AP Chemistry - Problem Drill 10: Atomic Structures and Electron Configuration
|
|
- Britton Stone
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 AP Chemistry - Problem Drill 10: Atomic Structures and Electron Configuration No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully (2) Work the problems on paper as 1. A cation is a positive ion where its atom or group of atoms has lost one or more electrons. How many electrons does Sr 2+ have? (A) 38 (B) 36 (C) 40 (D) 88 This would be a neutral Sr atom. B. Correct. Good job! This would be for a +2 ion, with two less electrons than neutral Sr atom. Sr 2+ = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6. This would be a -2 ion. This is using mass number rather than atomic number to determine electrons. Sr s atomic number is 38, which means as a neutral atom it has 38 electrons. Sr +2 has had 2 electrons removed. It now has 36 electrons with the same electronic configuration as [Kr] or 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6. The correct answer is (B).
2 No. 2 of Box Orbital Notation is one way to show electron configurations where orbitals and spin states are clearly labeled. Which is the correct electronic configuration for 33As? (A) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p (B) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p _ _ _ (C) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p (D) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p _ _ This one doesn t have 33 electrons. This one doesn t have 33 electrons. This one didn t put one electron in each 4p orbital before doubling up. D. Correct! Good job! This one has the correct electrons configuration for 33 As the three outer shell p electrons are filled in each orbital with the same spin before doubling up. As has 33 electrons. This is the orbital box notation. According to the Hund s Rule, the last three p electrons must be filled in each p orbital with the same spin, not to double up. Its long spectroscopic notation is: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 3. The correct answer is (D).
3 No. 3 of The Aufbau principle is the build-up method to determine the electron configuration of an atom, molecule or ion. Which of the following is correct for 14 Si? (A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 2 (B) 1s 2 1p 6 2s 2 2p 4 (C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 4 3s 2 3p 4 (D) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 3s 2 3p 2 A. Correct! Good job! There are total of 14 electrons, filled in sequentially. The outer shell 2p with 2 electrons on each orbital with the same spin. There is no 1p subshell. This one doesn t have 14 electrons. This one doesn t have 14 electrons. Si has 14 electrons. Fill them in order of 1s > 2s > 2p > 3s > 3p. The outer shell 2p with 2 electrons on each orbital with the same spin. The correct answer is (A).
4 No. 4 of The noble gases have the most stable electron configurations since all their subshells are filled. They are relatively inert. With their subshells all filled, noble gases can be used as a short hand way to represent the core electrons. The valence electrons are still explicitly written out. Write the noble gas notation for 34 Se. (A) [Ar] 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4 (B) [Ar] 4s 2 3d 10 4p 4 (C) [Kr] 4s 2 3d 10 4p 4 (D) [Kr] 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4 When using noble gas notation, you don t start at 1s. B. Correct! Good job! The 34 Se s core electrons are represented by [Ar] (1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 ) and the outer shells are 4s 2 3d 10 4p 4. Remember chose the noble gas that is closest without going over to the number of electrons needed. When using noble gas notation, you don t start at 1s. Se has 34 electrons. The noble gas closest to 34 without going over is Ar (18). The core electrons are represented by [Ar] (1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 ) and the outer shells are 4s 2 3d 10 4p 4. The correct answer is (B).
5 No. 5 of The typical quantum mechanics model uses four quantum numbers (n, l, m l and m s ) to describe any unique electronic state of an electron. There is one invalid quantum number set below, which one? (A) 1, 1, -1, -½ (B) 2, 0, 0, +½ (C) 3, 2, 2, +½ (D) 2, 1, 1, +½ A. Correct. Good job! This is for a 1p subshell (1,1), which doesn t exist. This is for a 2s on line 0 with an up arrow, which is all possible. This for a 3d on line 2 with an up arrow, which is all possible. This is for a 2p on line 1 with an up arrow, which is possible. Set A is for a 1p subshell, which does not exist. The rest of the sets are permissible. The correct answer is (A).
6 No. 6 of The electronic configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecule orbitals. Sodium oxide is used in ceramics and glasses. Which of the following is the electron configuration for Na in Na 2 O? (A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 1 (B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 (C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 (D) 1s 1 2s 1 2p 3 3s 1 3p 3 4s 1 This doesn t have 10 electrons. This doesn t have 10 electrons. C. Correct! Good job! Sodium has 11 electrons in total. With +1, one electron is removed. Therefore Na + has 11-1 = 10 electrons. This one has 10 electrons correctly placed. This one only puts half the number of electrons in each orbital that are necessary. Na in Na 2 O is Na +. Na has 11 electrons, so Na + will have 10 electrons. Only answers C & D have 10 electrons. Answer D uses only half as many electrons as possible in each subshell. The correct answer is (C).
7 No. 7 of Aluminum ( 13 Al) is the third most abundant element (beside oxygen and silicon) and the most abundant metal in the Earth s crust. Which is the correct electronic configuration for 13 Al? (A) [Ne] 3s 2 3p 1 (B) [He] 3s 2 3p 1 (C) [Ne] 1s 2 2s 1 (D) [He] 1s 2 2s 1 A. Correct. Good job! This one has 13 electrons with the correct noble gas configuration. This one doesn t have 13 electrons. The core electrons are mis-represented by [He]. When using noble gas configuration, you don t begin with 1s. This one doesn t have 13 electrons. The core electrons are mis-represented by [He]. Al has 13 electrons. Ne has 10 electrons & H has 2 electrons. Only answers A & C have 13 electrons. Answer D starts over with 1s, not where Ne left off. Choice E has three electrons in an s subshell when s subshells can only hold 2 electrons. The correct answer is (A).
8 No. 8 of Electrons are built up onto the orbitals one level at a time according to the Aufbau Principle. There are also exceptions to this rule. Which are the correct configurations for Cu and Cu +? (A) [Ar]3d 9 4s 2 and [Ar]3d 9 4s 1 (B) [Ar]3d 9 4s 2 and [Ar]3d 8 4s 2 (C) [Ar]3d 10 4s 1 and [Ar]3d 10 (D) [Ar]3d 10 4s 1 and [Ar]3d 9 4s 1 The 4s should not be doubled up since half-filled is more favorable. The 4s should not be doubled up since half-filled is more favorable. C. Correct! Good job! Use the half-filled rule to build up the outer shells. The removal of one electron is from the highest occupied sublevel. The neutral species is correct but the removal of electron should be on 4s first, not 3d. This is an exception to the rule. Half-filled sublevels have lower energy since unpaired electrons are more stable. 29 Cu has 29 electrons with the core electrons represented by [Ar] and the outer shell electrons are piled up as half-filled 3d 10 4s 1 for more stability. To make a cation Cu +, we need to take away one electron from the highest energy sublevel, 4s. Therefore, Cu + = [Ar]3d 10. The correct answer is (C).
9 No. 9 of Isoelectric elements and/or ions have the same number of electrons and configuration. Isoelectric chemical species tend to have similar chemical properties. All pairs below are isoelectric except. (A) Be 2+ and He (B) S 2- and Cl (C) Mg 2+ and Na + (D) Ca + and K These two species are isoelectric with the same configuration of 1s 2. B. Correct. Good job! S 2- has the configuration of 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 and Cl has a slightly different configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5. They are not isoelectric pair. These two species are isoelectric with the same configuration of 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6. These two species are isoelectric with the same configuration of [Ne]4s 1. S 2- has the configuration of 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 3 3p 6 and Cl has a slightly different configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 3 3p 5. Each has different number of electrons. The correct answer is (B).
10 No. 10 of The four quantum numbers described an electron are the principal (n), angular or azimuthal (l), magnetic (m l ) and spin (m s ). The first three quantum numbers describe the size, shape, and orientation in space of the orbitals on an atom. The last one (m s ) describes the spin state of an electron. The possible values of each quantum number correlate to one another. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers (n,l,m l,m s ) is not possible? (A) 1, 0, 0, -½ (B) 2, 0, -1, +½ (C) 2, 1, -1, +½ (D) 3, 2, 1, +½ 1s with a down arrow on line 0 is allowed. B. Correct. Good job! There is no -1 line in the 2s subshell. This configuration is not possible. 2p with an up arrow on the -1 line is allowed. An up arrow on the 1 line in a 3d subshell is allowed. The second set is an 2s subshell. The 2s subshell only has 1 orbital, which means that the 3 rd number has to be 0. The correct answer is (B).
CLEP Chemistry - Problem Drill 10: Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration
CLEP Chemistry - Problem Drill 10: Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully (2) Work the problems on paper as 1.
More informationLABELING ELECTRONS IN ATOMS
Date: Name: LABELING ELECTRONS IN ATOMS The location of each electron in an atom is determined by a few different factors. Each factor is represented by a QUANTUM NUMBER. Prediction: What do you think
More informationELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF ATOMS
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF ATOMS Electron Spin The electron: spins around its own axis acts as an tiny magnet (any moving electrical charge creates a magnetic field around itself) can spin in either of 2
More informationWhere are the s, p, d, f orbitals located on the periodic table? Identify them on the diagram below.
Chapter 4 Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms Section 3: Electron Configuration Objectives: Be able to define: Aufbau Principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, Hund s rule. Be able to list the number of electrons
More information[3.3] Energy Level Diagrams and Configurations
[3.3] Energy Level Diagrams and Configurations 1 Energy Level Diagrams Energy level diagrams are used to represent the electron arrangement in an atom 2 Pauli s Exclusion Principle No two electrons have
More informationAtomic Structure and Electron Configuration
Rapid Learning Center Chemistry :: Biology :: Physics :: Math Rapid Learning Center Presenting Teach Yourself High School Chemistry in 4 Hours 1/56 http://www.rapidlearningcenter.com Atomic Structure and
More informationELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS, ORBITAL DIAGRAMS, AUFBAU PRINCIPLE, HUND S RULE
ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS, ORBITAL DIAGRAMS, AUFBAU PRINCIPLE, HUND S RULE REPRESENTING ELECTRONS... Now that you know what an orbital is, you need to be able to use that to describe
More informationUnit Two: Elements & Matter. February 1, 2016
Unit Two: Elements & Matter February 1, 2016 Warm-Up: 2/1/2016 1. Fill in the following information: Atomic Symbol Ca 2+ Atomic Number Proton Neutron Electron 34 36 Mass Num. 2. Identify which family the
More informationELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS... WHY BOHR RUTHERFORD DIAGRAMS JUST WON T CUT IT ANYMORE!
ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS... WHY BOHR RUTHERFORD DIAGRAMS JUST WON T CUT IT ANYMORE! REPRESENTING ELECTRONS... Now that you know what an orbital is, you need to be able to use that to describe the electronic
More informationElectronic Configuration of the Elements
Electronic Configuration of the Elements As the number of electrons increases with the number of protons of a neutral atom, they occupy orbitals of increasing energy: The possibilities are: n l m l m s
More informationElectron Arrangement - Part 2
Brad Collins Electron Arrangement - Part 2 Chapter 9 Some images Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Review Energy Levels Multi-electron 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d n = 4 4s 4p 4p 4p 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d n=3, l = 2
More informationThe element having chemical properties most similar to As is. The properties of the elements are determined by the arrangement of in their atoms.
Group 17 (7A) Halogens - Colorful and corrosive nonmetals - Found in nature only in with other elements, such as with sodium in table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) - All except At are as pure elements.
More informationThe orbitals in an atom are arranged in shells and subshells. orbital 3s 3p 3d. Shell: all orbitals with the same value of n.
Shells and Subshells The orbitals in an atom are arranged in shells and subshells. n=3 orbital 3s 3p 3d Shell: all orbitals with the same value of n n=3 3s 3p 3d Subshell: all orbitals with the same value
More informationElectron Configurations
Section 3 Electron Configurations Key Terms electron configuration Pauli exclusion principle noble gas Aufbau principle Hund s rule noble-gas configuration Main Ideas Electrons fill in the lowest-energy
More informationMendeleev s Periodic Law
Mendeleev s Periodic Law Periodic Law When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically. Mendeleev s Periodic Law allows us to predict what
More informationOrbital Diagrams & Electron Configurations for Atoms and Ions
Orbital Diagrams & Electron Configurations for Atoms and Ions Section 3.5 The Periodic Table is like a MAP that describes the arrangement of electrons within their orbitals. Orbital diagrams represent
More informationA.P. Chemistry Practice Test - Ch. 7, Atomic Structure and Periodicity
A.P. Chemistry Practice Test - Ch. 7, Atomic Structure and Periodicity 1) Ham radio operators often broadcast on the 6-meter band. The frequency of this electromagnetic radiation is MHz. A) 50 B) 20 C)
More informationParticle Behavior of Light 1. Calculate the energy of a photon, mole of photons 2. Find binding energy of an electron (know KE) 3. What is a quanta?
Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation 1. What is spectroscopy, a continuous spectrum, a line spectrum, differences and similarities 2. Relationship of wavelength to frequency, relationship of E to λ
More informationElectron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity
Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity The Periodic Table Periodic law (Mendeleev, Meyer, 1870) periodic reoccurrence of similar physical and chemical properties of the elements arranged by increasing
More informationElectron Configuration. The electron configuration of an atom tells us how the electrons are distributed among the various atomic orbitals.
Electron Configuration The electron configuration of an atom tells us how the electrons are distributed among the various atomic orbitals. Spin Quantum Number, m s In the 1920s, it was discovered that
More informationChapter 6 Part 3; Many-electron atoms
Chapter 6 Part 3; Many-electron atoms Read: BLB 6.7 6.9 HW: BLB 6:59,63,64,67,71b-d,74,75,90,97; Packet 6:10 14 Know: s & atoms with many electrons Spin quantum number m s o Pauli exclusion principle o
More informationBohr Model of Atom: electrons move around nucleus in orbits similar to how planets orbit the sun energy levels for electrons are quantized
Chemistry I: Quantum Mechanics Notes Bohr Model of Atom: electrons move around nucleus in orbits similar to how planets orbit the sun energy levels for electrons are quantized Major developments that put
More informationElectronic Structure of Atoms and the Periodic table. Electron Spin Quantum # m s
Electronic Structure of Atoms and the Periodic table Chapter 6 & 7, Part 3 October 26 th, 2004 Homework session Wednesday 3:00 5:00 Electron Spin Quantum # m s Each electron is assigned a spinning motion
More informationAtomic Electron Configurations and Periodicity
Atomic Electron Configurations and Periodicity Electron Spin The 4 th quantum number is known as the spin quantum number and is designated by m s. It can have the value of either + ½ or ½ It roughly translates
More informationChapter 8. Mendeleev. Mendeleev s Predictions. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Chapter 8 Periodic Properties of the Elements Mendeleev Order elements by atomic mass Saw a repeating pattern of properties Periodic Law When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass,
More informationUse the Venn Diagram to compare and contrast the Bohr Model of the atom with the Quantum Mechanical Model of atom
Use the Venn Diagram to compare and contrast the Bohr Model of the atom with the Quantum Mechanical Model of atom Bohr Model Quantum Model Energy level Atomic orbital Quantum Atomic number Quantum mechanical
More informationRemember Bohr s Explanation: Energy Levels of Hydrogen: The Electronic Structure of the Atom 11/28/2011
The Electronic Structure of the Atom Bohr based his theory on his experiments with hydrogen he found that when energy is added to a sample of hydrogen, energy is absorbed and reemitted as light When passed
More informationUNIT 2 PART 1: ELECTRONS
UNIT 2 PART 1: ELECTRONS Electrons in an Atom Bohr s Model: Electrons resided in an allowed orbit. Quantum Mechanics Model: Probability of finding an electron in an area around the nucleus. This area around
More information5. N. 9. Cl 2. Pb. 6. Ag. c. 4f d. 3d
Brief Instructions An electron configuration is a method of indicating the arrangement of electrons about a nucleus. A typical electron configuration consists of numbers, letters, and superscripts with
More informationChapter 8. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Chapter 8 Periodic Properties of the Elements Mendeleev (1834 1907) Ordered elements by atomic mass. Saw a repeating pattern of properties. Periodic Law When the elements are arranged in order of increasing
More informationElectronic configurations, Auf-bau principle, Pauli principle, Hunds rule 1. Which of the following statements in relation to the hydrogen atom is correct? 1) 3s and 3p orbitals are of lower energy than
More informationKomperda. Electron Configuration and Orbital Notation
Electron Configuration and Orbital Notation Dmitri Mendeleyev Father of the Modern P.T. Periods and Group Period horizontal row on P.T. Each period represents an energy level (think back to models of the
More informationElectron Configurations and the Periodic Table
Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table The periodic table can be used as a guide for electron configurations. The period number is the value of n. Groups 1A and 2A have the s-orbital filled. Groups
More informationELEMENTS & MATTER. September 7, 2016
ELEMENTS & MATTER September 7, 2016 Review Problems: 9/7/2016 1. Fill in the following information: Atomic Symbol Atomic Number Proton Neutron Electron Mass Num. Atomic Mass 34 36 Ca 2+ 2. Identify which
More informationSection 3 Electron Configurations. Chapter 4. Preview
Preview Lesson Starter Objectives Electron Configurations Rules Governing Electron Configurations Representing Electron Configurations Elements of the Second Period Elements of the Third Period Elements
More informationChemistry- Unit 3. Section II - Chapter 7 ( , 7.11) Quantum Mechanics
Chemistry- Unit 3 Section II - Chapter 7 (7.6-7.8, 7.11) Quantum Mechanics Atomic Review What subatomic particles do you get to play with? Protons Neutrons Electrons NO! It would change the element Don
More informationLIMITATIONS OF RUTHERFORD S ATOMIC MODEL
ELECTRONS IN ATOMS LIMITATIONS OF RUTHERFORD S ATOMIC MODEL Did not explain the chemical properties of atoms For example, it could not explain why metals or compounds of metals give off characteristic
More information1. Electronic Structure 2. Electron Configuration 3. Core Notation 4. EC Relationship to Periodic Table 5. Electron Configuration of Ions
Pre-AP Chemistry 11 Atomic Theory II Name: Date: Block: 1. Electronic Structure 2. Electron Configuration 3. Core Notation 4. EC Relationship to Periodic Table 5. Electron Configuration of Ions Electronic
More informationCHM 1045 Test #4 December 4, 2000
CHM 1045 Test #4 December 4, 2000 1. The scientist who was first to propose that electrons in an atom could have only certain energies was a. Planck. b. Einstein. c. Bohr. d. Rydberg. 2. Select the arrangement
More informationCHEMISTRY. CHM201 Class #16 CHEMISTRY. Chapter 7 Continued. Chapter 7 Outline for Class #16
CHEMISTRY Fifth Edition Gilbert Kirss Foster Bretz Davies CHM201 Class #16 Chemistry, 5 th Edition Copyright 2017, W. W. Norton & Company CHEMISTRY Fifth Edition Gilbert Kirss Foster Bretz Davies Chapter
More informationProfessor K. Section 8 Electron Configuration Periodic Table
Professor K Section 8 Electron Configuration Periodic Table Schrödinger Cannot be solved for multielectron atoms We must assume the orbitals are all hydrogen-like Differences In the H atom, all subshells
More informationCHEMISTRY Topic #1: Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Fall 2017 Dr. Susan Findlay See Exercises 5.1 to 5.2
CHEMISTRY 1000 Topic #1: Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Fall 2017 Dr. Susan Findlay See Exercises 5.1 to 5.2 Electron Spin and Magnetism We have seen that an atomic orbital is described by three
More informationTest Review # 4. Chemistry: Form TR4-9A
Chemistry: Form TR4-9A REVIEW Name Date Period Test Review # 4 Location of electrons. Electrons are in regions of the atom known as orbitals, which are found in subdivisions of the principal energy levels
More informationKey Equations. Determining the smallest change in an atom's energy.
ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND PERIODICITY Matter and Energy Key Equations λν = c ΔE = hν Relating speed of a wave to its wavelength and frequency. Determining the smallest change in an atom's energy. H( λ =R n
More informationNotes: Unit 6 Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table
Name KEY Block Notes: Unit 6 Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table In the 1790's Antoine Lavoisier compiled a list of the known elements at that time. There were only 23 elements. By the 1870's
More informationBohr Model of Hydrogen Atom
Bohr Model of Hydrogen Atom electrons move in circular orbits around nucleus orbits can only be of certain radii each radius corresponds to different energy ( only certain energies are allowed) n - defines
More informationElectron Configurations: Assigning each electron in an atom to the energy level and sublevel it occupies in the atom. Number of Electrons
First some terms and more information about the structure of the atom: 1) Energy level is no longer an orbit but more like a boundary or maximum distance from the nucleus that electrons occupy. 1, 2, 3
More information8. Which of the following could be an isotope of chlorine? (A) 37 Cl 17 (B) 17 Cl 17 (C) 37 Cl 17 (D) 17 Cl 37.5 (E) 17 Cl 37
Electronic Structure Worksheet 1 Given the following list of atomic and ionic species, find the appropriate match for questions 1-4. (A) Fe 2+ (B) Cl (C) K + (D) Cs (E) Hg + 1. Has the electron configuration:
More informationOrbital Diagram Rules: 1. The Aufbau Principle: Under normal condition, each electron occupies the
Honors Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block Orbital Diagram Rules: 1. The Aufbau Principle: Under normal condition, each electron occupies the 2. The Pauli Exclusion Principle: a maximum of can occupy an orbital
More informationChemistry 11. Unit 8 Atoms and the Periodic Table Part II Electronic Structure of Atoms
Chemistry 11 Unit 8 Atoms and the Periodic Table Part II Electronic Structure of Atoms 2 1. Atomic number and atomic mass In the previous section, we have seen that from 50 to 100 years after Dalton proposed
More informationElectronic configuration
Electronic configuration The energy of electrons The electrons of an atom all have the same charge and the same mass, but each electron has a different amount of energy. Electrons that have the lowest
More informationAtoms, Electrons and Light MS. MOORE CHEMISTRY
Atoms, Electrons and Light MS. MOORE CHEMISTRY Atoms Remember Rutherford??? What did he discover with his gold foil experiment. A: Atoms contain a dense nucleus where the protons and neutrons reside. ATOMS
More informationChemistry Chapter 9 Review. 2. Calculate the wavelength of a photon of blue light whose frequency is 6.3 x s -1.
Chemistry Chapter 9 Review 1. What is the frequency of radiation that has a wavelength of 4.7 x 10-5 cm? 2. Calculate the wavelength of a photon of blue light whose frequency is 6.3 x 10 14 s -1. 3. The
More information2 e. 14 e. # e # orbitals. 10 e 5. sublevel. shape of orbital. Orbital Shapes. Notes Orbital Notation; e Config; NGN.
How to build an atom: The bigger (more massive) the atom, the more protons (and neutrons) The bigger the atom, the more electrons Electrons fill lower energy levels first "Aufbau" Principle ("To build
More informationUnit 8: Atomic Theory. Quantum Mechanics
Unit 8: Atomic Theory Quantum Mechanics 1 Unit 8: Atomic Theory 1. Historical Views of the Atom 2. The 'New' Look Atom 3. Electron Configurations 4. Electron Configurations & the Periodic Table 5. Quantum
More informationGeneral Rules. Pauli Exclusion Principle. Each orbital can hold TWO electrons with opposite spins. Wolfgang Pauli
General Rules Pauli Exclusion Principle Each orbital can hold TWO electrons with opposite spins. Wolfgang Pauli General Rules Aufbau Principle Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first. Lazy Tenant
More informationI. The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table. Electronic Configuration and Periodicity. Announcements Newland Law of Octaves
Announcements EM radiation --Exam 3 Oct 3...Includes chapters 7/8/9/10 The excluded items include: 1. Classical distinction between energy and matter (p. 217) 2. Numerical problems involving the Rydberg
More informationThe Periodic Table & Electronic Structure
Periodic Table The Periodic Table & Electronic Structure Is there an overall reason that the elements are arranged in the order that they are? Yes! We ve seen that the elements are arranged in order of
More informationTopic 2 Atomic Structure. IB Chemistry SL Coral Gables Senior High School Ms. Kiely
Topic 2 Atomic Structure IB Chemistry SL Coral Gables Senior High School Ms. Kiely Bell Ringer (i) Calculate the number of neutrons and electrons in one atom of ⁶⁵Cu. (ii) State one difference in the physical
More informationC H E M 1 CHEM 101-GENERAL CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 6 THE PERIODIC TABLE & ATOMIC STRUCTURE INSTR : FİLİZ ALSHANABLEH
C H E M 1 CHEM 101-GENERAL CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 6 THE PERIODIC TABLE & ATOMIC STRUCTURE 0 1 INSTR : FİLİZ ALSHANABLEH CHAPTER 6 THE PERIODIC TABLE & ATOMIC STRUCTURE The Electromagnetic Spectrum The Wave
More informationUnit 4B- Electron Configuration- Guided Notes
Unit 4B- Electron Configuration- Guided Notes Atomic Structure Electrons are arranged in or around the nucleus of an atom o First shell can hold a maximum of electrons o Second shell can hold a maximum
More informationName: Unit 3 Guide-Electrons In Atoms
Name: Unit 3 Guide-Electrons In Atoms Importance of Electrons Draw a complete Bohr model of the atom. Write an element s electron configuration. Know how the symbols used in ECs relate to electron properties
More informationAdditional Problem 1.13
Task 1 Due: 11:59pm on Friday, April 27, 2018 You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy Additional Problem 1.13 Classify each of the following as a pure
More informationElectron Configuration in Ionic Bonding Ionic Bonds Bonding in Metals
Electron Configuration in Ionic Bonding Ionic Bonds Bonding in Metals Valence Electrons Electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an element s atoms Examples Mg: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 2 valence e
More informationMany-Electron Atoms. Thornton and Rex, Ch. 8
Many-Electron Atoms Thornton and Rex, Ch. 8 In principle, can now solve Sch. Eqn for any atom. In practice, -> Complicated! Goal-- To explain properties of elements from principles of quantum theory (without
More information1. This man said that matter was made of atoms and that all atoms of the same element were identical.
The Atomic Structure retest READ ALL QUESTIONS CAREFULLY!! and Answer Correctly! 1. This man said that matter was made of atoms and that all atoms of the same element were identical. 2. This man said that
More informationUNIT (2) ATOMS AND ELEMENTS
UNIT (2) ATOMS AND ELEMENTS 2.1 Elements An element is a fundamental substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means into simpler substances. Each element is represented by an abbreviation called
More informationElectron configurations follow the order of sublevels on the periodic table.
Electron configurations follow the order of sublevels on the periodic table. 1 The periodic table consists of sublevel blocks arranged in order of increasing energy. Groups 1A(1)-2A(2) = s level Groups
More informationAn Electron s Address: Orbital Diagrams and Electron Configuration
AP Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block An Electron s Address: Orbital Diagrams and Electron Configuration Information: Energy Levels and Sublevels As you know, in his solar system model Bohr proposed that
More informationCreating Energy-Level Diagrams Aufbau (building up) Principle Electrons are added to the lowest energy orbital available.
3.6 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table Bohr's Theory Was Incorrect Because... Only explained the line spectrum of hydrogen Position and motion of an e cannot be specified (since the e is so small,
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
A.P. Chemistry Practice Test - Ch. 7, Atomic Structure and Periodicity Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Ham radio operators
More informationQuantum Theory & Electronic Structure of Atoms. It s Unreal!! Check your intuition at the door.
Quantum Theory & Electronic Structure of Atoms It s Unreal!! Check your intuition at the door. 1 Quantum Theory of the Atom Description of the atom and subatomic particles. We will focus on the electronic
More informationActivity Electron Configurations
Activity 151-10 Electron Configurations Directions: This GLA worksheet goes over two different ways to write the electron configuration for a specific element. Electron configurations are a way of specifying
More informationElectron Configuration
Electron Configuration Electrons as Waves Review Louis de Broglie (1924) Applied wave-particle theory to electrons ELECTRONS EXHIBIT WAVE PROPERTIES Louis de Broglie ~1924 QUANTIZED WAVELENGTHS 200 Fundamental
More informationMany-Electron Atoms. Thornton and Rex, Ch. 8
Many-Electron Atoms Thornton and Rex, Ch. 8 In principle, can now solve Sch. Eqn for any atom. In practice, -> Complicated! Goal-- To explain properties of elements from principles of quantum theory (without
More informationUnit 8: Atomic Theory. Quantum Mechanics
Unit 8: Atomic Theory Quantum Mechanics 1 Unit 8: Atomic Theory 1. Historical Views of the Atom 2. The 'New' Look Atom 3. Electron Configurations 4. Electron Configurations & the Periodic Table 5. Quantum
More informationLIGHT AND THE QUANTUM MODEL
LIGHT AND THE QUANTUM MODEL WAVES Wavelength ( ) - length of one complete wave Frequency ( ) - # of waves that pass a point during a certain time period hertz (Hz) = 1/s Amplitude (A) - distance from the
More informationName Chemistry-PAP Period. Notes: Electrons. Light travels through space as a wave. Waves have three primary characteristics:
Name Chemistry-PAP Period The Wave Nature of Light Notes: Electrons Light travels through space as a wave. Waves have three primary characteristics: Wavelength (λ): the distance between 2 consecutive crests
More informationChapter 2 Atoms and Elements. Electromagnetic Radiation. Electromagnetic Spectrum. Electron Energy Levels. 2.6 Electron Energy Levels
Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements Electromagnetic Radiation 2.6 Electron Energy Levels Electromagnetic radiation Consists of energy particles called photons that travel as waves. Includes low energy particles
More informationElectron configuration: shows which orbitals are occupied in an atom, and how many electrons they contain
ch8blank Page 1 Chapter 8: Periodic properties of the elements Electron configuration: shows which orbitals are occupied in an atom, and how many electrons they contain Ground state: lowest energy, most
More informationE J The electron s energy difference between the second and third levels is J. = J
The wavelength of light emitted is 654 nm. = c f c 3.00 10 8 m/s f c 3.00 108 m 1s 6.54 10 7 m f 4.59 4.59 10 14 z 1 s 10 14 The frequency of the light emitted is 4.59 10 14 z. E hf h 6.63 10 34 J/z E
More informationWhite Light. Chapter 7 Electron Structure of the Atom
Chapter 7 Electron Structure of the Atom Electromagnetic Radiation and Energy The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom The Modern Model of the Atom Periodicity of Electron Configurations Valence Electrons for
More informationDEVELOPMENT OF THE PERIODIC TABLE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE PERIODIC TABLE Prior to the 1700s, relatively few element were known, and consisted mostly of metals used for coinage, jewelry and weapons. From early 1700s to mid-1800s, chemists discovered
More informationHL Chemistry Topic 12 Atomic Structure
Define: ionization energy - 1 - Trends in Ionization Energy in the Periodic Table Why do these trends in ionization energy occur? Background information: Understand the concept of effective nuclear charge
More informationThe periodic system of the elements. Predict. (rather than passively learn) Chemical Properties!
The periodic system of the elements Study of over 100 elements daunting task! Nature has provided the periodic table Enables us to correlate an enormous amount of information Predict (rather than passively
More informationElectrons/bonding and quantum numbers
Electrons/bonding and quantum numbers Electrons, Atomic Orbitals, and Energy Levels In an atom, the number if electrons equals the number if protons in the nucleus. Thus an electrically neutral carbon
More informationSAMPLE PROBLEMS! 1. From which of the following is it easiest to remove an electron? a. Mg b. Na c. K d. Ca
SAMPLE PROBLEMS! 1. From which of the following is it easiest to remove an electron? a. Mg b. Na c. K d. Ca 2. Which of the following influenced your answer to number one the most? a. effective nuclear
More informationCh 8 Electron Configurations and Periodicity (Periodic table)
Ch 8 Electron Configurations and Periodicity (Periodic table) - An e 1 configuration is an atom s particular distribution of e 1 among the available subshells and orbitals. For example, the ground state
More informationElectron Configurations
APChem Topic 3: Electron Configurations Notes 3-2: Quantum Numbers, Orbitals and Electron Configurations Wave Nature of Electrons All the work by Bohr suggested that the electron was a discrete particle.
More informationNotes: Electrons and Periodic Table (text Ch. 4 & 5)
Name Per. Notes: Electrons and Periodic Table (text Ch. 4 & 5) NOTE: This set of class notes is not complete. We will be filling in information in class. If you are absent, it is your responsibility to
More informationCDO AP Chemistry Unit 5
1. a. Calculate the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that has a frequency of 5.56 MHz. b. Calculate the frequency of electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength equal to 667 nm. 2. Electromagnetic
More informationMetals and Nonmetals
The Periodic Table and Atomic Properties The periodic table originally came from the observation that when the elements are arranged by atomic mass, properties recur periodically. (Mendeleev) Now we understand
More informationMetals and Nonmetals. Metals and Nonmetals. The Periodic Table and Atomic Properties
The Periodic Table and Atomic Properties The periodic table originally came from the observation that when the elements are arranged by atomic mass, properties recur periodically. (Mendeleev) Now we understand
More informationChapter 5. Periodicity and the Electronic Structure of Atoms
Chapter 5 Periodicity and the Electronic Structure of Atoms Electron Spin experiments by Stern and Gerlach showed a beam of silver atoms is split in two by a magnetic field the experiment reveals that
More informationSection 11: Electron Configuration and Periodic Trends
Section 11: Electron Configuration and Periodic Trends The following maps the videos in this section to the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Science TAC 112.35(c). 11.01 The Bohr Model of the Atom
More informationChapter 8. Periodic Properties of the Element
Chapter 8 Periodic Properties of the Element Mendeleev (1834 1907) Ordered elements by atomic mass Saw a repeating pattern of properties Periodic law when the elements are arranged in order of increasing
More informationChapter 3: Electron Structure and the Periodic Law
Chapter 3: Electron Structure and the Periodic Law PERIODIC LAW This is a statement about the behavior of the elements when they are arranged in a specific order. In its present form the statement is:
More informationChapter 2: Atomic structure and interatomic bonding
Chapter 2: Atomic structure and interatomic bonding Fundamental concepts Electrons in atoms Periodic table Bonding forces and energies Chapter 2 - Chapter 2: Atomic structure and interatomic bonding Fundamental
More information4.2 WHERE are the electrons in the { atom???? QUANTUM NUMBERS
4.2 WHERE are the electrons in the { atom???? QUANTUM NUMBERS Bohr s Model Contradicts Common Sense If only certain orbits with definite energies are allowed and the electrons constantly gives off radiation,
More information1. The total number of protons AND neutrons in Aluminum 27 is:
The ATOM test VERSION B Name 1. The total number of protons AND neutrons in Aluminum 27 is: 2. The number of protons in Aluminum 27 is: 3. The number of electrons in Aluminum 27 is: 4. The number of neutrons
More information