Chemical Basis of Life

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Chemical Basis of Life"

Transcription

1 Bi100 hapter 2 hemical Basis of Life Introduction: A. hemistry deals with the composition of matter and how it changes. B. A knowledge of chemistry is necessary for the understanding of physiology because of the importance of chemicals in body processes. Structure of Matter: A. Elements and Atoms: 1. Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space. 2. All matter is composed of elements. Yeah, I m made of elements. B 1

2 Structure of Matter: 3. Living organisms require about 20 elements, of which oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen are most abundant. 4. Elements are composed of atoms; atoms of different elements vary in size, weight, and interaction with other atoms. 5. Attractions between two or more atoms are called chemical bonds. Atomic Structure: 1. An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons in orbit around the nucleus in shells. 2. Protons, with a positive charge, are about equal in size to neutrons, which have no charge. Atomic Structure: 3. Electrons are much smaller and bear a negative charge. 4. An electrically neutral atom has equal numbers of protons and electrons. 5. The number of protons denotes the atomic number of an element; the number of protons plus the number of neutrons equals the atomic weight. 6. Atoms with the same atomic number, but different numbers of neutrons are isotopes of an element. 2

3 Bonding of Atoms: 1. Atoms form bonds by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons. 2. Electrons are found in shells around the nucleus ydrogen () elium (e) Lithium (Li) Fig02.02 Atomic Structure 3. When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions with a charge. Whether they gain or lose will depend on how many electrons they have in the outer shell to start with. 4. ppositelycharged ions attract each other and form an ionic bond. Atomic Structure: 5. ovalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons 6. A polar molecule has a covalent bond in which the electrons are not shared equally. 3

4 Molecules and ompounds: 1. A molecule is formed when two or more atoms combine. 2. If atoms of different elements combine, the molecule can also be called a compound. Formulas: 1. A molecular formula represents the numbers and types of atoms in a molecule. Ex: Glucose = Various representations, called structural formulas, can be used to illustrate molecules. hemical eactions: 1. A chemical reaction occurs as bonds are formed or broken between atoms, ions, or molecules. 2. Those changed by the reaction are the reactants; those formed are the products. 3. Two or more atoms or molecules can be joined during synthesis. 4. Larger molecules can be broken into smaller ones in decomposition reactions. 4

5 Acids and Bases: 1. Substances that release ions in water are called electrolytes. 2. Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions () in water are called acids. 3. Electrolytes that release hydroxide () ions are called bases. Acids and Bases: 4. The concentrations of and in the body is very important to physiology. 5. p represents the concentration of hydrogen ions [ ] in solution. opyright The McGrawill ompanies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. elative! Acidic! 8.4! amounts!! 6.6! 7.4! sodium! of (red)! cowʼs! human! bicarbonate! 5.3! and 4.2! milk! blood! cabbage! 11.5! (blue)! 3.0! tomato! 10.5! 2.0! household! apple! juice! milk of! gastric! ammonia! juice! 8.0! magnesia! juice! 7.0! egg! 6.0! distilled! white! corn! water! Basic!! p Acidic concentration increases! eutral concentration increases! Basic (alkaline) Fig02.11 Acids and Bases: A p of 7 indicates a neutral solution with equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl () ions. a. a solution with a p of 07 is acidic and has more ions than b. a solution with a p of 714 is basic and has more ions than. *note that the p scale is an exponential scale (that means small changes in p represent large numbers in concentration) 5

6 Acids and Bases: 7. Buffers are chemicals that combine with excess acids or bases to help minimize p changes in body fluids. hemical onstituents of ells: A. rganic compounds contain both hydrogen and carbon. B. All other compounds are considered inorganic and they usually dissolve in water and release ions, making them electrolytes. Water: the most abundant compound in living things and makes up twothirds of the weight of adults. rganic Substances: arbohydrates arbohydrates provide energy for cellular activities and are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. arbohydrates are made from monosaccharides (single sugars); disaccharides are two monosaccharides joined together; polysaccharides, such as starch, are built of many sugars. 6

7 rganic Substances: Lipids: Lipids are organic substances that are insoluble in water and include fats, phospholipids, and steroids. rganic Substances: Proteins: Proteins have a great variety of functions in the body as structural materials, as energy sources, as certain hormones, as receptors on cell membranes, as antibodies, and as enzymes to facilitate (or catalyze) metabolic reactions. rganic Substances Proteins contain,,, and atoms; some also contain S. Building blocks of proteins are the amino acids 7

8 rganic Substances opyright The McGrawill ompanies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Amino acids Proteins have complex shapes or conformations: primary structure (a) Primary structure Each! oblong shape in this! polypeptide chain represents! an amino acid molecule. The! whole chain represents a! portion of a protein molecule.! order of amino acids pleats or helices complex 3D folding 1o Pleated! structure! secondary structure tertiary structure (b) Secondary structure The! polypeptide chain of a protein! molecule is often either pleated! or twisted to form a coil. Dotted! lines represent hydrogen bonds.! groups (see fig. 2.17)! are indicated in bold.! oiled! structure! (c) Tertiary structure! The pleated and coiled! polypeptide chain of a! protein molecule folds! into a unique three! dimensional structure.! Threedimensional! folding! 2o 3o quaternary structure multiple proteins interacting (d) Quaternary structure Two or more! polypeptide chains may be connected! to form a single protein molecule. 4o rganic Substances: ucleic Acids: a. ucleic acids form DA and A. b. ucleic acids are of two major types: DA (with deoxyribose) and A (with ribose). c. A (ribonucleic acid) functions in protein synthesis; DA (deoxyribonucleic acid) stores the molecular code in genes. 8

Chapter 2. Chemical Basis of Life

Chapter 2. Chemical Basis of Life hapter 2 hemical Basis of Life opyright The McGrawill ompanies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Introduction: A. hemistry deals with the composition of matter and how it changes.

More information

Chemistry Basics for Anatomy & Physiology

Chemistry Basics for Anatomy & Physiology hemistry Basics for Anatomy & Physiology 1 Why study chemistry in A&P? - Body functions depend on cellular functions - ellular functions result from chemical changes - Biochemistry helps to explain physiological

More information

Chapter 2. Introduction: Chapter Chemical Basis of Life. Structure of Matter:

Chapter 2. Introduction: Chapter Chemical Basis of Life. Structure of Matter: Chapter 2.1-2.2 Read text 2.1 and describe why chemistry is important in understanding life. Read text 2.2 and discuss how atomic structure determines how atoms interact. Also describe the types of chemical

More information

A Brief Overview of Biochemistry. And I mean BRIEF!

A Brief Overview of Biochemistry. And I mean BRIEF! A Brief Overview of Biochemistry And I mean BRIEF! Introduction A. Chemistry deals with the composition of substances and how they change. B. A knowledge of chemistry is necessary for the understanding

More information

Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life I. Introduction A. The study of chemistry is essential for the study of physiology because

Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life I. Introduction A. The study of chemistry is essential for the study of physiology because Shier, Butler, and Lewis: Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11 th ed. Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life I. Introduction A. The study of chemistry is essential for the

More information

Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition. Chapter 2

Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition. Chapter 2 Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition Shier Butler Lewis Chapter 2 1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. CHAPTER 2 CHEMICAL BASIS OF

More information

Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition. Chapter 2

Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition. Chapter 2 PowerPoint Lecture Outlines to accompany Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition Shier w Butler w Lewis Chapter 2 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction

More information

Matter and Substances Section 3-1

Matter and Substances Section 3-1 Matter and Substances Section 3-1 Key Idea: All matter is made up of atoms. An atom has a positively charges core surrounded by a negatively charged region. An atom is the smallest unit of matter that

More information

Chapter 2 Chemical Aspects of Life

Chapter 2 Chemical Aspects of Life Chapter 2 Chemical Aspects of Life Multiple Choice Questions 1. Anything that has weight and occupies space can be described as A. an atom. B. matter. C. a compound. D. a molecule. #1 Learning Outcome:

More information

Chemical Basis of Life

Chemical Basis of Life Chemical Basis of Life Jan 30 11:42 AM In order to understand digestion and nutrition, we need some basic biochemistry Chemistry studies the composition of matter and its changes as well as the change

More information

5/18/2012. The Chemical Elements. The Chemistry of Life Chapter 2. Atoms, Ions and Molecules. Water and Mixtures. Energy and Chemical Reactions

5/18/2012. The Chemical Elements. The Chemistry of Life Chapter 2. Atoms, Ions and Molecules. Water and Mixtures. Energy and Chemical Reactions The hemistry of Life hapter 2 Atoms, Ions and Molecules Water and Mixtures Energy and hemical Reactions rganic ompounds The hemical Elements Element simplest form of matter to have unique chemical property

More information

Unit 2: Basic Chemistry

Unit 2: Basic Chemistry Unit 2: Basic Chemistry I. Matter and Energy A. Matter anything that occupies space and has mass (weight) B. Energy the ability to do work 1. Chemical 2. Electrical 3. Mechanical 4. Radiant C. Composition

More information

2/25/2013. Electronic Configurations

2/25/2013. Electronic Configurations 1 2 3 4 5 Chapter 2 Chemical Principles The Structure of Atoms Chemistry is the study of interactions between atoms and molecules The atom is the smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical reactions

More information

Basic Chemistry. Chapter 2 BIOL1000 Dr. Mohamad H. Termos

Basic Chemistry. Chapter 2 BIOL1000 Dr. Mohamad H. Termos Basic Chemistry Chapter 2 BIOL1000 Dr. Mohamad H. Termos Chapter 2 Objectives Following this chapter, you should be able to describe: - Atoms, molecules, and ions - Composition and properties - Types of

More information

Chapter 2. Chemical Principles

Chapter 2. Chemical Principles Chapter 2 Chemical Principles Insert Fig CO 2 The Structure of Atoms Chemistry is the study of interactions between atoms and molecules The atom is the smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical

More information

Living and nonliving things are all made of elements. It is the way that atoms combine that give every element a different characteristic.

Living and nonliving things are all made of elements. It is the way that atoms combine that give every element a different characteristic. Living and nonliving things are all made of elements. It is the way that atoms combine that give every element a different characteristic. 98% of the body is made of only 6 elements The 6 elements are:

More information

Figure ) Letter E represents a nucleic acid building block known as a. Answer: nucleotide Diff: 3 Page Ref: 54

Figure ) Letter E represents a nucleic acid building block known as a. Answer: nucleotide Diff: 3 Page Ref: 54 Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 10e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry 2.1 Short Answer Figure 2.1 Using Figure 2.1, identify the following: 1) Which letter represents a carbohydrate polymer?

More information

Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life

Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Chemistry is the scientific study of the composition of matter and how composition changes. In order to understand human physiological processes, it is important to understand

More information

Chemical Principles. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Bradley W. Christian, McLennan Community College C H A P T E R

Chemical Principles. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Bradley W. Christian, McLennan Community College C H A P T E R PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Bradley W. Christian, McLennan Community College C H A P T E R 2 Chemical Principles The Structure of Atoms Learning Objective 2-1 Describe the structure of

More information

W2. Chemical structures of protein and DNA

W2. Chemical structures of protein and DNA W2. Chemical structures of protein and DNA Copyright Kang, Lin-Woo, Ph.D. Professor Department of Biological Sciences Konkuk University Seoul, Korea Lectures prepared by Christine L. Case The Structure

More information

Chapter 02 Chemistry of Life

Chapter 02 Chemistry of Life Chapter 02 Chemistry of Life Multiple Choice Questions 1. The smallest unit of matter is the A. molecule. B. atom. C. compound. D. isotope. HAPS Objective: C.01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms,

More information

Chapter 2. The Structure of Atoms. The Structure of Atoms. The Structure of Atoms

Chapter 2. The Structure of Atoms. The Structure of Atoms. The Structure of Atoms 1 The Structure of Atoms 2 Chapter 2 Chemical Principles Chemistry is the study of interactions between atoms and molecules The atom is the smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical reactions Atoms

More information

Ch. 2 BASIC CHEMISTRY. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Ch. 2 BASIC CHEMISTRY. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Ch. 2 BASIC CHEMISTRY Matter and Composition of Matter Definition: Anything that has mass and occupies space Matter is made up of elements An element cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means Atoms

More information

Chapter 02 Lecture Outline

Chapter 02 Lecture Outline hapter 02 Lecture utline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. opyright 2016 McGraw-ill Education. Permission required for reproduction or

More information

Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Chemistry. Question Type: Multiple Choice. 1) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Chemistry. Question Type: Multiple Choice. 1) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? Microbiology Principles and Explorations 9th Edition Black TEST BANK Full clear download at: https://testbankreal.com/download/microbiology-principles-explorations- 9th-edition-black-test-bank/ Microbiology

More information

Ch 3: Chemistry of Life. Chemistry Water Macromolecules Enzymes

Ch 3: Chemistry of Life. Chemistry Water Macromolecules Enzymes Ch 3: Chemistry of Life Chemistry Water Macromolecules Enzymes Chemistry Atom = smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means Element = substances that have similar properties and

More information

Chapter 02 Chemistry of Life

Chapter 02 Chemistry of Life Maders Understanding Human Anatomy and Physiology 9th Edition Longenbaker Test Bank Full Download: http://testbanklive.com/download/maders-understanding-human-anatomy-and-physiology-9th-edition-longenbaker

More information

An atom is the smallest unit of an element. It has: A general understanding of chemistry is necessary for understanding human physiology.

An atom is the smallest unit of an element. It has: A general understanding of chemistry is necessary for understanding human physiology. 8/29/11 Chapter 2 I. Atoms, Ions, and Chemical Bonds Chemical Composition of the Body Lecture PowerPoint Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Body

More information

Copy into Note Packet and Return to Teacher

Copy into Note Packet and Return to Teacher Copy into Note Packet and Return to Teacher Section 1: Nature of Matter Objectives: Differentiate between atoms and elements. Analyze how compounds are formed. Distinguish between covalent bonds, hydrogen

More information

Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology. Dr. Ramos BIO 370

Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology. Dr. Ramos BIO 370 Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology Dr. Ramos BIO 370 2 Atoms, Bonds, and Molecules Matter - all materials that occupy space and have mass Matter is composed of atoms. Atom simplest form of matter not divisible

More information

UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY. Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Covalent Bond: Hydrogen Bond:

UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY. Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Covalent Bond: Hydrogen Bond: UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Hydrogen Bond: Covalent Bond: 1 Carbohydrates: >energy yield- >elements- >monomers- >functions- >examples- >misc- Lipids: Proteins: Nucleic Acids: I. Energy

More information

BIOCHEMISTRY 10/9/17 CHEMISTRY OF LIFE. Elements: simplest form of a substance - cannot be broken down any further without changing what it is

BIOCHEMISTRY 10/9/17 CHEMISTRY OF LIFE. Elements: simplest form of a substance - cannot be broken down any further without changing what it is BIOCHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY OF LIFE Elements: simplest form of a substance - cannot be broken down any further without changing what it is THE ATOM Just like cells are the basic unit of life, the ATOM is the

More information

Unit 1: Chemistry - Guided Notes

Unit 1: Chemistry - Guided Notes Scientific Method Notes: Unit 1: Chemistry - Guided Notes 1 Common Elements in Biology: Atoms are made up of: 1. 2. 3. In order to be stable, an atom of an element needs a full valence shell of electrons.

More information

2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules All living things are based on atoms and their interactions. Living things consist of atoms of different elements. An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. An element is one type of atom. ydrogen

More information

2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY

2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY 1 2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY Although most students of human physiology have had at least some chemistry, this chapter serves very well as a review and as a glossary of chemical terms. In particular,

More information

1/23/2012. Atoms. Atoms Atoms - Electron Shells. Chapter 2 Outline. Planetary Models of Elements Chemical Bonds

1/23/2012. Atoms. Atoms Atoms - Electron Shells. Chapter 2 Outline. Planetary Models of Elements Chemical Bonds Chapter 2 Outline Atoms Chemical Bonds Acids, Bases and the p Scale Organic Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Are smallest units of the chemical elements Composed of protons, neutrons

More information

2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Living things consist of atoms of different elements. An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. An element is one type of atom. 6 elements make up 99% of all living things

More information

Nature of matter. Chemical bond is a force that joins atoms

Nature of matter. Chemical bond is a force that joins atoms Nature of matter Atom the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means The subatomic particles of an atom consist of protons, neutrons and electrons Element is a pure substance

More information

Human Anatomy & Physiology. Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Human Anatomy & Physiology. Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Human Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 2: Chemistry Comes Alive MATTER VS. ENERGY Which of the following is not an example of matter? 1) Blood plasma 2) The air we breathe 3) An arm bone 4) Electricity Which

More information

Chapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology

Chapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology Chapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology Multiple Choice Questions 1. Anything that occupies space and has mass is called A. Atomic B. Living C. Matter D. Energy E. Space 2. The electrons of an atom are A.

More information

Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 12e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry. 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions

Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 12e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry. 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology 12th Edition Marieb TEST BANK Full download at: https://testbankrealcom/download/essentialshuman-anatomy-physiology-12th-edition-mariebtest-bank/ Essentials of

More information

the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together Chemical structure Covalent bond Ionic bond

the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together Chemical structure Covalent bond Ionic bond Chemical structure the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together Covalent bond bond formed by the sharing of valence electrons between atoms Ionic bond

More information

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Chemical Level of Organization PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Meg Flemming Austin Community College C H A P T E R 2 The Chemical Level of Organization Chapter 2 Learning Outcomes 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 Describe an atom and how atomic

More information

Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry. 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions

Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry. 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry 2.1 Multiple Choice Part I Questions Using Figure 2.1, identify the following: 1) Which letter represents a carbohydrate

More information

Chemistry Basics. Matter anything that occupies space and has mass Energy the ability to do work. Chemical Electrical Mechanical Radiant. Slide 2.

Chemistry Basics. Matter anything that occupies space and has mass Energy the ability to do work. Chemical Electrical Mechanical Radiant. Slide 2. Chemistry Basics Matter anything that occupies space and has mass Energy the ability to do work Chemical Electrical Mechanical Radiant Slide 2.1 Composition of Matter Elements Fundamental units of matter

More information

UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY. Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Covalent Bond: Hydrogen Bond:

UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY. Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Covalent Bond: Hydrogen Bond: UNIT 2 CHEMISTRY Atomic Structure: Ionic Bond: Hydrogen Bond: Covalent Bond: 1 Carbohydrates: >energy yield- >elements- >monomers- >functions- >examples- >misc- Lipids: Proteins: Nucleic Acids: I. Energy

More information

Foundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition

Foundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition Lecture PowerPoint to accompany Foundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition Talaro Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

More information

Chapter 02. Lecture and Animation Outline

Chapter 02. Lecture and Animation Outline Chapter 02 Lecture and Animation Outline To run the animations you must be in Slideshow View. Use the buttons on the animation to play, pause, and turn audio/text on or off. Please Note: Once you have

More information

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Chemical Level of Organization Scuola di Ingegneria Industriale e dell Informazione Course 096125 (095857) Introduction to Green and Sustainable Chemistry The Chemical Level of Organization Prof. (and Ada Truscello) Dept. CMIC http://iscamap.chem.polimi.it/citterio/education/course-topics/

More information

(A) Glucose (B) Amino acids (C) Fatty acids (D) Nucleotides (E) Monosaccharides

(A) Glucose (B) Amino acids (C) Fatty acids (D) Nucleotides (E) Monosaccharides High School Biology - Problem Drill 02: The Chemical Basis of Life Question No. 1 of 10 1. Proteins are composed of which of these monomers? Question #01 (A) Glucose (B) Amino acids (C) Fatty acids (D)

More information

Chemical Principles and Biomolecules (Chapter 2) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus

Chemical Principles and Biomolecules (Chapter 2) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus Chemical Principles and Biomolecules (Chapter 2) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus Primary Source for figures and content: Tortora, G.J. Microbiology

More information

Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life I. Basic Chemistry A. Matter, Mass, and Weight 1. All living and nonliving things are composed of 2. represents the amount of matter. 3. is caused by the gravitational

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Summer Work Quiz - Molecules and Chemistry Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The four most common elements in living organisms

More information

Chemistry in Biology. Section 1. Atoms, Elements, and Compounds

Chemistry in Biology. Section 1. Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Section 1 Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Atoms! Chemistry is the study of matter.! Atoms are the building blocks of matter.! Neutrons and protons are located at the center of the atom.! Protons are positively

More information

Basic Chemistry. Chemistry Review. Bio 250: Anatomy & Physiology

Basic Chemistry. Chemistry Review. Bio 250: Anatomy & Physiology Basic Chemistry Bio 250: Anatomy & Physiology Chemistry Review It is going to be your responsibility to review the basic principles of chemistry you learned in BIO 101 This basic set of notes will help

More information

CHAPTER 2 The Chemical Level of Organization

CHAPTER 2 The Chemical Level of Organization The objectives of tonight's lecture is to: 4. Explain the structure of the atom, including the subatomic particles. Define isotope ion, anion,cation and electrolytes. 5. Differentiate among elements, molecules

More information

Chapter 1 Annotating Outline Honors Biology

Chapter 1 Annotating Outline Honors Biology Chapter 1 Annotating Outline Honors Biology Name: Pd: As you read the textbook, paragraph by paragraph, please annotate in the spaces below. You ll have to answer related questions as you read as well.

More information

2.1 Basic Chemistry 1

2.1 Basic Chemistry 1 2.1 Basic Chemistry 1 A. Introduction 1. Matter anything that takes up space and has mass 2. States of matter a. Solid b. Liquid c. Gas 2 B. Elements and Atoms 1. Elements basic substances that make up

More information

The Chemistry of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Mindy Miller-Kittrell, North Carolina State University C H A P T E R 2 The Chemistry of Microbiology Atoms Matter anything that takes up space and has mass

More information

Chapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body

Chapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body Chapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body 1. In an atom, the number of Student: A. Protons always equals the number of neutrons B. Of protons always equals the number of electrons C. Of neutrons always

More information

Teacher Instructions

Teacher Instructions Teacher Instructions To print handouts for students Go to File print, change Print what: to handouts, change # per page if desired to enlarge slides on page Change Print range to slides and type in slide

More information

BIOCHEMISTRY BIOCHEMISTRY INTRODUCTION ORGANIZATION? MATTER. elements into the order and appearance we now

BIOCHEMISTRY BIOCHEMISTRY INTRODUCTION ORGANIZATION? MATTER. elements into the order and appearance we now BIOCHEMISTRY MR. HULSE BVHS BIOLOGY MATTER Matter - anything that occupies space and has mass Lacked clarity and flow BIOCHEMISTRY INTRODUCTION Biochemistry study of chemical and physiological process

More information

Chapter 2 Chemistry. The chemical compositions of the body s structures determine their function.

Chapter 2 Chemistry. The chemical compositions of the body s structures determine their function. Chapter 2 Chemistry The chemical compositions of the body s structures determine their function. I. Basic Chemistry Chemistry is the scientific discipline concerned with the atomic composition and structure

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. AP Biology Exam 1: The Chemistry of Life Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Matter A) has mass. B) All of the choices are correct.

More information

The Chemistry of Life. Chapter 2

The Chemistry of Life. Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Chapter 2 Sec. 2-1 The Nature of Matter Atoms An atom is the basic unit of matter. Three subatomic particles make up atoms: protons (positive charge + ) neutrons (no charge) electrons

More information

Biology 30 The Chemistry of Living Things

Biology 30 The Chemistry of Living Things Biology 30 The Chemistry of Living Things Hierarchy of organization: Chemistry: MATTER: Periodic Table: ELEMENT: Ex. oxygen, gold, copper, carbon COMPOUND: Ex. salt (NaCl), H 2 O ELEMENTS ESSENTIAL TO

More information

2/21/2011. The Chemistry of Life. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space States of matter? Atoms, Ions and Molecules. Water and Mixtures

2/21/2011. The Chemistry of Life. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space States of matter? Atoms, Ions and Molecules. Water and Mixtures The hemistry of Life Atoms, Ions and Molecules Water and Mixtures Energy and hemical Reactions Organic ompounds Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space States of matter? Biochemistry the study

More information

Full file at

Full file at MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following is an uncharged particle found in the nucleus of 1) an atom and which has

More information

Full file at Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (Martini/ Bartholomew) Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization

Full file at   Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (Martini/ Bartholomew) Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (Martini/ Bartholomew) Chapter 2 The Chemical Level of Organization Multiple Choice 1) An unstable isotope that emits subatomic particles spontaneously is called A) a

More information

Chapter 2. The Chemistry of Life

Chapter 2. The Chemistry of Life Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Introduction Cells, tissues and organs composed of chemicals Chemical reactions important for function Chemistry is the study of elements, compounds, chemical reactions,

More information

Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes to Life

Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes to Life BIOL 164 Human Biology Ch 2 Chemistry Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes to Life Basic Chemistry Helps Us Understand Human Biology Chemistry Science of the composi9on and proper9es of ma:er Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins,

More information

Chapter 02 Chemical Basis of Life. Multiple Choice Questions

Chapter 02 Chemical Basis of Life. Multiple Choice Questions Seeleys Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology 8th Edition VanPutte Test Bank Full Download: http://testbanklive.com/download/seeleys-essentials-of-anatomy-and-physiology-8th-edition-vanputte-test-bank/

More information

Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of. Organization. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of. Organization. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2: Organization The Chemical Level of Introduction Since chemicals compose your body and all body activities are chemical in nature, it is important to become familiar with the language and fundamental

More information

1) What are the four major elements found in the chemicals that comprise the human body?

1) What are the four major elements found in the chemicals that comprise the human body? Package Title: Testbank Course Title: PAP14 Chapter Number: 02 Question type: Multiple Choice 1) What are the four major elements found in the chemicals that comprise the human body? a) nitrogen, oxygen,

More information

Chapter 6 Chemistry in Biology

Chapter 6 Chemistry in Biology Section 1: Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Section 2: Chemical Reactions Section 3: Water and Solutions Section 4: The Building Blocks of Life Click on a lesson name to select. 6.1 Atoms, Elements, and

More information

Elements and Isotopes

Elements and Isotopes Section 2-1 Notes Atoms Life depends on chemistry. The basic unit of matter is the atom. Atoms are incredibly small The subatomic particles that make up atoms are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Parts

More information

Review_Unit 2 Biochemistry

Review_Unit 2 Biochemistry Review_Unit 2 Biochemistry Basic Chemistry 1. What is an element? A substance that cannot be broken down into smaller particles. 2. What are atoms? The smallest part of an element that still maintains

More information

Full file at

Full file at CHAPTER 2 THE CHEMISTRY OF BIOLOGY Chemistry is introduced in this chapter. Matter, atoms, elements, and molecules are defined. Chemical bonds are discussed in terms of their strength and formation, and

More information

2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY

2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY 1 2: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter provides an overview of basic chemical principles that are important to understanding human physiological function and ultimately homeostasis.

More information

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Exam Name SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Figure 2.1 Using Figure 2.1, match the following: 1) Lipid. 2) Functional protein. 3) Nucleotide.

More information

The Chemistry of Biology

The Chemistry of Biology hapter 2 The hemistry of Biology Atoms, Bonds, and Molecules Matter all materials that occupy space and have mass. Matter is composed of atoms Atom simplest form of matter not divisible into simpler substances

More information

Chapter 6 The Chemistry of Life

Chapter 6 The Chemistry of Life Chapter 6 The Chemistry of Life Atoms: The Building Blocks of Life Both living and non-living things have atoms Everything, living and non, is made of Atoms. An elements is something you can break down

More information

Chapter 2 Concepts of Chemistry

Chapter 2 Concepts of Chemistry Anatomy Physiology and Disease for the Health Professions 3rd Edition Booth Test Bank Full Download: http://testbanklive.com/download/anatomy-physiology-and-disease-for-the-health-professions-3rd-edition-booth-te

More information

Botany The Nature of Life

Botany The Nature of Life Botany The Nature of Life I. Attributes of Living Organisms A. It would seem a simple thing to define life, but it actually isn t. Many of the characteristics of life can be found in nonliving things.

More information

Biology. Chapter 2 Notes

Biology. Chapter 2 Notes Biology Chapter 2 Notes Section 1: Nature of Matter Objectives: 1) Differentiate between atoms and elements 2) Analyze how compounds are formed 3) Distinguish between covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds and

More information

Chapter Two Test Chemistry. 1. If an atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is A. 1 C. 12 B. 11 D. 23

Chapter Two Test Chemistry. 1. If an atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is A. 1 C. 12 B. 11 D. 23 Name Chapter Two Test Chemistry 1. If an atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is A. 1 C. 12 B. 11 D. 23 2. The nucleus is made up of all of the following: A. Electrons C. Protons

More information

BIOCHEMISTRY GUIDED NOTES - AP BIOLOGY-

BIOCHEMISTRY GUIDED NOTES - AP BIOLOGY- BIOCHEMISTRY GUIDED NOTES - AP BIOLOGY- ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS - anything that has mass and takes up space. - cannot be broken down to other substances. - substance containing two or more different elements

More information

BIOLOGY II ORGANIC CHEMISTRY UNIT

BIOLOGY II ORGANIC CHEMISTRY UNIT BIOLOGY II ORGANIC CHEMISTRY UNIT ELEMENTS AND ATOMS Matter Anything that takes up space. Three classes of matter: Elements contain only 1 type of atom Compounds 2 or more elements combined in a chemical

More information

PRESENTATION TITLE. Chemistry. Chemistry

PRESENTATION TITLE. Chemistry. Chemistry PRESENTATION TITLE Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry is the study of the smallest forms of matter and their interactions. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Generally, chemistry deals with

More information

UNIT 1: BIOCHEMISTRY

UNIT 1: BIOCHEMISTRY UNIT 1: BIOCHEMISTRY UNIT 1: Biochemistry Chapter 6.1: Chemistry of Life I. Atoms, Ions, and Molecules A. Living things consist of atoms of different elements 1. An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter

More information

Human Biology. The Chemistry of Living Things. Concepts and Current Issues. All Matter Consists of Elements Made of Atoms

Human Biology. The Chemistry of Living Things. Concepts and Current Issues. All Matter Consists of Elements Made of Atoms 2 The Chemistry of Living Things PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation Robert J. Sullivan, Marist College Michael D. Johnson Human Biology Concepts and Current Issues THIRD EDITION Copyright 2006 Pearson

More information

Chemistry of Life. Chapter 2

Chemistry of Life. Chapter 2 Chemistry of Life Chapter 2 Elements Simplest form of matter Made of atoms of one type Cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances About 117 known elements The Periodic Table of Elements Each

More information

Unit Two Chemistry of the Human Body

Unit Two Chemistry of the Human Body I. Introduction to atoms Unit Two Chemistry of the Human Body A. Chemistry is the branch of science that concerns itself with the structure of matter, including the interaction between atoms. 1. Atoms-

More information

NORTH CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL NOTE & STUDY GUIDE. Honors Biology I

NORTH CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL NOTE & STUDY GUIDE. Honors Biology I NOTE/STUDY GUIDE: Unit 1-2, Biochemistry Honors Biology I, Mr. Doc Miller, M.Ed. North Central High School Name: Period: Seat #: Date: NORTH CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL NOTE & STUDY GUIDE Honors Biology I Unit

More information

Chemistry Comes to Life

Chemistry Comes to Life BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 2 Chemistry Comes to Life Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University of Hawaii

More information

What Mad Pursuit (1988, Ch.5) Francis Crick (1916 ) British molecular Biologist 12 BIOLOGY, CH 1

What Mad Pursuit (1988, Ch.5) Francis Crick (1916 ) British molecular Biologist 12 BIOLOGY, CH 1 1 Almost all aspects of life are engineered at the molecular level, and without understanding molecules we can only have a very sketchy understanding of life itself. What Mad Pursuit (1988, Ch.5) Francis

More information

Chapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body

Chapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body Chapter 02 Chemical Composition of the Body Multiple Choice Questions 1. Water makes up of the total body weight of an average adult. A. 50-60% B. 55-65% C. 60-70% D. 65-75% Learning Outcome: 02.01 2.

More information

Bio110 Lab 3: Basic Chemistry A. Carranza

Bio110 Lab 3: Basic Chemistry A. Carranza NAME Basic Chemistry The following chart lists the important elements found in cytoplasm by weight. On the chart, fill in the symbol and the number of electrons found in each element Use the periodic table

More information

2.1 Matter and Organic Compounds

2.1 Matter and Organic Compounds 2.1 Matter and Organic Compounds Lesson 2.1: True or False Write true if the statement is true or false if the statement is false. 1. An atom is smaller than an element. 2. Organic compounds are found

More information

ATom,ion, molwcul in the dily live

ATom,ion, molwcul in the dily live ATom,ion, molwcul in the dily live Chemistry of Life All matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms. There are 109 types of atoms. A substance made up of one kind of atom is called an element. An

More information