3. CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

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1 . CEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE PREVIOUS EAMCET BITS. The bond length of Cl molecule is.75a and its dipole moment is. D. The ionic character of the molecule (in percent) (charge of electron.8 esu) is [ 8 E] ) ) 67. ).6 ) 6.8 μexperimental Sol: % of ionic character = μtheoritical 8 μ experimental = e d =.8 esu.75 cm 8 = 6. esu cm =6. D santhoshiμ theoretical =.D. 6.8 % of ionic character = 6. =. Match the following [ 8 M] List I List II A) BCl i) Linear B) Pd Br ii) Planar triangular C) SF6 iii) Tetrahedral I D) iv) Octahedral v) Square planar The correct answer A B C D A B C D ) ii iii iv i ) v iii ii i ) ii v iv i ) v iv iii ii Sol: Match the following (A) BCl = Planar triangular (ii) (B) Pd Br = square planar (v) (C) SF 6 = Octahedral (iv) (D) I = linear (i). The decreasing order of bond dissociation energy of C C, C and bond is [ 7 E ] ) > C > C C ) C C> C > ) C > C C> ) C C> > C Sol: The decreasing order of bond dissociation energies are > C > C C. Which of the following is not tetrahedral [ 7 ] ) BF ) N + ) CO ) SO

2 Chemical Bonding and molecular structure Sol: In CO carbon under goes sp hybridization and shape of the ion is trigonal planar. While shape + of BF, N andso have tetrahedral structure. 5. Assertion (A) : I is linear [ 7 M ] Reason (R) : It is not in sp hybridised state. The correct answer is. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. A is true, R is not true. A is not true but R is true Ans : Sol: I is linear. There is sp d hybridsation but not sp. But R is not correct explanation of A. 6. A molecule (X) has i) four sigma bonds formed by the overlap of sp and s orbital. (ii) One sigma bond formed by sp and sp orbitals and iii) one π bonds is formed by P x and P x orbitals. Which of the following is X? [ 6 E] ) C 6 ) CCl ) CCl ) C C= C Sol: ( σ sp sp ) = σ ; ( sp s) = ; π = 7. O bond angle is O is.5 and not 9 8 because of [ 6 M ] ) lone pair lone pair repulsion ) lone pair bond pair repulsion ) bond pair bond pair repulsion ) high electronegativity of oxygen Sol: In O oxygen atom undergoes sp hybridization and shape of the molecule must be tetrahedral and bond angle must be 9 8. But due to the repulsion between lone pair and lone pair of electron shape of the molecule is distorted to angular (or) V shape and bond angle is decreases to.5 8. Which of the following molecule has zero dipolemosanthoshiment? (5-M) ) BeCl ) Cl N ) ) O BeCl has symmetrical and linear structure hence (i) is correct 9. Which of the following is a favourable factor for cation formation? (5-M). Low ionisation potential. igh electron affinity. igh electronegativity. Small atomic size Ans : Low IP favours cation ion formation. Which of the following is a linear molecule? (5-E) ) BeCl ) O ) SO ) C BeCl = Linear O = Angular SO = Angular C = tetrahedral

3 Chemical Bonding and molecular structure. Which of the following statement is correct? (5-E). The number of electrons present in the valency shell of S in SF6 is.. The rates of ionic reactions are very slow.. According to VSEPR theory, SnCl is the linear molecule The correct order of ability to form ionic compounds among Na, Mg and Al + is Al > Mg > Na F Sol: x F x S x F F x x F x F In SF 6 s atom has valence electron. Which of the following is not correct regarding the properties of ionic compounds (-E). Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.. Their reaction velocity in aqueous medium is very high.. Ionic compounds in their molten and aqueous solutions do not conduct electricity.. They are highly soluble in polar solvents. Sol: Ionic compounds in their molten state and aqueous solution conducts electricity hence (). Is the wrong answer.. Which of the following statement is not correct (-M). One of the favourable conditions for the formation of cation is low ionisation potential.. Co-ordintion number of Cs in CsCl is 8. Ionic bond is directional.. Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points. Sol: Ionic bond is non directional () in the wrong answer. If the boiling point of ethanol (molecular weight -6) is 78 C. What is the boiling point of diethyl ether (molecular weight=7)? (-M). C. 78 C. 86 C. C Ans: Sol: Alcohols have high boiling point than ethers due to the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bond. 5. Which one of the following is a correct set? (-E). Osp,, angular. Osp,, linear. +,, square planar., tetrahedral In O oxygen atom undergoes sp hybridisation shape of the molecule is angular due to repulsion between lone pairs of electron hence () is correct. 6. If the bond length and dipole moment of a diatomic molecule are.5 A and. D respectively, what is the percent ionic character of the bond? (-E)

4 % of ionic character = μ = D obs μ observed μ theoritical Chemical Bonding and molecular structure 8 μ theoritial = e d =.8 esu.5 cm 8 =.8.5 esu.cm =.8.5D = = 6.66 % of ionic character =.8.5D 7. Which one of the following is a planar molecule? (-M). N. O +. BCl. PCl Cl Cl B sp and trigonal planar molecule Cl 8. Which one of the following is the correct set with respect to molecule, hybridization and shape? (-M)., linear., triangular planar., triangular planar., tetrahedral In BCl. B atoms undergoes sp hybridisation and shape of the molecule is trigonal planar hence () is the correct choice. 9. Which one of the following is the correct set with reference to molecular formula, hybridisation of central atom and shape of the molecule? (-M)., bent. Osp,, bent.,, linear. Osp,, linear In BeCl. Be atom undergoes sp hybridization and shape of the molecule is linear hence () in the correct choice.. An element M reacts with chlorine to from a compound X. The bond angle in X is. What is M? (-M). Be. B. Mg. N Ans: B + Cl BCl BCl sp hybridization And shape of molecule trigonal planar bond angle is.. The bond energies (in K Jmol ) of P-, As- and N- respectively are (-E). 7, 8 and 89. 7, 89 and 8. 8, 89 and 7. 8, 7 and 89 Ans: Decreasing order of stability N > P > As Decreasing order of bond energy N > P > As

5 Chemical Bonding and molecular structure. Which one of the following molecule contains both ionic and covalent bonds? (-E). CCl. KSO. BeCl. SO Ans: + KSO K + SO O SO = O S O O In between K + and SO ionic bond is present. In SO covalent bonds are present.. What is the hybridisation state of the central atom in the conjugate base of N + ion? (-E). sp. sp. sp. dsp Ans: Conjugate base of N + is N, hybridization is sp. Which of the following statement is true? (E). ybridisation of the central atom in N and C is SP. BeCl has V shape while SO is linear. SF6 is octahedral and F S F bond angle is 9. CO has dipole moment In SF 6. S atom undergoes sp d hybridisation and shape of the molecule is octahedraon and bond angle is In which of the following substance, hydrogen bonding is absent? ( M). F. O. CCl. Salicylaldehyde In CCl there is no hydrogen bond. 6. Acetylene has.bonds ( M). σ, π. σ, π. σ, π. σ, π C C In acetylene σ and π bonds are present 7. Which of the following has the lowest bond angle? ( E). O. C. S. N O =.5 C = 9 8 N = 7 S = 9 5

6 Chemical Bonding and molecular structure 8. Which of the following hydrocarbon has least carbon-carbon bond length? ( E). C6. C. C66. C Ans: C C bond length in C6 =.5 A C C bond length in C =.A C C bond length in C66 =.9A C C bond length in C =.A 9. Which of the following is correct pair? ( E). BeCl, linear. N, linear. CO, tetrahedral. BF,octahedral BeCl is linear. What is the crystal structure of Cesium Chloride? ( E). Body centered cubic. face centered cubic. tetrahedral. octahedral The crystal structure of CsCl is body centred cubic. Which of the following has least bond energy? ( M). F.. N. O F has least bond dissociation energy.. Which of the following has the lowest boiling point? ( M). C. O. F. C5O C has less boiling point due to the absence of hydrogen bond. 6

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