Specific Gravity and Absorption of Aggregate by Volumetric Immersion Method (Phunque Test)

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Specific Gravity and Absorption of Aggregate by Volumetric Immersion Method (Phunque Test)"

Transcription

1 Specific Gravity and Absorption of Aggregate by Volumetric Immersion Method (Phunque Test) ASTM June 2015 Meeting by Bryce Simons, P.E. Eliminating the Guesswork A New Absorption/Specific Gravity Test for Aggregate 1

2 Frustrated and Confused Problems with ASTM C 128/AASHTO T 84 Test is subjective; profoundly influenced by operator; Impossible to repeat the same result; Seriously different between different labs; Unable to predict slumps in concrete; Variability creates construction and payment conflicts with HMA. 2

3 Desired Characteristics Easy to perform; Easy to understand; Easily re produced; Operator and laboratory independent Basic Physics Physically and visually measure total amount of water absorbed into the sample; Physically and visually measure Volume displacement of dry sample; Physically and visually measure Volume displacement of saturated sample. 3

4 New Test Requirements Normal absorptions are relatively small, so large amount of aggregate needs to be tested to allow accurate measurement of total absorbed water; Large waterproof bottom; Narrow, calibrated neck; Ability to add materials quickly without loss. Finding Equipment Checked existing glassware manufacturers and suppliers without success; Worked with specialty glass blowing company to construct a container meeting these requirements. 4

5 Develop Procedure How to add material When to take readings How to calculate results How to interpret results Characteristics Needed Absorption Bulk Dry Specific Gravity Bulk SSD Specific Gravity Apparent Specific Gravity 5

6 Lab Procedure Flask Aggregate Introduction of Water Observations & Measurements Calculations & Corrections Specialty Flask 6

7 Lab Procedure Documentation Initially, procedure was reviewed and evaluated by: FHWA Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C.; Heidelberg Technology Center in Atlanta, Georgia; Kansas Department of Transportation; New Mexico Department of Transportation (Allowed as alternative test method for all aggregates tested after July 1, 2006). 7

8 Placitas Fine Aggregate Absorption Comparison T-84 Absorption Phunque Absorption Materials Bureau (Santa Fe) NMDOT District 6 NMDOT District 2 Billingsley AMEC Turner- Fairbanks Heidelburg Tech Center Kansas DOT Phunque Absorption T-84 Absorption 8

9 Bulk SSD Specific Gravity for Placitas Fine Aggregate Materials Bureau (Santa Fe) NMDOT District 6 NMDOT District 2 Billingsley AMEC Turner- Fairbanks T-84 Bulk SSD Sp Gr Phunque Bulk SSD Sp GR Heidelburg Tech Center Kansas DOT Bulk Dry Specific Gravity for Placitas Fine Aggregate T-84 Bulk Dry Sp Gr Phunque Bulk Dry Sp GR 9

10 Apparent Specific Gravity for Placitas Fine Aggregate T-84 Apparent Sp Gr Phunque Apparent Sp GR The benefit of consistency in Superpave Asphalt Mixes was also considered: Volume determinations QC/QA Pay Factor Calculations 10

11 Specific Gravity & absorption by Volumetric Immersion Method Originally approved by AASHTO as TP 77 in 2009 This method was studied as a part of NCHRP 4 35 Testing of Specific Gravity and Absorption of Aggregates This study found that: This method applies to coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and combined aggregate This was the only method suitable for measuring combined aggregates; It is a relatively simple operation; This method is the most repeatable and reproducible of all the methods studied; This method is not affected by P200 or particle shape/angularity; The Initial Reading at 30 seconds is questionable. 11

12 Benefits related to this method Simplicity of test method; Not effected by which technician or laboratory performs the test; Not affected by fineness or coarseness of gradation; Not affected by particle shape; Can provide actual measurement of blended aggregates instead of requiring mathematical calculations; Method is sufficiently sensitive to quickly recognize changes in aggregate or pit characteristics. Concerns related to use of this method Test vessel made of glass is breakable and somewhat fragile (This issue has been mitigated by constructing flasks from Vacuum Grade heavy duty glass which is very difficult to break); Significant difference between direct result from this method and the result from T85 or T84; Initial reading at 0.5 minutes (30 seconds) felt to be too late; Existing specifications as well as HMA and PCC mix designs currently based on results from T85 and T84 would be seriously impacted if these results are directly substituted. 12

13 Evolutionary needs for this test Initial Reading must reflect true beginning water displacement before any water has been absorbed by any aggregate; Must be able to provide results that can be directly used in lieu of T84 or T85; Initial reading Not realistically possible to obtain initial reading more quickly than 30 seconds; Initial reading at 30 seconds allows air introduced by pouring dry aggregate sample into flask to escape before it can affect the reading; Water is being absorbed by initial dry particles immediately upon entering the water bath even though initial reading is not taken until after all particles have been submerged in water and 30 seconds has elapsed since the pouring of aggregate started. 13

14 Adjusted initial reading When actual readings are plotted on semi log graph with volume on the vertical scale and time on the logarithmic horizontal scale, the result is a virtual straight line. Logarithmic regression analysis provides a correlation coefficient typically significantly better than 0.9 confirming a very strong reliability. To calculate an adjusted Initial Reading, simply enter the desired Initial Time as the x variable and calculate the resulting displacement. 14

15 Calculation of adjusted initial reading From previous slide for Trial #1, the equation for the line is: y = * Ln(x) Substitute the desired time at which the Adjusted Initial Volume is desired (in this case assume it is desired to determine the Initial Reading at 0.01 minutes) y = * Ln(0.01) y = * ( ) y = y = (Initial Volume read at 30 seconds = ) Test results for this example AASHTO T85 Direct Result Adjusted Result Absorption: 1.52% 1.00% 1.55% Sp Gravity (Dry): Sp Gravity (SSD): Apparent Gravity:

16 All aggregate sources in new Mexico were tested and summarized in the following table 16

17 Typical aggregate types Limestone Sandstone Andesite Basalt Caliche Granite Feldspar Gneiss Monzonite Quartzite Rhyolite Shale Igneous 17

18 This data was plotted against a 1:1 line and the relationship determined Absorption T85 vs. Direct Results T85 vs. Adjusted to 0.10 minutes 18

19 T85 vs. Adjusted to 0.05 minutes Absorption T85 vs. Adjusted to 0.01 minutes Bulk specific gravity (dry) T85 vs. Direct Results T85 vs. Adjusted to 0.10 minutes 19

20 Bulk specific gravity (dry) T85 vs. Adjusted to 0.05 minutes T85 vs. Adjusted to 0.01 minutes Bulk specific gravity (ssd) T85 vs. Direct Results T85 vs. Adjusted to 0.10 minutes 20

21 T85 vs. Adjusted to 0.05 minutes Bulk specific gravity (ssd) T85 vs. Adjusted to 0.01 minutes Conclusions By using Initial Readings adjusted to 0.01 minutes, the relationship between T85 and the results using the Adjusted Initial Readings for all properties is approximately equal to or better than for the direct results determined from the procedure; Results calculated from Initial Readings adjusted to 0.01 minutes can be used directly in existing specifications and in the development of HMA and PCC mix designs. The correlation coefficient for the Absorption is lower because the inherent subjectivity of the test procedure profoundly effects accuracy, consistency and repeatability of T85. 21

22 Conclusions (Pg 2) Fine aggregates were not included in this evaluation due to the flawed assumptions and biased effects from this procedure on the resulting properties. Since the basic physics for this test remain the same regardless of particle size, the conclusions from the evaluation of the coarse aggregate can be applied to fine aggregate and to combined aggregates. TP 77 has been balloted and approved as a full Test: T??. 22

CE330L Student Lab Manual Mineral Aggregate Properties

CE330L Student Lab Manual Mineral Aggregate Properties Mineral Aggregate Properties Introduction In this lab module several characteristics of aggregates are determined. Tests will be conducted on both coarse and fine aggregates. The results of some of these

More information

Chapter 2. The Ideal Aggregate. Aggregates

Chapter 2. The Ideal Aggregate. Aggregates Chapter 2 Aggregates The Ideal Aggregate Strong and resists loads applied Chemically inert so it is not broken down by reactions with substances it comes in contact with Has a stable volume so that it

More information

Volumetric Tests. Overview

Volumetric Tests. Overview Volumetric Tests Qualified Aggregate Technician Overview Volumetrics Specific Gravity Different types Uses Density Why density? Unit Weight 62 What are Volumetrics? All matter has weight and occupies space

More information

Asphalt Mix Designer. Module 2 Physical Properties of Aggregate. Specification Year: July Release 4, July

Asphalt Mix Designer. Module 2 Physical Properties of Aggregate. Specification Year: July Release 4, July Specification Year: July 2005 Release 4, July 2005 2-1 The first step in the development of an HMA mix design is to identify the materials that will be used in the pavement. In Florida the asphalt binder

More information

BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY ROUND-ROBIN USING THE CORELOK VACUUM SEALING DEVICE

BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY ROUND-ROBIN USING THE CORELOK VACUUM SEALING DEVICE NCAT Report 02-11 BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY ROUND-ROBIN USING THE CORELOK VACUUM SEALING DEVICE By L. Allen Cooley, Jr. Brian D. Prowell Mohd Rosli Hainin M. Shane Buchanan Jason Harrington Mike Huner December

More information

COARSE VERSUS FINE-GRADED SUPERPAVE MIXTURES: COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE TO RUTTING

COARSE VERSUS FINE-GRADED SUPERPAVE MIXTURES: COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE TO RUTTING NCAT Report 02-02 COARSE VERSUS FINE-GRADED SUPERPAVE MIXTURES: COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE TO RUTTING By Prithvi S. Kandhal L. Allen Cooley, Jr. February 2002 277 Technology Parkway Auburn, AL

More information

EVALUATION OF VACUUM DRYING FOR DETERMINATION OF BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF HMA SAMPLES

EVALUATION OF VACUUM DRYING FOR DETERMINATION OF BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF HMA SAMPLES Cross and Pokhrel 1 EVALUATION OF VACUUM DRYING FOR DETERMINATION OF BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF HMA SAMPLES 6784 Equivalent Words by: Stephen A. Cross, Ph.D., P.E. Professor School of Civil and Environmental

More information

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Concrete Pavements

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Concrete Pavements Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Concrete Pavements Erwin Kohler Ramon Alvarado David Jones University of California Pavement Research Center TRB Annual Meeting, Washington D.C. January 24 th, 2007

More information

EFFECTS OF TEST VARIABILITY ON MIXTURE VOLUMETRICS AND MIX DESIGN VERIFICATION

EFFECTS OF TEST VARIABILITY ON MIXTURE VOLUMETRICS AND MIX DESIGN VERIFICATION EFFECTS OF TEST VARIABILITY ON MIXTURE VOLUMETRICS AND MIX DESIGN VERIFICATION Authors: Adam J. Hand 1 Amy L. Epps 2 December 1, 1999 Revised for Presentation and Publication 2000 Annual Meeting of the

More information

Aggregates for Concrete

Aggregates for Concrete Fine Aggregate Sand and/or crushed stone < 5 mm (0.2 in.) F.A. content usually 35% to 45% by mass or volume of total aggregate Coarse Aggregate Gravel and crushed stone 5 mm (0.2 in.) typically between

More information

Precision Estimates of Selected Volumetric Properties of HMA Using Non-Absorptive Aggregate

Precision Estimates of Selected Volumetric Properties of HMA Using Non-Absorptive Aggregate NCHRP Web Document 54 (Project D9-26): Contractor s Interim Report Precision Estimates of Selected Volumetric Properties of HMA Using Non-Absorptive Aggregate Prepared for: National Cooperative Highway

More information

Haleh Azari, Ph.D. AASHTO Materials Reference Laboratory HSOM Meeting, Aug. 2008

Haleh Azari, Ph.D. AASHTO Materials Reference Laboratory HSOM Meeting, Aug. 2008 Haleh Azari, Ph.D. AASHTO Materials Reference Laboratory HSOM Meeting, Aug. 2008 AMRL Research Program Mission Meet the Research and Standards Needs of the AASHTO Member States Outline Accomplished work

More information

ROUND ROBIN EVALUATION OF NEW TEST PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING THE BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF FINE AGGREGATE

ROUND ROBIN EVALUATION OF NEW TEST PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING THE BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF FINE AGGREGATE NCAT Report 05-07 ROUND ROBIN EVALUATION OF NEW TEST PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING THE BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF FINE AGGREGATE By B Brian D. Prowell Nolan V. Baker November 2005 277 Technology Parkway Auburn,

More information

SUPERPAVE VOLUMETRIC MIXTURE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS HANDBOOK

SUPERPAVE VOLUMETRIC MIXTURE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS HANDBOOK SUPERPAVE VOLUMETRIC MIXTURE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS HANDBOOK Volume III Laboratory Study Manual (2017) Developed by: & October 2016 Compiled by: Mustaque Hossain, Ph.D., P.E. Department of Civil Engineering

More information

DESIGN OF ULTRA-THIN BONDED HOT MIX WEARING COURSE (UTBHMWC) MIXTURES

DESIGN OF ULTRA-THIN BONDED HOT MIX WEARING COURSE (UTBHMWC) MIXTURES Test Procedure for DESIGN OF ULTRA-THIN BONDED HOT MIX WEARING COURSE TxDOT Designation: Tex-247-F Effective Date: August 2008 August 2016. 1. SCOPE 1.1 This test method determines the proper proportions

More information

WACEL AGGREGATE LABORATORY TESTING TECHNICIAN

WACEL AGGREGATE LABORATORY TESTING TECHNICIAN STUDY GUIDE WACEL AGGREGATE LABORATORY TESTING TECHNICIAN August 2016 Study Guide Aggregate Laboratory Testing General: An aggregate laboratory technician shall have sufficient training, education, and

More information

METHOD OF TEST FOR RELATIVE DENSITY AND ABSORPTION OF FINE AGGREGATE

METHOD OF TEST FOR RELATIVE DENSITY AND ABSORPTION OF FINE AGGREGATE Laboratory Testing Manual Date: 12 04 01 Page 1 of 10 METHOD OF TEST FOR RELATIVE DENSITY AND ABSORPTION OF FINE AGGREGATE 1. SCOPE 1.1 This method covers the determination of relative density (oven-dry

More information

Inclusion of the Dynamic Angle Validator (DAV) In AASHTO T AASHTO Subcommittee on Materials Branson, Missouri August 2002

Inclusion of the Dynamic Angle Validator (DAV) In AASHTO T AASHTO Subcommittee on Materials Branson, Missouri August 2002 Inclusion of the Dynamic Angle Validator (DAV) In AASHTO T 312-01 -03 AASHTO Subcommittee on Materials Branson, Missouri August 2002 TRB Superpave Committee Mix/Agg ETG - DAV Task Group Randy West (APAC)

More information

TESTING of AGGREGATES for CONCRETE

TESTING of AGGREGATES for CONCRETE TESTING of AGGREGATES for CONCRETE The properties of the aggregates affect both the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. It is crucial to know the properties of the aggregates to be used in the making

More information

TARGET AND TOLERANCE STUDY FOR THE ANGLE OF GYRATION USED IN THE SUPERPAVE GYRATORY COMPACTOR (SGC) By

TARGET AND TOLERANCE STUDY FOR THE ANGLE OF GYRATION USED IN THE SUPERPAVE GYRATORY COMPACTOR (SGC) By TARGET AND TOLERANCE STUDY FOR THE ANGLE OF GYRATION USED IN THE SUPERPAVE GYRATORY COMPACTOR (SGC) By Ghazi Al-Khateeb Senior Research Engineer Asphalt Pavement Team Federal Highway Administration Turner-Fairbank

More information

The Superpave System Filling the gaps.

The Superpave System Filling the gaps. The Superpave System Filling the gaps. John A. D Angelo Federal Highway Administration FHWA Binder lab Continuous support to the States: Training / Ruggedness / Development / Validation Trouble shooting

More information

2008 SEAUPG CONFERENCE-BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA

2008 SEAUPG CONFERENCE-BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA Introduction Overview M E E Design Inputs MEPDG Where are we now MEPDG Inputs, Outputs, and Sensitivity Southeast Asphalt User Producer Group Bill Vavrik 19 November 2008 2 Implementation Timeframe DARWin

More information

EXPERIMENT 3 DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND WATER ABSORPTION OF AGGREGATES

EXPERIMENT 3 DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND WATER ABSORPTION OF AGGREGATES COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT CE405 Construction Materials and Testing 1 st Semester SY 2016-2017 EXPERIMENT 3 DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND WATER ABSORPTION

More information

CEEN Laboratory 4 Aggregates for Base Layers, Portland Cement Concrete & Hot Mix Asphalt

CEEN Laboratory 4 Aggregates for Base Layers, Portland Cement Concrete & Hot Mix Asphalt CEEN 3320 - Laboratory 4 Aggregates for Base Layers, Portland Cement Concrete & Hot Mix Asphalt INTRODUCTION Civil Engineering projects utilize aggregates for a variety of purposes, including unbound base

More information

Relationships of HMA In-Place Air Voids, Lift Thickness, and Permeability Volume Two

Relationships of HMA In-Place Air Voids, Lift Thickness, and Permeability Volume Two NCHRP Web Document 68 (Project 9-27) Relationships of HMA In-Place Air Voids, Lift Thickness, and Permeability Volume Two Prepared for: National Cooperative Highway Research Program Submitted by: E. Ray

More information

Basic Aggregates Study Guide

Basic Aggregates Study Guide Basic Aggregates Study Guide General Conversions 1) There are pounds in one ton. 2) There are grams in one pound. 3) One kilogram consists of grams. 4) The linear distance that one station covers is feet.

More information

AF2903 Road Construction and Maintenance. Volumetric Analysis of Asphalt Mixtures

AF2903 Road Construction and Maintenance. Volumetric Analysis of Asphalt Mixtures AF2903 Road Construction and Maintenance Volumetric Analysis of Asphalt Mixtures Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, April 8 th 2014 Dr. Alvaro Guarin Highway and Railway Engineering Department of

More information

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION OF COARSE AGGREGATE FOP FOR AASHTO T 85

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION OF COARSE AGGREGATE FOP FOR AASHTO T 85 SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION OF COARSE AGGREGATE FOP FOR AASHTO T 85 Scope This procedure covers the determination of specific gravity and absorption of coarse aggregate in accordance with AASHTO T

More information

USE OF BBR TEST DATA TO ENHANCE THE ACCURACY OF G* -BASED WITCZAK MODEL PREDICTIONS

USE OF BBR TEST DATA TO ENHANCE THE ACCURACY OF G* -BASED WITCZAK MODEL PREDICTIONS USE OF BBR TEST DATA TO ENHANCE THE ACCURACY OF G* -BASED WITCZAK MODEL PREDICTIONS Mekdim T. Weldegiorgis * PhD. Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, University of New Mexico, USA * 1 University

More information

Flexible Pavement Design

Flexible Pavement Design Flexible Pavement Design The Mechanistic-Empirical Way Presented by: Keith D. Herbold, P.E. 1 Presentation Outline What s new in flexible design Example of new design Differences Capabilities Tests and

More information

Research Article SGC Tests for Influence of Material Composition on Compaction Characteristic of Asphalt Mixtures

Research Article SGC Tests for Influence of Material Composition on Compaction Characteristic of Asphalt Mixtures The Scientific World Journal Volume 2013, Article ID 735640, 10 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/735640 Research Article SGC Tests for Influence of Material Composition on Compaction Characteristic

More information

Engineering materials

Engineering materials 1 Engineering materials Lecture 9 Aggregates 2 Composition and structure Natural aggregates are derived from rocks. Classification: Igneous( 火成岩 ), sedimentary ( 沉積岩 ) and metamorphic ( 變質岩 ) Fine or coarse

More information

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION OF COARSE AGGREGATE FOP FOR AASHTO T 85

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION OF COARSE AGGREGATE FOP FOR AASHTO T 85 SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION OF COARSE AGGREGATE FOP FOR AASHTO T 85 Scope This procedure covers the determination of specific gravity and absorption of coarse aggregate in accordance with AASHTO T

More information

What is on the Horizon in HMA. John D AngeloD Federal Highway Administration

What is on the Horizon in HMA. John D AngeloD Federal Highway Administration What is on the Horizon in HMA John D AngeloD Federal Highway Administration Are they all the same? Internal Angle of Gyration Internal Angle of Gyration Development of the Dynamic Angle Validator (DAV)

More information

Commonwealth of Pennsylvania PA Test Method No. 709 Department of Transportation October Pages LABORATORY TESTING SECTION. Method of Test for

Commonwealth of Pennsylvania PA Test Method No. 709 Department of Transportation October Pages LABORATORY TESTING SECTION. Method of Test for Commonwealth of Pennsylvania PA Test Method No. 709 Department of Transportation 15 Pages LABORATORY TESTING SECTION Method of Test for EFFECTIVE ASPHALT CONTENT OF BITUMINOUS PAVING MIXTURES 1. SCOPE

More information

PRECISION OF HAMBURG WHEEL-TRACK TEST (AASHTO T 324)

PRECISION OF HAMBURG WHEEL-TRACK TEST (AASHTO T 324) PRECISION OF HAMBURG WHEEL-TRACK TEST (AASHTO T 324) By: Dr. Haleh Azari AASHTO Advanced Pavement Research Laboratory (AAPRL) Gaithersburg, Maryland and Alaeddin Mohseni, Ph.D., P.E. Pavement Systems (PaveSys)

More information

SIEVE ANALYSIS. Introduction

SIEVE ANALYSIS. Introduction SIEVE ANALYSIS Technology of Material II TKS 4012 Prepared by zacoeb@ub.ac.id Introduction A sieve analysis (or gradation test) is a practice or procedure used (commonly used in Civil Engineering) to assess

More information

2007 SEAUPG CONFERENCE-SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS

2007 SEAUPG CONFERENCE-SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS of HMA Mixtures to Prevent Fatigue Cracking in Flexible Pavements Fatigue Cracking NCHRP 9-38 Brian Prowell Ray Brown Photo courtesy of FHWA Flexible (Asphalt) Pavement Fatigue Top Down Fatigue Definition

More information

Of course the importance of these three problematics is affected by the local environmental conditions.

Of course the importance of these three problematics is affected by the local environmental conditions. SHRP METHOD/SUPERPAVE SYSTEM The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) of the U.S. National Research Centre deals with, amongst other things, road construction and between 1987 and 1993 new classification

More information

LAB 2 IDENTIFYING MATERIALS FOR MAKING SOILS: ROCK AND PARENT MATERIALS

LAB 2 IDENTIFYING MATERIALS FOR MAKING SOILS: ROCK AND PARENT MATERIALS LAB 2 IDENTIFYING MATERIALS FOR MAKING SOILS: ROCK AND PARENT MATERIALS Learning outcomes The student is able to: 1. understand and identify rocks 2. understand and identify parent materials 3. recognize

More information

EVALUATING GEORGIA S COMPACTION REQUIREMENTS FOR STONE MATRIX ASPHALT MIXTURES

EVALUATING GEORGIA S COMPACTION REQUIREMENTS FOR STONE MATRIX ASPHALT MIXTURES FINAL REPORT EVALUATING GEORGIA S COMPACTION REQUIREMENTS FOR STONE MATRIX ASPHALT MIXTURES By: Randy C. West Jason R. Moore June 2006 EVALUATING GEORGIA S COMPACTION REQUIREMENTS FOR STONE MATRIX ASPHALT

More information

Arizona Pavements and Materials Conference Phoenix, Arizona. November 15-16, John Siekmeier P.E. M.ASCE

Arizona Pavements and Materials Conference Phoenix, Arizona. November 15-16, John Siekmeier P.E. M.ASCE Arizona Pavements and Materials Conference Phoenix, Arizona November 15-16, 2017 John Siekmeier P.E. M.ASCE Minnesota DOT Districts and Local Agencies Other State DOTs, FHWA and NCHRP Contractors and Manufacturers

More information

OHD L-14 METHOD OF TEST FOR DETERMINING THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND UNIT WEIGHT OF COMPACTED BITUMINOUS MIXTURES

OHD L-14 METHOD OF TEST FOR DETERMINING THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND UNIT WEIGHT OF COMPACTED BITUMINOUS MIXTURES Page 1 METHOD OF TEST FOR DETERMINING THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND UNIT WEIGHT OF COMPACTED BITUMINOUS MIXTURES I. SCOPE. This method of test covers the procedures for determining the bulk specific gravity

More information

Haleh Azari, Ph.D. AASHTO Materials Reference Laboratory (AMRL) AASHTO Subcommittee on Materials Meeting August 2007

Haleh Azari, Ph.D. AASHTO Materials Reference Laboratory (AMRL) AASHTO Subcommittee on Materials Meeting August 2007 Haleh Azari, Ph.D. AASHTO Materials Reference Laboratory (AMRL) AASHTO Subcommittee on Materials Meeting August 2007 AMRL Research Program Mission Meet the Research and Standards Needs of the AASHTO Member

More information

Texas Transportation Institute The Texas A&M University System College Station, Texas

Texas Transportation Institute The Texas A&M University System College Station, Texas 1. Report No. FHWA/TX-04/0-1819-2 4. Title and Subtitle PRECISION STATISTICS FOR FREQUENCY SWEEP AT CONSTANT HEIGHT TEST 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. Technical Report Documentation

More information

Evaluation of Rutting Depth in Flexible Pavements by Using Finite Element Analysis and Local Empirical Model

Evaluation of Rutting Depth in Flexible Pavements by Using Finite Element Analysis and Local Empirical Model American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2012, 5 (2), 163-169 ISSN: 1941-7020 2014 Abed and Al-Azzawi, This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

More information

Rocks Reading this week: Ch. 2 and App. C Reading for next week: Ch. 3

Rocks Reading this week: Ch. 2 and App. C Reading for next week: Ch. 3 Reading this week: Ch. 2 and App. C Reading for next week: Ch. 3 I. Environmental significance II. Definition III. 3 major classes IV. The Rock Cycle V. Secondary classification VI. Additional sub-classes

More information

Rocks Environmental Significance. Rocks Reading this week: Ch. 2 and App. C Reading for next week: Ch. 3. Rocks Definition of a rock

Rocks Environmental Significance. Rocks Reading this week: Ch. 2 and App. C Reading for next week: Ch. 3. Rocks Definition of a rock Reading this week: Ch. 2 and App. C Reading for next week: Ch. 3 Environmental Significance I. Environmental significance II. Definition III. 3 major classes IV. The Rock Cycle V. Secondary classification

More information

SAND. By A S M Fahad Hossain Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering, AUST

SAND. By A S M Fahad Hossain Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering, AUST SAND By A S M Fahad Hossain Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering, AUST Definition Sand is a loose, fragmented, naturally-occurring material consisting of vary small particle (fine to medium

More information

Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide: A User s Perspective. Brian D. Prowell, Ph.D., P.E.

Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide: A User s Perspective. Brian D. Prowell, Ph.D., P.E. Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide: A User s Perspective Brian D. Prowell, Ph.D., P.E. Empirical Approach Based on results of experiments or experience Scientific basis not established AASHTO

More information

SURFACE RESISTIVITY TESTING PERMEABILITY: KANSAS DOT OF HARDENED CONCRETE ANDREW JENKINS RESEARCH OPERATIONS SUPERVISOR BUREAU OF RESEARCH

SURFACE RESISTIVITY TESTING PERMEABILITY: KANSAS DOT OF HARDENED CONCRETE ANDREW JENKINS RESEARCH OPERATIONS SUPERVISOR BUREAU OF RESEARCH SURFACE RESISTIVITY TESTING OF HARDENED CONCRETE PERMEABILITY: KANSAS DOT ANDREW JENKINS RESEARCH OPERATIONS SUPERVISOR BUREAU OF RESEARCH OUTLINE Current Practice (at time of study) Outline Project Discuss

More information

A NEW MINERALOGICAL APPROACH TO PREDICT THE COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION OF AGGREGATE AND CONCRETE

A NEW MINERALOGICAL APPROACH TO PREDICT THE COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION OF AGGREGATE AND CONCRETE A NEW MINERALOGICAL APPROACH TO PREDICT THE COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION OF AGGREGATE AND CONCRETE A Thesis by SIDDHARTH NEEKHRA Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University

More information

Dynamic Resilient Modulus and the Fatigue Properties of Superpave HMA Mixes used in the Base Layer of Kansas Flexible Pavements

Dynamic Resilient Modulus and the Fatigue Properties of Superpave HMA Mixes used in the Base Layer of Kansas Flexible Pavements 06-1012 Dynamic Resilient Modulus and the Fatigue Properties of Superpave HMA Mixes used in the Base Layer of Kansas Flexible Pavements by Stefan A. Romanoschi, Nicoleta Dumitru, Octavian Dumitru and Glenn

More information

Implementation of M-E PDG in Kansas

Implementation of M-E PDG in Kansas Implementation of M-E PDG in Kansas Mustaque Hossain, Ph.D.,P.E. Kansas State University 1 Projects related to the M-E Guide Implementation and Calibration Kansas HMA Fatigue and Stiffness Study Pool Fund

More information

12/11/17 Rock cycle = Igneous Rocks. LT: I can define and identify the three types of rocks and identify and describe the processes that form them.

12/11/17 Rock cycle = Igneous Rocks. LT: I can define and identify the three types of rocks and identify and describe the processes that form them. 12/11/17 Rock cycle = Igneous Rocks LT: I can define and identify the three types of rocks and identify and describe the processes that form them. Review: Sedimentary Rocks - Formed from sediments Compaction

More information

Determining the Rate Law and Activation Energy for the Methyl Blue Reaction:

Determining the Rate Law and Activation Energy for the Methyl Blue Reaction: Experiment 4 Determining the Rate Law and Activation Energy for the Methyl Blue Reaction: Pre-lab Assignment Before coming to lab: Read the lab thoroughly. An exercise in experimental design Answer the

More information

Nuclear Gauges and Cores HOW CAN WE GET THE BEST CONSISTENCY AND CORRELATION PERTAINING TO DENSITY?

Nuclear Gauges and Cores HOW CAN WE GET THE BEST CONSISTENCY AND CORRELATION PERTAINING TO DENSITY? Nuclear Gauges and Cores HOW CAN WE GET THE BEST CONSISTENCY AND CORRELATION PERTAINING TO DENSITY? Introduction Nuclear Gauge Performance can be associated with the operator, equipment s functionality,

More information

Rocks are made from Minerals

Rocks are made from Minerals Rocks and Minerals Rocks are made from Minerals Rocks are nothing more than a mixture of different mineral crystals. ***All three minerals are combined in a Granite rock Granite Quartz + Biotite + Feldspar

More information

Laboratory Study for Comparing Rutting Performance of Limestone and Basalt Superpave Asphalt Mixtures

Laboratory Study for Comparing Rutting Performance of Limestone and Basalt Superpave Asphalt Mixtures Laboratory Study for Comparing Rutting Performance of Limestone and Ghazi G. Al-Khateeb 1 ; Taisir S. Khedaywi 2 ; Turki I. Al-Suleiman Obaidat 3 ; and Ahmad Mirwais Najib 4 Abstract: The primary objective

More information

Workshop 4PBB First Steps for the perpetual pavement design: through the analysis of the fatigue life

Workshop 4PBB First Steps for the perpetual pavement design: through the analysis of the fatigue life Workshop 4PBB First Steps for the perpetual pavement design: through the analysis of the fatigue life N. Hernández & D. Suarez Introduction In Mexico, asphalt pavements often exhibit premature failures

More information

CIVE 2700: Civil Engineering Materials Fall Lab 2: Concrete. Ayebabomo Dambo

CIVE 2700: Civil Engineering Materials Fall Lab 2: Concrete. Ayebabomo Dambo CIVE 2700: Civil Engineering Materials Fall 2017 Lab 2: Concrete Ayebabomo Dambo Lab Date: 7th November, 2017 CARLETON UNIVERSITY ABSTRACT Concrete is a versatile construction material used in bridges,

More information

DYNAMIC MODULUS MASTER CURVE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERPAVE HMA CONTAINING VARIOUS POLYMER TYPES

DYNAMIC MODULUS MASTER CURVE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERPAVE HMA CONTAINING VARIOUS POLYMER TYPES DYNAMIC MODULUS MASTER CURVE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERPAVE HMA CONTAINING VARIOUS POLYMER TYPES Al-Hosain M. Ali 1, Mohamed S. Aazam 2, and Mohamed A. Alomran 3 1 Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering.

More information

SOIL MECHANICS SAB1713 DR. HETTY

SOIL MECHANICS SAB1713 DR. HETTY SOIL MECHANICS SAB1713 DR. HETTY INTRODUCTION SOIL MECHANICS -Concerned solely with soils -Concerned with the deformation and strength of bodies of soils -Concerned with the interaction of structures with

More information

Physical Geography Lab Activity #07

Physical Geography Lab Activity #07 Physical Geography Lab Activity #07 Due date Name Rocks & Minerals COR Objective 8 7.1. Introduction One part of being a physical geographer is having a basic knowledge of the rocks around us. In this

More information

2002 Design Guide Preparing for Implementation

2002 Design Guide Preparing for Implementation 2002 Preparing for Implementation By Monte Symons 2003 NCUAPG Annual Meeting Excerpts from the 2002 Guide Implementation Package 2002 Presentation Overview Need for NCHRP 1-37A - Status Guide Basics Asphalt

More information

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ISBN 978-0-626-30857-5 SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Particle and relative densities of aggregates WARNING This document references other documents normatively. Published by SABS Standards Division 1

More information

DETERMINATION OF PHOSPHORUS in ASPHALT BINDERS & in BINDERS RECOVERED from BITUMINOUS MIXTURES. By GERALD REINKE STACY GLIDDEN

DETERMINATION OF PHOSPHORUS in ASPHALT BINDERS & in BINDERS RECOVERED from BITUMINOUS MIXTURES. By GERALD REINKE STACY GLIDDEN DETERMINATION OF PHOSPHORUS in ASPHALT BINDERS & in BINDERS RECOVERED from BITUMINOUS MIXTURES By GERALD REINKE STACY GLIDDEN STEP ONE DEVELOPMENT OF EDXRF ANALYSIS PROCEDURE of ASPHALT to DETERMINE PHOSPHORUS

More information

Influence of Crushing Size of the Aggregates on Dense Bituminous Mix and Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties

Influence of Crushing Size of the Aggregates on Dense Bituminous Mix and Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties Influence of Crushing Size of the Aggregates on Dense Bituminous Mix and Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties Assistant Professor, Gogte Institute of Technology. Belagavi ABSTRACT The aggregate

More information

THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT

THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT Experiment 7B THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT Prepared by Ross S. Nord, Chemistry Department, Eastern Michigan University PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between the equilibrium

More information

Influence of Aggregate Flakiness on Dense Bituminous Macadam & Semi Dense Bituminous Concrete Mixes

Influence of Aggregate Flakiness on Dense Bituminous Macadam & Semi Dense Bituminous Concrete Mixes INDIAN GEOTECHNICAL SOCIETY CHENNAI CHAPTER Influence of Aggregate Flakiness on Dense Bituminous Macadam & Semi Dense Bituminous Concrete Mixes D. Sakthibalan 1 ABSTRACT: The physical properties of coarse

More information

ROCK IDENTIFICATION LAB

ROCK IDENTIFICATION LAB ROCK IDENTIFICATION LAB What type of rock is this? Where or how is it formed? Obsidian Extrusive Igneous Rock No crystals formed Glassy Very quick cooling molten rock (lava) What type of rock is this?

More information

The Use of Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate Lightweight Aggregates in Granular Geotechnical Fills

The Use of Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate Lightweight Aggregates in Granular Geotechnical Fills Information Sheet 6660.0 January 2017 The Use of Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate Lightweight Aggregates in Granular Geotechnical Fills For over 50 years Rotary Kiln produced Expanded Shale, Clay & Slate

More information

2.1. Accuracy, n- how close the indication of the thermometer is to the true value.

2.1. Accuracy, n- how close the indication of the thermometer is to the true value. AASHTO Accreditation Policy and Guidance on Thermometer Selection and Records Revised: January 25, 2018 Revision #: 0 1. Objective 1.1. The purpose of this document is to clearly define acceptance criteria

More information

Surface Processes on the Earth. Rocks, Weathering, Erosion and Soil

Surface Processes on the Earth. Rocks, Weathering, Erosion and Soil Surface Processes on the Earth Rocks, Weathering, Erosion and Soil ROCKS AND ROCK CYCLE Rock types Three main types of rock Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary Igneous Form when magma or lava cools and hardens

More information

Minerals. What are minerals and how do we classify them?

Minerals. What are minerals and how do we classify them? Minerals What are minerals and how do we classify them? 1 Minerals! Minerals are the ingredients needed to form the different types of rocks! Rock - is any naturally formed solid that is part of Earth

More information

Rock Identification Lab, 60 Points This is a BIG lab! Work carefully and thoroughly

Rock Identification Lab, 60 Points This is a BIG lab! Work carefully and thoroughly Rock Identification Lab, 60 Points This is a BIG lab! Work carefully and thoroughly Name: Date: Period: Lab Skills and Objectives 1. You will examine, classify, and identify several samples of igneous,

More information

SOILS/AGGREGATE TECHNICIAN REVIEW

SOILS/AGGREGATE TECHNICIAN REVIEW (8:00 to 4:00) SOILS/GGREGTE TECHNICIN REVIEW Intro TTI Safety Rounding Procedure Thursday RIZ 201 SHTO T 11 RIZ 210 SHTO T 19 RIZ 211 SHTO T 255 RIZ 212 RIZ 233 RIZ 236 RIZ 225 RIZ 245 SHTO T 89 SHTO

More information

Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D

Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D 1 Compared to felsic igneous rocks, mafic igneous rocks contain greater amounts of (1) white quartz (3) pink feldspar (2) aluminum (4) iron 2 The diagram below shows how a sample of the mineral mica breaks

More information

Evaluating success of diamond grinding to attain project noise reduction goal via system-wide OBSI study

Evaluating success of diamond grinding to attain project noise reduction goal via system-wide OBSI study Evaluating success of diamond grinding to attain project noise reduction goal via system-wide OBSI study J. Eric Cox Christopher Menge TRB ADC40 Summer Meeting 2013 Santa Fe, New Mexico Overview OBSI study

More information

TECHNICAL PAPER INVESTIGATION INTO THE VALIDATION OF THE SHELL FATIGUE TRANSFER FUNCTION

TECHNICAL PAPER INVESTIGATION INTO THE VALIDATION OF THE SHELL FATIGUE TRANSFER FUNCTION Authors: TECHNICAL PAPER INVESTIGATION INTO THE VALIDATION OF THE SHELL FATIGUE TRANSFER FUNCTION Anthony Stubbs (Presenter), BE(Hons), Masters student, University of Canterbury. aps49@student.canterbury.ac.nz.

More information

Flexible Pavement Analysis Considering Temperature Profile and Anisotropy Behavior in Hot Mix Ashalt Layer

Flexible Pavement Analysis Considering Temperature Profile and Anisotropy Behavior in Hot Mix Ashalt Layer Open Journal of Civil ngineering, 2011, 1, 7-12 doi:10.4236/ojce.2011.12002 Published Online December 2011 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojce) Flexible Pavement Analysis Considering Temperature Profile

More information

Performance-Based Mix Design

Performance-Based Mix Design Performance-Based Mix Design Y. Richard Kim North Carolina State University Presented to the Asphalt Mixture ETG Fall River, MA September 14, 216 Integration between PBMD and PRS Same test methods and

More information

Everything you ever wanted to know about HMA in 30 minutes. John D AngeloD The mouth

Everything you ever wanted to know about HMA in 30 minutes. John D AngeloD The mouth Everything you ever wanted to know about HMA in 30 minutes John D AngeloD The mouth Are they all the same? Background SHRP A-001 A Contract Development of Superpave Mix Design Procedure Gyratory Compactor

More information

Professional Agreement Invoice and Progress Report

Professional Agreement Invoice and Progress Report ITD 0771 (Rev. 10-06) itd.idaho.gov Professional Agreement Invoice and Progress Report Idaho Transportation Department This page must be filled out monthly by the Consultant and forwarded to the Agreement

More information

RATE LAW DETERMINATION OF CRYSTAL VIOLET HYDROXYLATION

RATE LAW DETERMINATION OF CRYSTAL VIOLET HYDROXYLATION Rate Law Determination of Crystal Violet Hydroxylation Revised 5/22/12 RATE LAW DETERMINATION OF CRYSTAL VIOLET HYDROXYLATION Adapted from "Chemistry with Computers" Vernier Software, Portland OR, 1997

More information

Rocks. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. The Rock Cycle. I. Rocks

Rocks. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. The Rock Cycle. I. Rocks Rocks Tarbuck Lutgens 3.1 The Rock Cycle 3.1 The Rock Cycle I. Rocks Rocks are any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter occurring naturally as part of our planet. Types of Rocks 1. Igneous rock

More information

Rock Definition Naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids is called rock. Such as quartz, feldspar and biotite minerals. There are basically three types of rocks- 1-Igneous

More information

COMPARING DIFFERENT PROCEDURES FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF THE BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY FOR COMPACTED HMA SAMPLES

COMPARING DIFFERENT PROCEDURES FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF THE BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY FOR COMPACTED HMA SAMPLES COMPARING DIFFERENT PROCEDURES FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF THE BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY FOR COMPACTED HMA SAMPLES Praticò F. G. Associate Professor DIMET Department Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria filippo.pratico@unirc.it

More information

ד"ר חנן גינת ד"ר ירון פינצי

דר חנן גינת דר ירון פינצי Geology The rock cycle Earth materials and their stories Experiments in the lab and working with rock kits (in school) Plate Tectonics The Dynamic Earth The story of fossils The Geological History of the

More information

RIPRAP ASSESSMENT VARIOUS SITES HWY 40 NEAR GRANDE CACHE, AB

RIPRAP ASSESSMENT VARIOUS SITES HWY 40 NEAR GRANDE CACHE, AB RIPRAP ASSESSMENT VARIOUS SITES HWY 40 NEAR GRANDE CACHE, AB Need for Riprap Increased traffic along Hwy 40 has generated a lot of construction projects to upgrade highway Lack of good quality heavy rock

More information

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Chapter 3 Rocks 3.1 The Rock Cycle Rocks Rocks are any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter occurring naturally as part of our planet. Types of Rocks

More information

GeoShanghai 2010 International Conference Paving Materials and Pavement Analysis

GeoShanghai 2010 International Conference Paving Materials and Pavement Analysis Particle Shape, Type and Amount of Fines, and Moisture Affecting Resilient Modulus Behavior of Unbound Aggregates Debakanta Mishra 1, Erol Tutumluer 2, M. ASCE, Yuanjie Xiao 3 1 Graduate Research Assistant,

More information

Igneous, Metamorphic & Sedimentary. Chapter 5 & Chapter 6

Igneous, Metamorphic & Sedimentary. Chapter 5 & Chapter 6 Igneous, Metamorphic & Sedimentary Chapter 5 & Chapter 6 Section 5.1 What are Igneous Rocks? Compare and contrast intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks. Describe the composition of magma Discuss the factors

More information

QAM-I-111 Operation and Calibration of the Conductivity Meter

QAM-I-111 Operation and Calibration of the Conductivity Meter 1.0 Applicability and Purpose i. This procedure applies to the operation and calibration of the YSI Model 3200 conductivity meter. This procedure is performed prior to any analysis using this meter. By

More information

CHEM 334 Quantitative Analysis Laboratory

CHEM 334 Quantitative Analysis Laboratory Calibration of Volumetric Glassware Introduction Volumetric glassware is a class of glass vessels that are calibrated to contain or deliver certain volumes of substances. Graduated cylinders, pipettes

More information

Chapter 2 Methods Based on the Absorption of Gamma-Ray Beams by Matter

Chapter 2 Methods Based on the Absorption of Gamma-Ray Beams by Matter Chapter 2 Methods Based on the Absorption of Gamma-Ray Beams by Matter Abstract Physical effects of a gamma-ray beam passing through matter as a basis for soil density determination is discussed. These

More information

Page 1. Name: 1) Which diagram best shows the grain size of some common sedimentary rocks?

Page 1. Name: 1) Which diagram best shows the grain size of some common sedimentary rocks? Name: 1) Which diagram best shows the grain size of some common sedimentary rocks? 1663-1 - Page 1 5) The flowchart below illustrates the change from melted rock to basalt. 2) Which processes most likely

More information

Rocks and The Rock Cycle

Rocks and The Rock Cycle Rocks and The Rock Cycle 3 Main Rock Types Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic 3 Main Rock Types Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic Igneous EXTRUSIVE Forms when lava cools quickly on the Earths surface Forms

More information

Effect of glass powder instead of mineral powder on asphalt mixture

Effect of glass powder instead of mineral powder on asphalt mixture 5th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Transportation (ICCET 2015) Effect of glass powder instead of mineral powder on asphalt mixture Binkai Tang 1, a *, Hengshan Wu1,b, Yiping Liao 1,c

More information

Version 1 Page 1 Barnard/George/Ward

Version 1 Page 1 Barnard/George/Ward The Great Mineral & Rock Test 1. Base your answer to the following question on the table below which provides information about the crystal sizes and the mineral compositions of four igneous rocks, A,

More information