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1 1 of 7 7/18/2013 2:54 PM Open menu Home News Nano Databases Nano Business Nano Jobs Resources Introduction to Nanotechnology The latest news from academia, regulators research labs and other things of interest (Nanowerk News) Researchers in Singapore have designed an electronic switch that responds to changes in a magnetic field ("High magnetoresistance in graphene
2 2 of 7 7/18/2013 2:54 PM nanoribbon heterojunction"). The device relies on graphene, a strong and flexible electricity conducting layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb pattern. Seng Ghee Tan of the A*STAR Data Storage Institute, along with colleagues at the National University of Singapore, used theoretical models to predict the properties of their proposed device, known as a magnetic field effect transistor. The transistor is based on two nanoribbons of graphene, each just a few tens of nanometers wide, which are joined end to end. The atoms along the edges of these nanoribbons are arranged in an armchair configuration a pattern that resembles the indented battlements of castle walls. If these edges were in a zigzag pattern, however, the material would have different electrical properties. One of the nanoribbons in the team s transistor acts as a metallic conductor that allows electrons to flow freely; the other, slightly wider, nanoribbon is a semiconductor. Under normal conditions, electrons cannot travel from one nanoribbon to the other because their quantum wavefunctions the probability of where electrons are found within the materials do not overlap. A magnetic field, however, warps the distribution of electrons, changing their wavefunctions until they overlap and allowing current to flow from one nanoribbon to the other. Using an external field to change the electrical resistance of a conductor in this way is known as a magnetoresistance effect. The team calculated how electrons would travel in the nanoribbons under the influence of a 10 tesla magnetic field the rough equivalent of that produced by a large superconducting magnet at a range of different temperatures. Tan and colleagues found that larger magnetic fields allowed more current to flow, and the effect was more pronounced at lower temperatures. At 150 kelvin, for example, the magnetic field induced a very large magnetoresistance effect and current flowed freely. At room temperature, the effect declined slightly but still allowed a considerable current. At 300 kelvin, the magnetoresistance effect was approximately half as strong. The researchers also discovered that as the voltage across the nanoribbons increased, the electrons had enough energy to force their way through the switch and the magnetoresistance effect declined. Other researchers recently produced graphene nanoribbons with atomically precise edges, similar to those in the proposed design. Tan and his colleagues suggest that if similar manufacturing techniques were used to build their device, its properties could come close to matching their theoretical predictions. Source: A*STAR Translate this article:
3 Select Language Check out these other trending stories on Nanowerk: New thermocell could harvest waste heat (w/video) Telescopic contact lens can magnify vision Researchers grow half meter long carbon nanotubes Scientists find link between quantum physics and game theory Nanotechnology and immortality...really? Telescopic contact lens can magnify vision Brain penetrating nanoparticle attacks deadly tumors Powered by AddThis Subscribe to a free copy of one of our daily Nanowerk Newsletter Digests with a compilation of all of the day's news. Research News (click here for Business News) 3 of 7 7/18/2013 2:54 PM
4 4 of 7 7/18/2013 2:54 PM A novel material with world record breaking surface area and water adsorption abilities Another nanotechnology milestone by NASA engineers (w/video) Graphene based energy storage and advanced materials receive GBP 8m boost Ironing out the origins of wrinkles, creases and folds Nanotechnology drug crosses blood brain tumor barrier, targets brain tumor cells Flexible electronics: Stretchable gold conductor grows its own wires (w/video) Gold nanofibers in engineered heart tissue can enhance electrical signalling Understanding ultrafine nanodiamond formation using nanostructured explosives Injectable 'smart sponge' holds promise for controlled drug delivery Nature's nanostructures could inspire new hue changing materialsthe key to ion beams' polarisability Nanobiotechnology Manufacturing Consortium releases first request for proposals on human performance monitoring and biomarkers Surfing on acoustic wavesempowering innovation in photonics through collaboration Goldnanopyramiden machen Kohlenmonoxid Spuren in der Luft erkennbar New technique saves time in designing nanoscale lasers A magnetic field sensor for novel electronic devices made with grapheneualbany NanoCollege to become a separate institution Posted: Jul 16, 2013 Using pressure to swell pores, not crush them...more NANOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH NEWS Posted: Jul 16, 2013
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