3 What Happens When Chemicals Are Put Together?

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Brice Byrd
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1 1 COMBUSTION REACTIONS Write the balanced chemical equations for the combustion of the following fuels: propane, C H + 5O fi CO + 4H O butane, C 4 H / O fi 4CO + 5H O ethanol, C H 5 OH + O fi CO + H O decane, C 10 H + 1 / O fi 10CO + 11H O REACTION TERMS There are several terms used throughout this unit. Answer the questions with these terms: solid, liquid, gas, aqueous, reactants, products, subscripts, coefficients, oidation, reduction Consider the following balanced chemical equation: C H (g) + 5 O (g) CO (g) + 4 H O(l) 1. The in the equation is an eample of a subscript.. The 5 in the equation is an eample of a _ coefficient.. C H (g) and O (g) are called reactants. 4. The only liquid in the equation is H O _. Consider the following balanced chemical equation: Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl (aq) + H (g) 5. Which chemicals are dissolved in water? _ HCl(aq) and _ ZnCl (aq) _. 6. The change of Zn(s) Zn + (aq) is called _ oidation _ (oidation / reduction).

2 BALANCING EQUATIONS Balance the following equations: 1. 1C 4 H / O 4CO + 5H O or, 1,, 10. 1C 7 H 6 O + 15 / O 7CO + H O or, 15, 14, 6. 1P 4 O H O 4H PO 4 4. FeS + 11 / O 1Fe O + 4SO or 5, 11,, 5. NH + 5 / O NO + H O or 4, 5, 4, Fe + HCl 1H + 1FeCl 7. Al + Fe O 4 4Al O + 9Fe 4 CLASSIFYING REACTIONS For each of the following equations, classify the reaction as: C combusion DR double replacement SR single replacement S synthesis D decomposition DR ZnS + HCl ZnCl + H S SR HCl + Zn ZnCl + H S DR SR C H + O H O Ca(OH) + H PO 4 Ca (PO 4 ) + 6 H O Al + Fe O 4 4 Al O + 9 Fe C 5 H 1 + O 5 CO + 6 H O D H O H O + O S CaO + CO CaCO

3 5 PRECIPITATION REACTIONS Circle the compounds below that would be precipitates (compounds that do not dissolve in water): K Cr O 7 Fe(NO ) CuOH MgCO Ag PO 4 BaSO 4 PbCl CaCl Note: use the Solubility Chart to determine these. Write the balanced molecular equation given the following information: Ag + NO Na + CO Ag + CO Na + NO silver nitrate + sodium carbonate silver carbonate + sodium nitrate AgNO (aq) + Na CO (aq) fi Ag CO (s) + NaNO (aq) Balance compounds knowing the ions, write (aq) or (s) using the Solubility Chart, balance equation. Write the ionic equation from this molecular equation. Underline the spectator ions. Fe(NO ) (aq) + Ca(OH) (aq) Fe(OH) (s) + Ca(NO ) (aq) Fe + + 6NO + Ca + + 6OH fi Fe(OH) (s) + Ca + + 6NO Split the (aq) s into separate ions. Spectators are eactly the same as reactants and products. 6 IONIC COMPOUNDS Write the compound formed from these ions: # Cations Cation # Anions Anion Formula + NH 4 1 SO 4 (NH 4 ) SO 4 Fe + S Fe S 1 Cu + C H O Cu(C H O ) Determine the # of ions needed to make a neutral compound and then write the formula: # Cations Cation # Anions Anion Formula NH PO 4 1 Ba + NO Al + CO (NH 4 ) PO 4 Ba(NO ) Al (CO ) 1 Sr + OH Sr(OH)

4 7 NAMING ACIDS Write the formula of the acid formed from the following anions. anion acid formula anion acid formula anion acid formula Cl HCl SO 4 H SO 4 MnO 4 HMnO 4 OH H O (not acid) PO 4 H PO 4 F HF S H S C H O HC H O NO HNO Name the following acids: formula acid name formula acid name formula acid name HBr hydrobromic acid HI hydroiodic acid H CO carbonic acid HNO nitric acid H Cr O 7 chromic acid H S hydrosulfuric acid HC H O acetic acid HClO chloric acid H PO 4 phosphoric acid Given the anion, write the formula of the acid and then name it: anion formula acid name anion formula acid name S H S hydrosulfuric acid SO 4 H SO 4 sulfuric acid Cl HCl hydrochloric acid ClO HClO chloric acid NO HNO nitric acid F HF hydrofluoric acid C H O HC H O acetic acid CO H CO carbonic acid CHEMICAL MATH Consider the following balanced equation: C H (g) + 5 O (g) CO (g) + 4 H O(g) Molar Masses: g/mol 1. What mass of CO is formed when 100 grams of C H react? 100 g C H 1mol CH 45.01g C H mol CO 1 mol C H 44.01g CO 1 mole CO = 9. g CO. What volume (at STP) of O (g) is needed to completely react with 7.55 grams of C H? 7.55 g C H 1mol CH 45.01g C H 5 mol O 1 mol C H.4 L O 1mole O = 1.77 L O

5 9 NATURAL HISTORY OF AIRS Match the following ideas with the three gases: O oygen gas H hydrogen gas C carbon dioide gas O 1. formed from hydrogen peroide + yeast H. also called inflammable air C. formed from vinegar + chalk O 4. also called dephlogisticated air H 5. formed from hydrochloric acid + zinc Match these substances with their chemical formulas: B 10. chalk a) HCl C 11. limewater b) CaCO E 1. vinegar c) Ca(OH) A 1. hydrochloric acid d) H O D 14. hydrogen peroide e) HC H O C 6. also called fied air C 7. turns limewater cloudy H. pops with a burning splint O 9. glowing splint relights Notes about the lab: (or what was I supposed to learn from the lab) Dephlogisticated Air is oygen gas (O ) recipe: hydrogen peroide + yeast reaction: H O yeast H O + O test: glowing splint relights (because O supports combustion) Fied Air is carbon dioide gas (CO ) recipe: vinegar + chalk reaction: HC H O + CaCO H O + CO + Ca(C H O ) test: limewater turns cloudy (forms precipitate of CaCO ) Inflammable Air is hydrogen gas (H ) recipe: mossy zinc + hydrochloric acid (swimming pool acid or muriatic acid) reaction: Zn + HCl ZnCl + H test: burning splint pops (H burns creating heat that epands the gas quickly)

Name. Practice Test 2 Chemistry 111

Name. Practice Test 2 Chemistry 111 Name Practice Test 2 Chemistry 111 1) In the aqueous reaction of K 2 SO 4 (aq) + Ba(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) BaSO 4 (s) + 2KNO 3 (aq), which ions are the spectator ions? A) Ba 2+ 2- and SO 4 B) Ba 2+ and K + C) Ba