Stoichiometry study of the relationships in a
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1 Note Taking Guide: Episode 801 Name Stoichiometry study of the relationships in a based on equations 2 Mg + O 2 2 MgO The in a give the for the involved in the. Ex. Problem: When elemental aluminum reacts with elemental iodine, aluminum iodide is produced. mole ratios: Al: I 2 Al: AlI 3 I 2 : AlI 3 If you start with 4 moles of Al, how many moles of AlI 3 will be produced? 8.1
2 Problem Set One How many moles of water will be produced when grams of hydrogen gas react with the oxygen in the air? (Hint: To make the switch between different substances in a reaction, use the ratio from the equation.) 8.2
3 Problem Set Two The Chemistry Quiz CR1. CR
4 Lab: Episode 801 Datasheet Name Can You Find the Mole Ratio? In this experiment, baking soda (NaHCO 3 ) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water. You will determine the moles of reactant used and moles of product produced using both the lab data and stoichiometry and compare the two. Data Table: mass of test tube and baking soda mass of empty test tube mass of baking soda mass of test tube and sodium chloride mass of empty test tube mass of sodium chloride Conclusion Questions: 1. Calculate the number of moles of baking soda used in the lab. 2. Calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride produced in the lab. 3. What is the experimental mole ratio of baking soda (NaHCO 3 ) to sodium chloride (NaCl)? 4. Write a balanced equation for the reaction that took place in the experiment. 5. According to the balanced equation, what is the theoretical mole ratio of baking soda to sodium chloride? 6. Was the experimental mole ratio exactly the same as the theoretical mole ratio? If not, give some possible reasons. 8.4
5 Problem Set One: Episode 801 N 2 H 4 + N 2 O 4 N 2 + H 2 O BE SURE TO BALANCE THE EQUATION FIRST!!? moles N 2 O 4 = 2.72 moles N 2 H 4? moles N 2 = 2.72 moles N 2 H 4 8.5
6 Worksheet: Mole/Mole Problems Name Answer each of the following questions using the equation provided. BE SURE TO BALANCE EACH EQUATION BEFORE SOLVING ANY PROBLEMS. SHOW ALL WORK. 1. NO + O 2 NO 2 a. 2 moles of NO will react with mole(s) of O 2 to produce mole(s) of NO 2. b.? moles NO 2 = 3.6 moles O 2! moles NO 2 moles O 2 = c. How many moles of NO must react to form 4.67 moles of NO 2? 2. NH 3 + O 2 N 2 + H 2 O a. 20 moles of NH 3 are needed to produce moles of H 2 O. b. How many moles of N 2 will be produced if 3.5 moles of O 2 react? 8.6
7 3. AlF 3 + O 2 Al 2 O 3 + F 2 a. 20 moles of AlF 3 will produce moles of F 2. b. moles of AlF 3 will react with 0.6 moles of O C 3 H 8 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O a. How many moles of oxygen react with 11 moles of C 3 H 8? b. How many moles of CO 2 are produced if 3.5 moles of water are produced? 5. O 2 + Fe Fe 2 O 3 a. Fill in the following word equation-- moles of oxygen gas react with moles of iron to produce moles of iron (III) oxide. b. moles of O 2 are required to produce 3.0 moles of iron (III) oxide. 8.7
8 Worksheet: Mole/Mass Problems Name Answer each of the following questions using the equation provided. BE SURE TO BALANCE EACH EQUATION BEFORE SOLVING ANY PROBLEMS. SHOW ALL WORK. 1. In a reaction between the elements aluminum and chlorine, aluminum chloride is produced. Al + Cl 2 AlCl 3 a. 2 moles of Al will react with mole(s) of Cl 2 to produce mole(s) of AlCl 3. b. How many grams of AlCl 3 will be produced if 2.50 moles of Al react? c. How many moles of Cl 2 must react to produce 12.3 g of AlCl 3? d. How many grams of aluminum will react with 3.4 moles of chlorine? e. If 17 grams of aluminum react, how many moles of aluminum chloride will be produced? 8.9
9 2. The ammonia (NH 3 ) used to make fertilizers for lawns and gardens is made by reacting nitrogen and hydrogen according to the following reaction. N 2 + H 2 NH 3 a. Determine the mass in grams of NH 3 formed from 1.34 moles of nitrogen. b. What is the mass in grams of hydrogen required to react with 1.34 moles of nitrogen? c. How many moles of nitrogen are required to produce 11.7 moles of NH 3? d. How many moles of nitrogen are required to produce 11.7 grams of NH 3? e. How many grams of hydrogen are required to form 3.5 moles of NH 3? 8.10
10 Practice: Mole/Mole and Mole/Mass Problems Name The first step in the industrial manufacture of nitric acid involves the catalytic oxidation of ammonia according to the following BALANCED equation. 4NH 3 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 4NO (g) + 6H 2 O (g) How many moles of NO are formed if 824 g of NH 3 react? How many grams of water are formed if 2.5 moles of ammonia are oxidized? How many moles of oxygen are needed to react with 4.6 moles of ammonia? 8.11
11 Mercury (II) oxide decomposes into mercury and oxygen gas according to the following UNBALANCED equation. HgO Hg + O 2 How many moles of mercury (II) oxide are needed to produce 125 g of oxygen? How many moles of mercury are produced if 24.5 moles of mercury (II) oxide decompose? How many grams of oxygen will be produced if 2.3 moles of mercury are produced? 8.12
12 Worksheet: Mixed Problems Mole/Mole and Mole/Mass Name Answer each of the following questions using the equation provided. BE SURE TO BALANCE EACH EQUATION BEFORE SOLVING ANY PROBLEMS. SHOW ALL WORK. 1. Cu + O 2 CuO a. If 101 grams of copper is used, how many moles of copper (II) oxide will be formed? b. If 5.25 moles of copper are used, how many moles of oxygen must also be used? c. If 78.2 grams of oxygen react with copper, how many moles of copper (II) oxide will be produced? 2. C 4 H 10 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O a. How many moles of butane, C 4 H 10, are needed to react with 5.5 moles of oxygen? b. How many grams of carbon dioxide will be produced if 3.5 moles of O 2 react? 8.13
13 3. Mg + HCl MgCl 2 + H 2 a. What mass of HCl is consumed by the reaction of 2.50 moles of magnesium? b. What mass of MgCl 2 is produced if 3.67 moles of HCl react? c. How many moles of hydrogen gas are produced when 3.0 moles of magnesium react? 4. NH 3 + O 2 N 2 + H 2 O a. How many moles of oxygen react with 0.23 moles of NH 3? b. How many grams of water will be produced if 0.55 moles of oxygen react? c. How many moles of nitrogen gas will be produced if 12.6 grams of ammonia react? 8.14
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