(b) KS 2 strong electrolyte weak electrolyte nonelectrolyte. (e) (NH 2 ) 2 CO strong electrolyte weak electrolyte nonelectrolyte

Transcription

1 1. [Chan7 4.P.007.] Identify each of the followin substances as a stron, weak, or non. (a) H 2 O stron weak non (b) KS 2 stron weak non (c) HF stron weak non (d) CH 3 OH stron weak non (e) (NH 2 ) 2 CO stron weak non

2 2. [Chan7 4.P.015.] Characterize the followin compounds as soluble or insoluble in water. (a) NaOH soluble insoluble (b) Ca 3 PO 4 soluble insoluble (c) Mn(OH) 2 soluble insoluble (d) ACl soluble insoluble s 3. [Chan7 4.P.029.] Balance the followin equations and write the correspondin ionic and net ionic equations (if appropriate). (Type your answer usin the format [NH4]+ for NH 4 +. Use the lowest possible coefficients.) (a) HBr(aq) + NH 3 (aq) (HBr is a stron acid) ionic equation (aq) + Br - (aq) + NH 3 (aq) (aq) + net ionic equation Br - (aq) (aq) + NH 3 (aq) (aq) (b) Ba(OH) 2 (aq) + H 3 PO 4 (aq) ionic equation (aq) + OH - (aq) + H 3 PO 4 (aq) net ionic equation (s) + (aq) + OH - (aq) + H 3 PO 4 (aq) (l) (s) + (l) (c) HClO 4 (aq) + M(OH) 2 (s) ionic equation (aq) + ClO 4 - (aq) + M 2+ (aq) + OH - (aq) (aq) + ClO 4 - (aq) + (l) net ionic equation (aq) + OH - (aq) (l)

3 s 4. [Chan7 4.P.039.] For the complete redox reactions iven below, do each of the followin. (Type your answer usin the format [NH4]+ for NH + 4. Also, type [e]- for e -. Use the lowest possible coefficients.) (i) Break down each reaction into its half-reactions. (ii) Identify the oxidizin aent. (iii) Identify the reducin aent. (a) 2 Sr + O 2 2 SrO (i) half reactions Sr e - (ii) oxidizin aent O 2 Sr (iii) reducin aent O 2 Sr (b) 2 Li + H 2 2 LiH

4 (i) half reactions (ii) oxidizin aent + e - Li + + H 2 Li (iii) reducin aent H 2 Li (c) 2 Cs + Br 2 2 CsBr (i) half reactions Cs e - (ii) oxidizin aent Cs Br 2 (iii) reducin aent Cs Br 2 (d) 3 M + N 2 M 3 N 2 (i) half reactions (ii) oxidizin aent M N 2 + e - M 2+ + (iii) reducin aent M N 2

5 s 5. [Chan7 4.P.043.] Give the oxidation number of the underlined atoms in the followin molecules and ions. (a) IF 7 (b) NaHCO 3 (c) NaIO 3 (d) KAuCl 4 (e) Li 2 (f) KMnO 4 () Cs 2 O (h) PF 6 - (i) C 2 H 4 (j) K 2 Cr 2 O 7 (k) K 2 CrO 4 (l) ClF (m) CH 4 (n) C 2 H 2 6. [Chan7 4.P.051.] Classify the followin redox reactions. (a) 2 H 2 O 2 2 H 2 O + O 2 combination reaction decomposition reaction displacement reaction disproportionation reaction (b) M + 2 ANO 3 M(NO 3 ) A combination reaction decomposition reaction displacement reaction disproportionation reaction

6 (c) NH 4 NO 2 N H 2 O combination reaction decomposition reaction displacement reaction disproportionation reaction (d) H 2 + Br 2 2 HBr combination reaction decomposition reaction displacement reaction disproportionation reaction 7. [Chan7 4.P.059.] Calculate the molarity of each of the followin solutions. (a) 29.0 of ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH) in 513 ml of solution M (b) 14.9 of sucrose (C 12 H 22 O 11 ) in 56.0 ml of solution M (c) 7.00 of sodium chloride (NaCl) in 90.7 ml of solution M 8. [Chan7 4.P.062.] Determine how many rams of each of the followin solutes would be needed to make ml of a M solution. (a) cesium iodide (CsI) (b) sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) (c) sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) (d) potassium dichromate (K 2 Cr 2 O 7 ) (e) potassium permananate (KMnO 4 )

7 9. [Chan7 4.P.075.] How many rams of NaCl are required to precipitate most of the A + ions from ml of M ANO 3 solution? Write the net ionic equation for the reaction. (Type your answer usin the format [NH4]+ for NH 4 +. Use the lowest possible coefficients.) (aq) + Cl - (aq) (s) 10. [Chan7 4.P.079.] Calculate the volume in ml of a M NaOH solution required to titrate the followin solutions. (a) ml of a M HCl solution ml (b) ml of a M H 2 SO 4 solution ml (c) ml of a M H 3 PO 4 solution ml

8 11. [Chan7 4.TB.102.] Calculate the concentration of the acid (or base) remainin in solution when 10.7 ml of M HNO 3 are added to 16.3 ml of M NaOH M M M M 12. [Chan7 4.TB.110.] Usin the apparatus shown in Fiure 4.1, a student found that a sulfuric acid solution caused the liht bulb to low brihtly. However, after the addition of a certain amount of a barium hydroxide [Ba(OH) 2 ] solution, the liht bean to dim even thouh Ba(OH) 2 is also a stron. Why? Addin acids to bases always reduces the conductivity of aqueous solutions. Addin barium hydroxide to sulfuric acid produces insoluble barium sulfate and water, which is non-conductin. Barium sulfate, which is formed in the process described, increases the electrical resistance of water. Addin barium hydroxide to sulfuric acid dilutes the solution, which reduces its electrical conductivity. Fiure 4.1

9 13. [Chan7 4.TB.124.] A useful application of oxalic acid is the removal of rust (Fe 2 O 3 ) from, say, bathtub rins accordin to the followin reaction. Fe 2 O 3 (s) + 6 H 2 C 2 O 4 (aq) 2 Fe(C 2 O 4 )(aq) + 3 H 2 O + 6 H + (aq) Calculate the number of rams of rust that can be removed by 5.00 solution of oxalic acid ml of a M 14. [Chan7 4.TB.040.] What is the reducin aent in the followin redox reaction? 4 Fe + 3 O 2 2 Fe 2 O 3 O 2 O 2- Fe Fe [Chan7 4.TB.024.] Which of the followin is a characteristic of an acid-base neutralization reaction? A base is produced. A salt is produced. An acid is produced. A molecular compound is produced.

10 16. [Chan7 4.TB.026b.] Which of the followin is a weak base? NaOH NH 3 LiOH HCOOH (formic acid) 17. [Chan7 4.TB.026a.] Which of the followin is a weak acid? HCOOH NH 3 HNO 3 HBr 18. [Chan7 4.TB.020a.] With reference to Table 4.2, which of the followin methods would separate K + from A +? All cations are assumed to be in aqueous solution, and the common anion is the nitrate ion. Add suar. Add chloride ions. Add nitrate ions. Add iodide ions.

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