] after equilibrium has been established?

Transcription

1 Chemistry 1 Solubility Equilibrium onster Review 1. A saturated solution forms when a mol of salt is added to 10. L of water. The salt is A. Li S B. CuBr C. Zn( OH) ( ) D. NH CO 4. Consider the following equilibrium: ( ) + + Ca OH ( s) Ca ( aq) OH ( aq) Adding which of the following could cause the equilibrium [ Ca + to increase?. A. HO ( l) B. HCl ( aq) C. KOH ( s) ( ) ( s) D. Ca OH Consider the following solubility equilibrium: AgCl + ( s) Ag ( aq) + Cl ( aq) Which of the following graphs represents the [ Ag + after equilibrium has been established? A. B. [ Ag + [ Ag + time time C. D. [ Ag + [ Ag + time time

2 4. The concentrations of the cation and anion in ( NH4) CrO 7( aq ) are Cation Anion A B C D Which of the following will produce a solution with the highest [ OH? A. AgOH B. Sr( OH) C. Fe( OH) D. g( OH) When equal volumes of 0. 0 ZnSO and 0. 0 SrS are combined A. a precipitate does not form. B. a precipitate of only ZnS forms. C. a precipitate of only SrSO 4 forms. D. precipitates of both ZnS and SrSO 4 form. What is the concentration of Pb + in a saturated solution of Pb IO 4 ( )? A B C D Which of the following dissolves in water to form a molecular solution? A. KCl B. Na O C. NH4Br D. CH5OH 9. A saturated solution is formed by adding g PbI( s) to ml of water in a beaker. Describe the situation which exists in the beaker. (1 + A. [ Pb = [ I + B. moles PbI( s) = moles Pb ( aq) C. mass of PbI( s) = mass of PbI( aq) D. rate of crystalization = rate of dissociation

3 10. What is the concentration of barium ions in a L solution containing. 08g of BaCl? A B C D Which of the following salts has low solubility? A. gs B. ZnCl C. SrSO 4 D. AgNO 1. Consider the following solubility equilibrium: AgCl + ( s) Ag ( aq) + Cl ( aq) Some NaCl ( s) is added to the equilibrium. When equilibrium is reestablished, how have the ion concentrations changed from the original equilibrium? [ Ag + [ Cl A. decreased increased B. decreased decreased C. increased decreased D. increased increased 1. A precipitate forms when a 0. 0 solution containing an unknown cation is added to SO 4, but not when an equal volume is added to S. 0.0 unknown cation 0.0 unknown cation The unknown cation is 0.0 SO S A. Na + B. Ca + C. Pb + D. Zn +

4 The K sp expression for a saturated solution of Ni sp = [ + [ 4 sp = [ + [ 4 A. K Ni PO B. K Ni PO C. K Ni PO sp = + [ [ 4 sp = [ + [ 4 D. K Ni PO Consider the following equilibrium: ( PO ) is 4 BaSO + 4( ) Ba ( ) + SO s aq 4 aq Adding which of the following will cause more solid BaSO 4 to form? ( ) A. CaCl ( s) B. KCO( s) C. NaSO4( s) D. g( NO ) ( s) 16. Which of the following could not be used to represent solubility? A. g ml B. ml L C. mol L D. g min 17. The following three beakers each contain different volumes of a saturated solution of PbI and different masses of solid PbI : Beaker I Beaker II Beaker III What is the relationship for the Pb + A. I = II = III B. I > II > III C. II > III > I D. III > II > I [ in the solution in the three beakers?

5 The equation that describes the solubility equilibrium of Ag CrO 4 is A. Ag CrO + 4( s) Ag ( aq) + CrO4 ( aq) B. Ag CrO + 4( s) Ag ( aq) + CrO4 ( aq) C. AgCrO4( s) Ag( s) Cr( s) O( g) D. Ag CrO ( s) Ag ( aq) + Cr ( aq) + 4O ( aq) When ml of 0. 0 Zn NO ( ) is added to a 10. 0mL sample of 0. 0 unknown. Ca( NO ) is added to a solution, no precipitate forms. When the same volume of 0 0 separate ml sample of the unknown solution, a precipitate does form. ( marks) 0.0 Zn( NO ) 0.0 Ca( NO ) no precipitate forms precipitate forms The identity of the unknown solution could be 0. A. NaCl B. Na S C. NaSO4 D. NaCO The solubility of PbS is The value of K sp is A B C D At 5 C, which of the following compounds has a low solubility when added to water? A. FeS B. CuCl C. ZnSO 4 D. NH4CHCOO

6 .. Which of the following forms a molecular solution? A. KCl B. NaOH C. CHOH D. NH4CHCOO List the compounds AgI KBr and gco from lowest to highest., in order of solubility A. AgI, gco, KBr B. KBr, AgI, gco C. KBr, gco, AgI D. gco, AgI, KBr 4. Consider the following K sp expression: sp = + [ [ K Cu IO Which of the following does this equilibrium expression represent? A. CuIO ( ) + Cu ( ) + IO B. CuIO + ( ) Cu ( ) + IO C. CuIO + ( ) Cu ( ) + IO s aq aq ( ) s aq aq ( ) s aq ( aq) ( ) + + s aq aq D. Cu IO Cu IO ( ) ( ) ( ) 5. The solubility of NiCO is mol L. The K sp value is A B C D The [ Ag + in a saturated solution of AgBrO is A B C D

7 7. When solutions of AgNO and NaCl are combined, the Trial Ksp for AgCl is Predict what will be observed. A. a precipitate will form because Trial K < K B. a precipitate will form because Trial K > K C. a precipitate will not form because Trial K < K D. a precipitate will not form because Trial K > K sp sp sp sp sp sp sp sp 8. [ that can exist in a solution Calculate the maximum CO + without forming a precipitate when [ g = A B C D In a saturated solution of AgCO4, the [ Ag + = What is the solubility of AgCO4 in this solution? A B C D When equal volumes of 0. solutions are mixed, which of the following combinations forms a precipitate? A. CaS and Sr( OH) B. HSO4 and gcl ( ) C. NH4 SO4 and KCO D. HSO and NaCHCOO A solution contains 0. Zn + and 0. Sr +. An equal volume of a second solution was added, forming a precipitate with Sr + but not with Zn +. What is present in the second solution? A 0. Cl B. 0. OH C. 0. SO 4 D. 0. PO 4

8 .. The K sp expression for a saturated solution of Ba sp = + [ [ 4 sp = + [ [ 4 sp = + [ [ 4 sp = + [ [ 4 A. K Ba AsO B. K Ba AsO C. K Ba AsO D. K Ba AsO ( AsO ) is 4 The solubility of NiCO is g L. Determine the K sp value of NiCO. A B C D Calculate the solubility of PbSO 4. A B C D When a solution containing Ag + is mixed with a solution containing BrO, the trial ion product is determined to be What would be observed? A. A precipitate would form since trial ion product < Ksp. B. A precipitate would form since trial ion product > Ksp. C. A precipitate would not form since trial ion product < Ksp. D. A precipitate would not form since trial ion product > Ksp. 6. Which of the following will dissolve in water to form an ionic solution? A. O 7. B. CH 4 C. NH4Cl D. CHOH The solubility of SrCO is How many moles of dissolved solute are present in ml of saturated SrCO solution? A B C D mol mol mol mol

9 8. What are the ion concentrations in 0. 0 CuCl? [ Cu + [ Cl A B C D What is the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when equal volumes of 0. 0 Ba( NO) and 0. 0 NaSO 4 are mixed together? (1 + aq aq 4( s) A. Ba ( ) + SO4 ( ) BaSO + aq aq ( s) B. Na ( ) + NO ( ) NaNO ( ) + + C. Ba NO Na SO BaSO NaNO ( aq) 4( aq) 4( s) ( aq) aq aq aq aq 4 s aq aq D. Ba ( ) + NO ( ) + Na ( ) + SO4 ( ) BaSO ( ) + Na ( ) + NO ( ) 40. Consider the following equilibrium: AgIO + ( ) Ag ( ) + IO s aq aq A few crystals of NaIO are added to the above equilibrium. When equilibrium is reestablished, how do the new ion concentrations compare with the original equilibrium concentrations? [ Ag + [ IO A. decreased decreased B. decreased increased C. increased decreased D. increased increased ( ) 41. The K sp expression for Zn( OH) is sp = + [ [ sp = [ + [ sp = [ + [ sp = [ + [ A. K Zn OH B. K Zn OH C. K Zn OH D. K Zn OH

10 The solubility of CdCO is Calculate the K sp value for CdCO. A B C D At 5 C, what is the Cl A B.. 10 C D [ in a saturated solution of PbCl? In every solubility equilibrium, the rate of dissolving is A. equal to zero. B. equal to the rate of crystallization. C. less than the rate of crystallization. D. greater than the rate of crystallization A. 0 L solution of BaCl has a chloride ion concentration of The barium ion concentration in this solution is A B C D Which of the following has the lowest solubility? A. CaS B. CuS C. FeS D. gs 47. What is the formula equation for the reaction that occurs when equal volumes of 0. 0 KPO 4 and 0. 0 ZnCl are mixed together? + aq aq ( s) A. K ( ) + Cl ( ) KCl + aq aq 4 ( s) B. Zn ( ) PO4 ( ) Zn PO + ( ) C. K PO + ZnCl Zn ( PO ) + 6KCl 4( aq) ( aq) 4 ( s) ( aq) D. K PO + ZnCl Zn ( PO ) + 6KCl 4( aq) ( aq) 4 ( aq) ( s)

11 48. Which of the following could be added to a sample of hard water to remove both 0. Ca + and 0. g +? A. 0. S B. 0. Cl C. 0. OH D. 0. SO The K sp expression for a saturated solution of Ag SO is + sp = [ [ sp = + [ [ sp = + [ [ + sp = [ [ A. K Ag SO B. K Ag SO C. K Ag SO D. K Ag SO The solubility of CaF is Determine the K sp value of CaF. A B C D What is the maximum Ag + [ that can exist in a solution of NaIO? A B C D Which of the following could be used to express solubility? A. mol B. s C. g ml D. ml min When ml of a saturated solution of BaF is heated and all the water is evaporated, mol of solute remains. The solubility of BaF is A B C D

12 54. + A solution contains both 0. g ( aq) and 0. Sr ( aq). These ions can be removed separately through precipitation by adding equal volumes of 0. solutions of + A. OH, and then S B. Cl, and then OH C. CO, and then SO 4 D. SO, and then PO Consider the following equilibrium: CaSO + 4( ) Ca ( ) + SO s aq 4 aq Which of the following would shift the above equilibrium to the left? ( ) A. adding CaSO 4( s) 56. B. adding gso 4( s) + C. removing some Ca ( aq) D. removing some SO 4 ( aq) Calculate the solubility of CaC O 4. A B C D How many moles of dissolved solute are present in ml of a saturated SrCO solution? A mol B C D mol mol mol What happens when equal volumes of 0. AgNO and 0. NaCl are combined? A. A precipitate forms because the trial ion product > Ksp B. A precipitate forms because the trial ion product < Ksp C. No precipitate forms because the trial ion product > Ksp D. No precipitate forms because the trial ion product < Ksp

13 59. [ that can exist in 1 0 ( ) without forming a precipitate. Determine the maximum NaCO of Ba NO. L A B C D Solid Ba( OH) is added to water to prepare a saturated solution. Which of the following is true for this equilibrium system? A. [ anion= [ cation 61. B. trial K sp is less than K sp C. blue litmus paper would turn red D. the rate of dissolving = the rate of crystallization A saturated solution of PbI was subjected to a stress and the following graph was obtained. [I Concentration [Pb + t 1 Time Which stress was applied at time t 1? A. the addition of PbI B. a temperature change C. an increase in volume D. the evaporation of water 6. Which of the following would be true when equal volumes of 0. NaBr and 0. AgNO are combined? A. No precipitate forms. B. A precipitate of AgBr forms. C. A precipitate of NaNO forms. D. Precipitates of both NaNO and AgBr form.

14 Using the solubility table, determine which of the following ions could not be used to separate S from SO 4 by precipitation? A. Be + B. Ca + C. Ba + D. Sr + Which of the following is true when solid Na S is added to a saturated solution of CuS and equilibrium is reestablished? [ increases. [ increases. [ does not change. [ does not change. A. S B. Cu + C. S D. Cu + Which of the following describes the relationship between the solubility product constant K sp () of PbI? ( ) and the solubility s A. K sp = s B. K sp = 4s C. s = K sp 4 D. s = Ksp 66. Which of the following saturated solutions will have the lowest [ S? A. BaS B. CaS C. CuS D. ZnS 67. What is the solubility of SrF? A B C D

15 68. Which of the following is a suitable term for representing solubility? A. grams B. moles C. molarity D. millilitres per second 69. A saturated solution is prepared by dissolving a salt in water. Which of the following graphs could represent the ion concentrations as the temperature is changed? A. Concentration anion cation B. Concentration anion cation Time Time C. Concentration anion cation D. Concentration anion cation ( )? What is the concentration of OH ions in 50 ml of 0. 0 Sr OH A B C D Time What happens when ml of 0. KOH is added to ml of 0. CuSO 4? A. No precipitate forms. B. A precipitate of KSO4 forms. C. A precipitate of Cu OH ( ) forms. ( ) form. D. Precipitates of KSO4 and Cu OH Solid NaCl is added to a saturated AgCl solution. How have the Ag + changed when equilibrium has been reestablished? Time [ and [ Cl [ Ag + [ Cl A. increased increased B. decreased increased C. increased decreased D. decreased decreased

16 7. Which of the following expressions represents Fe + saturated Fe( OH) solution? [ in a A. B. C. K sp [ OH Ksp [ OH Ksp [ OH D. Ksp [ OH 74. What is the value of K sp for Zn( OH) if the solubility of Zn( OH) is equal to ? A B C D What is the maximum number of moles of Cl that can exist in ml of. 0 AgNO? A B C D ( )? What is the concentration of the ions in. 0 L of Al SO4 [ Al + [ SO 4 A B C D

17 77. Consider the following equilibrium: gco $ + ( s) g ( aq) + CO ( aq) Adding which of the following would cause the solid to dissolve? A. HCl B. K CO 78. C. gco D. g( NO ) Which of the following compounds could be used to prepare a solution with a S greater than 01 [.? A. ZnS B. PbS C. Ag S D. Rb S 79. Which of the following will not form a precipitate when mixed with an equal volume of 0. AgNO? A. 0. NaBr B. 0. NaIO C. 0. NaNO D. 0. NaBrO A solution is prepared containing both 0. OH and 0. PO 4 ions. An equal volume of a second solution is added in order to precipitate only one of these two anions. The second solution must contain which of the following? A. 0. Cs + B. 0. Zn + C. 0. Pb + D. 0. Sr + Consider the following equilibrium: CaS ' + ( s) Ca '( aq) + S ( aq) When Ca( NO ) ( aq ) is added to this solution, the equilibrium shifts to the A. left and S B. left and S C. right and S D. right and S [ increases. [ decreases. [ increases. [ decreases.

18 8. How many moles of Pb + are there in ml of a saturated solution of PbSO 4? A B C D Which of the following compounds is least soluble in water? A. CuI B. BeS C. CsOH D. AgBrO 84. Which of the following will dissolve to form a molecular solution? A. HSO4 B. AgNO C. Ca( OH) D. C6H1O6 85. Consider the following equilibrium: + s aq aq energy + AgCl $ ( ) Ag ( ) + Cl ( ) Addition of which of the following will increase the solubility of AgCl? A. heat B. HCl C. AgNO D. a catalyst 86. What is the Cl [ when 15 0 to make ml of solution?. g of NaCl is dissolved in enough water A B C.. 56 D.. 90