8. (5 pts) Draw a sketch of an atom. Label the nucleus, protons, neutrons. nucleus, containing protons and neutrons
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1 1. (2 pts) Atoms of the same element, regardless of charge, all have the same number of protons. 2. (2 pts) Comparing the mass of an electron to the mass of a proton, one could say that the electron is much less massive than the proton. 3. (2 pts) Comparing the mass of a neutron to the mass of a proton, one could say that the neutron a) is much less massive than the proton. b) is less massive than the proton. c) has nearly the same mass as the proton. d) is more massive than the proton. e) is much more massive than the proton. 4. (2 pts) How large is the nucleus compared to the size of an atom? Very small. 5. (4 pts) What two kinds of atomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom? protons and neutrons 6. (2 pts) Atoms of the same element that have different masses are called isotopes. 7. (2 pts) What is the charge of the particle in cathode rays? (5 pts) Draw a sketch of an atom. Label the nucleus, protons, neutrons. nucleus, containing protons and neutrons 9. (6 pts) Draw a sketch of an atom. Label the nucleus, protons, neutrons and electrons. nucleus, containing protons and neutrons electrons surround nucleus 10. (4 pts) Rutherford bombarded gold foil with alpha particles. Explain how the results of this experiment lead to the nuclear model of the atom.
2 Some of the alpha particles bounced back from the foil. The only way that this could happen is if most of the mass of the atoms is in one region of space, called the nucleus. Symbols of Isotopes 11. (6 pts) Give the symbol that identifies the following species. Include the charge if they are not neutral (for example, 1 H + ) 8 protons, 8 neutrons, 8 electrons: 16 O 43 protons, 55 neutrons, 39 electrons: 98 Tc (2 pts) One of the following is an isotope of hydrogen. Circle it. a. 2 D b. 4 He c. 9 Li d. 9 Be e. 165 Ho f. 201 Hg 13. (4 pts) Write the name of the isotope that has 108 neutrons, 73 protons, and 73 electrons. (The name should indicate which isotope this is.) 181 Ta or tantalum-181 Recognize that element must be given, select correct element, and include isotope identifier that is correct. 14. (6 pts) Give the symbol that identifies the following isotope. Include the charge if the isotope is not neutral (for example, 1 H + ) 53 protons, 76 neutrons, 54 electrons: 129 I 15. (12 pts) Give the symbol that identifies the following species. Include the charge if the species is not neutral (for example, 1 H + ) 9 protons, 10 neutrons, 10 electrons: 19 F 94 protons, 150 neutrons, 91 electrons: 244 Pu (6 pts) Give the symbol that identifies the following isotope. (For example, 1 H + ) 8 protons, 9 neutrons, 10 electrons: 17 O (6 pts) Give the symbol that identifies the following species. (For example, 1 H + ) 16 protons, 16 neutrons, 16 electrons: 32 S 92 protons, 146 neutrons, 88 electrons: 238 U (6 pts) Give the number of subatomic particles in 13 6C. protons 6 neutrons 7 electrons (2 pts) An atom containing which one of the following is an isotope of carbon? a) 6 neutrons and 7 protons b) 7 neutrons and 6 protons c) 12 neutrons and 12 protons d) 13 neutrons and 13 protons
3 e) 14 neutrons and 14 protons 20. (2 pts) The formula of the ion of sulfur that would be expected to form based on sulfur s position in the periodic table is. S 2- Element symbol must have correct charge. 21. (10 pts) Fill in the boxes to identify the five parts of the periodic table that are circled. transition metals (or elements) noble gases halogens alkali metals actinides 22. (8 pts) Classify each of the following as a pure substance, a heterogeneous mixture, or a homogeneous mixture. (a) chocolate-chip cookie heterogeneous mixture (b) distilled water pure substance (c) Kool-Aid homogeneous mixture (d) a pure gold coin pure substance 23. (12 pts) Part of the universe can be classified into the following categories: compounds, elements, heterogeneous, homogeneous, matter, mixtures, and pure substances. Organize these in the boxes of the following hierarchy chart.
4 matter mixtures pure substances homogeneous heterogeneous elements compounds 24. (2 pt) When an atom loses an electron, it becomes an ion. What is an ion with a positive charge called? A cation 25. (2 pt) When an atom loses an electron, it becomes an ion. What is an ion with a negative charge called? An anion 26. (2 pts) How many significant figures should be given in the result of ? (2 pts) How many significant figures are there in the measured number ? (5 pts) The density of carbon tetrachloride is 1.59 g/ml. What is the mass of 3.65 ml of carbon tetrachloride? m d =,so m = dv v 1.59g? g = 3.65mL ml = g = 5.80g 29. (6 pts) Give the electron configurations of the following ions. (No boxes; noble gas abbreviations are ok.) 2 pts. for wrong # of electrons; -1 for wrong configuration. V 2+ [Ar]3d 3 Ge 2+ [Ar]4s 2 3d 10
5 30. (6 pts) Give the electron configuration of the following: (without using noble gas abbreviations) Ni: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 8 4 pts 31. (4 pts) Place electrons in the boxes below to show the lowest energy electron configuration of an oxygen atom. (Use all electrons, not just valence electrons.) 1 for 8 e -, 1 for 4 e - in 2p orbitals, 2 for 2 unpaired e -. 2p 2p 2s 2s 1s 1s 32. (2 pts) How many valence electrons does a phosphorus atom have? 5
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