Year 7 Science. 7C1: The Particle Model. PPA Challenge

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Year 7 Science. 7C1: The Particle Model. PPA Challenge"

Transcription

1 Year 7 Science 7C1: The Particle Model PPA Challenge Name: Form:

2 Task Sheet 1 (Bronze Challenge): The Particle Model Use the words in the box to label the diagram below. This particle diagram shows the arrangement of particles in a This particle diagram shows the arrangement of particles in a This particle diagram shows the arrangement of particles in a... freezing liquid condensing sublimation melting solid evaporating gas

3 Complete the following sentences. 1. The particles in a solid are arranged (in a pattern / randomly). They are held close together by (strong / weak) forces of attraction and can (move / vibrate). 2. The particles in a liquid are arranged (in a pattern / randomly). They are (close together / far apart) and can (move / vibrate) over one another (quickly / slowly). 3. The particles in a gas are arranged (in a pattern / randomly). They are (close together / far apart) and can (move / vibrate) (quickly / slowly). 4. Complete the table below. Solid Liquid Gas Example Can the volume change? Can the shape change? Can it be compressed? Is its density high or low? 5. Solids and liquids cannot be compressed (squashed) because the particles are (far apart / close together) so cannot get (closer together / further apart). 6. Gases can be compressed (squashed) because the particles are (far apart / close together) so can be pushed (closer together / further apart).

4 Task Sheet 2 (Bronze Challenge): Diffusion What happens to particles during diffusion?.. The diagram below shows two gas jars. One is full of bromine gas, the other is full of air; they are separated by a glass disc. When the glass is removed diffusion occurs. Complete the second diagram to show how the particles would be arranged after diffusion. Before diffusion After diffusion Key: = particle of bromine = particle of air

5 Task Sheet 3 (Bronze Challenge): Expansion and Contraction Complete the following sentences. When a solid, liquid or gas is heated it (expands / contracts) because the particles move or vibrate (slower / faster) and (spread out / get closer together). When a solid, liquid or gas is cooled down it (expands / contracts) because the particles move or vibrate (slower / faster) and (spread out / get closer together). The diagram below shows how particles are arranged in a solid that is cold. Draw another diagram to show how the particles would be arranged if the solid was heated. Diagram to show how the particles are arranged in a solid that is cold: Diagram to show how the particles are arranged in a solid that is hot:

6 Task Sheet 4 (Bronze Challenge): The Story of Robert Brown Robert Brown was a Scottish scientist who studied botany the science of plants. One day in 1827 he was using his microscope to look at some pollen grains that were floating in water. To his surprise he noticed that the pollen grains were moving in a strange, zigzag way. He checked his observations carefully and found that they were correct. He knew that pollen came from living plants. At first he thought that the pollen itself might be alive and capable of moving on its own. He tried the experiment again, but instead of pollen he used something that he knew definitely couldn t be alive. The zigzag motion was still there! This really baffled Brown. He reported his results, but could not explain why the pollen moved in this way. The experiment was then forgotten as no-one could come up with a convincing explanation. Nearly eighty years later in 1905 Albert Einstein came up with a theory to explain Brown s observations. He suggested that the pollen grains were being bombarded on all sides by water particles. The water particles were too small to be seen. The effect of lots of the water particles added together was just enough to push the pollen grains around. In 1908 Jean-Baptiste Perrin used Einstein s theory to calculate the size of a water particle (molecule). This estimate suggested that water particles were less than metres (10 9 m) in size. We now call this movement of water molecules Brownian motion (after Robert Brown) and use it to explain why diffusion occurs in liquids. Task: 1. The pictures on the opposite page represent the story you have just read. Put a number in each box to show what order they took place. 2. Which scientist first made the observations of the moving pollen grains? 3. Which scientist successfully explained the observation? 4. How many years were there between the observations and the conclusion? 5. What was Robert Brown s first explanation for the movement of the pollen grains? 6. What non-living grains did Brown use to check his ideas?

7 Number = Number = Perhaps the pollen grains stay alive after they are taken off the plant maybe that s why they can move about I think that the pollen grains that Mr Brown observed are being moved by invisible water molecules. Number = Number = 1827 These pollen grains are moving in a remarkable way. Look at this! The soot is behaving just like the pollen! Number = Number = 1908 If Einstein s formula is correct, water molecules are smaller than a billionth of a metre. This soot is definitely not alive. I do not expect that it will move like the pollen grains. Number = Number = I can see it now the little dots jiggling about. So what do you think makes the pollen move Mr Brown? I ve no idea it s a real mystery to me! That s right it s called Brownian motion, after Robert Brown who first discovered it.

8 Task Sheet 5 (Bronze Challenge): Revision Puzzle a b c d e f g h 1. Write your answers to the clues in the grid above. a) Solids, liquids and gases all have different. b) Everything is made of tiny pieces called. c) Particles in a liquid or a gas can around. d) A has particles that are a long way apart. e) Smells spread through the air by. f) If you pump all the air out of a space, you have a. g) Particles in a solid cannot move around, they can only. h) Solids and liquids both have fixed. 2. Write down the word in the shaded boxes. Now write your own clue for this word.

9 Expansion / mm Task Sheet 6 (Silver Challenge): Which substances expand the most? Bar chart to show how much a 100m length of material expands when heated by 10 C brass iron steel platinum alloy 1. Which material expands the most? 2. Which material expands the least? 3. When answering the next two questions remember to use the PEE (Point Evidence Explain) structure. The evidence should be data from the bar chart. a) Why is oven glass more useful for making dishes to go in the oven and oven windows than normal glass? b) Explain why using steel reinforcing rods in concrete would cause fewer problems than using brass rods during hot weather. concrete ordinary glass oven glass Material

10 Task Sheet 7 (Silver Challenge): Using the Particle Model Choose one of the following examples. In the space on the next page: 1. Describe what is happening in your example. 2. Draw a particle diagram to help you to explain why this is happening. 3. Explain what is happening in your example using ideas about particles. Bike tyres Swimming pool Liz has a mountain bike. She fills her tyres with air. The tyres give a smooth ride because the change shape around small bumps on the road. She tries a new, solid rubber tyre. She finds it very uncomfortable over bumpy ground. Joe and Eve run to the swimming pool. They then have races by running through the water. However hard they try, they run much slower through the water than through the air. Water bed Jack has a water bed. The bed has a big plastic bag filled with water instead of a mattress. He says it is really comfortable because it fits around the shape of his body when he lies down.

11 What is happening in your example? Diagram: Explanation:

12 Task Sheet 8 (Gold Challenge): How does adding salt to water affect the melting point? 1. What does the term melting point mean? 2. The table below shows how the melting point of a solution changes when the concentration of salt is changed. Concentration of Salt / % Melting Point of Solution / C Draw a line graph of melting point of solution (y-axis) against concentration of salt (xaxis). Be careful, the melting points go from 0 C down to -6 C, so the y-axis needs to be drawn below the x-axis rather than above it. Draw your graph on the graph paper on the opposite page using a pencil and ruler. Remember to label each axis with a quantity and a unit and draw a line of best fit through the points. 3. Describe the trend (pattern) shown on your graph What is the melting point of pure water?. 5. What melting point would a 3.5% salt solution have? Estimate the melting point of an 8% salt solution Sea water has an average melting point of -2.4 C. What concentration of salt must it have?. 8. The Dead Sea has a salt concentration of 29%. Assuming the trend in melting points continues after a 6% concentration of salt, what would the melting point be?..

13

14 Task Sheet 9 (Gold Challenge): Air Pressure Read the article below carefully then answer the questions. You might like to highlight key words while you are reading through. Air pressure exceeds 16 horsepower! In 1656 Otto von Guericke arranged a fantastic demonstration in a town called Magdeburg. He pushed together two large metal hemispheres to make a giant ball. The only thing holding them together was a layer of grease and they could easily slide apart. Guericke ordered that a team of eight horses be hitched to each hemisphere. They still couldn t pull them apart! Next, using a modified pump, he removed the air from the two joined hemispheres. Now a person could not pull them apart. In fact, Otto von For centuries, scientists had debated whether it was possible to create a vacuum a space that contained no particles. Many thought it was impossible and the phrase nature abhors a vacuum described their belief. Otto von Guericke showed with his experiment that a vacuum could exist and that the pressure of air particles on the outside of the hemispheres was a very powerful force. Questions:

15 1. What is a hemisphere?.. 2. Add some air particles to the diagrams below to show how the particles would have been arranged BEFORE and AFTER the air was pumped out of the hemispheres. BEFORE AFTER 3. How would the air pressure inside the hemispheres and outside the hemispheres compare BEFORE the air was pumped out of them?.. 4. How would the air pressure inside the hemispheres and outside the hemispheres compare AFTER the air was pumped out of them?.. 5. Why was it so difficult to pull the hemispheres apart? What was keeping them together?

16 What is a vacuum?.. 7. Before Otto von Guericke s demonstration some scientists believed that it was impossible to create a vacuum. Why is it difficult to create a vacuum?.. 8. There was a saying nature abhors a vacuum. What does the word abhors mean? 9. Do some research on Otto von Guericke. Who was he? What else did he discover or invent?

17 Key Words Glossary The Particle Model: particle states of matter solid liquid gas arrangement forces of attraction vibrate property flow volume density compress

18 Physical Changes: change of state melting freezing boiling condensing subliming melting point boiling point energy diffusion gas pressure expand contract

19

Atoms and molecules are in motion and have energy

Atoms and molecules are in motion and have energy Atoms and molecules are in motion and have energy By now you know that substances are made of atoms and molecules. These atoms and molecules are always in motion and have attractions to each other. When

More information

Chapter 3. Preview. Section 1 Three States of Matter. Section 2 Behavior of Gases. Section 3 Changes of State. States of Matter.

Chapter 3. Preview. Section 1 Three States of Matter. Section 2 Behavior of Gases. Section 3 Changes of State. States of Matter. States of Matter Preview Section 1 Three States of Matter Section 2 Behavior of Gases Section 3 Changes of State Concept Mapping Section 1 Three States of Matter Bellringer In the kitchen, you might find

More information

Chapter 8. Chapter 8. Preview. Bellringer. Chapter 8. Particles of Matter. Objectives. Chapter 8. Particles of Matter, continued

Chapter 8. Chapter 8. Preview. Bellringer. Chapter 8. Particles of Matter. Objectives. Chapter 8. Particles of Matter, continued States of Matter Preview Bellringer Section 2 Behavior of Gases In the kitchen, you might find three different forms of water. What are these three forms of water, and where exactly in the kitchen would

More information

States of matter. 22 Science Alive for VELS Level 5

States of matter. 22 Science Alive for VELS Level 5 States of matter E verything around you is made of matter. Anything that has mass and takes up space is matter. The air we breathe, the water we drink and the food we eat are all different types of matter.

More information

Part A (Level 1) A Matching (3 marks, 1 mark each) B True or false questions (7 marks, 1 mark each) Name: ( ) Time and Marks Class: Date:

Part A (Level 1) A Matching (3 marks, 1 mark each) B True or false questions (7 marks, 1 mark each) Name: ( ) Time and Marks Class: Date: S1 Science Test Unit Name: ( ) Time and Marks Class: Date: Part A: 35 min / 100 marks Parts A & B: 45 min / 120 marks Note: 1 Attempt ALL questions. 2 Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Answer

More information

Solids (cont.) Describe the movement of particles in a solid and the forces between them.

Solids (cont.) Describe the movement of particles in a solid and the forces between them. Solids A solid is matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume. The attractive forces between the particles in a solid are strong and pull them close together. Solids (cont.) Describe the movement

More information

Chapter 7.1. States of Matter

Chapter 7.1. States of Matter Chapter 7.1 States of Matter In this chapter... we will learn about matter and different states of matter, many of which we are already familiar with! Learning about Kinetic Molecular Theory will help

More information

SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES

SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES CHAPTER 2 SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES SECTION 2 1 States of Matter (pages 56-60) This section explains how shape, volume, and the motion of particles are useful in describing solids, liquids, and gases.

More information

KINETIC PARTICLE THEORY

KINETIC PARTICLE THEORY KINETIC PARTICLE THEORY IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS: The mixing process in gases or solutions due to the random motion of particles is called Diffusion. The process by which a liquid changes into a vapour at

More information

How Does the Sun s Energy Cause Rain?

How Does the Sun s Energy Cause Rain? 1.2 Investigate 3.3 Read How Does the Sun s Energy Cause Rain? In the water-cycle simulation, you observed water change from a liquid to a gas, and then back to a liquid falling to the bottom of the container.

More information

5.4 The Kinetic Molecular Theory and Changes of State

5.4 The Kinetic Molecular Theory and Changes of State 5.4 The Kinetic Molecular Theory and Changes of State Chemists know that they will probably never be able to observe exactly what is happening in a chemical reaction. Observation is a powerful tool of

More information

Saturday Science Lesson Plan Fall 2008

Saturday Science Lesson Plan Fall 2008 Saturday Science Lesson Plan Fall 2008 LEARNING OBJECTIVES STANDARDS 1.1.1 Observe, describe, draw, and sort objects carefully to learn about them. 1.2.6 Describe and compare objects in terms of number,

More information

Foundations of Chemistry

Foundations of Chemistry Foundations of Chemistry Physical Changes Key Concepts How can a change in energy affect the state of matter? What happens when something dissolves? What is meant by conservation of mass? What do you think?

More information

Name Date Block LESSON CLUSTER 6: Expansion and Contraction

Name Date Block LESSON CLUSTER 6: Expansion and Contraction LESSON CLUSTER 6: Expansion and Contraction Did you know that when you say that something is hot or cold, you are actually saying something about the molecules of that substance? Words like hot and cold

More information

Matter, Atoms & Molecules

Matter, Atoms & Molecules Matter, Atoms & Molecules Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. All matter is made of tiny particles called atoms, which are too small to see with the naked eye. Matter Matter is anything

More information

SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES

SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES CHEMIS TRY CONTENTS 17 SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES 17 Solids, Liquids and Gases 147 18 Solutions and Crystallisation 155 19 Separating Mixtures 162 20 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures 171 All materials exist

More information

Solids, Liquids & Gases

Solids, Liquids & Gases Solids, Liquids & Gases Density & Pressure...1 Density...1 Formula...1 Common densities...2 Pressure...3 Pressure in Liquids...3 Nice to know: External Pressure exerted on a closed container...4 Change

More information

1. (a) Methane can be a gas, a liquid or a solid. In the diagram below, arrows P, Q, R and S represent changes of state.

1. (a) Methane can be a gas, a liquid or a solid. In the diagram below, arrows P, Q, R and S represent changes of state. 1. (a) Methane can be a gas, a liquid or a solid. In the diagram below, arrows P, Q, R and S represent changes of state. The boxes on the right show the arrangement of particles of methane in the three

More information

Forces. Unit 2. Why are forces important? In this Unit, you will learn: Key words. Previously PHYSICS 219

Forces. Unit 2. Why are forces important? In this Unit, you will learn: Key words. Previously PHYSICS 219 Previously Remember From Page 218 Forces are pushes and pulls that can move or squash objects. An object s speed is the distance it travels every second; if its speed increases, it is accelerating. Unit

More information

HEAT HISTORY. D. Whitehall

HEAT HISTORY. D. Whitehall 1 HEAT HISTORY 18 th Century In the 18 th century it was assumed that there was an invisible substance called caloric. When objects got it was assumed that they gained caloric, therefore hot objects should

More information

CHM Solids, Liquids, and Phase Changes (r15) Charles Taylor 1/9

CHM Solids, Liquids, and Phase Changes (r15) Charles Taylor 1/9 CHM 111 - Solids, Liquids, and Phase Changes (r15) - 2015 Charles Taylor 1/9 Introduction In CHM 110, we used kinetic theory to explain the behavior of gases. Now, we will discuss solids and liquids. While

More information

W X gas liquid solid Y Z. C X and Y D Y and Z X Y Z. C Z to X D Z to Y

W X gas liquid solid Y Z. C X and Y D Y and Z X Y Z. C Z to X D Z to Y 1 In which changes do the particles move further apart? W X gas liquid solid Y Z W and X W and Z X and Y Y and Z 2 iagrams X, Y and Z represent the three states of matter. X Y Z Which change occurs during

More information

5th Grade. Slide 1 / 67. Slide 2 / 67. Slide 3 / 67. Matter and Its Interactions. Table of Contents: Matter and Its Interactions

5th Grade. Slide 1 / 67. Slide 2 / 67. Slide 3 / 67. Matter and Its Interactions. Table of Contents: Matter and Its Interactions Slide 1 / 67 Slide 2 / 67 5th Grade Matter and Its Interactions 2015-11-02 www.njctl.org Table of Contents: Matter and Its Interactions Slide 3 / 67 Click on the topic to go to that section What Is Matter?

More information

TEACHER NOTES: ICE CUBE POSTER

TEACHER NOTES: ICE CUBE POSTER TEACHER NOTES: NATIONAL CURRICULUM LINKS THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF MATTER the properties of the different states of matter (solid, liquid and gas) in terms of the particle model, including gas pressure

More information

States of Matter. Changes in State

States of Matter. Changes in State CHAPTER 8 States of Matter LESSON 2 Changes in State What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column if you agree with

More information

Heating and Cooling Explained By The Particle Model. Notes: Part 2/4

Heating and Cooling Explained By The Particle Model. Notes: Part 2/4 Heating and Cooling Explained By The Particle Model Notes: Part 2/4 Particles are the building blocks of all things. What are Particles? Some people call them molecules. Particles are NOT alive. How many

More information

KS3 Science. Heat and Energy

KS3 Science. Heat and Energy KS3 Science Heat and Energy Heat and Energy Key Words Write a definition for each of the key words listed below Key words States of matter Melt Freeze Evaporate Condense Heat Conduction Convention Radiation

More information

Foundations of Chemistry

Foundations of Chemistry Name Foundations of Chemistry What is matter, and how does it change? Date Before You Read Before you read the chapter, think about what you know about matter and how it changes Record three things that

More information

6-3 Particle model of matter Physics

6-3 Particle model of matter Physics 6-3 Particle model of matter Physics.0 A teacher uses a tray filled with table tennis balls to model how particles are arranged in materials, as shown in Figure Figure. Initially the balls are arranged

More information

Chapter 14 9/21/15. Solids, Liquids & Gasses. Essential Questions! Kinetic Theory! Gas State! Gas State!

Chapter 14 9/21/15. Solids, Liquids & Gasses. Essential Questions! Kinetic Theory! Gas State! Gas State! Chapter 14 Solids, Liquids & Gasses Essential Questions What is the kinetic theory of matter? How do particles move in the different states of matter? How do particles behave at the boiling and melting

More information

Chapter 7 Notes. Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion

Chapter 7 Notes. Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion Chapter 7 Notes Section 7.1 Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion Atomic Theory Greek philosophers (430 BC ) Democritus and Leucippus proposed that matter is made of tiny particles called

More information

Unit 7G Particle model of solids, liquids and gases. About the unit. Expectations. Science Year 7. Where the unit fits in

Unit 7G Particle model of solids, liquids and gases. About the unit. Expectations. Science Year 7. Where the unit fits in Science Year 7 Unit 7G Particle model of solids, liquids and gases About the unit In this unit pupils: learn how the particle model can be used to explain differences between solids, liquids and gases

More information

The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)

The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) CHAPTER 1, LESSON 1 MOLECULES MATTER MS-PS1-4. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance

More information

Unit 11: Temperature and heat

Unit 11: Temperature and heat Unit 11: Temperature and heat 1. Thermal energy 2. Temperature 3. Heat and thermal equlibrium 4. Effects of heat 5. Transference of heat 6. Conductors and insulators Think and answer a. Is it the same

More information

Topic review. hi.com.au Science Resource Centre. Using scientific language 1. You should be familiar with the words in the following list.

Topic review. hi.com.au Science Resource Centre. Using scientific language 1. You should be familiar with the words in the following list. Topic review Using scientific language 1. You should be familiar with the words in the following list. condense solid boiling matter gas diffusion melting solidify particles substance liquid property compression

More information

Matter & Energy. Objectives: properties and structures of the different states of matter.

Matter & Energy. Objectives: properties and structures of the different states of matter. Matter & Energy Objectives: 1. Use the kinetic theory to describe the properties and structures of the different states of matter. 2. Describe energy transfers involved in changes of state. 3. Describe

More information

States of Matter. What physical changes and energy changes occur as matter goes from one state to another?

States of Matter. What physical changes and energy changes occur as matter goes from one state to another? Name States of Matter Date What physical changes and energy changes occur as matter goes from one state to another? Before You Read Before you read the chapter, think about what you know about states of

More information

Thermal energy 7 TH GRADE SCIENCE

Thermal energy 7 TH GRADE SCIENCE Thermal energy 7 TH GRADE SCIENCE Temperature There s more to temperature than the idea of hot and cold. Remember that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly moving even in solid objects.

More information

The Particulate Nature of Matter

The Particulate Nature of Matter The Particulate Nature of Matter Matter: Matter is defined as anything that has mass and takes space. There are 3 states of matter: Solids Liquids Gases Scientists have developed a model called the kinetic

More information

Term Info Picture. Anything that has mass and takes up space; everything is made of matter.

Term Info Picture. Anything that has mass and takes up space; everything is made of matter. Characteristics, Changes, and States of Matter S8P1. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the structure and properties of matter. B. Develop and use models to describe the movement of particles

More information

STATES OF MATTER NOTES..

STATES OF MATTER NOTES.. STATES OF MATTER NOTES.. While you are reading, answer the following which will help you with the States of Matter Project. What is matter (definition): What are the states of matter and what are the characteristics/properties

More information

Matter and Thermal Energy

Matter and Thermal Energy Section States of Matter Can you identify the states of matter present in the photo shown? Kinetic Theory The kinetic theory is an explanation of how particles in matter behave. Kinetic Theory The three

More information

Everything in the universe can be classified as either matter or energy. Kinetic Energy Theory: All particles of matter are in constant motion.

Everything in the universe can be classified as either matter or energy. Kinetic Energy Theory: All particles of matter are in constant motion. Physical Science Everything in the universe can be classified as either matter or energy. Kinetic Energy Theory: All particles of matter are in constant motion. State of Matter Bose- Einstein Condensate

More information

NAME: ACTIVITY SHEETS PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY (SECONDARY 3 rd YEAR)

NAME: ACTIVITY SHEETS PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY (SECONDARY 3 rd YEAR) NAME: ACTIVITY SHEETS PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY (SECONDARY 3 rd YEAR) ACTIVITY 1: Matter Lesson 2 THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF MATTER 1-What is matter? 2-What is a particle (corpuscle)? Set some examples 3-What

More information

Solids, Liquids, and Gases. Chapter 14

Solids, Liquids, and Gases. Chapter 14 Solids, Liquids, and Gases Chapter 14 Matter & Thermal Energy Matter can exist as a solid, a liquid, a gas or a plasma. The Molecular Kinetic Theory of Matter explains their differences and how they can

More information

THE PARTICLE MODEL AND PROPERTIES OF THE GASES, LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS. STATES CHANGES

THE PARTICLE MODEL AND PROPERTIES OF THE GASES, LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS. STATES CHANGES THE PARTICLE MODEL AND PROPERTIES OF THE GASES, LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS. STATES CHANGES The particle model of a gas A gas has no fixed shape or volume, but always spreads out to fill any container. There are

More information

Matter. Energy- which is a property of matter!! Matter: anything that takes up space and has mass

Matter. Energy- which is a property of matter!! Matter: anything that takes up space and has mass Matter Matter: anything that takes up space and has mass Can you think of anything that is not made of matter? Energy- which is a property of matter!! Matter is made up of moving particles! Instead of

More information

Table of Contents. Diagnostic Pre-test... 5 Lesson 1: What Is an Atom? Lesson 5: Gases. Lesson 6: Melting and Freezing. Lesson 2: What Are Molecules?

Table of Contents. Diagnostic Pre-test... 5 Lesson 1: What Is an Atom? Lesson 5: Gases. Lesson 6: Melting and Freezing. Lesson 2: What Are Molecules? Table of Contents Diagnostic Pre-test................. 5 Lesson 1: What Is an Atom? What Can You See?................ 11 What Is Matter Made Of?........... 12 Describing the Atom............... 13 What

More information

SAM Teachers Guide Phase Change Overview Learning Objectives Possible Student Pre/Misconceptions

SAM Teachers Guide Phase Change Overview Learning Objectives Possible Student Pre/Misconceptions SAM Teachers Guide Phase Change Overview Students review the atomic arrangements for each state of matter, following trajectories of individual atoms to observe their motion. Students observe and manipulate

More information

Matter & Energy. Kinetic Theory of Matter. Kinetic Theory of Matter. Kinetic Theory of Matter. Kinetic Theory of Matter. Temperature.

Matter & Energy. Kinetic Theory of Matter. Kinetic Theory of Matter. Kinetic Theory of Matter. Kinetic Theory of Matter. Temperature. Matter & Energy 1) All matter is made up of atoms and molecules that act as tiny particles. 1 2 2) These tiny particles are always in motion. State of matter depends on its molecular motion as measured

More information

Pg , Syllabus

Pg , Syllabus Pg. 169 171, 173-175 Syllabus 5.7 5.14 www.cgrahamphysics.com What do you remember? End www.cgrahamphysics.com How do particles move? 3 of 30 Boardworks Ltd 2012 4 of 30 Boardworks Ltd 2012 States of matter

More information

Most substances can be in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.

Most substances can be in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. States of Matter Most substances can be in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. Solid Particles Have Fixed Positions The particles in a solid are very close together and have an orderly, fixed arrangement.

More information

7K Forces and their Effects

7K Forces and their Effects 7K Forces and their Effects 0 Forces A force is a pull or a push. It is measured in Newton s. Complete the following sentences: 1. Push and pull are both words used to describe a _. When things touch you

More information

SAM Teachers Guide Phase Change Overview Learning Objectives Possible Student Pre/Misconceptions

SAM Teachers Guide Phase Change Overview Learning Objectives Possible Student Pre/Misconceptions SAM Teachers Guide Phase Change Overview Students review the atomic arrangements for each state of matter, following trajectories of individual atoms to observe their motion and observing and manipulating

More information

Rashid School for Boys. Year 7 Science. Particles. Name: Form:

Rashid School for Boys. Year 7 Science. Particles. Name: Form: Rashid School for Boys Year Science Particles Name: Form: 1 By the end of this topic.. Unit Particles Level 3 I know that ice melts when it gets too warm and that liquid water turns into solid water (ice)

More information

Making Sense of Matter Study Guide. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.

Making Sense of Matter Study Guide. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Making Sense of Matter Study Guide Matter is all around us everything is made of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. We can classify objects by their physical properties. Physical

More information

INTRODUCTION TO LESSON CLUSTER 7

INTRODUCTION TO LESSON CLUSTER 7 INTRODUCTION TO LESSON CLUSTER 7 EXPLAINING MELTING AND SOLIDIFYING A. Lesson Cluster Goals and Lesson Objectives Goals Students should be able to explain melting and solidifying, by reference to the molecular

More information

The lower the energy of a substance, the interaction between its atoms and molecules.

The lower the energy of a substance, the interaction between its atoms and molecules. PHYSICAL STATES OF MATTER Kinetic Molecular Theory To understand the different states in which matter can exist, we need to understand something called the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter. Kinetic Molecular

More information

SG 4 Elements and Chemical Bonds 5 States of Matter

SG 4 Elements and Chemical Bonds 5 States of Matter Name Date Period SG 4 Elements and Chemical Bonds 5 States of Matter 4.1 Electrons and Energy Levels Directions: On the line before each definition, write the term that matches it correctly. Each term

More information

Friction Contact friction is the force that develops between two surfaces in contact as they attempt to move parallel to their interface.

Friction Contact friction is the force that develops between two surfaces in contact as they attempt to move parallel to their interface. Friction Contact friction is the force that develops between two surfaces in contact as they attempt to move parallel to their interface. Typically, friction is separated into two cases: static and kinetic.

More information

2º ESO UNIT 2: The physical states of matter. Susana Morales Bernal

2º ESO UNIT 2: The physical states of matter. Susana Morales Bernal 2º ESO UNIT 2: The physical states of matter Objectives 1. To know that in all the states of aggregation the matter has mass and takes a place although depending on the state, can have or not, form and

More information

What is a change of state? What happens during a change of state? What can happen when a substance loses or gains energy?

What is a change of state? What happens during a change of state? What can happen when a substance loses or gains energy? CHAPTER 3 3 Changes of State SECTION States of Matter BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a change of state? What happens during a change

More information

Physical Science Exam 3 Study Guide. Dr. Karoline Rostamiani. Chapter 3

Physical Science Exam 3 Study Guide. Dr. Karoline Rostamiani. Chapter 3 Chapter 3 Section 1 States of Matter What is matter made of? What are the three most common states of matter? How do particles behave in each state of matter? Solids, Liquids, and Gases Materials can be

More information

NAME DATE CLASS TEST DATE:

NAME DATE CLASS TEST DATE: 1 TEST DATE: 2 Vocabulary Chapter 8 Solids, liquids, and gases Condensation Crystals Evaporation Heat of fusion Heat of vaporization Kinetic theory of matter Plasma States of matter Thermal expansion Chapter

More information

Name: New Document 1. Class: Date: 83 minutes. Time: 82 marks. Marks: Comments:

Name: New Document 1. Class: Date: 83 minutes. Time: 82 marks. Marks: Comments: New Document Name: Class: Date: Time: 83 minutes Marks: 82 marks Comments: Q. Solid, liquid and gas are three different states of matter. (a) Describe the difference between the solid and gas states, in

More information

Chemistry and Atoms! 8 th grade history information to help you understand the background of how our knowledge grew through the years.

Chemistry and Atoms! 8 th grade history information to help you understand the background of how our knowledge grew through the years. Chemistry and Atoms! 8 th grade history information to help you understand the background of how our knowledge grew through the years. Chemistry lies at the roots of civilization! Chemical reactions are

More information

The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)

The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) CHAPTER 2, LESSON 1 HEAT, TEMPERATURE, AND CONDUCTION MS-PS1-4. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state

More information

Kinetic Theory of Matter notes 2012

Kinetic Theory of Matter notes 2012 Kinetic Theory of Matter notes 2012 Kinetic Theory of Matter 3 parts: 1) All matter is made up of and that act as tiny 2) These tiny particles are always in. State of matter depends on its molecular motion

More information

SAM Teachers Guide Newton s Laws at the Atomic Scale Overview Learning Objectives Possible Student Pre/Misconceptions

SAM Teachers Guide Newton s Laws at the Atomic Scale Overview Learning Objectives Possible Student Pre/Misconceptions SAM Teachers Guide Newton s Laws at the Atomic Scale Overview Students explore how Newton s three laws apply to the world of atoms and molecules. Observations start with the originally contradictory observation

More information

Chapter: States of Matter

Chapter: States of Matter Table of Contents Chapter: States of Matter Section 1: Matter Section 2: Changes of State Section 3: Behavior of Fluids 1 What is matter? Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Matter Matter

More information

Lecture 21. Temperature. Thermal Expansion. Heat and Internal Energy. Cutnell+Johnson: , Temperature

Lecture 21. Temperature. Thermal Expansion. Heat and Internal Energy. Cutnell+Johnson: , Temperature Lecture 21 Temperature Thermal Expansion Heat and Internal Energy Cutnell+Johnson: 12.1-12.7, 14.3 Temperature So far in this class we ve usually talked about large objects, and we ve treated the object

More information

Post-Show HOT AND COLD. Gases. Liquids. Solids. After the Show. Traveling Science Shows

Post-Show HOT AND COLD. Gases. Liquids. Solids. After the Show. Traveling Science Shows Traveling Science Shows Post-Show HOT AND COLD After the Show We recently presented a Hot and Cold show at your school, and thought you and your students might like to continue investigating this topic.

More information

Unit 13: Thermodynamics

Unit 13: Thermodynamics SUPERCHARGED SCIENCE Unit 13: Thermodynamics www.sciencelearningspace.com Appropriate for Grades: K-12 (see notes on each project) Duration: 5-15 hours, depending on how many activities you do! Objects

More information

Chapter 2. States of Matter

Chapter 2. States of Matter Chapter 2 States of Matter 2-1 Matter Matter Matter Anything that takes up space and has mass. Is air matter? Yes. It takes up space and has mass. It has atoms. All matter is made up of atoms. ( Dalton

More information

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company What s the Matter? Matter has mass and volume. It cannot be created or destroyed. Mass is the

More information

States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas

States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas Movie Special Effects Activity 2 States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas GOALS In this activity you will: Create an animation to illustrate the behavior of particles in different phases of matter, and

More information

States of Matter. Essential Question: How does the movement of atoms and molecules relate to matter s different phases?

States of Matter. Essential Question: How does the movement of atoms and molecules relate to matter s different phases? States of Matter Essential Question: How does the movement of atoms and molecules relate to matter s different phases? These notes come from pages 60 to 73 in your Physical Science Textbook All Matter

More information

2. What is meant by Chemical State?. 3. Changing states of matter is about changing,,, and other.

2. What is meant by Chemical State?. 3. Changing states of matter is about changing,,, and other. Name: Date: Period: Matter Mania! Online Computer Activity (3 pages) Part I: Go to http://www.chem4kids.com/ and answer the following questions in complete sentences. a. Click on MATTER (written in yellow)

More information

S8P All of the substances on the periodic table are classified as elements because they

S8P All of the substances on the periodic table are classified as elements because they S8P1-2 1. Putting sand and salt together makes A. a compound. B. an element. C. a mixture. D. a solution. 2. All of the substances on the periodic table are classified as elements because they A. are pure

More information

Matter and Its Properties. Unit 2

Matter and Its Properties. Unit 2 Matter and Its Properties Unit 2 Lesson 1: Physical & Chemical Properties & Changes Unit 2: Matter and Its Properties Section 1: Physical Properties & Change Lesson 1: Physical & Chemical Properties &

More information

DO NOW. energy? what you think we are going to learn about.

DO NOW. energy? what you think we are going to learn about. DO NOW 1. What are the steps to make a sedimentary rock? 2. Compare and contrast a renewable and nonrenewable resource? 3. What are some ways that we can conserve energy? 4. Write me a story about the

More information

The Ideal Gas Equation

The Ideal Gas Equation If you pump too much air into a party balloon, the pressure of the air inside will burst it with a loud bang. Put one into the fridge and it will shrink a bit. You have carried out two simple experiments

More information

Chemistry A: States of Matter Packet Name: Hour: Page 1. Chemistry A States of Matter Packet

Chemistry A: States of Matter Packet Name: Hour: Page 1. Chemistry A States of Matter Packet Chemistry A: States of Matter Packet Name: Hour: Page 1 Chemistry A States of Matter Packet Chemistry A: States of Matter Packet Name: Hour: Page 2 Worksheet #1: States of Matter In this packet we will

More information

Bust-A-Myth Particles of Matter and Heat Transfer. Students will use the online Research Gadget and experimentation to bust or confirm the myth:

Bust-A-Myth Particles of Matter and Heat Transfer. Students will use the online Research Gadget and experimentation to bust or confirm the myth: ACTIVITY Bust-A-Myth Particles of Matter and Heat Transfer Approximate Classroom Time: 100-150 minutes Students will use the online Research Gadget and experimentation to bust or confirm the myth: A winter

More information

Chapter Preview. Improving Comprehension

Chapter Preview. Improving Comprehension Chapter Preview Improving Comprehension Graphic Organizers are important visual tools that can help you organize information and improve your reading comprehension. The Graphic Organizer below is called

More information

States of matter. Book page , Syllabus /09/2016

States of matter. Book page , Syllabus /09/2016 States of matter Book page 169 171, 173-175 Syllabus 5.7 5.14 05/09/2016 cgrahamphysics.com 2015 What is my state of matter? sand Decaffeinated coffee Glass Supercritical fluids Supercritical fluids Coldest

More information

2nd Grade Matter

2nd Grade Matter Slide 1 / 118 Slide 2 / 118 2nd Grade Matter 2015-11-20 www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 118 Table of Contents Properties of Materials Matter and Material Defined Properties of Materials Explore properties of materials

More information

P5 Heat and Particles Revision Kinetic Model of Matter: States of matter

P5 Heat and Particles Revision Kinetic Model of Matter: States of matter P5 Heat and Particles Revision Kinetic Model of Matter: States of matter State Size Shape Solid occupies a fixed volume has a fixed shape Liquid occupies a fixed volume takes the shape of its container

More information

Objectives. Inertia. Is air matter? Is Light matter? Chapter 2. Chapter 2. Table of Contents. Chapter 2. Chapter 2. Section 1 What Is Matter?

Objectives. Inertia. Is air matter? Is Light matter? Chapter 2. Chapter 2. Table of Contents. Chapter 2. Chapter 2. Section 1 What Is Matter? The Properties of Matter Section 1 What Is Matter? Table of Contents Section 1 What Is Matter? Section 2 Physical Properties Section 3 Chemical Properties Objectives Describe the two properties of all

More information

SAM Teachers Guide Newton s Laws at the Atomic Scale Overview Learning Objectives Possible Student Pre/Misconceptions

SAM Teachers Guide Newton s Laws at the Atomic Scale Overview Learning Objectives Possible Student Pre/Misconceptions SAM Teachers Guide Newton s Laws at the Atomic Scale Overview Students explore how Newton s three laws apply to the world of atoms and molecules. Observations start with the originally contradictory observation

More information

HERZLIA MIDDLE SCHOOL

HERZLIA MIDDLE SCHOOL NAME TEACHER S COMMENT TEACHER CLASS PARENT S COMMENT MARK PERCENTAGE PARENT SIGNATURE HERZLIA MIDDLE SCHOOL NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 7 MID YEAR EXAMINATION 7 JUNE 2016 TIME: 90 Minutes MARKS: 145 1 Grade

More information

6-3 Particle model of matter Trilogy

6-3 Particle model of matter Trilogy 6-3 Particle model of matter Trilogy.0 A teacher uses a tray filled with table tennis balls to model how particles are arranged in materials, as shown in Figure Figure. Initially the balls are arranged

More information

Conducting Energy and Heat. Energy Likes to Move. Radiating Energy

Conducting Energy and Heat. Energy Likes to Move. Radiating Energy Energy Likes to Move If there is a temperature difference in a system, heat will naturally move from high to low temperatures. The place you find the higher temperature is the heat source. The area where

More information

Unit 2. Phases of Matter and Density

Unit 2. Phases of Matter and Density Name Pd Unit 2 Phases of Matter and Density Name Pd Name Pd Homework for Unit 2 1. Vocab for Unit 2; due: 2. Pg 17 (1-5), pg 19 (1-5), pg21 (1-5) complete sentences; due: 3. Pg 23 (1-6), pg 27 (1-6) complete

More information

1. 2. Differentiate states of matter. Arrangement of Particles

1. 2. Differentiate states of matter. Arrangement of Particles Lesson 2 Predict three facts that will be discussed in Lesson 2 after reading the headings. Record your predictions in your Science Journal. Definition: Define physical property, and give two examples.

More information

CHAPTER 1: Chemistry, An Introduction

CHAPTER 1: Chemistry, An Introduction CHAPTER 1: Chemistry, An Introduction science: the study of nature to explain what one observes 1.4 THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD: How Chemists Think Applying the Scientific Method 1. Make an observation, and

More information

Separating Mixtures. Name: Class:

Separating Mixtures. Name: Class: Separating Mixtures Name: Class: Directions: Match the words with the big ideas by writing the letter beside the idea. Use the same words in the short article below. Use key words and phrases from the

More information

Foundations of Chemistry

Foundations of Chemistry Foundations of Chemistry Physical Properties Physical Properties As you read in Lesson 1, the arrangement of atoms determines whether matter is a substance or a mixture. The arrangement of atoms also determines

More information

Remembering 1 List three types of models that are used in science. The Particle Model, Computer Models to simulate weather and models of newly shaped

Remembering 1 List three types of models that are used in science. The Particle Model, Computer Models to simulate weather and models of newly shaped Remembering 1 List three types of models that are used in science. The Particle Model, Computer Models to simulate weather and models of newly shaped wings. 2 List five different examples each of a solid,

More information

Lesson 2 Changes in State

Lesson 2 Changes in State Lesson 2 Changes in State Student Labs and Activities Page Launch Lab 25 Content Vocabulary 26 Lesson Outline 27 MiniLab 29 Content Practice A 30 Content Practice B 31 Language Arts Support 32 School to

More information