Test Review- Final- Physical Science- Strausser Chapters 1-5. Due May 5, 2014

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1 Test Review- Final- Physical Science- Strausser Chapters 1-5 Due May 5, 2014 Name Date Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Technology can best be defined as a. science that uses computers. b. new inventions. c. applied science. d. the use of lenses and microscopes. 2. Scientific theories can be changed or replaced when a. new technology is invented. b. new discoveries are made. c. scientists decide to work on different problems. d. scientists make models of events or objects. 3. Scientific methods a. are a general description of scientific thinking. b. are used to find and evaluate possible answers to problems. c. use critical thinking to solve scientific problems. d. All of the above 4. SI is considered a consistent system because it a. is used worldwide. c. dates back to b. uses derived units. d. has seven base units. 5. Critical thinking a. is based on facts. c. uses observations. b. uses logic. d. All of the above 6. Which type of graph best shows data that are parts of a whole? a. bar graph c. pie chart b. line graph d. All of the above 7. How many significant figures are in 7.357? a. three c. four b. one d. five 8. A molecule of water (H 2 O) is made from _ combining two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. a. physically c. thermally b. ionically d. chemically 9. Lead has a density of 11.3 g/cm 3 and a mass of g. What is its volume? a. 2.5 cm 3 c. 250 cm 3 b. 25 cm 3 d cm 3

2 10. Which of the following is not a pure substance? a. element c. compound b. molecule d. mixture 11. The different substances in a mixture a. keep their properties. c. form new molecules. b. combine chemically. d. cannot be separated. 12. Which of the following results in a mixture? a. baking a cake c. dissolving salt b. burning a log d. digesting food 13. Chemical changes can affect physical and chemical properties whereas physical changes can affect a. chemical properties. b. physical properties. c. both chemical and physical properties. d. None of the above 14. The smallest unit of a substance that behaves like the substance is a(n) a. element c. atom b. molecule d. compound 15. Temperature is a measure of the average _ energy of the particles in the object. a. thermal c. potential b. kinetic d. chemical 16. What determines the speed of the atoms and molecules of a particular substance? a. size of the atoms and molecules c. Both (a) and (b) b. temperature of the substance d. None of the above 17. The resistance of a fluid to flow is referred to as a. pressure. c. viscosity. b. energy. d. shape. 18. Evaporation refers to the change of state from a a. liquid to a gas. c. solid to a liquid. b. gas to a liquid. d. liquid to a solid. 19. The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be a. burned. c. created or destroyed. b. changed in form. d. heated or cooled. 20. Buoyant force is the _ force exerted on an object immersed or floating on a liquid. a. lateral c. downward b. upward d. tensile 21. All matter is made of atoms and molecules that are a. always fixed in position. c. moving in the same direction. b. always in motion. d. moving slowly.

3 22. Valence electrons determine an atom s a. mass. c. electric charge. b. chemical properties. d. period. 23. A subatomic particle that has a negative charge is called a(n) a. molecule. c. element. b. electron. d. compound. 24. Thomson made his discovery about the atom during an experiment using a. thermal energy. c. cathode rays b. kinetic energy. d. X rays. 25. An element s atomic number is equal to its number of a. protons. c. valence electrons b. neutrons. d. protons and neutrons. 26. Two different isotopes of an element have different a. numbers of neutrons. c. atomic numbers. b. numbers of protons. d. numbers of electrons. 27. Unlike the modern model of the atom, Bohr s model states that a. electrons move in set paths around the nucleus of an atom. b. atoms cannot be divided into smaller parts. c. electrons behave like waves. d. electrons contain orbitals. 28. An electron jumps to a new energy level when a. the atom becomes charged. b. the atom becomes unstable. c. the electron s location is pinpointed. d. the atom gains or loses energy. 29. Oxygen s atomic number is 8. This means that an oxygen atom has a. eight neutrons in its nucleus. b. a total of eight protons and neutrons. c. eight protons in its nucleus. d. a total of eight neutrons and electrons. 30. The order of elements in the periodic table is based on a. the number of protons in the nucleus. b. the electric charge of the nucleus. c. the number of neutrons in the nucleus. d. atomic mass. 31. Semiconductors are elements that a. have large atomic masses but small atomic numbers. b. do not form compounds. c. can conduct heat and electricity under certain conditions. d. are extremely hard.

4 32. What is Mendeleev is known for? a. creating today s atomic model c. publishing the first periodic table b. discovering protons d. discovering Mendelevium 33. Each column of the periodic table is a. an element. c. an isotope. b. a group. d. a period. 34. What is the location of elements in the periodic table related to? a. color c. atomic weight b. number of neutrons d. electron arrangement 35. Atoms that gain or lose electrons are called a. metals. c. ions. b. nonmetals. d. isotopes. Completion Complete each statement. 36. The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is. 37. Sound is not made of matter because it has no. 38. Two or more liquids that can dissolve into each other are referred to as. 39. Pascal s principle states that a fluid in equilibrium within a vessel exerts pressure of equal intensity _. 40. As energy is added to a solid substance, the atoms _ and move apart. 41. Wood floats on water because.

5 42. The word atom comes from a Greek word that means unable to be. 43. The periodic law states that, in the modern periodic table, elements with similar appear at regular intervals. 44. Some elements are highly because their outermost energy levels are only partially filled. 45. Mendeleev started a new in his periodic table when properties repeated. Short Answer 46. Explain why changes of state are physical changes. Essay 47. What does it mean to say that no experiment is a failure? Do you agree or disagree? Why? 48. Why are organizing and presenting data important scientific skills? 49. Explain why atoms have no electric charge even though they are made up of charged particles. 50. Explain why the periodic table is important to chemists.

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