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1 Please print: Last name: First name: Chem 1062 Exam 3 Spring 2005 Andy Aspaas, Instructor Thursday, April 7, 2005 Equations: K c = [C]c [D] d [A] a [B] b ph =! log[h 3 O + ] poh =! log[oh! ] ph + poh = K w = [H 3 O + ][OH! ] K w = K a K b = 1.0 " 10!14 K a = [H 3 O+ ][A - ] [HA] K b = [HB+ ][OH - ] [B] ph = pk a + log [A- ] [HA] x is sufficiently small if c a K a < 100 ax 2 + bx + c = 0 x =!b ± b2! 4ac 2a Tables of K a and K b values are on page 2. Contents: I. Multiple choice, 5 questions, 3 points each. 15 points II. Short answer, 10 questions, worth 25 points. 25 points III. Problems. 3 questions, worth 20 points each. 60 points Total: 100 points I, have read and understand the directions given above, and pledge that I will follow all regulations with regard to Academic Dishonesty as outlined by this college when taking this exam. Signature Date and Time
2 Acid-Ionization Constants at 25 C Substance Formula K a Acetic acid HC 2 H 3 O 2 1.7! 10 "5 Benzoic acid HC 7 H 5 O 2 6.3! 10 "5 Boric acid H 3 BO 3 5.9! 10 "10 Carbonic acid H 2 CO 3 4.3! 10 "7 HCO 3 4.8! 10 "11 Cyanic acid HOCN 3.5! 10 "4 Formic acid HCHO 2 1.7! 10 "4 Hydrocyanic acid HCN 4.9! 10 "10 Hydrofluoric acid HF 6.8! 10 "4 Hydrogen sulfate ion HSO 4 1.1! 10 "2 Hydrogen sulfide H 2 S 8.9! 10 "8 HS 1.2! 10 "13 Hypochlorous acid HClO 3.5! 10 "8 Nitrous acid HNO 2 4.5! 10 "4 Oxalic acid H 2 C 2 O 4 5.6! 10 "2 HC 2 O 4 5.1! 10 "5 Phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 6.9! 10 "3 H 2 PO 4 6.2! 10 "8 2 HPO 4 4.8! 10 "13 Phosphorous acid H 2 PHO 3 1.6! 10 "2 HPHO 3 7.0! 10 "7 Propionic acid HC 3 H 5 O 2 1.3! 10 "5 Pyruvic acid HC 3 H 3 O 3 1.4! 10 "4 Sulfurous acid H 2 SO 3 1.3! 10 "2 HSO 3 6.3! 10 "8 Base-Ionization Constants at 25 C Substance Formula K b Ammonia NH 3 1.8! 10 "5 Aniline C 6 H 5 NH 2 4.2! 10 "10 Dimethylamine (CH 3 ) 2 NH 5.1! 10 "4 Ethylamine C 2 H 5 NH 2 4.7! 10 "4 Hydrazine N 2 H 4 1.7! 10 "6 Hydroxylamine NH 2 OH 1.1! 10 "8 Methylamine CH 3 NH 2 4.4! 10 "4 Pyridine C 5 H 5 N 1.4! 10 "9 Urea NH 2 CONH 2 1.5! 10 "14 Page 2 of 8
3 I. Multiple choice Choose the best answer from the choices given, and clearly circle the letter of your choice. You may need to consult the tables on page 2 for some answers. (3 pts each) 1. Which of the following is the strongest acid in water? a. HBrO b. HBrO 2 c. HBrO 3 d. HBrO 4 e. Not enough information to say. 2. For the following equilibrium, which of the following statements is true? HF + H 2 O! F + H 3 O + a. The equilibrium lies predominately to the right. b. The equilibrium lies predominately to the left. c. This isn t an equilibrium at all, since HF is a strong acid. d. This reaction will not occur at all. e. None of these statements are true. 3. Which of the following is a diprotic acid? a. HC 2 H 3 O 2 b. H 2 CO 3 c. HCHO 2 d. C 6 H 5 NH 2 e. HC 3 H 3 O 3 4. Which of the following solutions will have the highest ph? a. 0.1 M Na 2 CO 3 b. 0.1 M KCl c. 0.1 M NaNO 3 d. 0.1 M NaCl e. 0.1 M NH 4 Cl 5. Which of the following solution mixtures is a buffer? a. HCl / NaCl b. KH 2 PO 4 / KNO 3 c. HC 2 H 3 O 2 / NaC 2 H 3 O 2 d. HOCN / NaOH e. HOCN / HCN Page 3 of 8
4 II. Conceptual Predict whether aqueous solutions of the following salts will be acidic, basic, or neutral. (3 pts each) 6. Na 2 S 7. Cu(NO 3 ) 2 8. KClO 4 9. CH 3 NH 3 Cl 10. NH 3 F An unidentified acid is titrated by a strong base, and its titration curve is shown below: ph ml 64 ml volume strong base solution 11. (3 pts) Is the acid strong or weak? 12. (3 pts) Is the acid monoprotic, diprotic, or triprotic? 13. (4 pts) The identity of the acid can be determined from the values on this curve. Which acid is it? Page 4 of 8
5 III. Problems Choose 3 of the following problems to complete. If you answer more than three, only the first three will be graded. (20 points each) I would like questions numbered,, and to be graded. 14. a. Calculate [H 3 O + ], [HS - ], and ph for a 0.10 M H 2 S solution. b. Calculate [S 2 ] in this solution. Page 5 of 8
6 15. a. Use the quadratic equation method to calculate the ph of a M solution of NaCN. b. Perform the same calculation, this time using the approximation method. c. Do the answers differ? Explain why or why not, in terms of the ionization and equilibrium that is occurring here. Page 6 of 8
7 16. a. Calculate the molar concentration of pure water, assuming its density is 1.00 g/ml. b. Use this value along with the value of K w to calculate the K a of H 2 O, the K a of H 3 O +, and the K b of OH. (Hint: no ICE tables are required!) c. How do the K a values you calculated compare in size to the K a values on the table on page 2? What does this mean about the relative strengths of H 3 O + and H 2 O as acids? Page 7 of 8
8 17. A buffer solution with a total volume of ml is M in acetic acid and M in sodium acetate. a. Calculate the ph of this solution. b. Calculate the ph of this same solution after 20.0 ml of M HNO 3 is added. -END OF EXAM- Page 8 of 8
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