Lesson 8: Types of Matter

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1 NOTES Name: Date: Class: Lessn 8: Types f Matter Matter: anything that has and takes up Examples f matter: Examples that are NOT matter: _ 1

2 Pure substances: Elements and Cmpunds a material that has a (is hmgeneus) and has cnsists nly f f atm, mlecule, r cmpund Examples f pure substances: tin, sulfur, diamnd, water, pure sugar (sucrse), table salt (sdium chlride), baking sda (sdium bicarbnate), *any in its pure frm wuld be a pure substance* Element: has a as it cntains nly f atm identity f an element is determined by the in the nucleus Cannt be brken dwn by Will nt retain its if separated Each element has an abbreviatin f ne and maybe ne. All are n the Peridic table. Sulfur = Nitrgen = Sdium = Gld = Sme elements are = Yu ll never find an xygen r nitrgen atm. They ll be bnded t sme ther element. Examples: Frmula: Cl 2, H 2. The subscript 2 indicates that. Other examples f elements: 2

3 Mlecule: refers t tw r mre that are chemically cmbined. Examples: Cmpund: Refers t tw r mre that are chemically cmbined. Can be separated by _ Examples: H 2 O CO 2 Hw many different types f elements are in the cmpund HBrO 3? Hw many atms f carbn are in ne cmpund f sucrse C 12H 22O 11? Atm: basic units f matter and the made up f three particles: 3

4 Mixtures: Hmgeneus and Hetergeneus a material made up f which are mixed prperties differ because cmpnents can be 1. Hmgeneus mixture: The substances are s that it is difficult t ne substance in the mixture frm anther;. Als knwn as. Slute: Slvent: The is disslved int t make a. NaCl (aq) = 4

5 Slute: Slvent: The is disslved int t make a. C 12H 22O 11 (aq) = Slutins can be mixtures f multiple gases, liquids, r slids. All substances must be in the same phase. Examples: Gas slutin: Slid slutin: Liquid slutin: The slvent is always in greater abundance cmpared t the slute. SOLUTIONS PRACTICE: Identify the slute and slvent in the fllwing hmgeneus mixtures: a) Rsanna put rubbing alchl n the grass stain that was n her sck. Slute: Slvent: b) Justin added a little sugar t his tea because it tasted bitter. Slute: Slvent: c) The tea frm Mia s tea bag clred the water as it brewed. Slute: Slvent: d) Allie s ring is 14K gld (58.3% gld, 30% silver, and 11.7% cpper). Slute: Slvent: 5

6 2. Hetergeneus mixture: The parts f the mixture are frm ne anther Examples: Cllid Particles are in size ( nm) May be seen in. Examples: Suspensin Particles are in size (ver 1000 nm) Particles settle ut by gravity unless. Examples: 6

7 Particle size differs between slutins, cllids, and suspensins. Atms Ins Small mlecules Clumps f atms, ins, r mlecules Large mlecules Large clumped particles Mineral grains (sand) Particle examples Cnsider the cntainers belw. Which f these are mixtures? pure substances? Which cntain nly cmpunds? nly elements Cnsider the cntainers belw. Which f these are mixtures? pure substances? Which cntain nly cmpunds? nly elements? 7

8 Classify: (element, cmpund, hmgeneus mixture, hetergeneus mixture) 1. ammnia 2. Fe 2O 3 (s) 3. sdium 4. air 5. milk 6. sea water 7. water + sand 8. natural gas 9. white vinegar 10. mercury 11. NaCl (aq) C 13. fried rice 14. gasline k gld 8

9 Mixtures can be physically separated. 9

10 10

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