Precious metal recovery from nanowaste for sustainable nanotechnology: Current challenges and life cycle considerations
|
|
- Dorthy Madlyn Ellis
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Precious metal recovery from nanowaste for sustainable nanotechnology: Current challenges and life cycle considerations Dr. Peter Vikesland Dr. Sean McGinnis Paramjeet Pati SUN-SNO-GUIDENANO Conference 2015
2 Synthetic Chemicals sodium borohydride hydrazine Green Chemicals cinnamon coriander leaves grape pomace cypress leaves s o y b e a n
3 Cumulative Energy Demand (MJ) 1.0 Error bars represent 95% confidence interval borohydride Uncertainty results from gold salt model and energy use citrate hydrazine soybean seed sugarbeet pulp
4 6 Cumulative Energy Demand (MJ) Strong reducing agents (100% yield assumed) Reported yields 100% yield (assumed) 75% yield (assumed) 50% yield (assumed) From a life cycle perspective, gold NP synthesis using bio-based ( green ) reducing agents can have substantial environmental impacts. borohydride citrate grape pomace hydrazine cypress leaf extract C. camphora vitamin B cinnamon ginseng soybean seed mushroom C.album extract D-glucose sugarbeet pulp soybean seed extract coriander Life Cycle Assessment of Green Nanoparticle Synthesis Methods, Environmental Engineering Science (2014). Paramjeet Pati, Sean McGinnis and Peter J. Vikesland.
5 If gold is the key driver of life cycle impacts, can we reduce impacts by recovering/recycling gold? 1 mg Gold NPs The embodied energy of gold drives most of the life cycle impacts of gold nanoparticle synthesis. Gold Salt Sodium Citrate Deionized Water Tap Water Cleaning Solvent Stirring Heating Gold Chlorine Citric Acid Sodium Carbonate HCl HNO 3 Electrical Energy (Red flow lines show the energy associated with each input. Thicker lines imply higher energy inputs.)
6
7 Background Research Gap Method Life Cycle Assessment Results Conclusions Recovering gold from nanowaste using α-cyclodextrin AuBr 4 - K(OH 2 ) 6 + Hydrogen bonding AuBr 4 -
8 Selective isolation of gold facilitated by second-sphere coordination with α-cyclodextrin. Nature Communications, Liu et al. (2013)
9 Gold nanowaste Precipitation Schematic of gold recycling experiments Precipitation of gold using Na 2 S 2 O 5 Dissolution in HBr/HNO 3 Selective recovery of gold using α-cyclodextrin Sonication (Resuspension) Filtration HCl/HNO 3 Reduction HAuCl 4 solution Gold nanoparticles
10 Powder XRD
11 Absorbance Background Research Gap Method Life Cycle Assessment Results Conclusions 2 UV-vis 1,5 1 0,5 HAuCl 4 solution Wavelength (nm) Stock_HAuCl4 Recycled_HAuCl4
12 Calculated d-spacing (Å) 1.25, d-spacing for gold (Å) 1.23, Gold nanoparticles Diffraction
13 Can we recover gold from nanowaste? Yes, we can. (But should we?)
14 Gold HAuCl 4 HNO 3 Aqua regia Other chemicals 1 mg AuNP HCl Citrate DI water Water Electricity Synthesis Cleaning water Cooling water Stirring Heating
15 Precipitation Dissolution in HBr/HNO 3 Gold nanowaste Selective recovery of gold using α-cyclodextrin Filtration Precipitation of gold using Na 2 S 2 O 5 Sonication (Resuspension) HCl/HNO 3 Reduction HAuCl 4 solution Gold nanoparticles
16 HBr HNO 3 Dissolution in HBr/HNO 3 Recycle 1 mg AuNP α-cd Precipitate NaCl Gold-CD complex Precipitate & resuspend the complex HAuCl 4 from recovered gold Recover gold precipitate HCl HNO 3 Electricity To waste treatment NaHSO 5 Heating
17 Synthesis Recycling
18 Synthesis Recycling Actual LCA model for 90% recycle scenario
19 Note: 10% recycle means: 10% of the gold nanowaste is recovered and reused for gold nanoparticle synthesis. The rest 90% gold is not recovered, and goes into waste disposal. 10% recycle 50% recycle 90% recycle Dispose all gold as waste
20 Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals 10% recycle 50% recycle 90% recycle Dispose all gold as waste
21 Hmm.. overlapping error bars means the difference isn t statistically significant, right? Makes no difference whether we recycle or not WRONG! You have correlated uncertainties!
22 Correlated uncertainties in LCA: An example Comparing 1 kg of product A vs. 1 kg of Product B: Product A Product B Aluminium 1 kg 0.8 kg Cast iron 1 kg 0.8 kg Polystyrene 1 kg 0.8 kg (Product B uses 20% less inputs compared to Product A. There are no extra, hidden inputs in products A and B) Q: Which of the two has a lower environmental impact? a) Product A b) Product B c) It depends d) Is this a trick question?
23 Q: Which of the two has a lower environmental impact? a) Product A b) Product B c) It depends d) Is this a trick question? The key here: correlated uncertainties. All three inputs (aluminium, cast iron and polystyrene) have uncertainties that are common to both Product A and Product B.
24
25 Metal depletion
26 Metal depletion Freshwater ecotoxicity Climate change
27 Marine ecotoxicity Freshwater ecotoxicity Terrestrial ecotoxicity Marine eutrophication Fossil depletion Metal depletion Water depletion Natural land transformation Urban land occupation Agricultural land occupation Ionizing radiation Particulate matter formation Photochemical oxidant formation Human toxicity Freshwater eutrophication Terrestrial acidification Ozone depletion Climate change
28 Metal depletion 10% recycle 50% recycle 90% recycle Dispose all gold as waste
29 Metal depletion
30 Fossil depletion Water depletion Natural land transformation Agricultural land occupation Ionizing radiation Terrestrial ecotoxicity Particulate matter formation Photochemical oxidant formation Human toxicity Terrestrial acidification Ozone depletion Climate change Metal depletion Urban land occupation Marine ecotoxicity Freshwater ecotoxicity Marine eutrophication Freshwater eutrophication
31 Fossil depletion Water depletion Agricultural land occupation Ionizing radiation Terrestrial ecotoxicity Particulate matter formation Terrestrial acidification Ozone depletion Climate change Human toxicity Metal depletion Natural land transformation Urban land occupation Marine ecotoxicity Freshwater ecotoxicity Photochemical oxidant formation Marine eutrophication Freshwater eutrophication
32 Fossil depletion Water depletion Agricultural land occupation Ionizing radiation Ozone depletion Climate change Terrestrial ecotoxicity Human toxicity Metal depletion Natural land transformation Urban land occupation Marine ecotoxicity Freshwater ecotoxicity Particulate matter formation Photochemical oxidant formation Marine eutrophication Freshwater eutrophication Terrestrial acidification
33 Synthesis Recycling High impacts in climate change and fossil fuel depletion are driven by mainly the boiling step in the recovery process. 90% recycle scenario
34 Fossil depletion Water depletion Agricultural land occupation Ionizing radiation Ozone depletion Climate change Terrestrial ecotoxicity Human toxicity Metal depletion Natural land transformation Urban land occupation Marine ecotoxicity Freshwater ecotoxicity Particulate matter formation Photochemical oxidant formation Marine eutrophication Freshwater eutrophication Terrestrial acidification
35
36 Conclusion: Gold recovery from nanowaste is feasible Even at low yields, recovery beats regular gold nanowaste disposal Challenges: Reducing the energy footprint of the recovery step. Refining the models to account for different waste disposal and recovery scenarios (e.g., recovery but no reuse).
37 Acknowledgments Dr. Sean McGinnis Director, Green Engineering Program, Virginia Tech Leejoo Wi Undergraduate researcher (Vikesland group) Virginia Tech Centre for Sustainable Nanotechnology (VTSuN) Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS)
38 Spam slides Here be dragons
39 Synthesis Recycling HAuCl Gold 1: Gold obtained from mining 2: Gold from recycling 90% recycle
40 Synthesis Recycling 2 1 1: Gold obtained from mining 2: Gold from recycling 50% recycle
41 Synthesis Recycling 2 1 1: Gold obtained from mining 2: Gold from recycling 10% recycle
42
43
44
45 Precipitation Dissolution in HBr/HNO 3 Gold nanowaste Selective recovery of gold using α-cyclodextrin Filtration Precipitation of gold using Na 2 S 2 O 5 Sonication (Resuspension) HCl/HNO 3 Reduction HAuCl 4 solution Gold nanoparticles
46 Sodium borohydride Gold-cyclodextrin complex Gold nanoparticles
47 cps/ev AuNPs K Au O Br Au K Au kev EDS spectra showed the signature peaks for Au, Br, K, O No AuNPs
48 (a) SEM images of a crystalline sample prepared by spin-coating an aqueous suspension of α Br onto a silicon substrate, and then air-drying the suspension. (b) TEM images of α Br prepared by drop-casting an aqueous suspension of α Br onto a specimen grid covered with a thin carbon support film and air-dried. (c) Cryo-TEM image (left) and SAED pattern (right) of the nanostructures of α Br. As the selected area includes several crystals with different orientations and the crystals are so small that the diffraction intensities are relatively weak, we can assign the diffraction rings composed of diffraction dots but not the specific angles between different diffraction dots from the same crystal. The scale bars in a and b are 25 (left), 5 (right), 10 (left), 5 μm (right) and in c are 1 μm (left) and 1 nm 1 (right), respectively. Selective isolation of gold facilitated by second-sphere coordination with α-cyclodextrin. Nature Communications, Liu et al. (2013)
49 Selective isolation of gold facilitated by second-sphere coordination with α-cyclodextrin. Nature Communications, Liu et al. (2013)
50 Selective isolation of gold facilitated by second-sphere coordination with α-cyclodextrin. Nature Communications, Liu et al. (2013)
UV-vis Analysis of the Effect of Sodium Citrate on the Size and the Surface Plasmon Resonance of Au NPs. Eman Mousa Alhajji
UV-vis Analysis of the Effect of Sodium Citrate on the Size and the Surface Plasmon Resonance of Au NPs Eman Mousa Alhajji North Carolina State University Department of Materials Science and Engineering
More informationSelf-assembly of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles. with Satellite Structures as Seeds
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 216 Electronic Supplementary Information for Self-assembly of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles with Satellite
More informationSupporting Information:
Supporting Information: In Situ Synthesis of Magnetically Recyclable Graphene Supported Pd@Co Core-Shell Nanoparticles as Efficient Catalysts for Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane Jun Wang,
More informationCHAPTER 3. FABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES OF CdSe/ZnS / Au NANOPARTICLES AND NANODEVICES. 3.1 THE SYNTHESIS OF Citrate-Capped Au NANOPARTICLES
CHAPTER 3 FABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES OF CdSe/ZnS / Au NANOPARTICLES AND NANODEVICES 3.1 THE SYNTHESIS OF Citrate-Capped Au NANOPARTICLES Au NPs with ~ 15 nm were prepared by citrate reduction of HAuCl 4
More informationGraphene synthesis Supporting information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Green Chemistry. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Graphene synthesis Supporting information S 1. Life cycle inventory analysis: Lab scale
More informationCHAPTER 3. OPTICAL STUDIES ON SnS NANOPARTICLES
42 CHAPTER 3 OPTICAL STUDIES ON SnS NANOPARTICLES 3.1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, considerable interest has been shown on semiconducting nanostructures owing to their enhanced optical and electrical
More informationCase Study: Life Cycle Assessment Of Plastic Shoe Rack Using Injection Molding Machine
Case Study: Life Cycle Assessment Of Plastic Shoe Rack Using Injection Molding Machine SHARAH YUNIHAR SAPUTRA, DR. JESSICA HANAFI UNIVERSITAS PELITA HARAPAN Background Plastic industries in Indonesia is
More informationSupporting Information for. Chad A. Mirkin* Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University,
S1 Supporting Information for Observation of a Quadrupole Plasmon Mode for a Colloidal Solution of Gold Nanoprisms Jill E. Millstone, Sungho Park, Kevin L. Shuford, Lidong Qin, George C. Schatz, and Chad
More informationSupporting Information. Temperature dependence on charge transport behavior of threedimensional
Supporting Information Temperature dependence on charge transport behavior of threedimensional superlattice crystals A. Sreekumaran Nair and K. Kimura* University of Hyogo, Graduate School of Material
More informationOne-pot, green, rapid synthesis of flower-like gold. nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide with. regenerated silk fibroin as efficient oxygen reduction
Supporting Information One-pot, green, rapid synthesis of flower-like gold nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide with regenerated silk fibroin as efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysts Shengjie Xu,
More informationThree-dimensional Visualization and Quantification of Gold Nanomaterial Deposition and Aggregation in Porous Media via Raman Spectroscopy
Raman Spectroscopy Nanomaterials Exposure? Three-dimensional Visualization and Quantification of Gold Nanomaterial Deposition and Aggregation in Porous Media via Raman Spectroscopy Matthew Y. Chan, Weinan
More informationFabrication and characterization of poly (ethylene oxide) templated nickel oxide nanofibers for dye degradation
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Environmental Science: Nano. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supplementary Information Fabrication and characterization of poly (ethylene
More informationLarge-Scale Synthesis of Transition-metal Doped TiO 2 Nanowires. with Controllable Overpotential
Large-Scale Synthesis of Transition-metal Doped TiO 2 Nanowires with Controllable Overpotential Bin Liu 1, Hao Ming Chen, 1 Chong Liu 1,3, Sean C. Andrews 1,3, Chris Hahn 1, Peidong Yang 1,2,3,* 1 Department
More informationElectronic supplementary information for:
Electronic supplementary information for: Charge-transfer-induced suppression of galvanic replacement and synthesis of (Au@Ag)@Au double shell nanoparticles for highly uniform, robust and sensitive bioprobes
More informationSmall-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS)/X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES).
S1 Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS)/X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES). The combined SAXS/XANES measurements were carried out at the µspot beamline at BESSY II (Berlin, Germany). The beamline
More informationSolution-processable graphene nanomeshes with controlled
Supporting online materials for Solution-processable graphene nanomeshes with controlled pore structures Xiluan Wang, 1 Liying Jiao, 1 Kaixuan Sheng, 1 Chun Li, 1 Liming Dai 2, * & Gaoquan Shi 1, * 1 Department
More informationenzymatic cascade system
Electronic Supplementary Information Fe 3 O 4 -Au@mesoporous SiO 2 microsphere: an ideal artificial enzymatic cascade system Xiaolong He, a,c Longfei Tan, a Dong Chen,* b Xiaoli Wu, a,c Xiangling Ren,
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Dynamic Interaction between Methylammonium Lead Iodide and TiO 2 Nanocrystals Leads to Enhanced Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution from HI Splitting Xiaomei Wang,, Hong Wang,, Hefeng Zhang,,
More informationSCIENTIFIC REPORT. regarding the implementation of the project between May December 2014
SCIENTIFIC REPORT regarding the implementation of the project between May 2013 - December 2014 Title of the project: DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BIOMOLECULES OF MEDICAL INTEREST BY USING MAGNETIC AND
More informationOne-step seeded growth of Au nanoparticles with widely tunable sizes
Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) One-step seeded growth of Au nanoparticles with widely tunable sizes Chuanbo Gao, John Vuong, Qiao Zhang, Yiding Liu and Yadong Yin* Department of Chemistry,
More informationSupplementary Material for. Zinc Oxide-Black Phosphorus Composites for Ultrasensitive Nitrogen
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale Horizons. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supplementary Material for Zinc Oxide-Black Phosphorus Composites for Ultrasensitive
More informationTEM image of derivative 1 and fluorescence spectra of derivative 1 upon addition of
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Green Chemistry. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supramolecular ensemble of PBI derivative and Cu 2 O NPs: Potential photo catalysts for
More informationHigh-Performance Semiconducting Polythiophenes for Organic Thin Film. Transistors by Beng S. Ong,* Yiliang Wu, Ping Liu and Sandra Gardner
Supplementary Materials for: High-Performance Semiconducting Polythiophenes for Organic Thin Film Transistors by Beng S. Ong,* Yiliang Wu, Ping Liu and Sandra Gardner 1. Materials and Instruments. All
More informationSUPPORTING INFORMATION
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 SUPPORTING INFORMATION Synthesis of Circular and Triangular Gold Nanorings with
More informationPermeable Silica Shell through Surface-Protected Etching
Permeable Silica Shell through Surface-Protected Etching Qiao Zhang, Tierui Zhang, Jianping Ge, Yadong Yin* University of California, Department of Chemistry, Riverside, California 92521 Experimental Chemicals:
More informationA supramolecular approach for fabrication of photo- responsive block-controllable supramolecular polymers
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Polymer Chemistry. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supporting Information A supramolecular approach for fabrication of photo- responsive
More information3D Dendritic Gold Nanostructures: Seeded Growth of Multi-Generation Fractal Architecture
-Supporting Information- 3D Dendritic Gold Nanostructures: Seeded Growth of Multi-Generation Fractal Architecture Ming Pan, Shuangxi Xing, Ting Sun, Wenwen Zhou, Melinda Sindoro, Hui Hian Teo, Qingyu Yan,
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supporting Information Au nanoparticles supported on magnetically separable Fe 2 O 3 - graphene
More informationElectronic Supporting Information (ESI): Silver nitrate (99.9%), hydrogen peroxide (30-32 wt. % solution in water (ca M),
Experimental section: Electronic Supporting Information (ESI): Reagents Silver nitrate (99.9%), hydrogen peroxide (30-32 wt. % solution in water (ca.. 10.4 M), semiconductor grade, 99.99), L-arginine (TLC,
More informationChiral Nematic Cellulose / Gold Nanoparticle Composites from Mesoporous Photonic Cellulose
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Chiral Nematic Cellulose / Gold Nanoparticle Composites from Mesoporous Photonic Cellulose Maik
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for:
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Green Chemistry. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) for: A novel photoelectrocatalytic approach for
More information(SERS) cellular imaging. biosynthesized gold. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. nanoparticles. of intracellularly
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) cellular imaging of intracellularly biosynthesized gold nanoparticles Rebecca Halvorson Lahr Peter Vikesland Virginia Tech Civil and Environmental Engineering
More informationSupporting Information s for
Supporting Information s for # Self-assembling of DNA-templated Au Nanoparticles into Nanowires and their enhanced SERS and Catalytic Applications Subrata Kundu* and M. Jayachandran Electrochemical Materials
More informationSupplementary Figure 1 Detailed illustration on the fabrication process of templatestripped
Supplementary Figure 1 Detailed illustration on the fabrication process of templatestripped gold substrate. (a) Spin coating of hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) resist onto the silicon substrate with a thickness
More informationSupporting Information
Gold Nanoparticle-Modified ITO Electrode for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence: Well-Preserved Transparency and Highly-Enhanced Activity Zuofeng Chen and Yanbing Zu * Department of Chemistry, The University
More informationTransient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation in Single Nanoparticle Collision
Supporting Information for: Transient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation in Single Nanoparticle Collision Fan Zhang, Peter A. Defnet, Yunshan Fan, Rui Hao, and Bo Zhang * Department of Chemistry, University
More informationHigh-Purity Separation of Gold Nanoparticle Dimers and Trimers
-Supporting Information- High-Purity Separation of Gold Nanoparticle Dimers and Trimers Gang Chen, Yong Wang, Li Huey Tan, Miaoxin Yang, Lee Siew Tan, Yuan Chen and Hongyu Chen* Division of Chemistry and
More informationoften display a deep green color due to where the SPR occurs (i.e., the wavelength of light that interacts with this specific morphology).
Synthesis-Dependent Catalytic Properties of Gold Nanoparticles Nanoscience is the study of materials that have dimensions, intuitively, on the nanoscale, typically between 1 100 nm. This field has received
More informationBiodegradable Hollow Silica Nanospheres Containing Gold Nanoparticle Arrays
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Biodegradable Hollow Silica Nanospheres Containing Gold Nanoparticle Arrays Domenico Cassano a,b,
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Highly Cross-Linked Imidazolium Salts Entrapped Magnetic Particles Preparation and Applications Paola Agrigento, a Matthias Josef Beier, b Jesper T. N. Knijnenburg, c Alfons Baiker
More informationHighly Sensitive and Selective Colorimetric Visualization of Streptomycin in Raw Milk Using Au Nanoparticles Supramolecular Assembly
SUPPORTING INFORMATION Highly Sensitive and Selective Colorimetric Visualization of Streptomycin in Raw Milk Using Au Nanoparticles Supramolecular Assembly Jiayu Sun, Jiechao Ge, Weimin Liu, Zhiyuan Fan,
More informationSacrifical Template-Free Strategy
Supporting Information Core/Shell to Yolk/Shell Nanostructures by a Novel Sacrifical Template-Free Strategy Jie Han, Rong Chen and Rong Guo* School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University,
More informationA Tunable Process: Catalytic Transformation of Renewable Furfural with. Aliphatic Alcohols in the Presence of Molecular Oxygen. Supporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 A Tunable Process: Catalytic Transformation of Renewable Furfural with Aliphatic
More information1 Electronic Supplementary Information. 3 SERS-based immunoassay on 2D-arrays of core-shell nanoparticles: influence
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 1 Electronic Supplementary Information 2 3 SERS-based immunoassay on 2D-arrays of Au@Ag core-shell
More informationSynthesis of 2 ) Structures by Small Molecule-Assisted Nucleation for Plasmon-Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic Supplementary Information Synthesis of Au@UiO-66(NH 2 ) Structures by Small Molecule-Assisted
More informationScientific report 2016 January September. Designing composite nanoarchitectures for hydrogen production and environmental depollution
Scientific report 2016 January September Designing composite nanoarchitectures for hydrogen production and environmental depollution Synthesis of the spherical Pt nanoparticles We have chosen to synthesize
More informationPhotocatalytic degradation of dyes over graphene-gold nanocomposites under visible light irradiation
Photocatalytic degradation of dyes over graphene-gold nanocomposites under visible light irradiation Zhigang Xiong, Li Li Zhang, Jizhen Ma, X. S. Zhao* Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
More informationA One-Step Low Temperature Processing Route for Organolead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells
Electronic Supplementary Information A One-Step Low Temperature Processing Route for Organolead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells Matthew J. Carnie, a Cecile Charbonneau, a Matthew L. Davies, b Joel Troughton,
More informationTwo-Dimensional (C 4 H 9 NH 3 ) 2 PbBr 4 Perovskite Crystals for. High-Performance Photodetector. Supporting Information for
Supporting Information for Two-Dimensional (C 4 H 9 NH 3 ) 2 PbBr 4 Perovskite Crystals for High-Performance Photodetector Zhenjun Tan,,ǁ, Yue Wu,ǁ, Hao Hong, Jianbo Yin, Jincan Zhang,, Li Lin, Mingzhan
More informationSupplementary Information for. Silver Nanoparticles Embedded Anti-microbial Paints Based on Vegetable Oil
Supplementary Information for Silver Nanoparticles Embedded Anti-microbial Paints Based on Vegetable Oil Ashavani Kumar #, Praveen Kumar Vemula #, Pulickel M. Ajayan, George John * Department of Chemistry,
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. SEM and TEM images of the metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and metal oxide templates.
Supplementary Figure 1. SEM and TEM images of the metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and metal oxide templates. (a) 13 nm Au, (b) 60 nm Au, (c) 3.3 nm Pt, (d) ZnO spheres, (e) Al 2O 3 spheres and (f) Cu 2O cubes.
More informationProbing the Kinetics of Ligand Exchange on Colloidal Gold. Nanoparticles by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
-Supporting Information- Probing the Kinetics of Ligand Exchange on Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Yuhua Feng, Shuangxi Xing, Jun Xu, Hong Wang, Jun Wei Lim, and Hongyu
More information1-amino-9-octadecene, HAuCl 4, hexane, ethanol 55 o C, 16h AuSSs on GO
Supplementary Figures GO Supplementary Figure S1 1-amino-9-octadecene, HAuCl 4, hexane, ethanol 55 o C, 16h AuSSs on GO Schematic illustration of synthesis of Au square sheets on graphene oxide sheets.
More informationdissolved into methanol (20 ml) to form a solution. 2-methylimidazole (263 mg) was dissolved in
Experimental section Synthesis of small-sized ZIF-8 particles (with average diameter of 50 nm): Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (258 mg) was dissolved into methanol (20 ml) to form a solution. 2-methylimidazole (263 mg) was
More informationSupplementary information. Derivatization and Interlaminar Debonding of Graphite-Iron Nanoparticles Hybrid
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. This journal is the Owner Societies 2017 Supplementary information Derivatization and Interlaminar Debonding of Graphite-Iron
More informationNovel fluorescent matrix embedded carbon quantum dots enrouting stable gold and silver hydrosols
Novel fluorescent matrix embedded carbon quantum dots enrouting stable gold and silver hydrosols Shouvik Mitra a, Sourov Chandra b, Prasun Patra a, Panchanan Pramanik b *, Arunava Goswami a * a AERU, Biological
More informationGrowth of silver nanocrystals on graphene by simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and silver ions with a rapid and efficient one-step approach
Growth of silver nanocrystals on graphene by simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and silver ions with a rapid and efficient one-step approach Xiu-Zhi Tang, a Zongwei Cao, b Hao-Bin Zhang, a Jing Liu
More informationIn 1807 Davy did an electrolysis experiment to produce potassium. Davy first tried to electrolyse a solid potassium salt to produce potassium
Q1. This question is about potassium. (a) Humphrey Davy was a professor of chemistry. In 1807 Davy did an electrolysis experiment to produce potassium. Davy first tried to electrolyse a solid potassium
More informationSurfactant-free exfoliation of graphite in aqueous solutions
Surfactant-free exfoliation of graphite in aqueous solutions Karen B. Ricardo, Anne Sendecki, and Haitao Liu * Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.A 1. Materials
More information6. Extraction. A. Background. (a) (b) (c) Figure 1. Mixing of Solvents
6. Extraction A. Background Extraction is a frequently used technique to selectively transfer a compound of interested from one solvent to another. Extraction is based on solubility characteristics of
More informationSupplementary Materials for
Supplementary Materials for A design strategy for the hierarchical fabrication of colloidal hybrid mesostructures Lin Jia, Guangyao Zhao, Weiqing Shi, Neil Coombs, Ilya Gourevich, Gilbert C. Walker, Gerald
More informationInstantaneous reduction of graphene oxide at room temperature
Instantaneous reduction of graphene oxide at room temperature Barun Kuma Burman, Pitamber Mahanandia and Karuna Kar Nanda Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
More informationSynthesis and Bioconjugation of 2 and 3 nm-diameter Gold Cluster Compounds
Supplementary Information Synthesis and Bioconjugation of 2 and 3 nm-diameter Gold Cluster Compounds Christopher J. Ackerson, Pablo D. Jadzinsky, Jonathan Z. Sexton and Roger D. Kornberg Department of
More informationTailoring of Electron Collecting Oxide Nano-Particulate Layer for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells. Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon , Korea
Supporting Information Tailoring of Electron Collecting Oxide Nano-Particulate Layer for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells Seong Sik Shin 1,2,, Woon Seok Yang 1,3,, Eun Joo Yeom 1,4, Seon Joo Lee 1, Nam
More informationMagnetically-driven selective synthesis of Au clusters on Fe 3 O 4 Nanoparticles
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications Magnetically-driven selective synthesis of Au clusters on Fe 3 O 4 Nanoparticles Víctor Sebastian, M. Pilar Calatayud, Gerardo F. Goya
More informationThe Curious Case of Au Nanoparticles
The Curious Case of Au Nanoparticles Industrial reactions performed by metals 1 Low Au reactivity Predictions are typically based on d-band model Hold well for polycrystalline materials Coinage metals
More informationFacile Synthesis of Gold Wavy Nanowires and Investigation of
Supporting Information for Facile Synthesis of Gold Wavy Nanowires and Investigation of Their Growth Mechanism Cun Zhu,, Hsin-Chieh Peng, Jie Zeng, Jingyue Liu, Zhongze Gu and Younan Xia,,* The Wallace
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Fabrication of Cubic Nanocages and Nanoframes by Dealloying Au/Ag Alloy Nanoboxes with an Aqueous Etchant Based on Fe(NO 3 ) 3 or NH 4 OH Xianmao Lu, 1,2 Leslie Au, 1 Joseph McLellan,
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Heteroaggregation of Graphene Oxide with Nanometer- and Micrometer-Sized Hematite Colloids: Influence on Nanohybrid Aggregation and Microparticle Sedimentation Yiping Feng, 1, 2,
More informationSupplementary information. Infra-red Spectroscopy of Size Selected Au 25, Au 38 and
Supplementary information Infra-red Spectroscopy of Size Selected Au 25, Au 38 and Au 144 Ligand Protected Gold Clusters Mostafa Farrag a, Martin Tschurl a, Amala Dass b, Ulrich Heiz a a TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT
More informationDumpling-Like Nanocomplex of Foldable Janus Polymer Sheet and Sphere
Dumpling-Like Nanocomplex of Foldable Janus Polymer Sheet and Sphere Lei Gao, Ke Zhang, and Yongming Chen* Supporting Information Experimental Section Materials The triblock terpolymer, P2VP 310 -b-ptepm
More informationSupporting Information. for. Advanced Materials, adma Wiley-VCH 2008
Supporting Information for Advanced Materials, adma.200701537 Wiley-VCH 2008 69451 Weinheim, Germany Supporting Information (adma.200701537) Nano-Carbon Superhydrophobic Surface Created from Fullerene
More informationRoom Temperature Hydrogen Generation from Hydrous Hydrazine for Chemical Hydrogen Storage
(Supporting Information) Room Temperature Hydrogen Generation from Hydrous Hydrazine for Chemical Hydrogen Storage Sanjay Kumar Singh, Xin-Bo Zhang, and Qiang Xu* National Institute of Advanced Industrial
More informationStructural effects on catalytic activity of carbon-supported magnetite. nanocomposites in heterogeneous Fenton-like reactions
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supplementary Information Structural effects on catalytic activity of carbon-supported magnetite
More informationPhotonic Metal-Polymer Resin Nanocomposites with Chiral Nematic Order
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Photonic Metal-Polymer Resin Nanocomposites with Chiral Nematic Order Vitor M. Zamarion, a,b Mostofa
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Liquid Metal/Metal Oxide Frameworks with Incorporated Ga 2 O 3 for Photocatalysis Wei Zhang, * Boddu S. Naidu, Jian Zhen Ou, Anthony P. O Mullane, Benjamin J. Carey, Yichao Wang,
More informationNovel Supercapacitor Materials Including OLED emitters
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for New Journal of Chemistry. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2015 Supporting Information Novel
More informationElectronic supplementary information. Strong CIE activity, multi-stimuli-responsive fluorescence and data
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry C. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic supplementary information Strong CIE activity, multi-stimuli-responsive
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Wiley-VCH 2008 69451 Weinheim, Germany Supporting information: Iron Nanoparticle Catalyzed Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane for Chemical Hydrogen Storage Jun-Min Yan,
More information1 Supporting Information. 2 Reconfigurable and resettable arithmetic logic units based. 4 Siqi Zhang a, Kun Wang a, Congcong Huang b and Ting Sun a*
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 1 Supporting Information 2 Reconfigurable and resettable arithmetic logic units based 3 on magnetic
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Precisely Controllable Core-Shell Ag@Carbon Dots Nanoparticles: Application to in Situ Super-Sensitive Monitoring of Catalytic Reactions Jing Jin, Shoujun Zhu, Yubin Song, Hongyue
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Supporting Information for Halide-assisted activation of atomic hydrogen for photoreduction on
More informationSupporting information
Supporting information Polymer-Single-Crystal@Nanoparticle Nanosandwich for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Bin Dong, Wenda Wang, David L. Miller, Christopher Y. Li* Department of Material Science
More informationapplied as UV protective films
Nanocomposite gels via in-situ photoinitiation and disassembly of TiO 2 -Clay composites with polymers applied as UV protective films Chuanan Liao, Qing Wu, Teng Su, Da Zhang, Qingsheng Wu and Qigang Wang*
More informationPhotoluminescence enhancement of carbon dots by gold. nanoparticles conjugated via PAMAM dendrimers
Supplementary Information Photoluminescence enhancement of carbon dots by gold nanoparticles conjugated via PAMAM dendrimers Jie Zong, a, b, c Xiaoling Yang, a Adrian Trinchi, b Simon Hardin, b Ivan Cole,
More informationJaemin Kim, Xi Yin, Kai-Chieh Tsao, Shaohua Fang and Hong Yang *
Jaemin Kim, Xi Yin, Kai-Chieh Tsao, Shaohua Fang and Hong Yang * Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 114 Roger Adams Laboratory, MC-712, 600
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Decorating Graphene Sheets with Gold Nanoparticles Ryan Muszynski, Brian Seeger and, Prashant V. Kamat* Radiation Laboratory, Departments of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Chemical
More informationOne-pot Solvent-free Synthesis of Sodium Benzoate from the Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol over Novel Efficient AuAg/TiO 2 Catalysts
Electronic Supplementary Information One-pot Solvent-free Synthesis of Sodium Benzoate from the Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol over Novel Efficient AuAg/TiO 2 Catalysts Ying Wang, Jia-Min Zheng, Kangnian
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Surfactant-Free Preparation of Au@Resveratrol Hollow Nanoparticles with Photothermal Performance and Antioxidant Activity Wenjing Wang, Qi Tang, Tianrong Yu, Xing Li, Yang Gao, Jing
More informationSupplementary Figure 1 A schematic representation of the different reaction mechanisms
Supplementary Figure 1 A schematic representation of the different reaction mechanisms observed in electrode materials for lithium batteries. Black circles: voids in the crystal structure, blue circles:
More information4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes. Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3. C2.1.1a Structure and bonding
Summary of changes This resource outlines the main changes that have been made to the assessment and subject content from our previous GCSE Chemistry (4402) to the new specification (8462). Our new specifications
More informationChemistry Summer Holiday Homework Year Y9 & 10
Chemistry Summer Holiday Homework Year Y9 & 10 1. An atom of aluminium has the symbol (a) Give the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in this atom of aluminium. Number of protons... Number of neutrons...
More informationSupporting Information. Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles as MRI Contrast Agents. J. Ping Liu, b and Jinming Gao a,*
Supporting Information Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles as MRI Contrast Agents Carlos Bárcena, a Amandeep K. Sra, a Girija S. Chaubey, b Chalermchai Khemtong, a J. Ping Liu, b and Jinming Gao a,* a Harold C.
More informationSupplementary Information. Seeding Approach to Noble Metal Decorated Conducting Polymer Nanofiber Network
Supplementary Information Seeding Approach to Noble Metal Decorated Conducting Polymer Nanofiber Network Zhen Liu, Selcuk Poyraz, Yang Liu, Xinyu Zhang* Department of Polymer and Fiber Engineering, Auburn
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Au-HKUST-1 Composite Nanocapsules: Synthesis with a Coordination Replication Strategy and Catalysis on CO Oxidation Yongxin Liu, 1 Jiali Zhang, 1 Lingxiao Song, 1 Wenyuan Xu, 1 Zanru
More informationA green and efficient oxidation of alcohols by supported gold. conditions
A green and efficient oxidation of alcohols by supported gold catalysts using aqueous H 2 O 2 under organic solvent-free conditions Ji Ni, Wen-Jian Yu, Lin He, Hao sun, Yong Cao,* He-Yong He, and Kang-Nian
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Band Gap Tuning of CH 3 NH 3 Pb(Br 1-x Cl x ) 3 Hybrid Perovskite for Blue Electroluminescence Naresh K. Kumawat 1, Amrita Dey 1, Aravindh Kumar 2, Sreelekha P. Gopinathan 3, K.
More informationStructure, morphology and catalytic properties of pure and alloyed Au-ZnO. hierarchical nanostructures
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting information for Structure, morphology and catalytic properties of pure and alloyed
More informationProblem Solving. Redox Equations
Skills Worksheet Problem Solving Redox Equations The feature that distinguishes redox reactions from other types of reactions is that elements change oxidation state by gaining or losing electrons. Compare
More informationKinetically Controlled Seeded Growth Synthesis of Citrate Stabilized Gold. Nanoparticles up to 200 nm: Size Focusing versus.
Kinetically Controlled Seeded Growth Synthesis of Citrate Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles up to 200 nm: Size Focusing versus. Ostwald Ripening Neus G. Bastús, Joan Comenge and Víctor Puntes Additional Results
More information