Chemistry 12. Bronsted Acids and Equilibria

Transcription

1 Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria Name Date Due Hand In With Corrections by Chemistry 12 Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria Write the formula for a proton 2. Write the formula for a hydrated proton 3. Write the formula for a hydronium ion 4. Give the Arrhenius definition of an acid 5. Give the Arrhenius definition of a base 6. Give the Bronsted definition of an acid 7. Give the Bronsted definition of a base 8. Given the equation: HCO 3 + H 2 S H 2 CO 3 + HS a) The acid on the left side is b) The base on the left side is 11 c) The acid on the right side is d) The base on the right side is Chemistry 12Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria Page 1 of 6 Pages

2 Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria 9. Find the conjugate acids of each of the following (5 marks) a) HPO 4 2 b) PO 4 3 c) HSO 4 d) NH 3 e) H 2 PO Find the conjugate bases of each of the following (5 marks) a) H 2 PO 4 b) H 3 PO 4 c) HSO 4 d) H 2 O e) HPO Give the formulas of a conjugate acid/base pair in which the dihydrogen citrate ion is the conjugate base.(2 marks) Conjugate acid Conjugate base 12. Give the formulas of a conjugate acid/base pair in which the dihydrogen citrate ion is the conjugate acid.(2 marks) Conjugate acid Conjugate base 13. Is the dihydrogen citrate ion amphiprotic?(1mark) 16 Explain your answer. Chemistry 12Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria Page 2 of 6 Pages

3 Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria 14. Give the correct formulas and names of 4 amphiprotic anions. (Don t forget that anions have a negative charge!) (8 marks) 1. Formula Name 2. Formula Name 3. Formula Name 4. Formula Name 15. What is the strongest acid that can exist in aqueous solution? 16. What is the strongest base that can exist in aqueous solution? 17. What would have the higher [H 3 O + ] in water, 10.0 M HClO 4 or 1.0 M HClO What would have the higher [H 3 O + ] in water, 10.0 M HClO 4 or 10.0 M HNO 2? 19. What would have the higher [H 3 O + ] in water, 1.0 M HIO 3 or 1.0 M H 2 SO 3? 20. What would have the higher [H 3 O + ] in water, 1.0 M NH + 4 or 1.0 M HF? 21. Which is the stronger acid, HSO 3 or HC 2 O 4? 22. Which is the stronger acid, HSO 3 or HSO 4? 23. Which is the stronger acid, HPO 2 4 or HSO 3? Which is the stronger base, HPO 4 2 or HSO 3? 25. Which is the stronger base, HSO 3 or HSO 4? Chemistry 12Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria Page 3 of 6 Pages

4 Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria 26. Which is the stronger base, HCO 3 or HCOO? 27. Classify each of the following as: a strong acid (SA), weak acid (WA), strong base (SB), weak base (WB) or a spectator ion (S). (10 marks) a) F f) Cl b) HIO 3 g) NH 3 c) NO 3 h) O 2 d) HClO 4 i) CH 3 COOH e) C 2 O 4 2 j) ClO What is the [OH ] in a solution made by adding moles of calcium oxide to ml water? Be careful! (2 marks) 29. What is the [H 3 O + ] in a solution made by adding moles of nitric acid to ml of water? (2 marks) 30. If 0.10 M HSO 3 is mixed with 0.10 M HC 2 O 4, which species will donate a proton? 31. If 0.10 M HSO 4 is mixed with 0.10 M HC 6 H 5 O 7 2, which species will donate a proton? 17 Chemistry 12Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria Page 4 of 6 Pages

5 Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria 32. If 0.10 M HSO 3 is mixed with 0.10 M HC 6 H 5 O 7 2, which species will donate a proton? 33. If 0.10 M HCO 3 is mixed with 0.10 M HC 2 O 4, which species will accept a proton? 34. If 0.10 M HS is mixed with 0.10 M NO 2, which species will accept a proton? 35. If 0.10 M H 2 SO 4 is mixed with 0.10 M HPO 4 2, which species will accept a proton? 36. a) Write the balanced equation which describes the equilibrium present when 0.1 M H 2 SO 3 is mixed with 0.1 M NO 2. b) For this reaction, equilibrium tends to favour the (reactants/products) Answer c) For this reaction the value of Keq is (<1, >1 or about =1) 37. a) Write the balanced equation which describes the equilibrium present when 0.1 M HSO 3 is mixed with 0.1 M HC 2 O 4. b) For this reaction, equilibrium tends to favour the (reactants/products) Answer 10 c) For this reaction the value of Keq is (<1, >1 or about =1) Chemistry 12Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria Page 5 of 6 Pages

6 Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria 38. a) Write the balanced equation which describes the equilibrium present when 0.1 M HPO 4 2 is mixed with 0.1 M H 2 C 6 H 5 O 7. b) For this reaction, equilibrium tends to favour the (reactants/products) Answer c) For this reaction the value of Keq is (<1, >1 or about =1) 39. The Keq for the reaction: HA 2 B + CD HCD + A 2 B is a) Which is the stronger conjugate acid in the above equilibrium? b) Which is the stronger conjugate base in the above equilibrium? 40. The Keq for the reaction: H 2 X + YZ HYZ + HX is 3.4 x 10 5 a) Which is the stronger conjugate acid in the above equilibrium? b) Which is the stronger conjugate base in the above equilibrium? 41. Equilibrium always favours the (stronger/weaker) acid 42. Equilibrium always favours the (stronger/weaker) base 9 Chemistry 12Worksheet 42 Bronsted Acids and Equilibria Page 6 of 6 Pages