Physical States of Matter
|
|
- Darleen Quinn
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Intermolecular forces Chapter 5 Physical States of Matter Section 12.3 Physical States of Matter Three phases of matter solid Definite shape and volume solid liquid liquid Definite volume, shape of container gas Shape and volume of container Certain forces keep the molecules together in solids and liquids gas 1
2 Chapter 5 Physical States of Matter Physical States of Matter Physical state determined by the relative strength of cohesive and disruptive forces Cohesive forces Intramolecular forces Ion-Ion forces (ionic compounds) Ion-Dipole Forces Solvation/ydration Intermolecular forces Disruptive forces 2
3 Section 12.3 Dipole moment and boiling point Dipole-dipole forces For compounds of similar mass, the boiling point increases with increasing dipole moment Exists between polar molecules This is a fairly weak force except when one atom is hydrogen C C C 3
4 ydrogen bonding and boiling point ydrogen bond A particularly strong type of dipole-dipole interaction It exist between an electronegative atom and a hydrogen atom bonded to another electronegative atom. Molecules capable of hydrogen bonding It is an especially strong attractive force due to the small size and mass of hydrogen and the high electronegativity of oxygen Effect of hydrogen bonding 4
5 Which of the following molecules can form hydrogen bonding? C 3 C 2, C 3 C, and C 3 C Dipole-induced dipole force Exists between a non-polar compound and a polar compound Polarization: the process of inducing a dipole. Polarizability: the ease with which the electron cloud of an atom or a molecule can be distorted. Larger the molar mass, the greater the polarizability of the molecules Symmetrical distribution of electron clouds Symmetry is lost Rank the following molecules in the order of increasing polarizability Polarizability of atoms Cl 2, Br 2, and I 2 5
6 Induced dipole-induced dipole (London dispersion forces) Exists between non-polar molecules Very weak attractive force resulting from momentary (fleeting) distortions in electron distributions London Dispersion forces Why do LDF get stronger with increasing size? London Dispersion forces F 2, Cl 2, Br 2, I 2 Which halogen should have the largest dispersion forces and why? What is the impact? Symmetrical distribution of electron cloud At a given instant of time, there is an unsymmetrical distribution of electron clouds 6
7 Section 12.3 Summary for intermolecular forces Relative ranking intermolecular forces.which is the strongest force, which is the weakest force? Chapter Impact of IMF The relative strengths of IMF help explain. Physical states of matter Boiling temperaturet Solubility (miscibility) 7
8 Evaporation and Condensation Evaporation and Vaporization Vapor Pressure Evaporation or vaporization Molecules escape the surface of a liquid Vapor pressure Condensation Molecules strike and re-enter the surface of a liquid What does equilibrium mean? vaporization condensation Vapor pressure depends on strength th of cohesive forces 8
9 Vapor Pressure Vapor Pressure Vapor Pressure ydrogen bonds versus LDF Effect of Temperature Liquid Molecular weight (μ) Polarity Vapor pressure (torr) Why does T affect vapor pressure? Temperature ( o C) Vapor pressure of water (torr) Pentane 72 Nonpolar exane 86 Nonpolar eptane 100 Nonpolar 37.2 Ethanol 46 Polar (hydrogen bonds) Propanol 60 Polar (hydrogen bonds) Butanol 74 Polar (hydrogen bonds) 7.1 Water 18 Polar (hydrogen bonds) As T increases 9
10 Boiling and Boiling Point What happens to vapor pressure as temperature rises? Boiling Point Compare propanol, butane and acetone (58-60 amu). What IMF are possible? Another comparison Boiling Point Standard d or normal boiling point propanol butane acetone propane octane C 17 -ane 10
11 Boiling Point Chapter 13 Solubility Chapter 13 Miscibility Why does water have a high boiling point? Solubility A nice sounding but technically WRNG answer: Water has high boiling point because the bonds in water require a lot of energy to break. Therefore, a high temperature is needed to break the bonds and produce the gas. Miscibility Compounds with IMF of similar strength tend to be soluble like (IMF) dissolves like (IMF) 11
12 Chapter 13 Solubility *Expressed in mol alcohol/100g solvent at 20 C. Can you explain the data shown above? 12
Quick Review. 1. Hybridization. 2. Delocalization. 3. We will not be talking about Molecular Orbital Model.
Quick Review 1. ybridization. 2. Delocalization. 3. We will not be talking about Molecular Orbital Model. **OUR EXAM II IS TURSDAY April 2 nd at 7pm** *BQ5, BQ6 and BQM are in 66 Library *BQ1, BQ2, BQ3,
More informationRW Session ID = MSTCHEM1 Intermolecular Forces
RW Session ID = MSTCHEM1 Intermolecular Forces Sections 9.4, 11.3-11.4 Intermolecular Forces Attractive forces between molecules due to charges, partial charges, and temporary charges Higher charge, stronger
More informationSolids, Liquids and Gases
WHY? Why is water usually a liquid and not a gas? Why does liquid water boil at such a high temperature for such a small molecule? Why does ice float on water? Why do snowflakes have 6 sides? Why is I
More informationLiquids and Solids The Condensed States of Matter
Liquids and Solids The Condensed States of Matter AP Chemistry Ms. Grobsky Where We Have Been And Where We Are Going In the last few chapters, we saw that atoms can form stable units called molecules by
More informationName: Date: Period: #: BONDING & INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
BONDING & INTERMOLECULAR FORCES Page 1 INTERMOLECULAR FORCES Intermolecular forces (van der Waals forces) relative weak interactions that occur between molecules. Most of the physical properties of gases,
More informationLecture Presentation. Chapter 11. Liquids and Intermolecular Forces. John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO
Lecture Presentation Chapter 11 Liquids and Intermolecular Forces John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Properties of Gases, Liquids, and Solids State Volume Shape of State Density
More informationChap 10 Part 4Ta.notebook December 08, 2017
Chapter 10 Section 1 Intermolecular Forces the forces between molecules or between ions and molecules in the liquid or solid state Stronger Intermolecular forces cause higher melting points and boiling
More informationIntermolecular Forces I
I How does the arrangement of atoms differ in the 3 phases of matter (solid, liquid, gas)? Why doesn t ice just evaporate into a gas? Why does liquid water exist at all? There must be some force between
More informationLecture Presentation. Chapter 11. Liquids and Intermolecular Forces Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Presentation Chapter 11 Liquids and States of Matter The fundamental difference between states of matter is the strength of the intermolecular forces of attraction. Stronger forces bring molecules
More informationSolutions and Intermolecular Forces
Solutions and Intermolecular Forces REVIEW Chemical Bonds Three basic types of bonds: Ionic Electrostatic attraction between ions Covalent Sharing of electrons Metallic Metal atoms bonded to several other
More informationDipole-Dipole Interactions https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cerb1d6j4-m London Dispersion Forces https://www.youtube.com/watch?
CATALYST Lesson Plan GLE Physical Science 22. Predict the kind of bond that will form between two elements based on electronic structure and electronegativity of the elements (e.g., ionic, polar, nonpolar)
More information[8.5] Melting Points and Boiling Points of Solutions
[8.5] Melting Points and Boiling Points of Solutions Melting and Boiling Points We have talked about melting and boiling points earlier in the semester Now we are going to understand how intermolecular
More informationIntermolecular Forces and Phase Equilibria
Intermolecular Forces and Phase Equilibria Chemistry 36 Spring 2002 Intermolecular Forces What happens to gas phase molecules when subjected to increased pressure? Volume occupied by gas decreases (IGL)
More informationBromine liquid vapor equilibrium vapor pressure temperature intermolecular forces Presentation
Bromine liquid vapor equilibrium vapor pressure temperature intermolecular forces Presentation Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Oregon Eugene, Oregon 97403 USA Closed system vs Open
More informationCh. 11: Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
Ch. 11: Liquids and Intermolecular Forces Learning goals and key skills: Identify the intermolecular attractive interactions (dispersion, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding, ion-dipole) that exist between
More informationLondon Dispersion Forces (LDFs) Intermolecular Forces Attractions BETWEEN molecules. London Dispersion Forces (LDFs) London Dispersion Forces (LDFs)
LIQUIDS / SOLIDS / IMFs Intermolecular Forces (IMFs) Attractions BETWEEN molecules NOT within molecules NOT true bonds weaker attractions Represented by dashed lines Physical properties (melting points,
More informationCh. 9 Liquids and Solids
Intermolecular Forces I. A note about gases, liquids and gases. A. Gases: very disordered, particles move fast and are far apart. B. Liquid: disordered, particles are close together but can still move.
More informationliquids_solids_15dec2017_1st.notebook Liquids and solids Chapters 11 and 12
liquids_solids_15dec2017_1st.notebook December 15, 2017 Liquids and solids Chapters 11 and 12 Intermolecular forces Intermolecular: forces between molecules Intramolecular: within molecules (i.e. covalent)
More informationChemistry: The Central Science
Chemistry: The Central Science Fourteenth Edition Chapter 11 Liquids and Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular Forces The attractions between molecules are not nearly as strong as the intramolecular attractions
More informationChapter 11. Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
Chapter 11 Liquids and Intermolecular Forces States of Matter The three states of matter are 1) Solid Definite shape Definite volume 2) Liquid Indefinite shape Definite volume 3) Gas Indefinite shape Indefinite
More informationCh 9 Liquids & Solids (IMF) Masterson & Hurley
Ch 9 Liquids & Solids (IMF) Masterson & Hurley Intra- and Intermolecular AP Questions: 2005 Q. 7, 2005 (Form B) Q. 8, 2006 Q. 6, 2007 Q. 2 (d) and (c), Periodic Trends AP Questions: 2001 Q. 8, 2002 Q.
More informationIntermolecular Forces of Attraction
Name Unit Title: Covalent Bonding and Nomenclature Text Reference: Pages 189-193 Date Intermolecular Forces of Attraction Intramolecular vs. Intermolecular So far in our discussion of covalent bonding,
More informationLecture Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten
Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten Lecture 1101 John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville, MO Molecular Comparison
More informationChapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids
Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids Jeffrey Mack California State University, Sacramento Why? Why is water usually a liquid and not a gas? Why does liquid water boil at such a high temperature
More informationDIFFERENT TYPES OF INTEMOLECULAR FORCES INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTEMOLECULAR FORCES Do all the exercises in your studyguide COMPARISON OF THE THREE PHASES OF MATTER. Matter is anything that occupy space and has mass. There are three states of matter:
More informationPolarity. Q
Unit 6 Polarity Polarity Reflect: Hydrogen has a very low affinity for electrons, while oxygen has a very high affinity. What do you think the bond between the two is like? Polarity http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kj3o0xvhvq
More informationIntermolecular Forces
There are two kinds of forces involving molecules: a) Intramolecular forces b) Intermolecular forces The Intramolecular forces are the bonds between atoms in the molecule: Ionic, Polar covalent, covalent
More informationCHEMISTRY. Chapter 11 Intermolecular Forces Liquids and Solids
CHEMISTRY The Central Science 8 th Edition Chapter 11 Liquids and Solids Kozet YAPSAKLI States of Matter difference between states of matter is the distance between particles. In the solid and liquid states
More informationChapter 12. Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes
Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes There are attractive intermolecular in all solids, liquids (called condensed phases) and gases. Molecules are held together by attractive
More informationOne Q partial negative, the other partial negative Ø H- bonding particularly strong. Abby Carroll 2
Chemistry Notes v Polarity Experiment Ø Things involved Polarity Solubility Dispersion Ø Polarity Shaving cream has soap steric acid Water is polar Food coloring is polar/ionic because dissolved Like dissolves
More informationChapter 11 Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids. Intermolecular Forces
Chapter 11, Liquids, and Solids States of Matter The fundamental difference between states of matter is the distance between particles. States of Matter Because in the solid and liquid states particles
More informationWhen intermolecular forces are strong, the atoms, molecules, or ions are strongly attracted to each other, and draw closer together.
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES: THE FORCE BEHIND VARIOUS PROPERTIES WHY? Intermolecular forces are largely responsible for the properties of affinity, solubility, volatility, melting/ boiling point, and viscosity.
More informationChapter 12 Section 1
hapter 12 Section 1 Kinetic Molecular Description of Liquids and Solids Noncovalent Forces Intermolecular interactions Electrostatic Forces Dispersion Forces -bonding DNA, RNA Mary J. Bojan hem 110 1 What
More informationIntermolecular Forces
Intermolecular Forces Molecular Compounds The simplest molecule is H 2 : Increased electron density draws nuclei together The pair of shared electrons constitutes a covalent bond. Intermolecular Forces
More informationWhat determines whether a substance will be a solid, liquid, or gas? Thursday, April 24, 14
What determines whether a substance will be a solid, liquid, or gas? Answer: The attractive forces that exists between its particles. Answer: The attractive forces that exists between its particles. For
More informationChapter 10. Dipole Moments. Intermolecular Forces (IMF) Polar Bonds and Polar Molecules. Polar or Nonpolar Molecules?
Polar Bonds and Polar Molecules Chapter 10 Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes Draw Lewis Structures for CCl 4 and CH 3 Cl. What s the same? What s different? 1 Polar Covalent Bonds and Dipole Moments Bonds
More informationREADING. Review of Intermolecular Forces & Liquids (Chapter 12) Ion-Ion Forces. Ion-Dipole Energies
Review of Intermolecular Forces & Liquids (Chapter 12) CEM 102 T. ughbanks READIG We will very briefly review the underlying concepts from Chapters 12 on intermolecular forces since it is relevant to Chapter
More informationChapter #16 Liquids and Solids
Chapter #16 Liquids and Solids 16.1 Intermolecular Forces 16.2 The Liquid State 16.3 An Introduction to Structures and Types of Solids 16.4 Structure and Bonding of Metals 16.5 Carbon and Silicon: Network
More informationCHAPTER 6 Intermolecular Forces Attractions between Particles
CHAPTER 6 Intermolecular Forces Attractions between Particles Scientists are interested in how matter behaves under unusual circumstances. For example, before the space station could be built, fundamental
More informationa) ion-ion attractions b) London dispersion forces c) hydrogen bonding forces d) dipole-dipole attractions
Asgn #48: Intermolecular Forces Name Dec. 13, 2016 1. The intermolecular forces that are most significant in accounting for the high boiling point of liquid water relative to other substances of similar
More informationIntermolecular Forces in Solids, Liquids, and Gases What Do You See?
Section 2 Intermolecular Forces in Solids, Liquids, and Gases What Do You See? Learning Outcomes In this section you will Describe how the size and shape of molecules affect their physical state. Classify
More informationStates of Matter. Intermolecular Forces. The States of Matter. Intermolecular Forces. Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular Forces Have studied INTRAmolecular forces the forces holding atoms together to form compounds. Now turn to forces between molecules INTERmolecular forces. Forces between molecules, between
More informationIntermolecular Forces OR WHY IS WATER SPECIAL?
Intermolecular Forces OR WHY IS WATER SPECIAL? Define the prefixes Inter Between, as internet, interstate Intra Inside, as intramural Intermolecular Forces (2) Forces between covalent molecules These are
More informationForce Model Physical basis Energy (kj/ mole) Example
All course materials, including lectures, class notes, quizzes, exams, handouts, presentations, and other materials provided to students for this course are protected intellectual property. As such, the
More informationIntermolecular Forces, Liquids, & Solids
, Liquids, & Solids Mr. Matthew Totaro Legacy High School AP Chemistry States of Matter The fundamental difference between states of matter is the distance between particles. States of Matter Because in
More informationWhat factors affect whether something is a solid, liquid or gas? What actually happens (breaks) when you melt various types of solids?
States of Mattter What factors affect whether something is a solid, liquid or gas? What actually happens (breaks) when you melt various types of solids? What external factors affect whether something is
More informationPhase Change DIagram
States of Matter Phase Change DIagram Phase Change Temperature remains during a phase change. Water phase changes Phase Diagram What is a phase diagram? (phase diagram for water) Normal melting point:
More informationNestor S. Valera Ateneo de Manila. Chapter 12 - Intermolecular Forces
Nestor S. Valera Ateneo de Manila Chapter 12 - Intermolecular Forces 1 A phase is a region that differs in structure and/or composition from another region. 2 Phases Solid phase - ice Liquid phase - water
More informationIntermolecular forces: Background
Intermolecular forces: Background Electrostatics Up until now, we have just discussed attractions between molecules in the area of the covalent bond. Here, atoms within a molecule are attracted to one
More informationLiquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces or. Why your Water Evaporates and your Cheerios Don t. Why are molecules attracted to each other?
Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces or Why your Water Evaporates and your heerios Don t Why are molecules attracted to each other? 1 Intermolecular attractions determine how tightly liquids and
More informationUnit 10: Part 1: Polarity and Intermolecular Forces
Unit 10: Part 1: Polarity and Intermolecular Forces Name: Block: Intermolecular Forces of Attraction and Phase Changes Intramolecular Bonding: attractive forces that occur between atoms WITHIN a molecule;
More informationUNIT 14 IMFs, LIQUIDS, SOLIDS PACKET. Name: Date: Period: #: BONDING & INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
Name: Date: Period: #: BONDING & INTERMOLECULAR FORCES p. 1 Name: Date: Period: #: IMF NOTES van der Waals forces: weak attractive forces between molecules. There are 3 types: 1. London Dispersion Forces
More informationChapter 11 Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids
Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 11, Liquids, and Solids States of Matter The fundamental difference between states of
More informationChapter 11 Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids
Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 11, Liquids, and Solids John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville,
More informationWeek 8 Intermolecular Forces
NO CALCULATORS MAY BE USED FOR THESE QUESTIONS Questions 1-3 refer to the following list. (A) Cu (B) PH 3 (C) C (D) SO 2 (E) O 2 1. Contains instantaneous dipole moments. 2. Forms covalent network solids.
More informationCfE Higher Chemistry. Unit 1: Chemical Changes and Structure. Intermolecular forces
CfE Higher Chemistry Unit 1: Chemical Changes and Structure Intermolecular forces 05/09/2017 Van der Waal s Forces and London Dispersion Forces 05/09/2017 Learning Outcomes : I can explain the difference
More informationPOGIL: Intermolecular Forces and Boiling Points
Name Date Block POGIL: Intermolecular Forces and Boiling Points Model 1: Intermolecular Forces in Liquids and Gases Molecules attract each other, and the intermolecular force increases rapidly as the distance
More informationWhy does more NaCl dissolve in 100 g of water than in 100 g of gasoline? Chapter 10
I sometimes wonder (because I m a nerd). Why does more NaCl dissolve in 100 g of water than in 100 g of gasoline? Chapter 10 Why does 2O have a higher boiling point than hexane (C3C2C2C2C2C3)? Liquids,
More informationCHAPTER 3 HW SOLUTIONS: INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
APTER 3 W SLUTINS: INTERMLEULAR FRES ENERGY DIAGRAMS 1. Label and answer questions about the following energy diagram. Energy * I * I * small E a3 a. ow many steps are in the overall reaction? 3 b. Label
More informationUnit 4:Chemical Bonding Practice Packet
Name: KEY Unit 4:Chemical Bonding Practice Packet 1. I can state the three types of chemical bonds. 2. I can state the number of valence electrons that an atom attains to be most stable. 3. I can state
More informationIntermolecular forces
Intermolecular forces World of Chemistry, 2000 Updated: August 29, 2013 The attractions of molecules to each other are known as intermolecular forces to distinguish them from intramolecular forces, such
More informationSalt vs. Sugar. 1. Ionic Compounds. 2. Molecular Compounds (Cont.) 12/18/2014. What is this Compound You Speak Of? Sodium Chloride Dissolving in Water
Salt vs. Sugar Unit 7: Chemical Compounds & Formulas Lesson#7.1: Types of Compounds What is this Compound You Speak Of? Compound: Any substance that is formed by the chemical bonding of atoms. We classify
More informationSolids, liquids and gases
Solids, liquids and gases Solids, liquids, and gases are held together by intermolecular forces. Intermolecular forces occur between molecules, not within molecules (as in bonding). When a molecule changes
More informationQ. What happens when you boil (melt) a compound?
Intermolecular Forces (MHR Text p. 202 206) Molecular compounds are: 1) made up of molecules 2) are made up of two or more nonmetallic atoms 3) held together by covalent bonds (sharing e ) Q. But what
More informationChapter 11. Intermolecular forces. Chapter 11 1
Chapter 11 Intermolecular Attractions and the Properties of Liquids and Solids 1 2 Intermolecular forces Forces of attraction between molecules Directly dependent on the distance between the molecules
More informationChapter Intermolecular attractions
Chapter 11 11.2 Intermolecular attractions Intermolecular Attractions and the Properties of Liquids and Solids Intermolecular forces control the physical properties of the substance. Intramolecular forces
More informationINTERMOLECULAR FORCES: Polarity of Molecules. Seventh Course (General Chemistry) by Dr. Istadi
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES: Polarity of Molecules Seventh Course (General Chemistry) by Dr. Istadi 1 Types of Intermolecular Forces The nature of the phases and their changes are due primarily to forces among
More informationChapter 11. Freedom of Motion. Comparisons of the States of Matter. Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces
Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces Chapter 11 Comparisons of the States of Matter The solid and liquid states have a much higher density than the gas state The solid and liquid states have similar
More informationProfessor K. Intermolecular forces
Professor K Intermolecular forces We've studied chemical bonds which are INTRAmolecular forces... We now explore the forces between molecules, or INTERmolecular forces which you might rightly assume to
More informationChapter 11. Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
Chapter 11. Liquids and Intermolecular Forces 11.1 A Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids Gases are highly compressible and assume the shape and volume of their container. Gas molecules are
More informationKinetic Molecular Theory of Gases used to account for Ideal Gas Behavior when gases approach high temperatures and low pressures
LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases used to account for Ideal Gas Behavior when gases approach high temperatures and low pressures GASES are very different from solids and liquids. We
More informationLecture 15. Polar vs Non-Polar Substances. Professor Hicks Inorganic Chemistry II (CHE151)
Lecture 15 Professor icks Inorganic hemistry II (E151) Polar vs on-polar Substances Ionic compounds Molecules with significant dipole moments (from polar bonds) Molecules with little or no dipole moment,
More informationComparing Ionic and Covalent Compounds
Comparing Ionic and Covalent Compounds It takes energy to overcome the forces holding particles together. Thus, it takes energy to cause a substance to go from the liquid to the gaseous state. The boiling
More informationChapter 11 Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids
Chemistry, The Central Science, 11th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 11 Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community
More informationAdvanced Chemistry Liquid & Solids Test
Advanced Chemistry Liquid & Solids Test Name: Multiple Choice 1) Which one of the following statements about liquids and solids is generally false? a) The rate of diffusion is lower in solids b) The density
More informationChapter 11. Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids
Chapter 11. Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids A Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids Physical properties of substances are understood in terms of kinetic-molecular theory: Gases
More informationPolar Bonds and Molecules
Chemistry 1 of 33 Snow covers approximately 23 percent of Earth s surface. Each individual snowflake is formed from as many as 100 snow crystals. The polar bonds in water molecules influence the distinctive
More informationIntermolecular Forces & Condensed Phases
Intermolecular Forces & Condensed Phases CHEM 107 T. Hughbanks READING We will discuss some of Chapter 5 that we skipped earlier (Van der Waals equation, pp. 145-8), but this is just a segue into intermolecular
More informationChapter 11 SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 11 SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES States of Matter Because in the solid and liquid states particles are closer together, we refer to them as. The States of Matter The state of matter a substance is
More informationChapters 11 and 12: Intermolecular Forces of Liquids and Solids
1 Chapters 11 and 12: Intermolecular Forces of Liquids and Solids 11.1 A Molecular Comparison of Liquids and Solids The state of matter (Gas, liquid or solid) at a particular temperature and pressure depends
More informationPHASE CHANGES. * melting * boiling * sublimation. * freezing * condensation * deposition. vs.
PHASE CHANGES endothermic * melting * boiling * sublimation vs. vs. exothermic * freezing * condensation * deposition H enthalpy: heat content of a system under constant pressure HEATING CURVE: Where is
More informationNo Brain Too Small CHEMISTRY AS91390 Demonstrate understanding of thermochemical principles and the properties of particles and substances
COLLATED QUESTIONS Attractive forces between atoms, ions, and molecules. These will include ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and intermolecular attractions due to temporary dipoles and permanent dipoles (including
More informationIntermolecular Forces of Attraction. Attractive forces that cause atoms or molecules to stick together
Intermolecular Forces of Attraction Attractive forces that cause atoms or molecules to stick together Types of IMF s 1. London (dispersion) forces all molecules weakest interaction 2. dipole-dipole forces
More informationIonic Compounds and Ionic Bonding
Ionic Compounds and Ionic Bonding Definitions Review: Crystal Lattice - 3D continuous repeating pattern of positive and negative ions in an ionic solid Formula Unit- smallest possible neutral unit of an
More informationUnit Five: Intermolecular Forces MC Question Practice April 14, 2017
Unit Five: Intermolecular Forces Name MC Question Practice April 14, 2017 1. Which of the following should have the highest surface tension at a given temperature? 2. The triple point of compound X occurs
More informationAs we ended the lectures on gases, we were introduced to an idea that serves as foundation for the material in this lecture:
LECTURE 16. INTRODUCTION TO INTERMOLECULAR FORCES As we ended the lectures on gases, we were introduced to an idea that serves as foundation for the material in this lecture: As we were introduced to ideal
More informationChemistry: A Molecular Approach, 1 st Ed. Nivaldo Tro
hemistry: A Molecular Approach, 1 st Ed. Nivaldo Tro Roy Kennedy Massachusetts Bay ommunity ollege Wellesley ills, MA 2008, Prentice all omparisons of the States of Matter the solid and liquid states have
More information2.26 Intermolecular Forces
2.26 Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular forces are the relatively weak forces that exist between molecules. These govern the physical properties such as boiling point, melting point, solubility in solvents
More informationChapter 14. Liquids and Solids
Chapter 14 Liquids and Solids Section 14.1 Water and Its Phase Changes Reviewing What We Know Gases Low density Highly compressible Fill container Solids High density Slightly compressible Rigid (keeps
More informationChapter 2 Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules. Advanced Bonding: Review
hapter 2 Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules hemistry 231 Organic hemistry I Fall 2007 Advanced Bonding: Review Atomic Quantum Mechanics cannot explain how molecules like 4 form: Valence Bond
More information11.1 Intermolecular Forces Keeping Matter Together
11.1 Intermolecular Forces Keeping Matter Together Nature s Forces Dr. Fred Omega Garces Chemistry 201 Miramar College 1 Intermolecular Forces Keeping Matter Together Phases of Matter: Terminology Energy
More informationFor the following intermolecular forces:
Lecturenotes 1 unit6_review_exercise_2017.odt Lecturenotes 2 unit6_review_exercise_2017.odt Lecturenotes 3 unit6_review_exercise_2017.odt Lecturenotes 4 unit6_review_exercise_2017.odt Answers: 1. Ionic
More informationChapter 14. Liquids and Solids
Chapter 14 Liquids and Solids Review Solid - Has a definite (fixed) shape and volume (cannot flow). Liquid - Definite volume but takes the shape of its container (flows). Gas Has neither fixed shape nor
More informationChapter 11 Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids
Surveying the Chapter: Page 442 Chapter 11 Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids We begin with a brief comparison of solids, liquids, and gases from a molecular perspective, which reveals the important
More informationIntermolecular forces Liquids and Solids
Intermolecular forces Liquids and Solids Chapter objectives Understand the three intermolecular forces in pure liquid in relation to molecular structure/polarity Understand the physical properties of liquids
More informationState the two factors required for successful collisions to occur. Activation energy and correct collision geometry
1 State the two factors required for successful collisions to occur Activation energy and correct collision geometry 2 State the definition of activation energy The minimum kinetic energy for successful
More informationPOGIL 7 KEY Intermolecular Forces
Honors Chem Block Name POGIL 7 KEY Intermolecular Forces In chemistry we talk a lot about properties of substances, since the object of chemistry is substances and their properties. After learning different
More informationIntermolecular Forces
Intermolecular Forces 5/14/12 Do now: find a piece of metal at your table and describe three properties about it Work on bonding types Homework: work on pg 209 1-7 Due Wednesday Blazertime: finish organic
More informationIntermolecular forces are classified into four major types.
Intermolecular forces are classified into four major types. 1. Ion-dipole: IMF s that occur between neighboring an ion solution and a polar molecule (dipole) also in solution. Na+ 2. Dipole-dipole: IMF
More informationStep 1: Solute particles must separate from each other. Since energy must be absorbed to overcome the forces of attraction between solute particles,
Step 1: Solute particles must separate from each other. Since energy must be absorbed to overcome the forces of attraction between solute particles, this process is endothermic. Step 2: Solvent particles
More information