Questions Q1. Describe, in detail, how you would carry out this experiment. (6) ...

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1 Questions Q1. * An experiment was carried out to compare the rates of reaction between calcium carbonate and two different concentrations of hydrochloric acid. Describe, in detail, how you would carry out this experiment.

2 Q2. * Use the diagrams of the structures of diamond and graphite to help you explain why graphite conducts electricity but diamond does not conduct electricity.

3 Q3. * The diagrams show the arrangements of carbon atoms in diamond and in graphite. Compare a use of diamond with a use of graphite, explaining each use in terms of the bonding and structure. In your answer you should use information from the diagrams.

4 Q4. Explain the difference in the ability of solid sodium chloride and molten sodium chloride to conduct electricity in terms of their structures.

5 Q5. * Magnesium has an electronic configuration of Oxygen has an electronic configuration of 2.6. Explain, in terms of their electronic configurations, how magnesium and oxygen atoms react to form the ionic compound magnesium oxide, MgO, and include a description of the structure of solid magnesium oxide.

6 Q6. * Reactions can occur when particles collide. Rates of reactions can be altered by changing conditions. Explain how the rate of reaction between a solid and a liquid is altered by changing the size of the pieces of solid and by changing the temperature of the liquid.

7 Q7. * Sodium and potassium react with cold water to give similar products. The electronic configuration of sodium is The electronic configuration of potassium is Explain the similarities and differences in the way sodium and potassium react with cold water by considering their reactions and their electronic configurations.

8 Q8. The diagrams show the structures of two forms of carbon, diamond and graphite. * Use the diagrams of the structures of diamond and graphite to help you explain why graphite conducts electricity but diamond does not conduct electricity.

9 Q9. Boron exists as two isotopes. These are boron-10, 10 5B, and boron-11, 11 5B. * A sample of boron contains 20% boron-10 and 80% boron-11. In part (a) you were given the structure of a boron-10 atom. Describe the structure of a boron-11 atom and explain why, in this sample, boron has a relative atomic mass of 10.8.

10 Q10. * An experiment was carried out to compare the rates of reaction between calcium carbonate and two different concentrations of hydrochloric acid. Describe, in detail, how you would carry out this experiment.

11 Q11. * Chlorine, bromine and iodine are in group 7 of the periodic table. The order of reactivity of these three elements can be shown by carrying out displacement experiments. You are provided with potassium bromide solution potassium chloride solution potassium iodide solution bromine solution chlorine solution iodine solution Describe how these solutions could be used to carry out experiments to show the order of reactivity of bromine, chlorine and iodine, explaining how the results would show the order of reactivity. You may use equations if you wish.

12 Q12. * Reactions can occur when particles collide. Rates of reactions can be altered by changing conditions. Explain how the rate of reaction between a solid and a liquid is altered by changing the size of the pieces of solid and by changing the temperature of the liquid.

13 Q13. * Magnesium has an electronic configuration of Oxygen has an electronic configuration of 2.6. Explain, in terms of their electronic configurations, how magnesium and oxygen atoms react to form the ionic compound magnesium oxide, MgO, and include a description of the structure of solid magnesium oxide.

14 Q14. The table gives the names and formulae of three salts. * Choose one of the three salts from the table. Describe, using suitable tests, how you would confirm the identity of each of the two ions in the salt you have chosen. Name of salt Description of your tests

15 Q15. * Explain the difference in the ability of solid sodium chloride and molten sodium chloride to conduct electricity in terms of their structures.

16 Q16. * A sample of boron contains 20% boron-10 and 80% boron-11. In part (a) you were given the structure of a boron-10 atom. Describe the structure of a boron-11 atom and explain why, in this sample, boron has a relative atomic mass of 10.8.

17 Q17. * Choose one of the three salts from the table. Describe, using suitable tests, how you would confirm the identity of each of the two ions in the salt you have chosen. Name of salt... Description of your tests...

18 Q18. * The student carried out two experiments. The same mass of zinc and the same sized pieces of zinc were used in each experiment. The results are shown in the table. Evaluate these results, explaining the reasons why the rate of reaction in experiment 2 is faster than the rate of reaction in experiment 1. In your answer you should refer to the frequency and energy of collisions between particles.

19 Q19. * Hydrogen chloride and sodium chloride are both compounds of chlorine. Hydrogen chloride has a boiling point of 85 C. Sodium chloride has a boiling point of 1413 C. Explain this difference in the boiling points in terms of the structures and bonding between the particles in the two compounds.

20 Q20. *The student carried out two experiments. The same mass of zinc and the same sized pieces of zinc were used in each experiment. The results are shown in the table. Evaluate these results, explaining the reasons why the rate of reaction in experiment 2 is faster than the rate of reaction in experiment 1. In your answer you should refer to the frequency and energy of collisions between particles.

21 Q21. Lithium, sodium and potassium all react with cold water. * Sodium and potassium react with cold water to give similar products. The electronic configuration of sodium is The electronic configuration of potassium is Explain the similarities and differences in the way sodium and potassium react with cold water by considering their reactions and their electronic configurations.

22 Q22. * Hydrogen chloride and sodium chloride are both compounds of chlorine. Hydrogen chloride has a boiling point of 85 C. Sodium chloride has a boiling point of 1413 C. Explain this difference in the boiling points in terms of the structures and bonding between the particles in the two compounds.