Formation of p-coupled organic wire on the Si(0 0 1)[2 1] surface

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Formation of p-coupled organic wire on the Si(0 0 1)[2 1] surface"

Transcription

1 Chemical Physics Letters 400 (2004) Formation of p-coupled organic wire on the (0 0 1)[2 1] surface Alain Rochefort *, Alexandre Beausoleil Département de génie Physique and Regroupement québécois sur les matériaux de pointe (RQMP), École Polytechnique de Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ., Centre-ville, Montréal, Qué., Canada 3C 3A7 Received 30 July 2004; in final form 29 October 2004 Abstract The stability and electronic properties of highly packed 1-hexyl-naphthalene (Nap) molecular wire on (0 0 1) have been studied with first principles DFT method. Nap assembles into a 1D arrangement on the (0 0 1)[2 1] surface on which molcules adopt a commensurate structure along a dimer row with an intermolecular distance of 3.8 Å. Nap is attached to the surface through the hexyl chain, and stands normal to the surface. This highly packed structure leads to the formation of delocalized p-orbitals over the entire wire but essentially localized on the naphthalene counterpart, and well separated from the surface states. Cohesion energy within the wire arises from a significant attraction between hexyl chains, and to a weaker stabilizing p p interaction between naphthalenes. Ó 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Future development of high performance organic electronic component such as transistor is strongly dependant on our understanding and control of p-electron overlap in conjugated molecules or polymers that is responsible for electrical conduction. Typical organic electronic materials are usually characterized by weak p-overlap, and hence lead to a rather low carrier mobility (<1 cm 2 /Vs) material. After improving intermolecular p-overlap by exploiting different molecular configurations [1,2] and self-assembling characteristics through a judicius choice of functionnal groups [3,4], one can expect a radical change in transport regime from slow polaronic to fast band-transport [1,2,5]. The more direct route to improve p-overlap in organic crystals such as oligophenylene compounds [6,7] or other type of conjugated polymers [8] consists in applying high pressure conditions (5 GPa) on the materials. * Corresponding author. Fax: addresses: alain.rochefort@polymtl.ca (A. Rochefort), alexandre.beausoleil@polymtl.ca (A. Beausoleil). Another possibility is by choosing appropriate substituents on the molecules to help molecular units to closely stack through intermolecular bonds such as hydrogen bonding [3,4]. On the other hand, there is few experimental examples of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on surfaces where significant p p interaction has been directly demonstrated, [9] but there are several others in which its presence was mentionned or proposed [10,11]. Most of recent experiments on SAMs were focusing on the thiols/au system for which one has to compromise between the strength of the molecular adhesion on the surface via the S anchoring group, and the ability of an ensemble of molecules to form a large and well-ordered domain [12 14]. Other specific efforts on the growth of SAMs on semiconducting single-crystal [10,15 20] were attempting to form strong covalent bonding between an organic molecule and the surface. Straight lines of grafted styrene molecule were successfully prepared along the dimer row direction of the (0 0 1)[2 1] surface [10]. These molecular lines were made of more than 30 styrene molecules well-separated by 3.8 Å, which corresponds to the distance between dimer on the hydrogen-terminated /$ - see front matter Ó 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi: /j.cplett

2 348 A. Rochefort, A. Beausoleil / Chemical Physics Letters 400 (2004) (0 01)[2 1] surface. This self-directed growth approach produces a closely packed and well-defined molecular assembly that should favor a significant p- overlap between conjugated molecules. In this study, we present the results of first principles DFT-LSD calculations on the structural and electronic properties of 1-hexyl naphthalene (Nap) assembled on the (0 01)[2 1] surface. The main interest in Nap molecule for potential electrical transport applications is the presence of the C 6 alkyl chain that should allow to electronically isolate the p-rich naphthalene (Nap) fragment from low binding energy states of the cluster. For the case of stacked Nap molecule in an ordered 1D structure, we are anticipating to create a p-resonant intermolecular channel near Fermi energy which is essentially localized in the Nap region, and where band conduction or resonant tunneling can efficiently take place. 2. Computational details The electronic structure calculations were performed with the density functional theory (DFT) NwChem [21,22] software package within Local Spin Density (LSD) approximation. The Vosk Wilk Nusair (VWN) potential [23], which is thought to represent the LSD limit, has been used. This VWN potential within DFT formalism was shown to provide an accurate description of physical properties of complexes containing a mixture of organic and metallic species [24]. We used standard all-electron double-f basis sets for carbon, silicon and hydrogen atoms. During the geometry optimization, the adsorbed organic fragments were fully optimized while the structure of the remaining silicon cluster which modeled the -terminated (001)[2 1] surface was fixed. Density of states (DOS) plots were generated by convoluting the computed electronic structure with a 50:50 combination of Gaussian and Lorentzian functions. In order to analyze the nature of the energy bands, we performed projection on the density of states where each molecular orbital was weighted by the contribution obtained from a Mulliken analysis for a specific fragment of the complex. 3. Results and discussion 3.1. Structural properties Typical optimized cluster models obtained from the study of molecular wire formation are shown in Fig. 1, where two 1-hexyl-naphthalene (Nap) molecules form C covalent bonds along the dimer row direction of the reconstructed (0 0 1)[2 1] surface. In this study, we considered molecular assemblies made of one, two and four Nap molecular units. As shown in Fig. 1, Nap molecules adopt an upright conformation where the alkyl chain is practically normal to the surface. The calculated geometry is consistent with previous works on hydrocarbons adsorption on surfaces where the tilt angle of alkyl chains from the surface normal strongly depends on the orientation of surface dangling bonds or terminal hydrogen atoms [10,15,16]. In general, the geometry of the alkyl chain tends to respect the sp 3 coordination of surface atoms to form a C covalent bond in a similar orientation than the bond. Fig. 1. Typical molecular models of optimized complexes in which two 1-hexyl naphthalene molecules are adsorbed on a (001)[2 1] surface. Model 2 represents a perfectly aligned arrangement while in model 2 0, one of the molecule is rotated by 180.

3 A. Rochefort, A. Beausoleil / Chemical Physics Letters 400 (2004) In addition, the interplanar distance between face-toface aromatic rings is similar to the separation between two dimer rows, i.e., 3.8 Å. This result is in good agreement with previous work on the self-directed growth of styrene on (1 00) surface [10]. An important consequence of such a molecular alignment of the aromatic rings is the resulting short distance between hexyl chains where the shortest C C distance is 3.8 Å. This intermolecular distance is similar to the interchain distances reported for solid state hexane and other alkanes [25]. Furthermore, the close proximity of Nap units we found on surface also suggests that an additional energy could contribute to the attractive energy that is related to the existence of p p interaction between aromatic naphthlene fragments. Fig. 2 shows different dissociation energies (D e ) for the first and second R bond where R is Nap or for complexes containing one (1) ortwo(2, 2 0 ) molecular units. The dissociation paths A and C give energies for homolytic bond breaking where the final products are doublet states, while the path B considers the dissociation into an alkene and the -saturated cluster. In complex 1, a single Nap molecule is bonded to the surface, and the dissociation energy for homolytic C bond breaking is relatively high, i.e., 3.61 ev (83 kcal/ A B C D e (ev) 3.61 (1) 3.88, 3.75 (2) 3.78, 3.75 (2') 1.82 (1) 2.13, 1.84 (2) 2.03, 1.84 (2') 3.64, 3.79 Fig. 2. Dissociation energies (D e ) and path (A, B, C) for the dissociation of the first and second R bond where R is Nap (A, B) or (C). The complexes containing one and two Nap molecules are identified by 1 and 2 (2 0 ), respectively. mol). Surprisingly, this value is in the same range as the energy needed to remove an hydrogen atom from a similar site on the surface, i.e., 3.64 ev (84 kcal/ mol). Considering the usual overestimation of D e within DFT-LDA limits, this last value agrees well with reported bond dissociation enthalpies of -based compound [26]. The fact that dissociation energy for Nap and is quite similar suggests that the two dissociation processes should compete. On the other hand, the calculated energy difference between path B and A is around 1.8 ev, and clearly indicates that the dissociation of the bond would constitute the more energetically demanding process and possibly the limiting step in the reaction. The more interesting results occur with molecular wires made of at least two Nap units. Following path A for complex 2, the dissociation energy for the first Nap unit is 3.88 ev (90 kcal/mol), and the value of D e slightly decreases to 3.75 (86 kcal/mol) for the remaining Nap molecule neighboring a dangling bond. A similar trend is observed for the dissociation path B. ence, the presence of a second Nap molecule improves the stability of the first Nap by 0.27 ev (6 kcal/mol). This improved stability or cohesion energy is related to an attractive intermolecular interaction. In order to quantify the different energy involved, we have calculated the energy associated to two isolated hexane molecules in a configuration similar to the complex 2 of Fig. 1. We found an attractive energy of 0.19 ev (5 kcal/mol) between two parallel C 6 hexane chains. ence, this gives a remaining attractive p p interaction of approximately ( ) ev = 0.08 ev (2 kcal/mol). This additional cohesion energy [27] induced by p p interaction agrees well with the MP2 calculated binding energies of naphthalene or benzene dimers [28]. This improved stability through p p stacking is nicely supported by the results obtained for complex 2 0 where one of the Nap units was rotated by 180 around the normal axis (see Fig. 1). Even if the complex is significantly stable in this specific geometry, the p p overlap is clearly smaller than when Nap units are perfectly stacked as in complex 2. Consequently, the energy needed to remove the first Nap molecule, 3.78 ev, is smaller than when p p overlap is maximized such as in complex 2, i.e., 3.88 ev. It is also interesting to note that the dangling bond tends to stabilize Nap on the surface. For example, D e of the second Nap unit in complex 2, 3.75 ev (86 kcal/mol), is slightly higher than when the dangling bond is saturated with hydrogen, 3.61 ev (83 kcal/mol), such as in complex 1. This last observation with dangling bond is also valid for bond dissociation, where D e for the second hydrogen (3.79 ev) is slightly higher than for the first hydrogen atom (3.64 ev). Finally, the results obtained on a four (4) Nap units wire show similar structural properties such as a com-

4 350 A. Rochefort, A. Beausoleil / Chemical Physics Letters 400 (2004) mensurate structure of Nap molecules along the dimer row direction on the (001) surface, and is characterized by a relatively short interplanar distance of 3.8 Å. nce we have limited our study to final products, the energetics of the entire surface reaction path involving a chain reaction from the adsorption of the insaturated molecule, followed by hydrogen abstraction to complete the coordination of the adsorbate and to create the next dangling bond need to be elucidated. Nevertheless, once Nap is assembled on the (001) surface, it forms a quite stable low dimensional structure in which the molecular units are closely packed and where we observe a significant delocalization of frontier p p* orbitals through p-coupling. DOS (states/ev) VB E F PDOS Nap/ CB Energy (ev) total DOS isolated Nap 3.2. Electronic properties We have previously shown that a substantial dispersion of valence (p) and conduction (p*) bands occurs for arenes-assembled wires in which the interplanar distance is in the range of Å [5]. For short interplanar distances, the transport property between units of the molecular assembly (lateral transport) was theoretically predicted to show a drastic transition from a low mobility polaronic transport to an efficient band transport regime. The formation of well delocalized wavefunction in the vicinity of the band gap is clearly responsible of this regime transition. In the following section, we emphasize the variation of electronic properties of the molecular wire as a function of the number of Nap units in the assembly. Fig. 3 shows the density of states (DOS) of complex 2 on which we also have projected the contribution of 1-hexyl naphthalene units, and Fig. 4 gives a representation of individual wavefunction of states in the vicinity of the OMO LUMO gap (LG). This last figure confirms that the electronic interaction of Nap with the cluster is limited to the region where bonds occur, i.e., near the terminal atoms of the alkyl chain. Isolated Nap molecule has a large LG of 3.4 ev, where the OMO and LUMO are p and p* orbitals respectively, both essentially localized on the naphthalene fragment. On the other hand, the band gap found for the (0 01) model ( ) cluster (2.8 ev) is much larger than bulk value (1.2 ev), but is consistent with band gaps found for confined clusters and quantum dots with similar size [29]. The LG for Nap complexes is approximately 2.3 ev, the OMO is centered on the naphthalene region of Nap while the LUMO is localized on the cluster. This indicates that the OMO of the Nap assembly lies in the gap of the cluster as identified by the down arrow in Fig. 3. The OMO LUMO separation of Nap is not significantly influenced by the cluster to a point where Fig. 3. Density of states (DOS) of the complex 2 (unfilled curve) on which a projection of the contribution from the Nap molecules (dark-grey area) is superposed. In order to emphasize the change in DOS, the DOS of an isolated Nap molecule (light-grey area) is also included. the p p* gap (3.4 ev) of Nap in complex 1 is similar to the isolated Nap case (3.4 ev). Then, we can assume that a change in LG in the molecular assembly would essentially be related to intermolecular interaction between Nap units. ence, once the Nap units are closely stacked and separated by 3.8 Å on the (0 0 1) surface, the p p* separation (indicated by arrows in Fig. 4) decreases sharply from 3.4 to 2.9 ev (3.1 ev for complex 2 0 ), then to 2.7 ev for respectively, one, two, and four molecular unit wires (see also Fig. 3). The decreasing p p* separation with the number of molecular units in the wire is related to the existence of substantial p-interaction between assembled molecules that tends to delocalize and disperse the valence and conduction bands, and gradually close the gap [5]. In addition, based on extended ückel theory calculations on oligoacenes such as benzene, naphthalene and anthracene-based molecular wires in a similar packed configuration [30], we are expecting that this decreasing p p* separation should converge rapidly to a stable value once the assembly contains more than 10 molecular units. milarly to the case of 4,4 0 -biphenyldithiol [5], the packing of individual valence band p-orbital into a 1D structure leads to the formation of an anti-bonding p*-stacked band, and reversely, the packing of conduction band p*-orbitals gives an overall bonding p-stacked band (see Fig. 4). These delocalized p-stacked bands create new electron/hole transport channel, in which a resonant tunneling can efficiently take place. The creation of well delocalized wavefunction along the molecular assembly appears the more interesting property for molecular electronic applications. This type of organic assembly promises to show strong modulations of the current and a significantly high mobility [1,2,5].

5 A. Rochefort, A. Beausoleil / Chemical Physics Letters 400 (2004) Fig. 4. Representation of the molecular wavefunction in the vicinity of Fermi energy. OMO and LUMO of the complex are clearly identified, while OMO LUMO separation on the Nap wire is indicated by the arrows. 4. Conclusions The results of our DFT-based calculations predict that 1-hexyl naphthalene can form a stable and tightly bound 1D-dimensional nanostructure on the (0 0 1) surface. The cohesion and stability of the molecular wire is due to two attractive interactions: (1) between anchored alkyl chains, and (2) to a lesser extent by p p overlap between aromatic fragments. The formation of a 1D stacked structure with a short intermolecular distance of 3.8 Å has an important influence on the resulting electronic properties. Firstly, the OMO LUMO separation of the active Nap packing decreases with the number of molecules in the wire, and should converge to a stable value for longer wire. Secondly, the closed packing of Nap molecules induces the formation of well-delocalized wavefunctions along the 1D direction, that are reminiscent of p p interaction of frontier orbitals. Finally, this study shows that silicon substrate constitutes an appealing materials for the creation of well-organized and stable nanostructures for future molecular electronic applications. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). A.B. acknowledges NSERC and the Groupe de recherche en physique et technologie des couches minces (GCM) for summer scolarships. We also thank the Réseau québécois de calcul haute performance (RQCP) for providing computational facilities. References [1]. rringhaus, P.J. Brown, R.. Friend, M.M. Nielsen, K. Bechgaard, B.M.W. Langeveld-Voss, A.J.. Spiering, R.A.J. Janseen, E.W. Meijer, P. erwig, D.M. de Leeuw, Nature 401 (1999) 685. [2]. rringhaus, R.J. Wilson, R.. Friend, M. Inbasekaran, W. Wu, E.P. Woo, M. Grell, D.D.C. Bradley, Appl. Phys. Lett. 77 (2000) 406. [3] M.L. Bushed, A. wang, P.W. Stephens, C. Nuckolls, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123 (2001) [4] Q. Miao, T.-Q. Nguyen, T. Someya, G.B. Blanchet, C. Nuckolls, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125 (2003) [5] A. Rochefort, R. Martel, Ph. Avouris, Nano Lett. 2 (2003) 877. [6] P. Puschnig, C. Ambrosch-Draxl, G. eimel, E. Zojer, R. Resel, G. Leising, M. Kriechbaum, W. Graupner, Synthetic Met. 116 (2001) 327. [7] P. Puschnig, C. Ambrosch-Draxl, K. ummer, G. eimel, M. Oehzelt, R. Resel, Phys. Rev. B 67 (2003) [8] M. Chandrasekhar, S. Guha, W. Graupner, Adv. Mater. 13 (2001) 613. [9] T. Ishida, W. Mizutani, N. Choi, U. Akiba, M. Fujihira,. Tokumoto, J. Phys. Chem. B 104 (2000) [10] G.P. Lopinski, D.D.M. Wayner, R.A. Wolkow, Nature 406 (2000) 48. [11] M.. Zareie,. Ma, B.W. Reed, A.K.-Y. Jen, M. Sarikaya, Nano Lett. 3 (2003) 139. [12] P.E. Laibinis, G.M. Whitesides, D.L. Allara, Y.-T. Tao, A.N. Parikh, R.G. Nuzzo, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) [13] F. Schreiber, Prog. Surf. Sci. 65 (2000) 151. [14] J.. Fendler, Chem. Mater. 13 (2001) [15] M.R. Linford, C.E.D. Chidsey, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115 (1993) [16] M.R. Linford, P. Fenter, P.M. Eisenberger, C.E.D. Chidsey, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117 (1995) [17] R.J. amers, J.S. ovis, S. Lee,. Liu, J. Shan, J. Phys. Chem. B 101 (1997) [18] R.L. Cicero, C.E.D. Chidsey, G.P. Lopinski, D.D.M. Wayner, R.A. Wolkow, Langmuir 18 (2002) 305. [19] P. Allongue, C. enry de Villeneuve, G. Cherouvrier, R. Cortès, M.-C. Bernard, J. Electroanal. Chem (2003) 161.

6 352 A. Rochefort, A. Beausoleil / Chemical Physics Letters 400 (2004) [20] N.P. Guisinger, M.E. Greene, R. Basu, A.S. Baluch, M.C. ersam, Nano Lett. 4 (2004) 55. [21] T.P. Straatsma, E. Aprà, T.L. Windus, M. Dupuis, E.J. Bylaska, W. de Jong, S. irata, D.M.A Smith, M. ackler, L. Pollack, R. arrison, J. Nieplocha, V. Tipparaju, M. Krishnan, E. Brown, G. Cisneros, G. Fann,. Fruchtl, J. Garza, K. irao, R. Kendall, J. Nichols, K. Tsemekhman, M. Valiev, K. Wolinski, J. Anchell, D. Bernholdt, P. Borowski, T. Clark, D. Clerc,. Dachsel, M. Deegan, K. Dyall, D. Elwood, E. Glendening, M. Gutowski, A. ess, J. Jaffe, B. Johnson, J. Ju, R. Kobayashi, R. Kutteh, Z. Lin, R. Littlefield, X. Long, B. Meng, T. Nakajima, S. Niu, M. Rosing, G. Sandrone, M. Stave,. Taylor, G. Thomas, J. van Lenthe, A. Wong, Z. Zhang, NWChem, A Computational Chemistry Package for Parallel Computers, Version 4.5, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington , USA, [22] R.A. Kendall, E. Aprà, D.E. Bernholdt, E.J. Bylaska, M. Dupuis, G.I. Fann, R.J. arrison, J. Ju, J.A. Nichols, J. Nieplocha, T.P. Straatsma, T.L. Windus, A.T. Wong, Comput. Phys. Commun. 128 (2000) [23]. Vosko, L. Wilk, M. Nusair, Can. J. Phys. 58 (1980) [24] R.G. Parr, W. Yang, in: Density-Functional Theory of Atoms and Molecules, Oxford University Press, [25] R. Boese,.-C. Weiss, D. Bläser, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 38 (1999) 989. [26] L.J.J. Laarhoven, P. Mulder, D.D.M. Wayner, Acc. Chem. Res. 32 (1999) 342. [27] The given cohesion energy was not corrected from basis set superposition error (BSSE). [28] (a) C. Gonzalez, E.C. Lin, J. Phys. Chem. A 104 (2000) 2953; (b) C. Chipot, R. Jaffe, B. Maigret, D.A. Pearlman, P.A. Kollman, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118 (1996) [29] C.S. Garoufalis, A.D. Zdetsis, S. Grimme, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) [30] P. Boyer, A. Rochefort, unpublished results.

Supporting Information

Supporting Information Supporting Information Probing the Electronic and Structural Properties of Chromium Oxide Clusters (CrO ) n and (CrO ) n (n = 1 5): Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Calculations Hua-Jin

More information

Supporting Information for: Synthesis and Hydride Transfer Reactions of Cobalt and Nickel Hydride Complexes to BX 3 Compounds

Supporting Information for: Synthesis and Hydride Transfer Reactions of Cobalt and Nickel Hydride Complexes to BX 3 Compounds Supporting Information for: Synthesis and Hydride Transfer Reactions of Cobalt and Nickel Hydride Complexes to BX 3 Compounds Michael T. Mock, Robert G. Potter, Molly J. O Hagan, Donald M. Camaioni, William

More information

The Symmetry of the Boron Buckyball and a Related Boron Nanotube. N. Gonzalez Szwacki 1 and C. J. Tymczak 2*

The Symmetry of the Boron Buckyball and a Related Boron Nanotube. N. Gonzalez Szwacki 1 and C. J. Tymczak 2* The Symmetry of the Boron Buckyball and a Related Boron Nanotube N. Gonzalez Szwacki 1 and C. J. Tymczak 2* 1 Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Hoża 69, 00-681

More information

PCCP PAPER. Effects of thermal disorder on the electronic properties of ordered polymers. 1 Introduction. Marko Mladenović ab and Nenad Vukmirović* a

PCCP PAPER. Effects of thermal disorder on the electronic properties of ordered polymers. 1 Introduction. Marko Mladenović ab and Nenad Vukmirović* a PAPER Cite this: Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2014, 16, 25950 Effects of thermal disorder on the electronic properties of ordered polymers Marko Mladenović ab and Nenad Vukmirović* a Received 30th September

More information

Size for Hydrogen Storage

Size for Hydrogen Storage Microporous Polyphenylenes with Tunable Pore Size for Hydrogen Storage Shengwen Yuan, a ian Dorney, a Desiree White, a Scott Kirklin, a Peter Zapol, a, b Luping Yu* c and Di-Jia Liu* a Experimental Section

More information

Thermodynamic Properties of the C5, C6, and C8 n-alkanes from ab Initio Electronic Structure Theory

Thermodynamic Properties of the C5, C6, and C8 n-alkanes from ab Initio Electronic Structure Theory Iowa State University From the SelectedWorks of Theresa Windus 2005 Thermodynamic Properties of the C5, C6, and C8 n-alkanes from ab Initio Electronic Structure Theory Lisa Pollack, Pacific Northwest National

More information

Resonant tunneling transport in highly organized oligoacene assemblies

Resonant tunneling transport in highly organized oligoacene assemblies Organic Electronics 8 (2007) 1 7 www.elsevier.com/locate/orgel Resonant tunneling transport in highly organized oligoacene assemblies A. Rochefort *, P. Boyer, B. Nacer 1 Department of Engineering Physics,

More information

Gold Apes Hydrogen. The Structure and Bonding in the Planar B 7 Au 2 - and B 7 Au 2 Clusters

Gold Apes Hydrogen. The Structure and Bonding in the Planar B 7 Au 2 - and B 7 Au 2 Clusters 1689 Gold Apes Hydrogen. The Structure and Bonding in the Planar B 7 Au 2 - and B 7 Au 2 Clusters Hua-Jin Zhai and Lai-Sheng Wang* 2006, 110, 1689-1693 Published on Web 01/14/2006 Department of Physics,

More information

CHAPTER 5. FORMATION OF SAMs CONRTOLLED BY STERIC EFFECTS. The steric effect is an important subject in chemistry. It arises from the fact that

CHAPTER 5. FORMATION OF SAMs CONRTOLLED BY STERIC EFFECTS. The steric effect is an important subject in chemistry. It arises from the fact that CHAPTER 5 FRMATIN F SAMs CNRTLLED BY STERIC EFFECTS 5.1 Motivation The steric effect is an important subject in chemistry. It arises from the fact that each atom within a molecule occupies a certain volume

More information

Semiconductor Polymer

Semiconductor Polymer Semiconductor Polymer Organic Semiconductor for Flexible Electronics Introduction: An organic semiconductor is an organic compound that possesses similar properties to inorganic semiconductors with hole

More information

A Momentum Space View of the Surface Chemical Bond - Supplementary Information

A Momentum Space View of the Surface Chemical Bond - Supplementary Information A Momentum Space View of the Surface Chemical Bond - Supplementary Information Stephen Berkebile, a Thomas Ules, a Peter Puschnig, b Lorenz Romaner, b Georg Koller, a Alexander J. Fleming, a Konstantin

More information

List of Figures Page Figure No. Figure Caption No. Figure 1.1.

List of Figures Page Figure No. Figure Caption No. Figure 1.1. List of Figures Figure No. Figure Caption Page No. Figure 1.1. Cation- interactions and their modulations. 4 Figure 1.2. Three conformations of benzene dimer, S is not a minimum on the potential energy

More information

Supporting Information

Supporting Information Supporting Information Roles of Zeolite Confinement and Cu O Cu Angle on the Direct Conversion of Methane to Methanol by [Cu 2 (µ-o)] 2+ -exchanged AEI, CHA, AFX, and MFI Zeolites M. Haris Mahyuddin,,

More information

POST-ADSORPTION WORK FUNCTION TUNING

POST-ADSORPTION WORK FUNCTION TUNING Supporting Information POST-ADSORPTION WORK FUNCTION TUNING VIA HYDROGEN PRESSURE CONTROL Hermann Edlbauer, Egbert Zojer, and Oliver T. Hofmann* Institute for Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University

More information

Asymmetry of Endofullerenes with Silver Atoms

Asymmetry of Endofullerenes with Silver Atoms Asymmetry of Endofullerenes with Silver Atoms V.S. Gurin Physico-Chemical Research Institute, Belarusian State University Leningradskaja str., 14, Minsk, 220080, BELARUS; E-mail: gurin@bsu.by; gurinvs@lycos.com

More information

Conjugated Systems, Orbital Symmetry and UV Spectroscopy

Conjugated Systems, Orbital Symmetry and UV Spectroscopy Conjugated Systems, Orbital Symmetry and UV Spectroscopy Introduction There are several possible arrangements for a molecule which contains two double bonds (diene): Isolated: (two or more single bonds

More information

Supplementary Figure 1 Irregular arrangement of E,E-8-mer on TMA. STM height images formed when

Supplementary Figure 1 Irregular arrangement of E,E-8-mer on TMA. STM height images formed when Supplementary Figure 1 Irregular arrangement of E,E-8-mer on TMA. STM height images formed when a 5 µl heptanoic acid solution of E,E-8-mer is applied on: (a) a TMA templated HOPG substrate, U s = +1.00

More information

Organic Electronic Devices

Organic Electronic Devices Organic Electronic Devices Week 5: Organic Light-Emitting Devices and Emerging Technologies Lecture 5.5: Course Review and Summary Bryan W. Boudouris Chemical Engineering Purdue University 1 Understanding

More information

CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG. Theoretical Study of Electronic and Electrical Properties of Silicon Nanowires

CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG. Theoretical Study of Electronic and Electrical Properties of Silicon Nanowires CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG Ë Theoretical Study of Electronic and Electrical Properties of Silicon Nanowires u Ä öä ªqk u{ Submitted to Department of Physics and Materials Science gkö y in Partial Fulfillment

More information

Prerequisites for reliable modeling with first-principles methods. P. Kratzer Fritz-Haber-Institut der MPG D Berlin-Dahlem, Germany

Prerequisites for reliable modeling with first-principles methods. P. Kratzer Fritz-Haber-Institut der MPG D Berlin-Dahlem, Germany Prerequisites for reliable modeling with first-principles methods P. Kratzer Fritz-Haber-Institut der MPG D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany Prerequisites for modeling (I) Issues to consider when applying

More information

DFT EXERCISES. FELIPE CERVANTES SODI January 2006

DFT EXERCISES. FELIPE CERVANTES SODI January 2006 DFT EXERCISES FELIPE CERVANTES SODI January 2006 http://www.csanyi.net/wiki/space/dftexercises Dr. Gábor Csányi 1 Hydrogen atom Place a single H atom in the middle of a largish unit cell (start with a

More information

Supporting Information for. Dynamics Study"

Supporting Information for. Dynamics Study Supporting Information for "CO 2 Adsorption and Reactivity on Rutile TiO 2 (110) in Water: An Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study" Konstantin Klyukin and Vitaly Alexandrov,, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular

More information

Electronic Supporting Information for

Electronic Supporting Information for Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Materials Horizons. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic Supporting Information for Probing the Energy Levels in Hole-doped Molecular

More information

Supporting Information. Charge Transport Across Insulating. Self-Assembled Monolayers: Non-Equilibrium. Approaches and Modeling to Relate Current and

Supporting Information. Charge Transport Across Insulating. Self-Assembled Monolayers: Non-Equilibrium. Approaches and Modeling to Relate Current and Supporting Information Charge Transport Across Insulating Self-Assembled Monolayers: Non-Equilibrium Approaches and Modeling to Relate Current and Molecular Structure Fatemeh Mirjani,, Joseph M. Thijssen,

More information

Oxidative addition of methane and benzene C H bonds to rhodium center: A DFT study

Oxidative addition of methane and benzene C H bonds to rhodium center: A DFT study Chemical hysics Letters 43 (006) 385 389 www.elsevier.com/locate/cplett Oxidative addition of methane and benzene C bonds to rhodium center: A DFT study Siwei Bi *, Zhenwei Zhang, Shufen Zhu College of

More information

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Anthracite alkanes arene alkenes aromatic compounds alkyl group asymmetric carbon Alkynes benzene 1a

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Anthracite alkanes arene alkenes aromatic compounds alkyl group asymmetric carbon Alkynes benzene 1a Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Anthracite alkanes arene alkenes aromatic compounds alkyl group asymmetric carbon Alkynes benzene 1a Hard coal, which is high in carbon content any straight-chain or branched-chain

More information

Interaction of Substituted Aromatic Compounds with Graphene

Interaction of Substituted Aromatic Compounds with Graphene Article Subscriber access provided by CEA Interaction of Substituted Aromatic Compounds with Graphene Alain Rochefort, and James D. Wuest Langmuir, 2009, 25 (1), 210-215 DOI: 10.1021/la802284j Publication

More information

Molecular Structures, Energetics, and Electronic Properties of Neutral and Charged Hg n Clusters (n ) 2-8)

Molecular Structures, Energetics, and Electronic Properties of Neutral and Charged Hg n Clusters (n ) 2-8) 5630 J. Phys. Chem. A 2010, 114, 5630 5639 Molecular Structures, Energetics, and Electronic Properties of Neutral and Charged Hg n Clusters (n ) 2-8) Jeewon Kang, Joonghan Kim, Hyotcherl Ihee, and Yoon

More information

CHEM 203. Topics Discussed on Oct. 16

CHEM 203. Topics Discussed on Oct. 16 EM 203 Topics Discussed on Oct. 16 ydrogenation (= saturation) of olefins in the presence of finely divided transition metal catalysts (Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru...): generic alkene R 1 finely divided Pd (or

More information

Influences of alkyl side-chain length on the carrier mobility in organic

Influences of alkyl side-chain length on the carrier mobility in organic Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry C. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supporting Information Influences of alkyl side-chain length on the carrier

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Calculations predict a stable molecular crystal of N 8 : Barak Hirshberg a, R. Benny Gerber a,b, and Anna I. Krylov c a Institute of Chemistry and The Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew

More information

CHAPTER 2. Structure and Reactivity: Acids and Bases, Polar and Nonpolar Molecules

CHAPTER 2. Structure and Reactivity: Acids and Bases, Polar and Nonpolar Molecules CHAPTER 2 Structure and Reactivity: Acids and Bases, Polar and Nonpolar Molecules 2-1 Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Simple Chemical Processes Chemical thermodynamics: Is concerned with the extent that

More information

Dithiocarbamate Self-Assembled Monolayers as Efficient Surface Modifiers for Low Work Function Noble Metals

Dithiocarbamate Self-Assembled Monolayers as Efficient Surface Modifiers for Low Work Function Noble Metals Dithiocarbamate Self-Assembled Monolayers as Efficient Surface Modifiers for Low Work Function Noble Metals Dominik Meyer*,1, Tobias Schäfer 1, Philip Schulz 1,2,3, Sebastian Jung 1, Daniel Mokros 1, Ingolf

More information

Supporting Information for. Ab Initio Metadynamics Study of VO + 2 /VO2+ Redox Reaction Mechanism at the Graphite. Edge Water Interface

Supporting Information for. Ab Initio Metadynamics Study of VO + 2 /VO2+ Redox Reaction Mechanism at the Graphite. Edge Water Interface Supporting Information for Ab Initio Metadynamics Study of VO + 2 /VO2+ Redox Reaction Mechanism at the Graphite Edge Water Interface Zhen Jiang, Konstantin Klyukin, and Vitaly Alexandrov,, Department

More information

Solvent Scales. ε α β α: solvent's ability to act as a hydrogen bond-donor to a solute

Solvent Scales. ε α β α: solvent's ability to act as a hydrogen bond-donor to a solute Solvent Scales ε α β α: solvent's ability to act as a hydrogen bond-donor to a solute Water 78 1.17 0.47 DMS 47 0.00 0.76 DM 37 0.00 0.76 Methanol 33 0.93 0.66 MPA 29 0.00 1.05 Acetone 21 0.08 0.43 Methylene

More information

Computational Modeling of Molecular Electronics. Chao-Cheng Kaun

Computational Modeling of Molecular Electronics. Chao-Cheng Kaun Computational Modeling of Molecular Electronics Chao-Cheng Kaun Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University May 9, 2007 Outline: 1. Introduction

More information

College of Science, Xi an University of Science and Technology, Xi an *Corresponding author

College of Science, Xi an University of Science and Technology, Xi an *Corresponding author 2016 International Conference on Advanced Manufacture Technology and Industrial Application (AMTIA 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-387-8 The Study of Coordination Adsorption Effect that CO Adsorption on 4H-SiC

More information

Ab initio study of CNT NO 2 gas sensor

Ab initio study of CNT NO 2 gas sensor Chemical Physics Letters 387 (2004) 271 276 www.elsevier.com/locate/cplett Ab initio study of CNT NO 2 gas sensor Shu Peng a, *, Kyeongjae Cho a, Pengfei Qi b, Hongjie Dai b a Department of Mechanical

More information

Excited States Calculations for Protonated PAHs

Excited States Calculations for Protonated PAHs 52 Chapter 3 Excited States Calculations for Protonated PAHs 3.1 Introduction Protonated PAHs are closed shell ions. Their electronic structure should therefore be similar to that of neutral PAHs, but

More information

Electronic and transport properties of carbon nanotube peapods

Electronic and transport properties of carbon nanotube peapods PHYSICAL REVIEW B 67, 115401 2003 Electronic and transport properties of carbon nanotube peapods A. Rochefort École Polytechnique de Montréal, Département de génie physique, Montréal, (Qué) Canada H3C

More information

Supporting Information: Local Electronic Structure of a Single-Layer. Porphyrin-Containing Covalent Organic Framework

Supporting Information: Local Electronic Structure of a Single-Layer. Porphyrin-Containing Covalent Organic Framework Supporting Information: Local Electronic Structure of a Single-Layer Porphyrin-Containing Covalent Organic Framework Chen Chen 1, Trinity Joshi 2, Huifang Li 3, Anton D. Chavez 4,5, Zahra Pedramrazi 2,

More information

Supporting Information

Supporting Information Supporting Information Controlled Growth of Ceria Nanoarrays on Anatase Titania Powder: A Bottom-up Physical Picture Hyun You Kim 1, Mark S. Hybertsen 2*, and Ping Liu 2* 1 Department of Materials Science

More information

Molecular Dynamics on the Angstrom Scale

Molecular Dynamics on the Angstrom Scale Probing Interface Reactions by STM: Molecular Dynamics on the Angstrom Scale Zhisheng Li Prof. Richard Osgood Laboratory for Light-Surface Interactions, Columbia University Outline Motivation: Why do we

More information

Structural and electronic properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene) -stacked crystals

Structural and electronic properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene) -stacked crystals Structural and electronic properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene) -stacked crystals Arnaud Maillard* and Alain Rochefort Département de Génie Physique et Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe

More information

Supplementary Information

Supplementary Information Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Catalysis Science & Technology. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supplementary Information Insights into the Synergistic Role of Metal-Lattice

More information

Electron tunneling through alkanedithiol molecules

Electron tunneling through alkanedithiol molecules Electron tunneling through alkanedithiol molecules R. C. Hoft, J. Liu, M. B. Cortie, and M. J. Ford, Institute for Nanoscale Technology, University of Technology Sydney, P. O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007,

More information

Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences AENSI Journals Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ISSN:1991-8178 Journal home page: www.ajbasweb.com Theoretical Study for the Effect of Hydroxyl Radical on the Electronic Properties of Cyclobutadiene

More information

6.5 mm. ε = 1%, r = 9.4 mm. ε = 3%, r = 3.1 mm

6.5 mm. ε = 1%, r = 9.4 mm. ε = 3%, r = 3.1 mm Supplementary Information Supplementary Figures Gold wires Substrate Compression holder 6.5 mm Supplementary Figure 1 Picture of the compression holder. 6.5 mm ε = 0% ε = 1%, r = 9.4 mm ε = 2%, r = 4.7

More information

ELEMENTARY BAND THEORY

ELEMENTARY BAND THEORY ELEMENTARY BAND THEORY PHYSICIST Solid state band Valence band, VB Conduction band, CB Fermi energy, E F Bloch orbital, delocalized n-doping p-doping Band gap, E g Direct band gap Indirect band gap Phonon

More information

Lecture 8 January 24, 2013 GaAs crystal surfaces, n-p dopants Si

Lecture 8 January 24, 2013 GaAs crystal surfaces, n-p dopants Si Lecture 8 January 24, 2013 Ga crystal surfaces, n-p dopants Si Nature of the Chemical Bond with applications to catalysis, materials science, nanotechnology, surface science, bioinornic chemistry, and

More information

Molecular electronics. Lecture 2

Molecular electronics. Lecture 2 Molecular electronics Lecture 2 Molecular electronics approach Electrodes and contacts Basic requirement for molecular electronics: connection of the molecule of interest to the outside world, i.e. electrode

More information

The Study of Chemical Reactions. Mechanism: The complete, step by step description of exactly which bonds are broken, formed, and in which order.

The Study of Chemical Reactions. Mechanism: The complete, step by step description of exactly which bonds are broken, formed, and in which order. The Study of Chemical Reactions Mechanism: The complete, step by step description of exactly which bonds are broken, formed, and in which order. Thermodynamics: The study of the energy changes that accompany

More information

Selectivity in the initial C-H bond cleavage of n-butane on PdO(101)

Selectivity in the initial C-H bond cleavage of n-butane on PdO(101) Supporting Information for Selectivity in the initial C-H bond cleavage of n-butane on PdO(101) Can Hakanoglu (a), Feng Zhang (a), Abbin Antony (a), Aravind Asthagiri (b) and Jason F. Weaver (a) * (a)

More information

Electronic Supporting Information Topological design of porous organic molecules

Electronic Supporting Information Topological design of porous organic molecules Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Electronic Supporting Information Topological design of porous organic molecules Valentina Santolini,

More information

Surface Transfer Doping of Diamond by Organic Molecules

Surface Transfer Doping of Diamond by Organic Molecules Surface Transfer Doping of Diamond by Organic Molecules Qi Dongchen Department of Physics National University of Singapore Supervisor: Prof. Andrew T. S. Wee Dr. Gao Xingyu Scope of presentation Overview

More information

Theoretical approaches towards the understanding of organic semiconductors:

Theoretical approaches towards the understanding of organic semiconductors: Claudia Ambrosch-Draxl Chair of Atomistic Modelling and Design of Materials University of Leoben Theoretical approaches towards the understanding of organic semiconductors: from electronic and optical

More information

STM spectroscopy (STS)

STM spectroscopy (STS) STM spectroscopy (STS) di dv 4 e ( E ev, r) ( E ) M S F T F Basic concepts of STS. With the feedback circuit open the variation of the tunneling current due to the application of a small oscillating voltage

More information

Clar Sextet Theory for low-dimensional carbon nanostructures: an efficient approach based on chemical criteria

Clar Sextet Theory for low-dimensional carbon nanostructures: an efficient approach based on chemical criteria Clar Sextet Theory for low-dimensional carbon nanostructures: an efficient approach based on chemical criteria Matteo Baldoni Fachbereich Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany Department of Chemistry

More information

A One-Slide Summary of Quantum Mechanics

A One-Slide Summary of Quantum Mechanics A One-Slide Summary of Quantum Mechanics Fundamental Postulate: O! = a! What is!?! is an oracle! operator wave function (scalar) observable Where does! come from?! is refined Variational Process H! = E!

More information

Supplementary Figure 1 Experimental setup for crystal growth. Schematic drawing of the experimental setup for C 8 -BTBT crystal growth.

Supplementary Figure 1 Experimental setup for crystal growth. Schematic drawing of the experimental setup for C 8 -BTBT crystal growth. Supplementary Figure 1 Experimental setup for crystal growth. Schematic drawing of the experimental setup for C 8 -BTBT crystal growth. Supplementary Figure 2 AFM study of the C 8 -BTBT crystal growth

More information

Organic Chemistry. Radical Reactions

Organic Chemistry. Radical Reactions For updated version, please click on http://ocw.ump.edu.my Organic Chemistry Radical Reactions by Dr. Seema Zareen & Dr. Izan Izwan Misnon Faculty Industrial Science & Technology seema@ump.edu.my & iezwan@ump.edu.my

More information

MOLECULAR STRUCTURE. Molecular Structure - B. Molecular Structure - B. Molecular Structure - B. Molecular Structure - B. Molecular Structure - B

MOLECULAR STRUCTURE. Molecular Structure - B. Molecular Structure - B. Molecular Structure - B. Molecular Structure - B. Molecular Structure - B MOLECULAR STRUCTURE Molecular Orbital all orbitals of the appropriate symmetry contribute to a molecular orbital. Bundet Boekfa Chem Div, Faculty Lib Arts & Sci Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus

More information

The wavefunction that describes a bonding pair of electrons:

The wavefunction that describes a bonding pair of electrons: 4.2. Molecular Properties from VB Theory a) Bonding and Bond distances The wavefunction that describes a bonding pair of electrons: Ψ b = a(h 1 ) + b(h 2 ) where h 1 and h 2 are HAOs on adjacent atoms

More information

Nuggets of Knowledge for Chapter 17 Dienes and Aromaticity Chem 2320

Nuggets of Knowledge for Chapter 17 Dienes and Aromaticity Chem 2320 Nuggets of Knowledge for Chapter 17 Dienes and Aromaticity Chem 2320 I. Isolated, cumulated, and conjugated dienes A diene is any compound with two or C=C's is a diene. Compounds containing more than two

More information

Unraveling the Mechanisms of O 2 Activation by Size-Selected Gold Clusters: Transition from Superoxo to Peroxo Chemisorption

Unraveling the Mechanisms of O 2 Activation by Size-Selected Gold Clusters: Transition from Superoxo to Peroxo Chemisorption pubs.acs.org/jacs Unraveling the Mechanisms of O 2 Activation by Size-Selected Gold Clusters: Transition from Superoxo to Peroxo Chemisorption Rhitankar Pal, Lei-Ming Wang, Yong Pei, Lai-Sheng Wang,*,

More information

Hydrogenated Graphene

Hydrogenated Graphene Hydrogenated Graphene Stefan Heun NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, Italy Outline Epitaxial Graphene Hydrogen Chemisorbed on Graphene Hydrogen-Intercalated Graphene Outline

More information

Theoretical Modeling of Tunneling Barriers in Carbon-based Molecular Electronic Junctions

Theoretical Modeling of Tunneling Barriers in Carbon-based Molecular Electronic Junctions Second Revised version, jp-2014-09838e Supporting Information Theoretical Modeling of Tunneling Barriers in Carbon-based Molecular Electronic Junctions Mykola Kondratenko 1,2, Stanislav R. Stoyanov 1,3,4,

More information

Support Information. For. Theoretical study of water adsorption and dissociation on Ta 3 N 5 (100) surfaces

Support Information. For. Theoretical study of water adsorption and dissociation on Ta 3 N 5 (100) surfaces Support Information For Theoretical study of water adsorption and dissociation on Ta 3 N 5 (100) surfaces Submitted to Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics by Jiajia Wang a, Wenjun Luo a, Jianyong Feng

More information

Specific ion effects on the interaction of. hydrophobic and hydrophilic self assembled

Specific ion effects on the interaction of. hydrophobic and hydrophilic self assembled Supporting Information Specific ion effects on the interaction of hydrophobic and hydrophilic self assembled monolayers T. Rios-Carvajal*, N. R. Pedersen, N. Bovet, S.L.S. Stipp, T. Hassenkam. Nano-Science

More information

First-Principle Studies on Adsorption of Cu + and Hydrated Cu + Cations on Clean Si(111) Surface

First-Principle Studies on Adsorption of Cu + and Hydrated Cu + Cations on Clean Si(111) Surface CHEM. RES. CHINESE UNIVERSITIES 2010, 26(3), 472 478 First-Principle Studies on Adsorption of Cu + and Hydrated Cu + Cations on Clean Si(111) Surface CHENG Feng-ming 1,2, SHENG Yong-li 1,3, LI Meng-hua

More information

Controlling Molecular Growth between Fractals. and Crystals on Surfaces

Controlling Molecular Growth between Fractals. and Crystals on Surfaces Controlling Molecular Growth between Fractals and Crystals on Surfaces Xue Zhang,,# Na Li,,# Gao-Chen Gu, Hao Wang, Damian Nieckarz, Pawe l Szabelski, Yang He, Yu Wang, Chao Xie, Zi-Yong Shen, Jing-Tao

More information

1. Ionic bonding - chemical bond resulting from the attraction of positive and negative ions

1. Ionic bonding - chemical bond resulting from the attraction of positive and negative ions Bonding Bonding can occur in 2 ways: 1. Electron transfer (ionic) 2. Electron sharing (covalent) 1. Ionic bonding - chemical bond resulting from the attraction of positive and negative ions Cation- positive

More information

Bonding and Elastic Properties in Ti 2 AC (A = Ga or Tl)

Bonding and Elastic Properties in Ti 2 AC (A = Ga or Tl) Printed in the Republic of Korea http://dx.doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2013.57.1.35 Bonding and Elastic Properties in Ti 2 AC (A = Ga or Tl) Dae-Bok Kang* Department of Chemistry, Kyungsung University, Busan

More information

WANG Bingwu, XU Guangxian & CHEN Zhida

WANG Bingwu, XU Guangxian & CHEN Zhida Science in China Ser. B Chemistry 2004 Vol.47 No.2 91 97 91 Study on the covalence of Cu and chemical bonding in an inorganic fullerene-like molecule, [CuCl] 20 [Cp*FeP 5 ] 12 [Cu-(CH 3 CN) 2 Cl ] 5, by

More information

Study of Solvent Effects in Diels-Alder Reaction through Charge Transfer Formation by Using Semi-empirical Calculations

Study of Solvent Effects in Diels-Alder Reaction through Charge Transfer Formation by Using Semi-empirical Calculations 1898 Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 2008, Vol. 29, No. 10 Mehdi Salih Shihab Study of Solvent Effects in Diels-Alder Reaction through Charge Transfer Formation by Using Semi-empirical Calculations Mehdi Salih

More information

Substrate-mediated band-dispersion of adsorbate molecular states - Supplementary Information

Substrate-mediated band-dispersion of adsorbate molecular states - Supplementary Information Substrate-mediated band-dispersion of adsorbate molecular states - Supplementary Information M. Wießner, 1, 2 J. Ziroff, 1, 2 F. Forster, 1, 2 M. Arita, 3 K. Shimada, 3 P. Puschnig, 4 A. Schöll*, 1, 2,

More information

Acid-Base -Bronsted-Lowry model: -Lewis model: -The more equilibrium lies to the right = More [H 3 O + ] = Higher K a = Lower pk a = Stronger acid

Acid-Base -Bronsted-Lowry model: -Lewis model: -The more equilibrium lies to the right = More [H 3 O + ] = Higher K a = Lower pk a = Stronger acid Revision Hybridisation -The valence electrons of a Carbon atom sit in 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 orbitals that are different in energy. It has 2 x 2s electrons + 2 x 2p electrons are available to form 4 covalent bonds.

More information

Supplementary Figure 1(a) The trajectory of the levitated pyrolytic graphite test sample (blue curve) and

Supplementary Figure 1(a) The trajectory of the levitated pyrolytic graphite test sample (blue curve) and Supplementary Figure 1(a) The trajectory of the levitated pyrolytic graphite test sample (blue curve) and the envelope from free vibration theory (red curve). (b) The FFT of the displacement-time curve

More information

Charge Carrier Localization and Transport in Organic Semiconductors: Insights from Atomistic Multiscale Simulations

Charge Carrier Localization and Transport in Organic Semiconductors: Insights from Atomistic Multiscale Simulations Charge Carrier Localization and Transport in Organic Semiconductors: Insights from Atomistic Multiscale Simulations Marko Mladenović and Nenad Vukmirović * Organic electronic semiconducting materials exhibit

More information

Functional Group Adsorption on Calcite: I. Oxygen Containing and Nonpolar Organic Molecules

Functional Group Adsorption on Calcite: I. Oxygen Containing and Nonpolar Organic Molecules SUPPORTING INFORMATION Functional Group Adsorption on Calcite: I. Oxygen Containing and Nonpolar Organic Molecules E. Ataman*, M. P. Andersson, M. Ceccato, N. Bovet, S. L. S. Stipp Nano-Science Center,

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION DOI: 10.1038/NCHEM.2491 Experimental Realization of Two-dimensional Boron Sheets Baojie Feng 1, Jin Zhang 1, Qing Zhong 1, Wenbin Li 1, Shuai Li 1, Hui Li 1, Peng Cheng 1, Sheng Meng 1,2, Lan Chen 1 and

More information

Valence bond theory accounts, at least qualitatively, for the stability of the covalent bond in terms of overlapping atomic orbitals.

Valence bond theory accounts, at least qualitatively, for the stability of the covalent bond in terms of overlapping atomic orbitals. Molecular Orbital Theory Valence bond theory accounts, at least qualitatively, for the stability of the covalent bond in terms of overlapping atomic orbitals. Using the concept of hybridization, valence

More information

Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Mutah, Karak, Jordan Reprint requests to Dr. H. S. M. Al-O.

Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Mutah, Karak, Jordan Reprint requests to Dr. H. S. M. Al-O. Semiempirical Method MNDO for the Evaluation of the Effect of Different Substituents at the Imine-Carbon Position on the Acetaldemine-Vinylamine Tauotomerization and Comparison to the Substitution at α-position

More information

Metal/Organic Interfaces

Metal/Organic Interfaces Metal/Organic Interfaces from first-principles Georg Heimel Institut für f r Physik, Humboldt-Universit Universität t zu Berlin Dresden, 12.02.2009 Outline Investigated Systems / Motivation Methods Overview

More information

Organic molecular crystals in electric fields

Organic molecular crystals in electric fields Surface Science 566 568 (2004) 644 649 www.elsevier.com/locate/susc Organic molecular crystals in electric fields Jaroslav Tobik a,b, *, Andrea Dal Corso a,b, Sandro Scandolo b,c, Erio Tosatti a,b,c a

More information

The Role of the Linearity on the Hydrogen Bond in the Formamide Dimer: a BLYP, B3LYP, and MP2 Study

The Role of the Linearity on the Hydrogen Bond in the Formamide Dimer: a BLYP, B3LYP, and MP2 Study Article J. Mex. Chem. Soc. 2008, 52(1), 31-35 2008, Sociedad Química de México ISSN 1870-249X The Role of the Linearity on the Hydrogen Bond in the Formamide Dimer: a BLYP, B3LYP, and MP2 Study José-Zeferino

More information

CHEMISTRY XL-14A CHEMICAL BONDS

CHEMISTRY XL-14A CHEMICAL BONDS CHEMISTRY XL-14A CHEMICAL BONDS July 16, 2011 Robert Iafe Office Hours 2 July 18-July 22 Monday: 2:00pm in Room MS-B 3114 Tuesday-Thursday: 3:00pm in Room MS-B 3114 Chapter 2 Overview 3 Ionic Bonds Covalent

More information

Hydrogen bonds in the phenol-formaldehyde-ortho-naphthoquinondiazidewater

Hydrogen bonds in the phenol-formaldehyde-ortho-naphthoquinondiazidewater doi:10.3390/ecsoc-21-04753 Conference Proceedings Paper Hydrogen bonds in the phenol-formaldehyde-ortho-naphthoquinondiazidewater system Valeria Chernuha *, Dmitriy Fomichev, and Sergei Zelentsov Lobachevsky

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES

SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES 1 SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES Supplementary Figure 1: Initial stage showing monolayer MoS 2 islands formation on Au (111) surface. a, Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) image of molybdenum (Mo) clusters deposited

More information

Detailed Course Content

Detailed Course Content Detailed Course Content Chapter 1: Carbon Compounds and Chemical Bonds The Structural Theory of Organic Chemistry 4 Chemical Bonds: The Octet Rule 6 Lewis Structures 8 Formal Charge 11 Resonance 14 Quantum

More information

Introduction to Alkenes and Alkynes

Introduction to Alkenes and Alkynes Introduction to Alkenes and Alkynes In an alkane, all covalent bonds between carbon were σ (σ bonds are defined as bonds where the electron density is symmetric about the internuclear axis) In an alkene,

More information

Ab initio and DFT study of the thermodynamic properties and nuclear magnetic resonance of (4, 4) armchair AlN nanotubes

Ab initio and DFT study of the thermodynamic properties and nuclear magnetic resonance of (4, 4) armchair AlN nanotubes Ab initio and DFT study of the thermodynamic properties and nuclear magnetic resonance of (4, 4) armchair AlN nanotubes Elham Pournamdari * Department of science, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University,

More information

DAV CENTENARY PUBLIC SCHOOL, PASCHIM ENCLAVE, NEW DELHI - 87

DAV CENTENARY PUBLIC SCHOOL, PASCHIM ENCLAVE, NEW DELHI - 87 HYDROCARBONS 1. Why do alkenes prefer to undergo electrophilic addition reaction while arenes prefer electrophilic substitution reactions? Explain. 2. Alkynes on reduction with sodium in liquid ammonia

More information

CHAPTER 2: Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules

CHAPTER 2: Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules 1 HAPTER 2: Structure and Properties of Organic Molecules Atomic Orbitals A. What are atomic orbitals? Atomic orbitals are defined by special mathematical functions called wavefunctions-- (x, y, z). Wavefunction,

More information

Strong Correlation Effects in Fullerene Molecules and Solids

Strong Correlation Effects in Fullerene Molecules and Solids Strong Correlation Effects in Fullerene Molecules and Solids Fei Lin Physics Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 2461 Fei Lin (Virginia Tech) Correlations in Fullerene SESAPS 211, Roanoke, VA 1 /

More information

Lecture 21 Organic Chemistry 1

Lecture 21 Organic Chemistry 1 CEM 232 Organic Chemistry I at Chicago Lecture 21 Organic Chemistry 1 Professor Duncan Wardrop March 30, 2010 1 Self Test Question Ethanolysis of alkyl halide 1 gives ether 2 as one product; however, several

More information

The affinity of Si N and Si C bonding in amorphous silicon carbon nitride (a-sicn) thin film

The affinity of Si N and Si C bonding in amorphous silicon carbon nitride (a-sicn) thin film Diamond & Related Materials 14 (2005) 1126 1130 www.elsevier.com/locate/diamond The affinity of Si N and Si C bonding in amorphous silicon carbon nitride (a-sicn) thin film C.W. Chen a, *, C.C. Huang a,

More information

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research Available on line www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research ISSN No: 0975-7384 CODEN(USA): JCPRC5 J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2011, 3(4): 589-595 Altering the electronic properties of adamantane

More information

Electronic structures of one-dimension carbon nano wires and rings

Electronic structures of one-dimension carbon nano wires and rings IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 61 (2007) 252 256 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/61/1/051 International Conference on Nanoscience and Technology (ICN&T 2006) Electronic structures of one-dimension

More information

Electronic and Optoelectronic Polymers

Electronic and Optoelectronic Polymers Electronic and Optoelectronic Polymers Wen-Chang Chen Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Outlines History of Conjugated Polymers

More information