Contents. Preface XIII
|
|
- Hope Lindsey
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 V Contents Preface XIII 1 General Introduction Fundamental Knowledge Required for Successful Dispersion of Powders into Liquids Wetting of Powder into Liquid Breaking of Aggregates and Agglomerates into Individual Units Wet Milling or Comminution Stabilization of the Resulting Dispersion Prevention of Ostwald Ripening (Crystal Growth) Prevention of Sedimentation and Formation of Compact Sediments (Clays) Particle Dimensions in Suspensions Concentration Range of Suspensions Outline of the Book 12 References 16 2 Fundamentals of Wetting and Spreading Introduction The Concept of the Contact Angle The Contact Angle Wetting Line Three-Phase Line (Solid/Liquid/Vapor) Thermodynamic Treatment Young s Equation Adhesion Tension Work of Adhesion W a Work of Cohesion Calculation of Surface Tension and Contact Angle Good and Girifalco Approach Fowkes Treatment The Spreading of Liquids on Surfaces The Spreading Coefficient S Contact Angle Hysteresis 26
2 VI Contents Reasons for Hysteresis Wenzel s Equation 28 References 29 3 The Critical Surface Tension of Wetting and the Role of Surfactants in Powder Wetting The Critical Surface Tension of Wetting Theoretical Basis of the Critical Surface Tension Effect of Surfactant Adsorption Dynamic Processes of Adsorption and Wetting General Theory of Adsorption Kinetics Adsorption Kinetics from Micellar Solutions Experimental Techniques for Studying Adsorption Kinetics The Drop Volume Technique Maximum Bubble Pressure Technique Wetting of Powders by Liquids Rate of Penetration of Liquids: The Rideal Washburn Equation Measurement of Contact Angles of Liquids and Surfactant Solutions on Powders Assessment of Wettability of Powders Sinking Time, Submersion, or Immersion Test List of Wetting Agents for Hydrophobic Solids in Water 45 References 46 4 Structure of the Solid Liquid Interface and Electrostatic Stabilization Structure of the Solid Liquid Interface Origin of Charge on Surfaces Surface Ions Isomorphic Substitution Structure of the Electrical Double Layer Diffuse Double Layer (Gouy and Chapman) Stern Grahame Model of the Double Layer Distinction between Specific and Nonspecific Adsorbed Ions Electrical Double-Layer Repulsion van der Waals Attraction Total Energy of Interaction Deryaguin Landau Verwey Overbeek Theory Flocculation of Suspensions Criteria for Stabilization of Dispersions with Double-Layer Interaction 62 References 62 5 Electrokinetic Phenomena and Zeta Potential Stern Grahame Model of the Double Layer 67
3 5.2 Calculation of Zeta Potential from Particle Mobility von Smoluchowski (Classical) Treatment The Huckel Equation Henry s Treatment Measurement of Electrophoretic Mobility and Zeta Potential Ultramicroscopic Technique (Microelectrophoresis) Laser Velocimetry Technique Electroacoustic Methods 78 References 83 6 General Classification of Dispersing Agents and Adsorption of Surfactants at the Solid/Liquid Interface Classification of Dispersing Agents Surfactants Anionic Surfactants Cationic Surfactants Amphoteric (Zwitterionic) Surfactants Nonionic Surfactants Alcohol Ethoxylates Alkyl Phenol Ethoxylates Fatty Acid Ethoxylates Sorbitan Esters and Their Ethoxylated Derivatives (Spans and Tweens) Ethoxylated Fats and Oils Amine Ethoxylates Polymeric Surfactants Polyelectrolytes Adsorption of Surfactants at the Solid Liquid Interface Adsorption of Ionic Surfactants on Hydrophobic Surfaces Adsorption of Ionic Surfactants on Polar Surfaces Adsorption of Nonionic Surfactants Theoretical Treatment of Surfactant Adsorption Examples of Typical Adsorption Isotherms of Model Nonionic Surfactants on Hydrophobic Solids 103 References Adsorption and Conformation of Polymeric Surfactants at the Solid Liquid Interface Theories of Polymer Adsorption Experimental Techniques for Studying Polymeric Surfactant Adsorption Measurement of the Adsorption Isotherm Measurement of the Fraction of Segments p Determination of the Segment Density Distribution ρ(z) and Adsorbed Layer Thickness δ h 119 Contents VII
4 VIII Contents 7.6 Examples of the Adsorption Isotherms of Nonionic Polymeric Surfactants Adsorbed Layer Thickness Results Kinetics of Polymer Adsorption 128 References Stabilization and Destabilization of Suspensions Using Polymeric Surfactants and the Theory of Steric Stabilization Introduction Interaction between Particles Containing Adsorbed Polymeric Surfactant Layers (Steric Stabilization) Mixing Interaction G mix Elastic Interaction G el Total Energy of Interaction Criteria for Effective Steric Stabilization Flocculation of Sterically Stabilized Dispersions Weak Flocculation Incipient Flocculation Depletion Flocculation Bridging Flocculation by Polymers and Polyelectrolytes Examples for Suspension Stabilization Using Polymeric Surfactants Polymeric Surfactants for Stabilization of Preformed Latex Dispersions 146 References Properties of Concentrated Suspensions Interparticle Interactions and Their Combination Hard-Sphere Interaction Soft or Electrostatic Interaction: Figure 9.1b Steric Interaction: Figure 9.1c van der Waals Attraction: Figure 9.1d Combination of Interaction Forces Definition of Dilute, Concentrated, and Solid Suspensions States of Suspension on Standing 164 References Sedimentation of Suspensions and Prevention of Formation of Dilatant Sediments Sedimentation Rate of Suspensions Prevention of Sedimentation and Formation of Dilatant Sediments Balance of the Density of the Disperse Phase and Medium 178
5 Contents IX Reduction of the Particle Size Use of High Molecular Weight Thickeners Use of Inert Fine Particles Use of Mixtures of Polymers and Finely Divided Particulate Solids Controlled Flocculation ( Self-Structured Systems) Depletion Flocculation Use of Liquid Crystalline Phases 190 References Characterization of Suspensions and Assessment of Their Stability Introduction Assessment of the Structure of the Solid/Liquid Interface Double-Layer Investigation Analytical Determination of Surface Charge Electrokinetic and Zeta Potential Measurements Measurement of Surfactant and Polymer Adsorption Assessment of Sedimentation of Suspensions Assessment of Flocculation and Ostwald Ripening (Crystal Growth) Optical Microscopy Sample Preparation for Optical Microscopy Particle Size Measurements Using Optical Microscopy Electron Microscopy Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Scattering Techniques Light Scattering Techniques Time-Average Light Scattering Turbidity Measurements Light Diffraction Techniques Dynamic Light Scattering Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS) Backscattering Techniques Measurement of Rate of Flocculation Measurement of Incipient Flocculation Measurement of Crystal Growth (Ostwald Ripening) Bulk Properties of Suspensions: Equilibrium Sediment Volume (or Height) and Redispersion 216 References 217
6 X Contents 12 Rheological Techniques for Assessment of Stability of Suspensions Introduction Steady-State Shear Stress σ Shear Rate γ Measurements Constant Stress (Creep) Measurements Dynamic (Oscillatory) Measurements Steady-State Measurements Rheological Models for Analysis of Flow Curves Newtonian Systems Bingham Plastic Systems Pseudoplastic (Shear Thinning) System Dilatant (Shear Thickening) System Herschel Bulkley General Model The Casson Model The Cross Equation Time Effects during Flow Thixotropy and Negative (or anti-) Thixotropy Constant Stress (Creep) Measurements Analysis of Creep Curves Viscous Fluid Elastic Solid Viscoelastic Response Viscoelastic Liquid Viscoelastic Solid Creep Procedure Dynamic (Oscillatory) Measurements Analysis of Oscillatory Response for a Viscoelastic System Vector Analysis of the Complex Modulus Dynamic Viscosity η Note that η η(0) as ω Strain Sweep Oscillatory Sweep The Cohesive Energy Density E c Application of Rheological Techniques for the Assessment and Prediction of the Physical Stability of Suspensions Rheological Techniques for Prediction of Sedimentation and Syneresis Role of Thickeners Assessment and Prediction of Flocculation Using Rheological Techniques Strain Sweep Measurements Oscillatory Sweep Measurements Examples of Application of Rheology for Assessment and Prediction of Flocculation 240
7 Contents XI Flocculation and Restabilization of Clays Using Cationic Surfactants Flocculation of Sterically Stabilized Dispersions 240 References Rheology of Concentrated Suspensions Introduction The Einstein Equation The Batchelor Equation Rheology of Concentrated Suspensions Rheology of Hard-Sphere Suspensions Rheology of Systems with Soft or Electrostatic Interaction Rheology of Sterically Stabilized Dispersions Rheology of Flocculated Suspensions Analysis of the Flow Curve Impulse Theory: Goodeve and Gillespie Elastic Floc Model: Hunter and Coworkers Fractal Concept for Flocculation Examples of Strongly Flocculated (Coagulated) Suspension Coagulation of Electrostatically Stabilized Suspensions by Addition of Electrolyte Strongly Flocculated Sterically Stabilized Systems Influence of the Addition of Electrolyte Influence of Increase of Temperature Models for Interpretation of Rheological Results Dublet Floc Structure Model Elastic Floc Model 268 References 270 Index 271
Contents XVII. Preface
V Preface XVII 1 General Introduction 1 1.1 Suspensions 1 1.2 Latexes 2 1.3 Emulsions 2 1.4 Suspoemulsions 3 1.5 Multiple Emulsions 3 1.6 Nanosuspensions 4 1.7 Nanoemulsions 4 1.8 Microemulsions 5 1.9
More informationContents. Preface XIII. 1 General Introduction 1 References 6
VII Contents Preface XIII 1 General Introduction 1 References 6 2 Interparticle Interactions and Their Combination 7 2.1 Hard-Sphere Interaction 7 2.2 Soft or Electrostatic Interaction 7 2.3 Steric Interaction
More informationApplied Surfactants: Principles and Applications
Applied Surfactants: Principles and Applications Tadros, Tharwat F. ISBN-13: 9783527306299 Table of Contents Preface. 1 Introduction. 1.1 General Classification of Surface Active Agents. 1.2 Anionic Surfactants.
More informationTharwat F. Tadros. Dispersion of Powders in Liquids and Stabilization of Suspensions
Tharwat F. Tadros Dispersion of Powders in Liquids and Stabilization of Suspensions Related Titles Tadros, T. F. (ed.) Topics in Colloid and Interface Science 2012 Hardcover ISBN: 978-3-527-31991-6 Tadros,
More informationDISPERSION OF POWDERS IN LIQUIDS AND STABILIZATION OF SUSPENSIONS
DISPERSION OF POWDERS IN LIQUIDS AND STABILIZATION OF SUSPENSIONS Malmö Sweden The Öresund bridge, Malmö Copenhagen DISPERSION OF POWDERS IN LIQUIDS AND STABILIZATION OF SUSPENSIONS Malmö Sweden This course
More informationColloid Science Principles, methods and applications
Colloid Science Principles, methods and applications Second Edition Edited by TERENCE COSGROVE School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK WILEY A John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, Publication Contents
More informationTharwat F. Tadros Applied Surfactants
Tharwat F. Tadros Applied Surfactants Further Titles of Interest L. L. Schramm Emulsions, Foams, and Suspensions Fundamentals and Applications 2005 ISBN 3-527-30743-5 E. Smulders Laundry Detergents 2002
More informationFoundations of. Colloid Science SECOND EDITION. Robert J. Hunter. School of Chemistry University of Sydney OXPORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
Foundations of Colloid Science SECOND EDITION Robert J. Hunter School of Chemistry University of Sydney OXPORD UNIVERSITY PRESS CONTENTS 1 NATURE OF COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Technological
More information1 General Introduction
1 1 General Introduction Several classes of formulations of disperse systems are encountered in the chemical industry, including suspensions, emulsions, suspoemulsions (mixtures of suspensions and emulsions),
More informationPhysics and Chemistry of Interfaces
Hans Jürgen Butt, Karlheinz Graf, and Michael Kappl Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces Second, Revised and Enlarged Edition WILEY- VCH WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA Contents Preface XI 1 Introduction
More information*blood and bones contain colloids. *milk is a good example of a colloidal dispersion.
Chap. 3. Colloids 3.1. Introduction - Simple definition of a colloid: a macroscopically heterogeneous system where one component has dimensions in between molecules and macroscopic particles like sand
More informationCHEMISTRY PHYSICAL. of FOODS INTRODUCTION TO THE. CRC Press. Translated by Jonathan Rhoades. Taylor & Francis Croup
Christos Ritzoulis Translated by Jonathan Rhoades INTRODUCTION TO THE PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY of FOODS CRC Press Taylor & Francis Croup Boca Raton London NewYork CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis
More informationContents. Preface XI Symbols and Abbreviations XIII. 1 Introduction 1
V Contents Preface XI Symbols and Abbreviations XIII 1 Introduction 1 2 Van der Waals Forces 5 2.1 Van der Waals Forces Between Molecules 5 2.1.1 Coulomb Interaction 5 2.1.2 Monopole Dipole Interaction
More informationPharmaceutics I صيدالنيات 1. Unit 6
Pharmaceutics I صيدالنيات 1 Unit 6 1 Rheology of suspensions Rheology, the study of flow, addresses the viscosity characteristics of powders, fluids, and semisolids. Materials are divided into two general
More informationSOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 5: COLLOIDS AND FINE PARTICLES
SOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 5: COLLOIDS AND FINE PARTICLES EXERCISE 5.1: Colloidal particles may be either dispersed or aggregated. (a) What causes the difference between these two cases? Answer in terms of interparticle
More informationColloidal Suspension Rheology Chapter 1 Study Questions
Colloidal Suspension Rheology Chapter 1 Study Questions 1. What forces act on a single colloidal particle suspended in a flowing fluid? Discuss the dependence of these forces on particle radius. 2. What
More informationElectrostatic Forces & The Electrical Double Layer
Electrostatic Forces & The Electrical Double Layer Dry Clay Swollen Clay Repulsive electrostatics control swelling of clays in water LiquidSolid Interface; Colloids Separation techniques such as : column
More informationModule 8: "Stability of Colloids" Lecture 37: "" The Lecture Contains: DLVO Theory. Effect of Concentration. Objectives_template
The Lecture Contains: DLVO Theory Effect of Concentration file:///e /courses/colloid_interface_science/lecture37/37_1.htm[6/16/2012 1:02:12 PM] Studying the stability of colloids is an important topic
More informationSanitary Engineering. Coagulation and Flocculation. Week 3
Sanitary Engineering Coagulation and Flocculation Week 3 1 Coagulation and Flocculation Colloidal particles are too small to be removed by sedimentation or by sand filtration processes. Coagulation: Destabilization
More informationRheological Properties
Rheological Properties Shear Stress the force experienced by the liquid is proportional to the area of the upper plate and is defined as the shear stress, σ = F/A (Units = Nm -2 or Pascals [Pa]) Shear
More informationPharmaceutics I. Unit 6 Rheology of suspensions
Pharmaceutics I اينالديصيدلينيات 1 Unit 6 Rheology of suspensions 1 Rheology, the science of the flow or deformation of matter (liquid or soft solid) under the effect of an applied force. It addresses
More informationContents. Foreword by Darrell H. Reneker
Table of Foreword by Darrell H. Reneker Preface page xi xiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 How big is a nanometer? 1 1.2 What is nanotechnology? 1 1.3 Historical development of nanotechnology 2 1.4 Classification
More informationSuspension Stability; Why Particle Size, Zeta Potential and Rheology are Important
ANNUAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE NORDIC RHEOLOGY SOCIETY, VOL. 20, 2012 Suspension Stability; Why Particle Size, Zeta Potential and Rheology are Important Mats Larsson 1, Adrian Hill 2, and John Duffy 2 1 Malvern
More informationColloid stability. Lyophobic sols. Stabilization of colloids.
Colloid stability. Lyophobic sols. Stabilization of colloids. Lyophilic and lyophobic sols Sols (lyosols) are dispersed colloidal size particles in a liquid medium (=solid/liquid dispersions) These sols
More informationCHAPTER TWO: EXPERIMENTAL AND INSTRUMENTATION TECHNIQUES
CHAPTER TWO: EXPERIMENTAL AND INSTRUMENTATION TECHNIQUES 25 2.1 INSTRUMENTATION The prepared samples were characterized using various techniques. Among which are Dynamic Light Scattering, Zeta Potential
More informationThe Institute of Paper Chemistry
The Institute of Paper Chemistry Appleton, Wisconsin Doctor's Dissertation The Role of Polyelectrolyte Charge Density and Molecular Weight on the Adsorption and Flocculation of Colloidal Silica with Polyethylenimine
More informationCH5716 Processing of Materials
CH5716 Processing of Materials Ceramic Thick Film Processing Lecture MC5 Slurry Characterisation Specific Surface Area Powder size & specific surface area (area per unit wt) closely related As particle
More informationContents. Introduction.
Introduction. Chapter 1 Crystallography and 1.1 Crystal Lattices 1 1.2 Lattices and Unit Cells 1 1.3 Miller Indices 4 1.4 Powder X-Ray Diffraction and Bragg's Law 5 1.5 Typical Powder XRD Setup 7 1.6 Indexing
More informationColloid & Interface Science Case Study Model Answers
Colloid & Interface Science Case Study Model Answers Distance Learning Course in Cosmetic Science Society of Cosmetic Scientists Common Features Formulations were examples of lyophobic colloidal systems
More informationPhysical Chemistry of Surfaces
Physical Chemistry of Surfaces Fifth Edition ARTHUR W. ADAMSON Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California Los Angeles, California >) A WILEY-INTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION John Wiley &. Sons,
More informationII. FLUID INTERFACES AND CAPILLARITY
CONTENTS Preface vii I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Interfaces 1 B. Colloids 4 C. The bridge to nanoscience 10 1. What is nanoscience? 10 2. Nanostructures and assemblies 12 3. Generic nanoscience 17 4. New tools
More informationIntroduction to Viscometry and Rheology, Basics, Rotational Testing. Basic Seminar Applied Rheology
Introduction to Viscometry and Rheology, Basics, Rotational Testing Basic Seminar Applied Rheology Contents Definition of basic rheological parameters Viscosity and elasticity Deformation, shear stress
More informationZeta potential - An introduction in 30 minutes
Zeta potential - An introduction in 30 minutes ZETA POTENTIAL Introduction Zeta potential is a physical property which is exhibited by any particle in suspension, macromolecule or material surface. It
More informationSingle action pressing (from top)
www.komage.de Single action pressing (from top) Double action pressing with fixed die Typical course of the pressure during pressing and ejection (Single action) Upper punch Pressure Lower punch Time Green
More informationMicromechanics of Colloidal Suspensions: Dynamics of shear-induced aggregation
: Dynamics of shear-induced aggregation G. Frungieri, J. Debona, M. Vanni Politecnico di Torino Dept. of Applied Science and Technology Lagrangian transport: from complex flows to complex fluids Lecce,
More informationColloidal dispersion
Dispersed Systems Dispersed systems consist of particulate matter, known as the dispersed phase, distributed throughout a continuous or dispersion medium. The dispersed material may range in size from
More informationMechanical properties of polymers: an overview. Suryasarathi Bose Dept. of Materials Engineering, IISc, Bangalore
Mechanical properties of polymers: an overview Suryasarathi Bose Dept. of Materials Engineering, IISc, Bangalore UGC-NRCM Summer School on Mechanical Property Characterization- June 2012 Overview of polymer
More informationSupplementary material to On the rheology of pendular gels and morphological developments in paste- like ternary systems based on capillary attraction
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft Matter. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 214 Supplementary material to On the rheology of pendular gels and morphological developments in
More informationCOLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS
COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS Marlyn D. Laksitorini Lab. of Physical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics Dept.Pharmaceutics Gadjah Mada School of Pharmacy References Overview 1. Type of Dispersion 2. Example of Colloidal
More informationPharmaceutical compounding I Colloidal and Surface-Chemical Aspects of Dosage Forms Dr. rer. nat. Rebaz H. Ali
University of Sulaimani School of Pharmacy Dept. of Pharmaceutics Pharmaceutical Compounding Pharmaceutical compounding I Colloidal and Surface-Chemical Aspects of Dosage Forms Dr. rer. nat. Rebaz H. Ali
More informationINTERMOLECULAR AND SURFACE FORCES
INTERMOLECULAR AND SURFACE FORCES SECOND EDITION JACOB N. ISRAELACHVILI Department of Chemical & Nuclear Engineering and Materials Department University of California, Santa Barbara California, USA ACADEMIC
More informationGuideline for Rheological Measurements
Guideline for Rheological Measurements Typical Measurements, Diagrams and Analyses in Rheology www.anton-paar.com General Information: = Measurement = Diagram = Analysis Important Rheological Variables:
More informationFundamentals of Rheology Science of Deformation and Flow Homer Jamasbi, Ph.D. Elementis Specialties
Fundamentals of Rheology Science of Deformation and Flow Homer Jamasbi, Ph.D. Elementis Specialties Introduction Rheology is the study of how materials deform and flow under the influence of external forces.
More informationEffect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on flow and electrokinetic properties of Na-activated bentonite dispersions
Bull. Mater. Sci., Vol. 27, No. 3, June 24, pp. 317 322. Indian Academy of Sciences. Effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on flow and electrokinetic properties of Na-activated bentonite dispersions E GÜN STER,
More informationStability of colloidal systems
Stability of colloidal systems Colloidal stability DLVO theory Electric double layer in colloidal systems Processes to induce charges at surfaces Key parameters for electric forces (ζ-potential, Debye
More informationISO Colloidal systems Methods for zetapotential. Part 1: Electroacoustic and electrokinetic phenomena
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13099-1 First edition 2012-06-15 Colloidal systems Methods for zetapotential determination Part 1: Electroacoustic and electrokinetic phenomena Systèmes colloïdaux Méthodes de
More informationInterfacial dynamics
Interfacial dynamics Interfacial dynamics = dynamic processes at fluid interfaces upon their deformation Interfacial rheological properties: elasticity, viscosity, yield stress, Relation between macroscopic
More informationCH676 Physical Chemistry: Principles and Applications. CH676 Physical Chemistry: Principles and Applications
CH676 Physical Chemistry: Principles and Applications History of Nanotechnology: Time Line Democritus in ancient Greece: concept of atom 1900 : Rutherford : discovery of atomic nucleus The first TEM was
More informationReview: ISO Colloidal systems Methods for zeta potential determination
Review: ISO 13099 Colloidal systems Methods for zeta potential determination Mark Bumiller mark.bumiller@horiba.com www.horiba.com/particle New ISO Standards www.iso.org Outline ISO standards Zeta potential
More informationEMULSION AND NANOEMULSION
EMULSION AND NANOEMULSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Malmö Sweden The Öresund bridge, Malmö Copenhagen EMULSION AND NANOEMULSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Emulsion and Nanoemulsion formation Selection of emulsifiers
More informationBiomaterial Scaffolds
Biomaterial Scaffolds Biomaterial Properties Surface properties Bulk properties Biological properties Types of Biomaterials Biological materials Synthetic materials Surface Properties The body reads the
More informationRHEOLOGY Principles, Measurements, and Applications. Christopher W. Macosko
RHEOLOGY Principles, Measurements, and Applications I -56081-5'79~5 1994 VCH Publishers. Inc. New York Part I. CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONS 1 1 l Elastic Solid 5 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 The Stress Tensor 8 1.2.1
More informationParticle Characterization Laboratories, Inc.
Analytical services Particle size analysis Dynamic Light Scattering Static Light Scattering Sedimentation Diffraction Zeta Potential Analysis Single Point Titration Isoelectric point determination Aqueous
More informationTECHNOLOGIES THAT TRANSFORM POLLUTANTS TO INNOCUOUS COMPONENTS: CHEMICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL METHODS
TECHNOLOGIES THAT TRANSFORM POLLUTANTS TO INNOCUOUS COMPONENTS: CHEMICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL METHODS HUANG Xia Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China Keywords: Pollutants, Innocuous Components, Chemical
More informationRheology and Constitutive Equations. Rheology = Greek verb to flow. Rheology is the study of the flow and deformation of materials.
Rheology and Constitutive Equations Rheology = Greek verb to flow Rheology is the study of the flow and deformation of materials. The focus of rheology is primarily on the study of fundamental, or constitutive,
More informationPolymer engineering syllabus (BSc)
Polymer engineering syllabus (BSc) First semester Math 1 Physics 1 Physics 1 lab General chemistry General chemistry lab workshop Second semester Math 2 Physics 2 Organic chemistry 1 Organic chemistry
More informationADMAT intensive programme 2006
Characterization of Fachhochschule Münster - University of Applied Sciences ADMAT intensive programme 2006 Fields of Colloid Chemistry Colloid chemistry is the chemistry of heterogeneous systems and thus
More informationENAS 606 : Polymer Physics
ENAS 606 : Polymer Physics Professor Description Course Topics TA Prerequisite Class Office Hours Chinedum Osuji 302 Mason Lab, 432-4357, chinedum.osuji@yale.edu This course covers the static and dynamic
More informationModule 4: "Surface Thermodynamics" Lecture 21: "" The Lecture Contains: Effect of surfactant on interfacial tension. Objectives_template
The Lecture Contains: Effect of surfactant on interfacial tension file:///e /courses/colloid_interface_science/lecture21/21_1.htm[6/16/2012 1:10:36 PM] Surface Thermodynamics: Roles of Surfactants and
More information6. Expressions for Describing Steady Shear Non-Newtonian Flow
Non-Newtonian Flows Modified from the Comsol ChE Library module. Rev 10/15/08 2:30PM Modified by Robert P. Hesketh, Chemical Engineering, Rowan University Fall 2008 http://ciks.cbt.nist.gov/~garbocz/sp946/node8.htm
More informationThe principals of rheology In pharmaceutical technology
The principals of rheology In pharmaceutical technology Dr. Aleksandar Széchenyi University of Pécs Gyógyszertechnológiai és Biofarmáciai Intézet Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy
More informationIstván Bányai, University of Debrecen Dept of Colloid and Environmental Chemistry
Colloid stability István Bányai, University of Debrecen Dept of Colloid and Environmental Chemistry www.kolloid.unideb.hu (Stability of lyophilic colloids see: macromolecular solutions) Stabilities 1.
More informationColloid stability. Lyophobic sols. Stabilization of colloids. Levente Novák István Bányai Zoltán Nagy Department of Physical Chemistry
Colloid stability. Lyophobic sols. Stabilization of colloids. Levente Novák István Bányai Zoltán Nagy Department of Physical Chemistry Lyophilic and lyophobic sols Sols (lyosols) are dispersed colloidal
More informationEffect of associating polymer on the dispersion stability and rheology of suspensions
Korea-Australia Rheology Journal Vol. 15, No. 1, March 2003 pp. 27-33 Effect of associating polymer on the dispersion stability and rheology of suspensions Yasufumi Otsubo* and Misao Horigome 1 Department
More informationDispersion systems. Dispersion system = dispersed phase in a continuum phase (medium) s/l, l/l,... According to the size of the dispersed phase:
Dispersion systems 1/20 Dispersion system = dispersed phase in a continuum phase (medium) s/l, l/l,... According to the size of the dispersed phase: coarse dispersion (suspension), > 1 µm colloid 1 µm
More information(2.1) Is often expressed using a dimensionless drag coefficient:
1. Introduction Multiphase materials occur in many fields of natural and engineering science, industry, and daily life. Biological materials such as blood or cell suspensions, pharmaceutical or food products,
More informationIt is the size of the
Chapter 2: Literature Review (Note: A modified form of this chapter will be published as Rheology and Colloidal Stability in Paints and Coatings, Proceedings of the Association of Formulation Chemists,
More informationPVC Paste Rheology: Study of Process Dependencies
PVC Paste Rheology: Study of Process Dependencies M.G. Rasteiro, 1 A. Tomás, 2 L. Ferreira, 1 S. Figueiredo 1 1 Chemical Engineering Department, Coimbra University, Coimbra, Portugal 2 Companhia Industrial
More informationGuidelines for the characterization of dispersion stability
Provläsningsexemplar / Preview TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 13097 First edition 2013-06-15 Guidelines for the characterization of dispersion stability Lignes directrices pour la caractérisation de la stabilité
More informationMethods for charge and size characterization colloidal systems
Methods for charge and size characterization colloidal systems Content General Basics Stabino Measurement basics Applications NANO-flex Measurement basics Applications Nanoparticles Bulkphase of gold gold
More informationIntroduction to Dynamic Light Scattering for Particle Size Determination
www.horiba.com/us/particle Jeffrey Bodycomb, Ph.D. Introduction to Dynamic Light Scattering for Particle Size Determination 2016 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved. 1 Sizing Techniques 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
More informationAGITATION AND AERATION
AGITATION AND AERATION Although in many aerobic cultures, gas sparging provides the method for both mixing and aeration - it is important that these two aspects of fermenter design be considered separately.
More informationParticles, drops, and bubbles. Lecture 3
Particles, drops, and bubbles Lecture 3 Brownian Motion is diffusion The Einstein relation between particle size and its diffusion coefficient is: D = kt 6πηa However gravitational sedimentation tends
More informationCapillarity and Wetting Phenomena
? Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Frangoise Brochard-Wyart David Quere Capillarity and Wetting Phenomena Drops, Bubbles, Pearls, Waves Translated by Axel Reisinger With 177 Figures Springer Springer New York Berlin
More informationSurface and Interfacial Aspects of Biomedical Polymers
Surface and Interfacial Aspects of Biomedical Polymers Volume 1 Surface Chemistry and Physics Edited by Joseph D. Andrade University of Utah Salt Lake City, Utah PLENUM PRESS NEW YORK AND LONDON Contents
More informationProf. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay
05 Clay particle-water interaction & Index properties Electrical nature of clay particles a) Electrical charges i) The two faces of all platy particles have a negative charge. Resulting due to isomorphous
More informationInterfacial forces and friction on the nanometer scale: A tutorial
Interfacial forces and friction on the nanometer scale: A tutorial M. Ruths Department of Chemistry University of Massachusetts Lowell Presented at the Nanotribology Tutorial/Panel Session, STLE/ASME International
More informationPROPERTIES OF POLYMERS
PROPERTIES OF POLYMERS THEIR CORRELATION WITH CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; THEIR NUMERICAL ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION FROM ADDITIVE GROUP CONTRIBUTIONS Third, completely revised edition By D.W. VÄN KREVELEN Professor-Emeritus,
More informationInvestigating the Redispersibility of Calcium Carbonate
Investigating the Redispersibility of Calcium Carbonate by Ardeep Dosanjh A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of MASTER OF RESEARCH in Chemical Engineering Science School
More informationMohamed Daoud Claudine E.Williams Editors. Soft Matter Physics. With 177 Figures, 16 of them in colour
Mohamed Daoud Claudine E.Williams Editors Soft Matter Physics With 177 Figures, 16 of them in colour Contents 1. Droplets: CapiUarity and Wetting 1 By F. Brochard-Wyart (With 35 figures) 1.1 Introduction
More informationSurface and Interfacial Tensions. Lecture 1
Surface and Interfacial Tensions Lecture 1 Surface tension is a pull Surfaces and Interfaces 1 Thermodynamics for Interfacial Systems Work must be done to increase surface area just as work must be done
More informationTreatment Processes. Coagulation. Coagulation. Coagulation. Coagulation. Coagulation and Flocculation
CIVL 1112 Water Treatment - and 1/7 Treatment Processes and and flocculation consist of adding a flocforming chemical reagent to a water to enmesh or combine with nonsettleable colloidal solids and slowsettling
More informationPHRC 4110 Pharmaceutics I
CO01: Use interpretive tools for proper data handling CO01.01: Describe basic mathematics and statistic to interpret pharmaceutical data CO01.02: Work with exponents, powers, roots, logarithms, and antilogarithms
More informationSELF-ASSEMBLY AND NANOTECHNOLOGY A Force Balance Approach
SELF-ASSEMBLY AND NANOTECHNOLOGY A Force Balance Approach Yoon S. Lee Scientific Information Analyst Chemical Abstracts Service A Division of the American Chemical Society Columbus, Ohio WILEY A JOHN WILEY
More informationEffect of Surfactant on the Bridging Conformation of Associating Polymer and Suspension Rheology
Article Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi Vol.35, No.1, 27~34 (Journal of the Society of Rheology, Japan) 2007 The Society of Rheology, Japan Effect of Surfactant on the Bridging Conformation of Associating Polymer
More informationModern Aspects of Emulsion Science
Modern Aspects of Emulsion Science Edited by Bernard P. Binks Department of Chemistry, University ofhull, UK THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY Information Services Chapter 1 Emulsions - Recent Advances in
More informationReview. Surfaces of Biomaterials. Characterization. Surface sensitivity
Surfaces of Biomaterials Three lectures: 1.23.05 Surface Properties of Biomaterials 1.25.05 Surface Characterization 1.27.05 Surface and Protein Interactions Review Bulk Materials are described by: Chemical
More informationLecture 7 Contact angle phenomena and wetting
Lecture 7 Contact angle phenomena and Contact angle phenomena and wetting Young s equation Drop on the surface complete spreading Establishing finite contact angle γ cosθ = γ γ L S SL γ S γ > 0 partial
More informationCHAPTER 10. Characteristics of the Surfaces of Biomaterials
CHAPTER 10 Characteristics of the Surfaces of Biomaterials 10.1 Surface Characteristics Related to Chemical Bonding 10.2 Surface Chemistry Related to Bonding of Biological Molecules 10.3 Porosity 10.4
More informationSolid-liquid interface
Lecture Note #9 (Spring, 2017) Solid-liquid interface Reading: Shaw, ch. 6 Contact angles and wetting Wetting: the displacement from a surface of one fluid by another. A gas is displaced by a liquid at
More informationSOIL COLLOIDS PROPERTIES AND ION RINDING. CRC Press. University of Bueno Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina. Taylor & Francis Croup
SOIL COLLOIDS PROPERTIES AND ION RINDING Fernando V. Molina University of Bueno Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina CRC Press Taylor & Francis Croup Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the
More informationAn Overview of the Concept, Measurement, Use and Application of Zeta Potential. David Fairhurst, Ph.D. Colloid Consultants, Ltd
An Overview of the Concept, Measurement, Use and Application of Zeta Potential David Fairhurst, Ph.D. Colloid Consultants, Ltd Fundamental Parameters that control the Nature and Behavior of all Particulate
More informationTheory of Flocculation Reprint with Authorization by David L. Forbes
TECHNICAL PUBLICATION INFORMATION & STRATEGY FOR THE FACILITY MANAGER Theory of Flocculation Reprint with Authorization by David L. Forbes Introduction The efficiency of most solid/liquid separation processes
More informationEffect of surfactant adsorption on the rheology of suspensions flocculated by associating polymers
Korea-Australia Rheology Journal Vol. 15, No. 4, December 2003 pp. 179-185 Effect of surfactant adsorption on the rheology of suspensions flocculated by associating polymers Yasufumi Otsubo* and Misao
More information1 Rheology of Disperse Systems
7 1 Rheology of Disperse Systems Norbert Willenbacher and Kristina Georgieva 1.1 Introduction The rheology of disperse systems is an important processing parameter. Being able to characterize and manipulate
More informationViscoelasticity. Basic Notions & Examples. Formalism for Linear Viscoelasticity. Simple Models & Mechanical Analogies. Non-linear behavior
Viscoelasticity Basic Notions & Examples Formalism for Linear Viscoelasticity Simple Models & Mechanical Analogies Non-linear behavior Viscoelastic Behavior Generic Viscoelasticity: exhibition of both
More information1 Introduction Why the Interpretive Approach? (Niall W. G. Young).
1 Introduction Why the Interpretive Approach? (Niall W. G. Young). 1.1 Rheology What is in it for me? 1.1.1 Case study. 2 Viscosity and Oscillatory Rheology (Taghi Miri). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Food rheology.
More informationConcepts in Surface Physics
M.-C. Desjonqueres D. Spanjaard Concepts in Surface Physics Second Edition With 257 Figures Springer 1. Introduction................................. 1 2. Thermodynamical and Statistical Properties of
More informationLecture 3. Phenomena at Liquid-gas and Liquid-Liquid interfaces. I
Lecture 3 Phenomena at Liquid-gas and Liquid-Liquid interfaces. I Adsorption at Gas-Liquid interface Measurements of equilibrium adsorption surface tension measurements (Wilhelmy plate) surface analysis
More informationChapter 6 Molten State
Chapter 6 Molten State Rheology ( 流變學 ) study of flow and deformation of (liquid) fluids constitutive (stress-strain) relation of fluids shear flow shear rate ~ dγ/dt ~ velocity gradient dv 1 = dx 1 /dt
More information