Honors Chemistry - 1st Semester Final Practice Exam

Transcription

1 Honors Chemistry - 1st Semester Final Practice Exam Mr. Matthew Totaro MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which statement about the scientific method is TRUE? A) The scientific method emphasizes observation and experimentation as the way to understand the world. B) The scientific method emphasizes observation and reason as the way to understand the world. C) The scientific method emphasizes reason as the way to understand the world. D) The scientific method emphasizes scientific laws as the way to understand the world. E) All of the above statements are false. 2) You are heating a piece of glass and now want to pick it up. You should A) use tongs. B) pick up the end that looks cooler. C) pour cold waler on it. D) use a rag or paper towels. 3) Use the graph to answer the following question. How many players on the team have a batting average between ? A) 7 B) 1 C) 5 D) 9 4) The number expressed correctly using scientific notation is. A) 6.8 B) C) D) E)

2 5) The correct decimal representation of x 10 3 is: A) B) 6.5 x 10 3 C) 6,453 D) ) Which of the following numbers is the largest? A) B) C) D) E) ) Perform the following operation: (1.25 x 102) + (4.25 x 103) = A) 5.50 x 10-1 B) x 103 C) 5.50 x 10-1 D) 5.50 x 105 8) Perform the following operation: (1.02 x 105) x (2.00 x 102) = A) 2.04 x 107 B) 2.04 x 1010 C) 2.04 x 103 D) 3.02 x 107 9) How many inches are in 25.8 cm ( 1 inch = 2.54 cm)? A) 28.3 B) C) 10.2 D) ) How many milliliters are in 17.5 L? A) 175 B) 1.75 x 10-2 C) 1.75 x 10 3 D) 1.75 x ) How many microliters are in 41.0 ml? A) B) 4.1 x 10 3 C) 4.10 x 10 4 D) 4.1 x

3 12) Given the density of Au is 19.3 g/cm 3, determine the mass of gold in an ingot with the dimensions of 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm x 3.00 cm. A) B) 2.32 x 10 3 C) 3.80 x 10 4 D) ) Suppose a boat engine leaks 938 milliliters of oil into a lake. The mass of this spilled oil is 823 grams. The oil will not mix with the lake water. Which statement is true? A) The oil will float because its density of g/ml is less than the density of water. B) The oil will sink because its density of g/ml is greater than the density of water. C) The oil will float because its density of 1.14 g/ml is less than the density of water. D) The oil will sink because its density of 1.14 g/ml is greater than the density of water. 14) The correct prefix for the multiplier 1,000is: A) nano. B) kilo C) mega. D) micro. 15) The correct multiplier for the prefix pico is: A) B) C) D) ) In the number , which digit is estimated? A) 1 B) 4 C) 8 D) 9 E) None of the above, all digits are certain. 17) The correct number of significant figures in the number 865,000 is: A) 5 B) 6 C) 4 D) 3 18) The correct number of significant figures in the number 7.9 x 10-4is: A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 3

4 19) The correct number of significant figures in the number is: A) 4 B) 7 C) 3 D) 5 20) Determine the answer for the equation below with correct number of significant figures: 1.2 x 1.79 = A) 2.15 B) 2.2 C) D) ) Determine the answer to the following equation with correct number of significant figures: ( ) x = A) 19.6 B) 20 C) D) ) How many significant digits should be reported in the answer to the following calculation? ( ) x 12.3 = A) 3 B) 1 C) 2 D) 4 23) The SI unit of temperature is. A) F B) t C) K D) C E) T 24) Which of the following statements about matter is FALSE? A) Matter exists in either a solid, liquid or gas state. B) Matter occupies space and has mass. C) Matter is ultimately composed of atoms. D) Matter can be divided an infinite number of times. 25) Which state of matter has atomic spacing that is close together and definite shape? A) plasma B) solid C) liquid D) gas 4

5 26) Which state of matter has atomic spacing that is far apart and definite shape? A) solid B) plasma C) gas D) liquid 27) Molten (liquid) iron metal has a(n) volume and a(n) shape. A) indefinite; definite B) definite; definite C) definite; indefinite D) indefinite; indefinite E) insufficient information given to determine 28) A pure substance is: A) composed of two or more different types of atoms or molecules combined in variable proportions. B) composed of two or more different types of atoms or molecules that has constant composition. C) composed of only one type of atom or molecule. D) composed of two or more regions with different compositions. 29) Which of the following items is a mixture? A) helium B) brass C) water D) sugar 30) How would you classify salt water? A) pure substance-element B) pure substance-compound C) mixture-heterogeneous D) mixture-homogeneous 31) A solution is an example of a (an) A) heterogeneous mixture B) compound C) pure substance D) element E) homogeneous mixture 32) Physical properties are: A) those that a substance displays only through changing its composition. B) identical for all solid matter. C) those that cause atoms and molecules to change. D) those that a substance displays without changing its composition. 5

6 33) Which of the following statements about physical and chemical changes is FALSE? A) In a physical change, matter does not change its composition. B) Phase changes are always physical changes. C) Chemical reactions are chemical changes. D) In a chemical change, matter changes its composition. E) All of the above statements are true. 34) What is the value of 335 K on the Celsius temperature scale? A) 66.4 B) 167 C) 62 D) ) What is the value of 98 F in units of C? A) 37 B) 22 C) 371 D) 72 36) In the winter, the outdoor temperature is -12 F. What is the temperature in the Kelvin scale? A) 249 K B) 284 K C) 262 K D) 273 K E) 178 K 37) What is the atomic symbol for silver? A) Ag B) S C) Si D) Au 38) What is the atomic symbol for tin? A) Ti B) Tn C) Sn D) Si 39) What is the correct chemical symbol for mercury? A) My B) Hm C) Hy D) Me 40) Which of the following is NOT a correct name, symbol combination? A) magnesium, Mg B) iron, I C) beryllium, Be D) manganese, Mn E) silicon, Si 6

7 41) Which of the following is NOT a correct name, symbol combination? A) silicon, Si B) phosphorus, P C) beryllium, Be D) manganese, Mg E) iron, Fe 42) Which of the following is NOT a correct name, symbol combination? A) potassium, P B) gold, Au C) calcium, Ca D) manganese, Mn E) chromium, Cr 43) The names of the elements whose symbols are Si, P, Mn, and S are respectively, A) silicon, phosphorus, magnesium, and sulfur. B) silver, phosphorus, magnesium, and sulfur. C) silicon, potassium, magnesium, and sulfur. D) silicon, phosphorus, manganese, and sulfur. E) silicon, potassium, magnesium, and sodium. 44) Which statement below accurately describes the contributions of Dalton? A) discovered the existence of electrons B) ancient Greek philosopher who proposed that matter was continuous C) proposed the modern Atomic Theory D) created the modern periodic table 45) Which of the statements about the discovery of electrons is FALSE? A) The negatively charged electron is located outside the nucleus. B) Because atoms are neutral, the existence of a negatively charged particle implied there must be a positively charged component of an atom. C) Rutherford proved the plum-pudding model correct. D) Thomson proposed that electrons were small particles held within a positively charged sphere. E) All of the above statements are true. 46) The Rutherford gold foil experiment demonstrated that atoms A) are homogeneous. B) consist of an almost empty nucleus surrounded by a dense cloud of electrons. C) are visible to the naked eye. D) consist of a dense nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space. E) consist of a single type of subatomic particle. 47) Which of the following pairs of subatomic particles have charges of equal magnitude but opposite in sign? A) proton and positron B) gamma ray and neutron C) proton and electron D) neutron and proton E) electron and neutron 7

8 48) In an atom, the nucleus contains. A) all the protons and electrons B) only protons C) only neutrons D) all the protons and neutrons E) an equal number of protons and electrons 49) The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of. A) electrons plus protons B) protons C) neutrons D) nuclei E) neutrons plus protons 50) The number of neutrons in an atom is equal to the. A) atomic number B) mass number - the atomic number C) mass number D) mass number + the atomic number E) number of protons 51) The mass number of an atom can be calculated from the. A) number of electrons B) number of protons C) number of protons plus neutrons D) number of electrons plus protons E) number of neutrons 52) The atomic number of fluorine is. A) 19 B) 28 C) 29 D) 10 E) 9 53) The atomic mass of lithium is. A) 6.94 B) 3.00 C) 7.41 D) 7.00 E) ) The correct symbol for the isotope of potassium with 22 neutrons is. A) K B) P C) K D) P E) K 55) The correct symbol for a uranium atom with a mass number of 235 is. A) U B) U C) U D) U E) Ur 56) Which of the following is NOT true for the atoms 13N, 14N, and 15N? A) They all have 7 protons. B) They are isotopes. C) They all have the same atomic number. D) They all have the same mass number. E) They all have 7 electrons. 8

9 57) How many electrons are in Br-? A) 7 B) 4 C) 36 D) 34 58) Which of the statements about light is FALSE? A) Light travels much faster than sound. B) A characteristic feature of light that determines its color is its wavelength. C) Light travels through space at a speed of m/s. D) A packet of light energy is called a photon. E) All of the above statements are true. 59) The number of cycles of a wave that passes a stationary point in one second is called its A) wavelength B) crest C) frequency D) trough 60) Which color of the visible spectrum has the longest wavelength (750 nm)? A) yellow B) violet C) orange D) red E) green 61) What is the correct order of the electromagnetic spectrum from shortest wavelength to longest? A) Visible Light Infrared Radiation Microwaves Radio Waves Gamma Rays X-rays Ultraviolet Radiation B) Gamma Rays X-rays Infrared Radiation Visible Light Ultraviolet Radiation Microwaves Radio Waves C) Gamma Rays X-rays Ultraviolet Radiation Visible Light Infrared Radiation Microwaves Radio Waves D) Gamma Rays X-rays Visible Light Ultraviolet Radiation Infrared Radiation Microwaves Radio Waves E) Radio Waves X-rays Ultraviolet Radiation Visible Light Infrared Radiation Microwaves Gamma Rays 62) What is the frequency (Hz) of electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength of 0.53 m? A) B) C) D) E) ) The energy of a photon that has a frequency of Hz is J. A) B) C) D) E) ) What happens to an atom when it absorbs energy? A) The atom re-emits the energy as heat. B) The atom re-emits the energy as light. C) The atom stores the energy for later use. D) The extra energy increases the speed of the electrons in their orbitals. 9

10 65) The atomic orbital depicted below would be found in a sublevel. A) 6p B) 4f C) 2s D) 3p E) 5d 66) What is the maximum number of electrons that the f subshell can hold? A) 14 B) 10 C) 5 D) 6 67) The electron configuration of Ga is. A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 4d 10 4p 1 B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1 C) 1s 2 2s 2 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1 D) [Ar]4s 2 3d 11 E) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4d 1 68) What is the electron configuration for potassium (atomic number 19)? A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5 3d 2 B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 7 C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5 4s 1 D) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 8 3s 2 3p 5 E) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 1 69) What element has the electron configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2? A) Be B) Mg C) Ca D) Na E) Si 70) Which of the following electron configurations is incorrect as written? A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 4 D) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 E) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 10

11 71) Which electron configuration represents a violation of the Pauli exclusion principle? A) B) C) D) E) 72) Which of the following denotes an orbital diagram for a boron atom? A) B) C) D) E) 11

12 73) Which one of the following elements occupies position period 5 and group IIA in the periodic table? A) Y B) Kr C) Ga D) B E) Sr 74) Which of the following element-classification pairings is incorrect? A) Po - halogen B) Th - inner transition metal C) Ar - noble gas D) K - representative element E) Mo - transition element 75) Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched? Element Type of Element A) antimony metal B) nitrogen nonmetal C) arsenic metalloid D) silicon metalloid E) gold metal 76) Which element would be expected to have chemical and physical properties closest to those of fluorine? A) S B) Fe C) O D) Ne E) Cl 77) The abbreviated electron configuration for a boron atom (Atomic number = 5) is. A) 1s2 2s2 2p1 B) 1s2 2s2 2p6 C) [H]2s2 2p1 D) [He]2s2 2p1 E) [Ne]2s2 2p1 78) Group IA elements are called: A) halogens B) alkaline earth metals C) noble gases D) alkali metals 79) The elements in groups IA, VIIA and VIIIA are called, respectively: A) alkali metals, halogens, noble gases B) alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens C) alkali metals, chalcogens, halogens D) alkaline earth metals, halogens, chalcogens 80) The number of known nonmetals is the number of known metals. A) about 1/4 that of B) about double C) about four times greater than D) very small compared to 81) Which of the following element-classification pairings is incorrect? A) Mo - transition element B) K - representative element C) Ar - noble gas D) Po - halogen 82) Calcium is a block element. A) d B) s C) f D) g E) p 12

13 83) Sulfur is a block element. A) g B) f C) d D) s E) p 84) One element that has 5 valence electrons is. A) carbon B) lithium C) neon D) nitrogen E) sulfur 85) One element that has 7 valence electrons is. A) sodium B) bromine C) nitrogen D) oxygen E) phosphorus 86) How many core electrons are in a chlorine atom? A) 17 B) 1 C) 7 D) 10 87) The elements in group IIA of the periodic table all have electron configurations ending in. A) p4 B) d4 C) f4 D) p2 E) s2 88) Chlorine and bromine have very similar chemical properties. This is best explained by the fact that both elements A) have the same number of valence electrons. B) are in period 3 of the Periodic Table. C) are gases. D) have equal number of protons and electrons. 89) What is the element in which at least one electron is in the d-orbital? A) K B) Sc C) Ca D) Ar 90) The Group 8A(18) elements A) are liquids at room temperature. B) are good conductors of electricity. C) melt at high temperatures. D) are unreactive. E) react vigorously with water. 91) What is the symbol of the element in Period 4 and Group 2? A) Be B) C C) Ca D) Si E) Mg 92) Which of the following atoms is the largest? A) Na B) Li C) Rb D) K E) Cs 93) Which of the following elements has the highest ionization energy? A) Ca B) Ne C) Cl D) Ba E) Al 13

14 94) Which of the following atoms has the least metallic character? A) Na B) Li C) Cs D) Rb E) K 95) Of the atoms below, is the most electronegative. A) Cl B) S C) Rb D) Ca E) Si 96) What is the missing particle? Th Ac A) beta particle B) alpha particle C) positron D) gamma particle 97) The isotope Sn decays to Sb. What type of radiation does it emit in this process? 51 A) 1 0 n B) 4-1 He C) 2 0 e D) 0 e E) -1 98) Which of the following nuclides will undergo beta decay to produce Am? A) Cm B) Np C) Bk D) Pu 99) The half-life of bromine-74 is 25 min. How much of a 4.0 mg sample is still active after 75 min? A) 4.0 mg B) 1.0 mg C) 2.0 mg D) 0.25 mg E) 0.50 mg 100) When an atom of uranium-235 is bombarded with neutrons, it splits into smaller nuclei and produces a great amount of energy. This nuclear process is called. A) fission B) fusion C) chain reaction D) ionization E) decomposition 14

15 Answer Key Testname: HONORS CHEMISTRY - 1ST SEMESTER FINAL EXAM PRACTICE TEST 1) A 2) A 3) C 4) E 5) C 6) C 7) B 8) A 9) C 10) D 11) C 12) B 13) A 14) B 15) A 16) A 17) D 18) B 19) D 20) D 21) C 22) B 23) C 24) D 25) B 26) E 27) C 28) C 29) B 30) D 31) E 32) D 33) E 34) C 35) A 36) A 37) A 38) C 39) E 40) B 41) D 42) A 43) D 44) C 45) C 46) D 47) C 48) D 49) B 50) B 15

16 Answer Key Testname: HONORS CHEMISTRY - 1ST SEMESTER FINAL EXAM PRACTICE TEST 51) C 52) E 53) A 54) A 55) B 56) D 57) C 58) E 59) C 60) D 61) C 62) E 63) D 64) B 65) E 66) A 67) B 68) E 69) B 70) E 71) E 72) E 73) E 74) A 75) A 76) E 77) D 78) D 79) A 80) A 81) D 82) B 83) E 84) D 85) B 86) D 87) E 88) A 89) B 90) D 91) C 92) E 93) B 94) B 95) A 96) C 97) D 98) D 99) E 100) A 16