Modules Learning Objective Content

Transcription

1 Weekly course details: Week/ Duration Week-1 Modules Learning Objective Content Transition Elements (3d series)-1 Transition Elements (3d series)-2 To : Learn the importance of transition elements in colour of gemstones and also in Some of the important biological molecules like hemoglobin, vitamin B12 etc. Differentiate between transition elements and non-transition elements Write the electronic configuration of first raw transition elements having atomic number 21 to 30. Write the electronic configuration of transition elements in their different Oxidation state. Give the reason that why Sc and Zn are not included in the list of transition elements. Understand some of the general physical properties of the first row transition metal ion. Understand the general use of the all ten first row elements in the native state and some of their important compounds. Understand the abundance of the first row elements in the earth crust. See the trends in the following properties% o Ionization enthalpy o Atomic & Ionic radii o Melting point and hardness o Electronegativity General group trends with specific reference to electronic configuration General physical properties of transition elements: -Abundance -ionization enthalpy -atomic & ionic radii -melting point & hardness -electronegativity

2 Transition Elements (3d series)-3 Transition Elements (3d series)-4 Understand the reactivity of the elements of first row transition in general and in particular with water. To : Know the alloy formation by transition elements. Understand the Hume-Rothery rule Understand the substitutional and interstitial compounds Know the different variable oxidation state possess by the first row transition elements Learn the inter conversion of oxidation states in V, Cr, Mn etc. Distinguish between diamagnetic and paramagnetic substances ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic substances and heterogeneous catalysis by transition elements General physical properties of transition elements: -variable oxidation state -stability of various oxidation state General physical properties of transition elements: -catalysis -magnetic properties Week-2 Transition Elements (3d series)-5 Learn the two important properties of the transition metal ion, namely - Complex formation - Coordination number and geometry Identify the difference between the complex and chelate andwhy chelates are more stable than the complexes. Learn about the coordination number and various geometry associated withthe various coordination number. i.e. tetrahedral, octahedral etc. Learn General physical properties of transition elements: -complex formation

3 Transition Elements (3d series)-6 about the type of hybridization involved in ease case Understand why the transition metal compounds are coloured. General physical properties of transition elements: -colour behind the colour, complimentary colour i.e. the colour absorbed by the compound and its appearance. -d transition. compounds in which d-d transition are not possible are colourless or white. transfer phenomena responsible for the colour in certain salts like KMnO4. Transition Elements (3d series)-7 Transition Elements (3d series)-8 between the polarization and colour in certain transition metal compounds like AgBr or AgI. To understand the latimer diagrams of Mn, Fe and Cu To Know about position of inner transition elements in periodic table. configuration of lanthanide elements. properties based on configuration. Latimer diagrams of Mn, Fe and Cu Lanthanides: -electronic configuration -oxidation states -ionic radii & lanthanide contraction -consequences of lanthanide contraction states of lanthanides. most stable +3 oxidation state of lanthanide. stable +2 oxidation state of

4 lanthanide. lanthanide and lanthanide contraction. of lanthanide contraction. formed by lanthanides. learn occurrence of lanthanides Week-3 Transition Elements (3d series)-9 To know about Monazite sand -Extraction & separation of lanthanides lanthanides from Monazite concentration of mineral for extraction by sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide for extraction lanthanides by repeated fractional crystallization separation of lanthanide by solvent extraction chromatography method of separation of lanthanide separation of lanthanide by complex formation compounds of lanthanide. Transition Elements (3d series)-10 Know about position of inner transition elements in periodic table. Actinides: -electronic configuration -variable oxidation state -actinide contraction of actinide elements. -consequences of actinide contraction

5 properties based on configuration. states of actinides. stable +3 oxidation state of actinide. +2 oxidation state of actinide. and actinide contraction. actinide contraction. of by actinides. Transition Elements (3d series)-11 lanthanides To know different methods of separation of actinides. To discuss precipitation method for separation of actinide. To understand solvent extraction method for separation of actinide. To explain ion exchange method for separation of actinide. To discuss briefly about actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium and plutonium. To discuss process of extraction of thorium. To know Klaproth process of extraction of Uranium. To know preparation of plutonium. To explain preparation of transuranic elements. To understand common applications of actinide elements and briefly discuss about effects Extraction and separation of actinides

6 Week-4 Coordination Chemistry -1 Coordination Chemistry -2 Coordination Chemistry -3 Coordination Chemistry -4 of actinides on human health. Understand IUPAC nomenclature of complexes Understand rules for naming the ligands Understand rules for naming the metal center & oxidation state Understand naming of bridging groups Write IUPAC nomenclature of complexes Write formula of coordination complexes, Define Isomerism, Understand the Types of isomerism, Define Structural isomerism, Define Linkage isomerism, Define Coordination isomerism, Define Ionization isomerism, Define Solvate/hydrate isomerism, Define Polymerization isomerism. Define Stereo Isomerism, Define Geometrical Isomerism, Understand Mer-Fac Isomers, Understand Cis-Trans Isomers. Define Optical activity, Define Optical isomerism and Optical isomers, Understand Plane of symmetry method and mirror images method, -IUPAC nomenclature of complexes -Isomerism in coordination compounds -classification -sterero & Geometrical isomerism -Optical isomerism

7 Week-5 Coordination Chemistry -5 Understand Optical isomerism in complexes with coordination number 4 and 6 Crystal Field Theory-1 Understand Valence Bond Theory Apply VB Theory to Complex Ions Predict geometries of complexes Calculate Magnetic moment of Coordination Compounds Understand the limitations of valence bond theory. Understand the limitations of valence bond theory, Explain the Crystal Field Theory (CFT), Explain the important features of CFT, Understand the splitting of d- orbitals in octahedral complexes, Understand the splitting of d- orbitals in tetragonal and squareplanar complexes. -Valance bond theory & its limitations -CFT -d orbital splitting in ocatahedral, tetrahedral and square planar complexes Crystal Field Theory - 2 Understand splitting of d-orbitals in tetrahedral complexes, Define Spectrochemical series, Explain the effect of ligand on splitting energy, Define Pairing Energy, Differentiate between High spin and Low spin complexes, Distribution of d-electrons in t2g and eg orbitals in octahedral complexes. -spectrochemical series --High spin & low spin complexes

8 Crystal Field Theory - 3 Crystal Field Theory - 4 To calculate the Crystal Field Stabilisation Energy foroctahedral complexes, To understand the splitting of five d-orbitals in stronger and weaker tetrahedral field, To explain high spin and low spin complexes, To understand the distribution of d-electrons in t 2g and eg orbitals in tetrahedral complexes. Calculate the number of unpaired electrons - high - spin and low - spin complexes -Calculation of CFSE -Factors affecting magnitude of CFSE -Limitations of CFT stabilization energy for a tetrahedral complex Compare octahedral and tetrahedral complexes the magnitude of CFSE Week-6 Crystal Field Theory - 5 Kinetic Theory of Gases-1 Kinetic Theory of Gases-2 To understand Jahn-Teller distortion in metal complexes The properties of gases The gas laws The ideal gas equation The ideal gas constant Main postulates of kinetic theory of gases Derivation of kinetic gas equation The ideal gas and real gas - Jahn-Teller distortion - Gas laws - Ideal gas equation - Postulates of kinetic theory of gases - Comparison between ideal gas and real gas

9 Comparative study of ideal gas and real gas Kinetic Theory of Gases-3 To understand: Why real gases deviate from ideal behaviour -Van der waals equation -Van der waals constant The faulty assumptions in Kinetic Gas Theory The Van der Waals equation The Van Der Waals constant constants Week-7 Kinetic Theory of Gases -4 To understand: The excluded volume is four times of the actual volume of the gas molecule - Boyle s temperature The validity of Van der Waals equation The Boyle s temperature Derivation of Boyle s temperature Kinetic Theory of Gases-5 To understand: The critical constants -Critical constants - Its applications The supercritical fluid Critical constants and the Van der Waals constants Applications of critical constants The law of corresponding states Kinetic Theory of Gases-6 To understand: The Equations of states for real gases -Maxwell Boltzmann equation The Maxwell Boltzmann curve for distribution of molecular speeds The Maxwell Boltzmann equation for distribution of molecular speeds The derivation of Maxwell

10 Boltzmann equation for distribution of molecular speeds Kinetic Theory of Gases-7 To understand: The effect of temperature on molecular speeds -Types of molecular velocity Types of molecular velocities Average molecular velocity The Most probable velocity The Root mean Square velocity Week-8 Kinetic Theory of Gases-8 To understand: What is collision -Collision theory assumption of collision theory Liquids Solids -1 Understand Surface tension, its concept and determination, Know about viscocity of liquid and determination of coefficient of viscocity, Understand effect of temperature on surface tesion and viscocity of liquid. State different states of matter and explain their interconvertibility, -Surface tension, its concept and determination - Viscocity of liquid and determination of coefficient of viscocity - Effect of temperature on surface tesion and viscocity of liquid -Introduction to solids characteristics, basis of the nature of constituent species and the interaction between them, between amorphous and crystalline solids,

11 behaviour of crystalline solids, describe a method to measure the same, interfacial angle, Solids -2 term with the help of suitable examples, Differentiate between lattice and crystal structure, motif, importance, and and non-primitive unit cells, two dimensional lattice for NaCl, and identify the unit cell, and non-bravias lattices, to characterise a three dimensional lattice, -Lattice & Unit cell faces of a three dimensional unit cell Week-9 Solids -3 Define Bravais lattices and outline their significance, - primitive Bravaislattices, -Bravias lattices cubic unit cells, -existence of side centered cubic unit cells, unit cell for different cubic unit cells, parameters for a cubic cell,

12 Solids -4 fraction for simple cubic, body centred cubic and face centred cubic unit cells, computing density of solid from unit cell dimensions and lattice type Outline the need to study close packed structures, structures in two dimension, and hexagonal close packing in two dimension, close packing of spheres in two dimensions, octahedral and tetrahedral voids in close packed structures in three dimensions and ABCABC.. repeat close packed structures in three dimensions -Packing -study of close packed structures Solids -5 CCP close packing in three dimensions. -FCC & CCP State the number of tetrahedral and octahedral voids in a FCC unit cell and describe their location, types of tetrahedral voids in FCC unit cell, Outline the salient features of the CCP close packed structures, different types of cubic unit cells, common alloys like brass and steel, common ionic solids, the unit cell of cesium chloride.

13 Solids -6 Week-10 Solids -7 Define symmetry and give suitable examples, between symmetry operations and symmetry elements, operations possible in molecules and state the corresponding symmetry element, operation and highlight the symmetry element involved, differentiate between different types of planes of symmetry, Explain improper rotation operation with the help of examples, successive symmetry operations on a symmetry element. Define crystal symmetry and compare it with the molecular symmetry, difference in the molecular and crystal symmetry, macroscopic and microscopic symmetry in the context of crystals, have a five-fold rotation axis, describe their structure, representing molecular and crystal symmetry, that are exclusive to crystals, in the context of crystal symmetry with the help of an example, - Symmetry operations & elements -Crystal symmetry

14 Solids -8 context of crystal symmetry with the help of an example, Define lattice planes and state their importance, planes in two and three dimensions, and the unit vectors, designate lattice planes, Describe designation of lattice planes in terms of Weiss indices and assign Weiss indices to given set of lattice planes, indices, Miller indices to lattice planes, ans assign Miller indices to given set of lattice planes, -Miller indices & Bragg s law Solids -9 give an expression for it for cubic crystals, diffraction of X-rays by crystals, Bragg s equation List different experimental methods for the determination of crystal structure method for the determination of crystal structure and describe the process involved, crystal method for the determination of crystal structure and describe the process involved, -Powder diffraction method

15 Solids -10 Week-11 Solids -11 Solids -12 Chemical Kinetics -1 diffraction method for the determination of crystal structure and describe the process involved, the determination of crystal structure, diffraction pattern, determine the nature of unit cell and the edge length of the unit cell Understand Liquid crystal Know its various applications Understand the classification of liquid crystals Understand their characterization Understand the various defects in solids Understand the aim and scope of Chemical Kinetics Explain the meaning of rate of reaction and its importance Describe the factors affecting rate of reaction -Introduction & Application of liquid crystals -Classification of liquid crystals -Defects in solids -Introduction to Chemical Kinetics Chemical Kinetics -2 instantaneous rate and initial rate Relate rate of reaction with concentration Define rate constant or specific reaction rate Write the differential form of rate law Appreciate the importance of stoichiometry in calculating rate of reaction -Integrated rate law Know the two ways of classification of the reactions Define order of reaction and molecularity Derive integrated rate law expressions of first, second and

16 Week-12 Chemical Kinetics -3 zero order reactions Explain characteristics of reactions following different order Define half-life of a reaction Explain pseudo order reactions State and explain radioactive decay as a first order kinetics, Determine the half-life period and disintegration constant of any radioactive element, - Radioactive decay as a first order kinetics - Various methods of determination of order of the reaction State various methods of determination of order of the reaction, Explain and use differential method for determination of order of the reaction, Describe the method of integration or hit and trial method of determination of order of the reaction, Elucidate the half-life method of determination of order of the reaction, Describe the method of isolation for determination of the order of the reaction, Explain the merits and demerits of each method for determination of order of any reaction. Chemical Kinetics -4 Understand basic requirement of accurate experimental measurement in reaction kinetics, Understand the various methods used to study chemical kinetics, Differentiate between Chemical and Physical methods of analysis of chemical reaction with the help of suitable examples, State various physical method -Methods to study kinetics

17 Chemical Kinetics -5 used for the study of chemical reaction, Describe the application of conductometry as an analytical tool for the study of chemical reaction, Explain with the help of suitable example to use potentiometric techniques for studying a chemical reaction, Discuss the application of polarimeter for the study of chemical reaction involving optically active compounds(reactants and/or products), Describe the application of spectrophotometer for determination of rate constant and order of a reaction temperature on chemical kinetics, Arrhenius equation to explain the effect oftemperature on reaction rate energy of any chemical reaction, activation energy of any reaction, Arrhenius equation and use of very similar equation i.e., Kooij s equation to relate rate constant with temperature, led to the development of theories of reaction rate especially for gaseous phase reaction, available to explain the reaction rate, ory of reaction rate- its merits and demerits collision theory of reaction rate and compare it -Arrhenius theory

18 Chemical Kinetics -6 with the Arrhenius equation to obtain the value of preexponential factor A and Activation energy Eₐ Explain the limitations of collision theory of reaction rate, -Collision theory & transition state theory bridge the gap between the chemical thermodynamics and kinetics, theory and various assumptions required to explain transition state theory, profile of any reaction including activated complex formation any elementary reaction using transition state theory, the collision and transition state theory- merits and demerits.