please do 2016 not adjust margins Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for Novel Tri-Block
More informationDirect measurement of giant electrocaloric effect in BaTiO 3 multilayer thick film structure beyond theoretical prediction
Direct measurement of giant electrocaloric effect in BaTiO 3 multilayer thick film structure beyond theoretical prediction Yang Bai 1,2, Guangping Zheng 1 and Sanqiang Shi 1 1 Department of Mechanical
More informationFacile Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of CeO 2 with Tunable Morphologies from Thermal Transformation of Cerium Benzendicarboxylate Complexes
Electronic Supplementary Information Facile Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of CeO 2 with Tunable Morphologies from Thermal Transformation of Cerium Benzendicarboxylate Complexes Yuhua Zheng, Kai Liu,
More informationCu 2 O/g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites: An insight into the band structure tuning and catalytic efficiencies
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 216 Cu 2 O/g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites: An insight into the band structure tuning and catalytic efficiencies
More informationLayer by Layer (LbL) Technique for fabrication of electrostatic Self assembled ultrathin films
International Journal of Pure and Applied Physics ISSN 0973-1776 Volume 4 Number 1 (2008) pp. 39 44 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com/ijpap.htm Layer by Layer (LbL) Technique for
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Surfactant-Free Assembly of Mesoporous Carbon Hollow Spheres with Large Tunable Pore Sizes Hongwei Zhang, Owen Noonan, Xiaodan Huang, Yannan Yang, Chun Xu, Liang Zhou, and Chengzhong
More informationA project report on SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLE-GRAPHENE COMPOSITE. Submitted by Arun Kumar Yelshetty Roll no 410 CY 5066
A project report on SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLE-GRAPHENE COMPOSITE Submitted by Arun Kumar Yelshetty Roll no 410 CY 5066 Under the guidance of Prof. (Ms). Sasmita Mohapatra Department
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Dalton Transactions. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Electronic Supplementary Information Design of Two Isoreticular Cd-Biphenyltetracarboxylate
More informationSupplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 2
Supplementary Figure 1 XRD pattern of pure 3D PGC framework. The pure 3D PGC was obtained by immersing NaCl Na 2 S@GC in water to remove the NaCl and Na 2 S. The broad reflection peak in the range of 15
More informationDown-conversion monochrome light-emitting diodeswith the color determined
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry C. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic supplementary information (ESI) for Down-conversion monochrome
More informationAnti-icing surfaces based on enhanced self-propelled jumping of condensed water microdroplets
Anti-icing surfaces based on enhanced self-propelled jumping of condensed water microdroplets Qiaolan Zhang, a,b Min He, a Jing Chen, a,b Jianjun Wang,* a Yanlin Song* a and Lei Jiang a a Beijing National
More informationLow-temperature-processed inorganic perovskite solar cells via solvent engineering with enhanced mass transport
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 1 Low-temperature-processed inorganic perovskite solar cells via solvent engineering
More informationI. NANOFABRICATION O AND CHARACTERIZATION Chap. 2 : Self-Assembly
I. Nanofabrication and Characterization : TOC I. NANOFABRICATION O AND CHARACTERIZATION Chap. 1 : Nanolithography Chap. 2 : Self-Assembly Chap. 3 : Scanning Probe Microscopy Nanoscale fabrication requirements
More informationCarbon Quantum Dots/NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide. Composite as High Efficient Electrocatalyst for Water
Supplementary Information Carbon Quantum Dots/NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide Composite as High Efficient Electrocatalyst for Water Oxidation Di Tang, Juan Liu, Xuanyu Wu, Ruihua Liu, Xiao Han, Yuzhi Han,
More informationMolecular Dynamics Simulations of Mutilayer Films of Polyelectrolytes and Nanoparticles
Langmuir 2006, 22, 4629-4637 4629 Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Mutilayer Films of Polyelectrolytes and Nanoparticles Junhwan Jeon,, Venkateswarlu Panchagnula,, Jessica Pan, and Andrey V. Dobrynin*,,#
More informationGRAPHENE EFFECT ON EFFICIENCY OF TiO 2 -BASED DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS (DSSC)
Communications in Physics, Vol. 26, No. 1 (2016), pp. 43-49 DOI:10.15625/0868-3166/26/1/7961 GRAPHENE EFFECT ON EFFICIENCY OF TiO 2 -BASED DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS (DSSC) NGUYEN THAI HA, PHAM DUY LONG,
More information